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| 5. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Phase 4 (2018) : Change management in allergic rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity using mobile technology
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 143:3, s. 864-879
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) has evolved from a guideline by using the best approach to integrated care pathways using mobile technology in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma multimorbidity. The proposed next phase of ARIA is change management, with the aim of providing an active and healthy life to patients with rhinitis and to those with asthma multimorbidity across the lifecycle irrespective of their sex or socioeconomic status to reduce health and social inequities incurred by the disease. ARIA has followed the 8-step model of Kotter to assess and implement the effect of rhinitis on asthma multimorbidity and to propose multimorbid guidelines. A second change management strategy is proposed by ARIA Phase 4 to increase self-medication and shared decision making in rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity. An innovation of ARIA has been the development and validation of information technology evidence-based tools (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network [MASK]) that can inform patient decisions on the basis of a self-care plan proposed by the health care professional.
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| 6. |
- Menditto, Enrica, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology : The MASK Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : WILEY. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 49:4, s. 442-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment. MASK-rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient-centred ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from 1 January 2016 to 1 August 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: A total of 12143 users were registered. A total of 6949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1887 users reported >= 7 VAS data. About 1195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. One hundred and thirty-six (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR >= 70% and PDC <= 1.25), 51 (4.23%) were partly adherent (MPR >= 70% and PDC = 1.50) and 176 (14.60%) were switchers. On the other hand, 832 (69.05%) users were non-adherent to medications (MPR <70%). Of those, the largest group was non-adherent to medications and the time interval was increased in 442 (36.68%) users. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Adherence to treatment is low. The relative efficacy of continuous vs on-demand treatment for allergic rhinitis symptoms is still a matter of debate. This study shows an approach for measuring retrospective adherence based on a mobile app. This also represents a novel approach for analysing medication-taking behaviour in a real-world setting.
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| 8. |
- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and translational allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1, s. 58-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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| 9. |
- Panuzzo, P., et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of a dormant 33 solar-mass black hole in pre-release Gaia astrometry
- 2024
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. Gravitational waves from black-hole (BH) merging events have revealed a population of extra-galactic BHs residing in short-period binaries with masses that are higher than expected based on most stellar evolution models-And also higher than known stellar-origin black holes in our Galaxy. It has been proposed that those high-mass BHs are the remnants of massive metal-poor stars.Aims. Gaia astrometry is expected to uncover many Galactic wide-binary systems containing dormant BHs, which may not have been detected before. The study of this population will provide new information on the BH-mass distribution in binaries and shed light on their formation mechanisms and progenitors.Methods. As part of the validation efforts in preparation for the fourth Gaia data release (DR4), we analysed the preliminary astrometric binary solutions, obtained by the Gaia Non-Single Star pipeline, to verify their significance and to minimise false-detection rates in high-mass-function orbital solutions.Results. The astrometric binary solution of one source, Gaia BH3, implies the presence of a 32.70a ±a 0.82aM- BH in a binary system with a period of 11.6 yr. Gaia radial velocities independently validate the astrometric orbit. Broad-band photometric and spectroscopic data show that the visible component is an old, very metal-poor giant of the Galactic halo, at a distance of 590 pc.Conclusions. The BH in the Gaia BH3 system is more massive than any other Galactic stellar-origin BH known thus far. The low metallicity of the star companion supports the scenario that metal-poor massive stars are progenitors of the high-mass BHs detected by gravitational-wave telescopes. The Galactic orbit of the system and its metallicity indicate that it might belong to the Sequoia halo substructure. Alternatively, and more plausibly, it could belong to the ED-2 stream, which likely originated from a globular cluster that had been disrupted by the Milky Way.
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| 13. |
- Bousquet, J, et al.
(författare)
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MASK 2017 : ARIA digitally-enabled, integrated, person-centred care for rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity using real-world-evidence.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- mHealth, such as apps running on consumer smart devices is becoming increasingly popular and has the potential to profoundly affect healthcare and health outcomes. However, it may be disruptive and results achieved are not always reaching the goals. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) has evolved from a guideline using the best evidence-based approach to care pathways suited to real-life using mobile technology in allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma multimorbidity. Patients largely use over-the-counter medications dispensed in pharmacies. Shared decision making centered around the patient and based on self-management should be the norm. Mobile Airways Sentinel networK (MASK), the Phase 3 ARIA initiative, is based on the freely available MASK app (the Allergy Diary, Android and iOS platforms). MASK is available in 16 languages and deployed in 23 countries. The present paper provides an overview of the methods used in MASK and the key results obtained to date. These include a novel phenotypic characterization of the patients, confirmation of the impact of allergic rhinitis on work productivity and treatment patterns in real life. Most patients appear to self-medicate, are often non-adherent and do not follow guidelines. Moreover, the Allergy Diary is able to distinguish between AR medications. The potential usefulness of MASK will be further explored by POLLAR (Impact of Air Pollution on Asthma and Rhinitis), a new Horizon 2020 project using the Allergy Diary.
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| 14. |
- Bédard, A., et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of allergic rhinitis during and outside the pollen season using mobile technology : A MASK study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 10:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe analysis of mobile health (mHealth) data has generated innovative insights into improving allergic rhinitis control, but additive information is needed. A cross-sectional real-world observational study was undertaken in 17 European countries during and outside the estimated pollen season. The aim was to collect novel information including the phenotypic characteristics of the users.MethodsThe Allergy Diary–MASK-air–mobile phone app, freely available via Google Play and App, was used to collect the data of daily visual analogue scales (VASs) for overall allergic symptoms and medication use. Fluticasone Furoate (FF), Mometasone Furoate (MF), Azelastine Fluticasone Proprionate combination (MPAzeFlu) and eight oral H1-antihistamines were studied. Phenotypic characteristics were recorded at entry. The ARIA severity score was derived from entry data. This was an a priori planned analysis.Results9037 users filled in 70,286 days of VAS in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The ARIA severity score was lower outside than during the pollen season. Severity was similar for all treatment groups during the pollen season, and lower in the MPAzeFlu group outside the pollen season. Days with MPAzeFlu had lower VAS levels and a higher frequency of monotherapy than the other treatments during the season. Outside the season, days with MPAzeFlu also had a higher frequency of monotherapy. The number of reported days was significantly higher with MPAzeFlu during and outside the season than with MF, FF or oral H1-antihistamines.ConclusionsThis study shows that the overall efficacy of treatments is similar during and outside the pollen season and indicates that medications are similarly effective during the year.
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| 15. |
- Esposito, B., et al.
(författare)
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Progress of Design and Development for the ITER Radial Neutron Camera
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of fusion energy. - : Springer. - 0164-0313 .- 1572-9591. ; 41:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents an overview of the design status of the Radial Neutron Camera (RNC), that, together with the Vertical Neutron Camera, will provide, through reconstruction techniques applied to the measured line-integrated neutron fluxes, the time resolved measurement of the ITER neutron and alpha-source profile (i.e. neutron emissivity, neutrons emitted per unit time and volume). The RNC is composed of two subsystems, the In-Port RNC and Ex-Port RNC located, respectively, inside and outside the Plug of Equatorial Port #01. The In-Port subsystem is in a more advanced design stage since it has recently undergone the Final Design Review in the ITER procurement process. The paper describes the diagnostic layout, the interfaces, the measurement capabilities and the main challenges in its realization. Prototyping and testing of neutron detectors and electronics components were carried out and led to the choice of the component solutions that can match the environmental and operational constraints in terms radiation hardness, high temperature and electromagnetic compatibility. The performance of the RNC in terms of neutron emissivity measurement capability was assessed through 1D and 2D reconstruction analysis. It is proven that the neutron emissivity can be reconstructed in real-time within the measurement requirements: 10% accuracy, 10 ms time resolution and a/10 (a = plasma minor radius) space resolution.
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| 17. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 76:1, s. 168-190
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.
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| 18. |
- Guerzoni, R., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of end-to-end multi-domain management and orchestration frameworks for software defined infrastructures : An architectural survey
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2161-5748 .- 2161-3915. ; 28:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the last couple of years, industry operators' associations issued requirements towards an end-to-end management and orchestration plane for 5G networks. Consequently, standard organisations started their activities in this domain. This article provides an analysis and an architectural survey of these initiatives and of the main requirements, proposes descriptions for the key concepts of domain, resource and service slicing, end-to-end orchestration and a reference architecture for the end-to-end orchestration plane. Then, a set of currently available or under development domain orchestration frameworks are mapped to this reference architecture. These frameworks, meant to provide coordination and automated management of cloud and networking resources, network functions and services, fulfil multi-domain (i.e. multi-technology and multi-operator) orchestration requirements, thus enabling the realisation of an end-to-end orchestration plane. Finally, based on the analysis of existing single-domain and multi-domain orchestration components and requirements, this paper presents a functional architecture for the end-to-end management and orchestration plane, paving the way to its full realisation.
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| 20. |
- Sperduti, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Results of the first user program on the HOmogeneous Thermal NEutron Source HOTNES (ENEA/INFN)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-0221. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The HOmogeneous Thermal NEutron Source (HOTNES) is a new type of thermal neutron irradiation assembly developed by the ENEA-INFN collaboration. The facility is fully characterized in terms of neutron field and dosimetric quantities, by either computational and experimental methods. This paper reports the results of the first "HOTNES users program", carried out in 2016, and covering a variety of thermal neutron active detectors such as scintillators, solid-state, single crystal diamond and gaseous detectors.
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| 24. |
- Carravetta, V., et al.
(författare)
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PH-dependent X-ray Photoelectron Chemical Shifts and Surface Distribution of Cysteine in Aqueous Solution
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 123:17, s. 3776-3785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution and protonation states of amino acids in water droplets are of considerable concern in studies on the formation of clouds in the atmosphere as well as in many biological contexts. In the present work we use the amino acid cysteine as a prototypical example and explore the protonation states of this molecule in aqueous solution, which are strongly affected by the acidity of the environment and also can show different distributions between surface and bulk. We use a combination of X-ray photoelectron chemical shift measurements, density functional theory calculations of the shifts, and reactive force field molecular dynamics simulations of the underlying structural dynamics. We explore how the photoelectron spectra distinctly reflect the different protonation states that are generated by variation of the solution acidity and how the distribution of these protonation states can differ between bulk and surface regions. At specific pH values, we find that the distribution of the cysteine species at the surface is quite different from that in bulk, in particular, for the appearance in the surface region of species which do not exist in bulk. Some ramifications of this finding are discussed.
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| 25. |
- Gurgel-Giannetti, J., et al.
(författare)
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A novel complex neurological phenotype due to a homozygous mutation in FDX2
- 2018
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Ingår i: Brain. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-8950 .- 1460-2156. ; 141, s. 2289-2298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defects in iron-sulphur [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis are increasingly recognized as causing neurological disease. Mutations in a number of genes that encode proteins involved in mitochondrial [Fe-S] protein assembly lead to complex neurological phenotypes. One class of proteins essential in the early cluster assembly are ferredoxins. FDX2 is ubiquitously expressed and is essential in the de novo formation of [2Fe-2S] clusters in humans. We describe and genetically define a novel complex neurological syndrome identified in two Brazilian families, with a novel homozygous mutation in FDX2. Patients were clinically evaluated, underwent MRI, nerve conduction studies, EMG and muscle biopsy. To define the genetic aetiology, a combination of homozygosity mapping and whole exome sequencing was performed. We identified six patients from two apparently unrelated families with autosomal recessive inheritance of a complex neurological phenotype involving optic atrophy and nystagmus developing by age 3, followed by myopathy and recurrent episodes of cramps, myalgia and muscle weakness in the first or second decade of life. Sensory-motor axonal neuropathy led to progressive distal weakness. MRI disclosed a reversible or partially reversible leukoencephalopathy. Muscle biopsy demonstrated an unusual pattern of regional succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase deficiency with iron accumulation. The phenotype was mapped in both families to the same homozygous missense mutation in FDX2 (c. 431C > T, p. P144L). The deleterious effect of the mutation was validated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, which demonstrated normal expression of FDX2 mRNA but severely reduced expression of FDX2 protein in muscle tissue. This study describes a novel complex neurological phenotype with unusual MRI and muscle biopsy features, conclusively mapped to a mutation in FDX2, which encodes a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial ferredoxin essential for early [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis.
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| 26. |
- Müser, M. H., et al.
(författare)
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Meeting the Contact-Mechanics Challenge
- 2017
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Ingår i: Tribology letters. - : Springer New York LLC. - 1023-8883 .- 1573-2711. ; 65:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes the submissions to a recently announced contact-mechanics modeling challenge. The task was to solve a typical, albeit mathematically fully defined problem on the adhesion between nominally flat surfaces. The surface topography of the rough, rigid substrate, the elastic properties of the indenter, as well as the short-range adhesion between indenter and substrate, were specified so that diverse quantities of interest, e.g., the distribution of interfacial stresses at a given load or the mean gap as a function of load, could be computed and compared to a reference solution. Many different solution strategies were pursued, ranging from traditional asperity-based models via Persson theory and brute-force computational approaches, to real-laboratory experiments and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a model, in which the original assignment was scaled down to the atomistic scale. While each submission contained satisfying answers for at least a subset of the posed questions, efficiency, versatility, and accuracy differed between methods, the more precise methods being, in general, computationally more complex. The aim of this paper is to provide both theorists and experimentalists with benchmarks to decide which method is the most appropriate for a particular application and to gauge the errors associated with each one..
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| 27. |
- Ponrouch, A., et al.
(författare)
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Towards high energy density sodium ion batteries through electrolyte optimization
- 2013
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Ingår i: Energy and Environmental Sciences. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 6:8, s. 2361-2369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive study is reported entailing optimization of sodium ion electrolyte formulation and compatibility studies with positive and negative electrode materials. EC:PC:DMC and EC:PC:DME were found to exhibit optimum ionic conductivities and lower viscosities. Yet, hard carbon negative electrode materials tested in such electrolytes exhibit significant differences in performance, rooted in the different resistivity of the SEI, which results in too large polarization and concomitant loss of capacity at low potentials when DME is used as a co-solvent. EC0.45:PC0.45:DMC0.1 was found to be the optimum composition resulting in good rate capability and high capacity upon sustained cycling for hard carbon electrodes. Its compatibility with positive Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 (NVPF) electrodes was also confirmed, which led to the assembly of full Na-ion cells displaying an operation voltage of 3.65 V, very low polarisation and excellent capacity retention upon cycling with ca. 97 mA h g(-1) of NVPF after more than 120 cycles together with satisfactory coulombic efficiency (>98.5%) and very good power performance. Such values lead to energy densities comparable to those of the current state-of-the-art lithium-ion technology.
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| 28. |
- Ravanelli, R., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring the impact of land cover change on surface urban heat island through Google Earth Engine : Proposal of a global methodology, first applications and problems
- 2018
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-4292. ; 10:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All over the world, the rapid urbanization process is challenging the sustainable development of our cities. In 2015, the United Nation highlighted in Goal 11 of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) the importance to "Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable". In order to monitor progress regarding SDG 11, there is a need for proper indicators, representing different aspects of city conditions, obviously including the Land Cover (LC) changes and the urban climate with its most distinct feature, the Urban Heat Island (UHI). One of the aspects of UHI is the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI), which has been investigated through airborne and satellite remote sensing over many years. The purpose of this work is to show the present potential of Google Earth Engine (GEE) to process the huge and continuously increasing free satellite Earth Observation (EO) Big Data for long-term and wide spatio-temporal monitoring of SUHI and its connection with LC changes. A large-scale spatio-temporal procedure was implemented under GEE, also benefiting from the already established Climate Engine (CE) tool to extract the Land Surface Temperature (LST) from Landsat imagery and the simple indicator Detrended Rate Matrix was introduced to globally represent the net effect of LC changes on SUHI. The implemented procedure was successfully applied to six metropolitan areas in the U.S., and a general increasing of SUHI due to urban growth was clearly highlighted. As a matter of fact, GEE indeed allowed us to process more than 6000 Landsat images acquired over the period 1992-2011, performing a long-term and wide spatio-temporal study on SUHI vs. LC change monitoring. The present feasibility of the proposed procedure and the encouraging obtained results, although preliminary and requiring further investigations (calibration problems related to LST determination from Landsat imagery were evidenced), pave the way for a possible global service on SUHI monitoring, able to supply valuable indications to address an increasingly sustainable urban planning of our cities.
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| 29. |
- Ravanelli, R., et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring urban heat island through google earth engine : Potentialities and difficulties in different cities of the United States
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives. - : International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. ; , s. 1467-1472
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work is to exploit the large-scale analysis capabilities of the innovative Google Earth Engine platform in order to investigate the temporal variations of the Urban Heat Island phenomenon as a whole. A intuitive methodology implementing a large-scale correlation analysis between the Land Surface Temperature and Land Cover alterations was thus developed. The results obtained for the Phoenix MA are promising and show how the urbanization heavily affects the magnitude of the UHI effects with significant increases in LST. The proposed methodology is therefore able to efficiently monitor the UHI phenomenon.
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| 30. |
- Ankerst, J., et al.
(författare)
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Decreased responsiveness to immune complexes of granulocytes from patients with acute leukemia in remission demonstrated by microcalorimetry
- 1984
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Ingår i: Leukemia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2126. ; 8:6, s. 997-1002
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functional activity of granulocytes from healthy individuals and from patients with acute leukemia in remission was studied. The increase of heat production rate (metabolic activity) after stimulation of the blood cells with in vitro formed immune complexes was measured by microcalorimeters of heat conduction type. It was demonstrated that increased heat production rate after exposure to immune complexes was significantly lower (p<0.0005) in 9 patients with acute leukemia with a remission duration of less than 6 months than in 25 healthy volunteers.
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| 31. |
- Bacalini, MG, et al.
(författare)
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Association of rs3027178 polymorphism in the circadian clock gene PER1 with susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease and longevity in an Italian population
- 2022
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Ingår i: GeroScience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2509-2723 .- 2509-2715. ; 44:2, s. 881-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many physiological processes in the human body follow a 24-h circadian rhythm controlled by the circadian clock system. Light, sensed by retina, is the predominant “zeitgeber” able to synchronize the circadian rhythms to the light-dark cycles. Circadian rhythm dysfunction and sleep disorders have been associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the present study, we aimed at investigating the genetic variability of clock genes in AD patients compared to healthy controls from Italy. We also included a group of Italian centenarians, considered as super-controls in association studies given their extreme phenotype of successful aging. We analyzed the exon sequences of eighty-four genes related to circadian rhythms, and the most significant variants identified in this first discovery phase were further assessed in a larger independent cohort of AD patients by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The results identified a significant association between the rs3027178 polymorphism in the PER1 circadian gene with AD, the G allele being protective for AD. Interestingly, rs3027178 showed similar genotypic frequencies among AD patients and centenarians. These results collectively underline the relevance of circadian dysfunction in the predisposition to AD and contribute to the discussion on the role of the relationship between the genetics of age-related diseases and of longevity.
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| 32. |
- Bousquet, J. Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Next-generation ARIA care pathways for rhinitis and asthma : a model for multimorbid chronic diseases
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : BMC. - 2045-7022. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In all societies, the burden and cost of allergic and chronic respiratory diseases are increasing rapidly. Most economies are struggling to deliver modern health care effectively. There is a need to support the transformation of the health care system into integrated care with organizational health literacy.Main body: As an example for chronic disease care, MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK), a new project of the ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) initiative, and POLLAR (Impact of Air POLLution on Asthma and Rhinitis, EIT Health), in collaboration with professional and patient organizations in the field of allergy and airway diseases, are proposing real-life ICPs centred around the patient with rhinitis, and using mHealth to monitor environmental exposure. Three aspects of care pathways are being developed: (i) Patient participation, health literacy and self-care through technology-assisted "patient activation", (ii) Implementation of care pathways by pharmacists and (iii) Next-generation guidelines assessing the recommendations of GRADE guidelines in rhinitis and asthma using real-world evidence (RWE) obtained through mobile technology. The EU and global political agendas are of great importance in supporting the digital transformation of health and care, and MASK has been recognized by DG Sante as a Good Practice in the field of digitally-enabled, integrated, person-centred care.Conclusion: In 20 years, ARIA has considerably evolved from the first multimorbidity guideline in respiratory diseases to the digital transformation of health and care with a strong political involvement.
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| 33. |
- Cardoso, Evelin, et al.
(författare)
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A Heuristic Approach for the Design of UAV-Based Disaster Relief in Optical Metro Networks
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. - 2162-7339. - 9781728184234 ; 2020-July, s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a novel algorithm to dimension the backup elements in an optical metro network, by considering the adoption of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and wireless interfaces to realize backup wireless links. Our key idea is to efficiently find the set of node pairs that have to be connected by means of multi-hop UAV-based wireless links, which are selected based on the simulation of multiple disaster events. Results, obtained over a set of meaningful scenarios, demonstrate that our solution can greatly reduce the total installation costs compared to a naive approach, which is instead solely tailored to the restoration of the disrupted links in a given disaster scenario.
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| 34. |
- Cervero, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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Green Wired Networks
- 2015
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Ingår i: Large-scale Distributed Systems and Energy Efficiency. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781118981122 - 9781118864630 ; , s. 41-80
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter first highlights the significant energy consumption of existing wired communication networks. It considers various means of operating such networks more efficiently. Then, the chapter examines the components that make up a wired communications network and their differing characteristics between the access and core, as well as patterns of traffic behavior. The chapter focuses on static (network planning) and dynamic (traffic-engineering) schemes that can be used to reduce the energy consumption of networks. It also pays attention to a number of challenges/open research questions that need to be resolved before the implementation of such schemes. These include issues with migration and resilience. The chapter then deals with economic-, regulatory-, and business-related methods. Finally, it focuses on the architecture of communication networks and the corresponding relationship with energy usage.
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| 35. |
- Codenotti, S, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperactive Akt1 Signaling Increases Tumor Progression and DNA Repair in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma RD Line and Confers Susceptibility to Glycolysis and Mevalonate Pathway Inhibitors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4409. ; 11:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), elevated Akt signaling is associated with increased malignancy. Here, we report that expression of a constitutively active, myristoylated form of Akt1 (myrAkt1) in human RMS RD cells led to hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) pathway, resulting in the loss of both MyoD and myogenic capacity, and an increase of Ki67 expression due to high cell mitosis. MyrAkt1 signaling increased migratory and invasive cell traits, as detected by wound healing, zymography, and xenograft zebrafish assays, and promoted repair of DNA damage after radiotherapy and doxorubicin treatments, as revealed by nuclear detection of phosphorylated H2A histone family member X (γH2AX) through activation of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Treatment with synthetic inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt was sufficient to completely revert the aggressive cell phenotype, while the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin failed to block cell dissemination. Furthermore, we found that pronounced Akt1 signaling increased the susceptibility to cell apoptosis after treatments with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and lovastatin, enzymatic inhibitors of hexokinase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), especially in combination with radiotherapy and doxorubicin. In conclusion, these data suggest that restriction of glucose metabolism and the mevalonate pathway, in combination with standard therapy, may increase therapy success in RMS tumors characterized by a dysregulated Akt signaling.
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| 36. |
- da Silva, Aderson Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Surface-Altered Protonation Studied by Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Reactive Dynamics Simulations
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7185. ; 6:5, s. 807-811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extent to which functional groups are protonated at aqueous interfaces as compared to bulk is deemed essential to several areas in chemistry and biology. The origin of such changes has been the source of intense debate. We use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and all-atom reactive molecular dynamics simulations as two independent methods to probe, at the molecular scale, both bulk and surface distributions of protonated species of cysteine in an aqueous solution. We show that the distribution of the cysteine species at the surface is quite different from that in the bulk. We argue that this finding, however, cannot be simply related to a change in the extent of proton sharing between the two conjugate acid/base pairs that may occur between these two regions. The present theoretical simulations identify species at the surface that are not present in the bulk.
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| 37. |
- D'Assante, R., et al.
(författare)
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Myocardial expression of somatotropic axis, adrenergic signalling, and calcium handling genes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
- 2021
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Ingår i: Esc Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 2055-5822. ; 8:2, s. 1681-1686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Limited data are available regarding cardiac expression of molecules involved in heart failure (HF) pathophysiology. The majority of the studies have focused on end-stage HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) without comparison with healthy subjects, while no data are available with regard to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is a condition whose multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are still not fully defined, with many proposed hypotheses remaining speculative due to limited access to human heart tissue. This study aimed at evaluating cardiac expression levels of key genes of interest in human biopsy samples from patients affected with HFrEF and HFpEF in order to possibly point out distinct phenotypes. Methods and results Total RNA was extracted from left ventricular cardiac biopsies collected from stable patients with HFrEF (n = 6) and HFpEF (n = 7) and healthy subjects (n = 9) undergoing elective cardiac surgery for valvular replacement, mitral valvuloplasty, aortic surgery, or coronary artery bypass. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in somatotropic axis regulation [IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and GH receptor (GHR)], in adrenergic signalling (GRK2, GRK5, ADRB1, and ADRB2), in myocardial calcium handling (SERCA2), and in TNF-alpha. Patients with HFrEF and HFpEF showed reduced serum IGF-1 circulating levels when compared with controls (102 +/- 35.6, 138 +/- 11.5, and 160 +/- 13.2 ng/mL, P < 0.001, respectively). At myocardial level, HFrEF showed significant decreased GHR and increased IGF-1R expressions when compared with HFpEF and controls (0.54 +/- 0.27, 0.94 +/- 0.25, and 0.84 +/- 0.2, P < 0.05 and 1.52 +/- 0.9, 1.06 +/- 0.21, and 0.72 +/- 0.12, P < 0.05, respectively), while no differences in the local expression of IGF-1 mRNA were detected among the groups (0.80 +/- 0.45, 0.97 +/- 0.18, and 0.63 +/- 0.23, P = 0.09, respectively). With regard to calcium handling and adrenergic signalling, HFrEF displayed significant decreased levels of SERCA2 (0.19 +/- 0.39, 0.82 +/- 0.15, and 0.87 +/- 0.32, P < 0.01) and increased levels of GRK2 (3.45 +/- 2.94, 0.93 +/- 0.12, and 0.80 +/- 0.14, P < 0.01) and GRK5 (1.32 +/- 0.70, 0.71 +/- 0.14, and 0.77 +/- 0.15, P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found in ADRB1 (0.66 +/- 0.4, 0.83 +/- 0.3, and 0.86 +/- 0.4) and ADRB2 mRNA expression (0.65 +/- 0.3, 0.66 +/- 0.2, and 0.68 +/- 0.1) when compared with HFpEF and controls. Finally, no changes in the local expression of TNF-alpha were detected among groups. Conclusions Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and HFpEF patients with stable clinical condition display a distinct molecular milieu of genes involved in somatotropic axis regulation, calcium handling, and adrenergic derangement at a myocardial level. The unique opportunity to compare these results with a control group, as reference population, may contribute to better understand HF pathophysiology and to identify novel potential therapeutic targets that could be modulated to improve ventricular function in patients with HF.
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| 38. |
- Del Giudice, R, et al.
(författare)
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Autophagy Alteration in ApoA-I Related Systemic Amyloidosis
- 2022
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 23:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amyloidoses are characterized by the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded proteins into fibrils in different organs, leading to cell death and consequent organ dysfunction. The specific substitution of Leu 75 for Pro in Apolipoprotein A-I protein sequence (ApoA-I; L75P-ApoA-I) results in late onset amyloidosis, where deposition of extracellular protein aggregates damages the normal functions of the liver. In this work, we describe that the autophagic process is inhibited in the presence of the L75P-ApoA-I amyloidogenic variant in stably transfected human hepatocyte carcinoma cells. The L75P-ApoA-I amyloidogenic variant alters the redox status of the cells, resulting into excessive mitochondrial stress and consequent cell death. Moreover, L75P-ApoA-I induces an impairment of the autophagic flux. Pharmacological induction of autophagy or transfection-enforced overexpression of the pro-autophagic transcription factor EB (TFEB) restores proficient proteostasis and reduces oxidative stress in these experimental settings, suggesting that pharmacological stimulation of autophagy could be a promising target to alleviate ApoA-I amyloidosis.
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| 39. |
- Faldt, R., et al.
(författare)
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Heat production in different populations of human blood cells exposed to immune complexes in vitro : The importance of the Fc parts of immunoglobulins and the influence of active complement
- 1982
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Ingår i: Immunology. - 0019-2805. ; 46:1, s. 189-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By use of a batch microcalorimeter of the thermopile type, heat production was measured in isolated populations of human peripheral blood cells exposed to defined immune complexes formed in vitro. It was found that most of the heat production recorded in whole blood after admixture of immune complexes occurs in the granulocytes. Under these conditions small but constantly higher activation values were found in the absence of active complement. It was shown that complexes consisting of antigen and F(ab)2 fragments prepared from the specific antibodies were able to initiate heat production in the cells only in the presence of active complement. These experiments indicate that immune complexes are able to induce increased heat production in the cells either by binding to Fc receptors or by activation of complement through the alternative pathway and subsequent binding of the generated C3b to C3b receptors on the heat-producing cells.
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| 40. |
- Faldt, R., et al.
(författare)
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Heat production rate in polymorphonuclear granulocytes from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia and healthy individuals
- 1984
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 58:4, s. 671-678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat production rate in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) from 18 AML patients and 21 healthy individuals was measured using microcalorimetry. An increased PMN heat production rate was found in most AML patients at diagnosis and during the first 6 months of remission. In 7/7 patients showing values above the normal mean level the heat production rate decreased during sequential analysis. The increased PMN heat production rate is serum dependent and leukaemic sera induced increased calorimetric values also in PMN from healthy donors. This effect was not due to heat labile complement factors.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Kandoth, N., et al.
(författare)
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Two-photon fluorescence imaging and bimodal phototherapy of epidermal cancer cells with biocompatible self-assembled polymer nanoparticles
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 15:5, s. 1768-1776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed herein an engineered polymer-based nanoplatform showing the convergence of two-photon fluorescence imaging and bimodal phototherapeutic activity in a single nanostructure. It was achieved through the appropriate choice of three different components: a β-cyclodextrin-based polymer acting as a suitable carrier, a zinc phthalocyanine emitting red fluorescence simultaneously as being a singlet oxygen (1O2) photosensitizer, and a tailored nitroaniline derivative, functioning as a nitric oxide (NO) photodonor. The self-assembly of these components results in photoactivable nanoparticles, approximately 35 nm in diameter, coencapsulating a multifunctional cargo, which can be delivered to carcinoma cells. The combination of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic and photochemical techniques shows that the two photoresponsive guests do not interfere with each other while being enclosed in their supramolecular container and can thus be operated in parallel under control of light stimuli. Specifically, two-photon fluorescence microscopy allows mapping of the nanoassembly, here applied to epidermal cancer cells. By detecting the red emission from the phthalocyanine fluorophore it was also possible to investigate the tissue distribution after topical delivery onto human skin ex vivo. Irradiation of the nanoassembly with visible light triggers the simultaneous delivery of cytotoxic 1O 2 and NO, resulting in an amplified cell photomortality due to a combinatory effect of the two cytotoxic agents. The potential of dual therapeutic photodynamic action and two-photon fluorescence imaging capability in a single nanostructure make this system an appealing candidate for further studies in biomedical research. © 2014 American Chemical Society.
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| 43. |
- Kilper, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
INGR Roadmap
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2022 IEEE Future Networks World Forum, FNWF 2022.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical networks have long played a central role in telecommunication networks, forming the fiber backbone of the Internet. Over time fiber optic systems have evolved and found deployment increasingly closer to the network edge. Today, optical systems extend to the server network interface cards and home access networks. New application areas have emerged such as the use of free space communications using LiFi technologies, space communication networks between satellites and ground stations. Looking ahead, optical systems in many areas will continue to be driven by the need for higher speeds and capacity in order to keep up with traffic demands. In addition to faster interfaces speeds, parallel fiber or spatial division multiplexing will be used for future capacity growth. In several application areas, new functionality is expected such as low latency in Xhaul networks and optical switching and co-packaged optics in data centers. LiFi will become critical for mitigating RF interference for in-building networks. Intense research is underway to develop quantum networks to connect quantum computers. This general trend toward new functionalities for optical systems, moving beyond capacity growth in fiber networks, is driven in large part by the increasing performance and demands of today's user equipment and applications. From the network edge to the data centers, components are reliant on optics. The integration of optics into these new applications and the higher levels of functionality demanded of optics motivate the use of roadmaps to guide research and development and overcome future roadblocks.
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| 44. |
- Kilper, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Optics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2023 IEEE Future Networks World Forum: Future Networks: Imagining the Network of the Future, FNWF 2023.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical networks have long played a central role in telecommunication networks, forming the fiber backbone of the internet. Over time, fiber optic systems have evolved and found deployment increasingly closer to the network edge. Today, optical systems extend to the server network interface cards and home access networks. New application areas have emerged, such as the use of free space communications using LiFi technologies, space communication networks between satellites, and ground stations. Looking ahead, optical systems in many areas will continue to be driven by the need for higher speeds and capacity to keep up with traffic demands. In addition to faster interface speeds, parallel fibers or spatial division multiplexing will be used for future capacity growth. In several application areas, new functionality is expected, such as low latency in XHaul networks and optical switching and co-packaged optics in data centers. LiFi will become critical for mitigating RF interference for in-building networks. Intense research is underway to develop quantum networks to connect quantum computers. This general trend toward new functionalities for optical systems, moving beyond capacity growth in fiber networks, is driven in large part by the increasing performance and demands of today's user equipment and applications. From the network edge to the data centers, components are reliant on optics. However, many of these developments are occurring quite independently and this situation carries the risk of creating problems down the road when eventually all of these components need to be seamlessly connected to maximaze efficiency. Therefore, integration of optics into these new applications and the higher levels of functionality demanded of optics motivate the use of roadmaps to guide research and development to overcome future roadblocks.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Monti, Damien, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Ionic liquid based electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries: Na+ solvation and ionic conductivity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753. ; 245, s. 630-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ionic liquid (IL) based sodium-ion (Na+) battery electrolytes obtained by mixing imidazolium-TFSI ILs (EMIm-TFSI and BMIm-TFSI) with the corresponding sodium salt (NaTFSI) have been investigated using a wide range of characterization techniques: dielectric spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, densitometry, viscometry, and Raman spectroscopy. The sodium ion conducting electrolytes exhibit excellent ionic conductivities, up to 5.5 mS cm(-1) at room temperature, and a useful thermal window of -86 degrees C to 150 degrees C. In more detail, Raman data analysis supported by DFT calculations on Na+-TFSI complexes, allow us to determine the sodium ion solvation and charge carrier nature as a function of salt concentration. The results are compared to data for the corresponding Li systems and while such electrolytes essentially form [Li(TFSI)(2)](-) as the main Li+ carrier, the sodium systems seem to dominantly form [Na(TFSI)(3)](2-) complexes. The effects on conductivity and viscosity and the consequences for sodium-ion battery implementation are discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 50. |
- Monti, Damien, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Microwaves as a synthetic route for preparing electrochemically active TiO2 nanoparticles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0884-2914 .- 2044-5326. ; 28:3, s. 340-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanocrystalline anatase was synthesized, using both domestic and laboratory microwave ovens, from different precursors. Nanoparticulate anatase was obtained after microwave irradiation of tetra-butyl orthotitanate solution in benzyl alcohol. As-synthesized samples have orange color due to the presence of organics that were eliminated after annealing at 500 degrees C, whereas the size of small anatase nanocrystals (around 8 nm) was preserved. Other nanocrystalline anatase samples were obtained from hexafluorotitanate-organic salt ionic liquid-like precursors. In this case, use of a domestic microwave oven and very short processing times (1-3 min irradiation time) were involved. Good specific capacity values and capacity retention at high C rates for insertion/deinsertion of Li+ were recorded when testing such nanoparticles as electrode material in lithium cells. The electrochemical performances were found be strongly dependent on the phase composition, which in turn could be tuned through the synthetic procedure.
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