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| 8. |
- Abdulhamid, M. I., et al.
(författare)
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Azimuthal correlations of high transverse momentum jets at next-to-leading order in the parton branching method
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 82:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The azimuthal correlation, Δ ϕ12, of high transverse momentum jets in pp collisions at s=13 TeV is studied by applying PB-TMD distributions to NLO calculations via MCatNLO together with the PB-TMD parton shower. A very good description of the cross section as a function of Δ ϕ12 is observed. In the back-to-back region of Δ ϕ12→ π, a very good agreement is observed with the PB-TMD Set 2 distributions while significant deviations are obtained with the PB-TMD Set 1 distributions. Set 1 uses the evolution scale while Set 2 uses transverse momentum as an argument in αs, and the above observation therefore confirms the importance of an appropriate soft-gluon coupling in angular ordered parton evolution. The total uncertainties of the predictions are dominated by the scale uncertainties of the matrix element, while the uncertainties coming from the PB-TMDs and the corresponding PB-TMD shower are very small. The Δ ϕ12 measurements are also compared with predictions using MCatNLO together Pythia8, illustrating the importance of details of the parton shower evolution.
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| 9. |
- Pellissier, V., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Natura 2000 on nontarget bird and butterfly species based on citizen science data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Conservation Biology. - : Wiley. - 0888-8892 .- 1523-1739. ; 34:3, s. 666-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Union's Natura 2000 (N2000) is among the largest international networks of protected areas. One of its aims is to secure the status of a predetermined set of (targeted) bird and butterfly species. However, nontarget species may also benefit from N2000. We evaluated how the terrestrial component of this network affects the abundance of nontargeted, more common bird and butterfly species based on data from long-term volunteer-based monitoring programs in 9602 sites for birds and 2001 sites for butterflies. In almost half of the 155 bird species assessed, and particularly among woodland specialists, abundance increased (slope estimates ranged from 0.101 [SD 0.042] to 3.51 [SD 1.30]) as the proportion of landscape covered by N2000 sites increased. This positive relationship existed for 27 of the 104 butterfly species (estimates ranged from 0.382 [SD 0.163] to 4.28 [SD 0.768]), although most butterflies were generalists. For most species, when land-cover covariates were accounted for these positive relationships were not evident, meaning land cover may be a determinant of positive effects of the N2000 network. The increase in abundance as N2000 coverage increased correlated with the specialization index for birds, but not for butterflies. Although the N2000 network supports high abundance of a large spectrum of species, the low number of specialist butterflies with a positive association with the N2000 network shows the need to improve the habitat quality of N2000 sites that could harbor open-land butterfly specialists. For a better understanding of the processes involved, we advocate for standardized collection of data at N2000 sites.
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| 10. |
- Sarmiento Pico, Luis, et al.
(författare)
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Elucidating the nature of the proton radioactivity and branching ratio on the first proton emitter discovered 53mCo
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The observation of a weak proton-emission branch in the decay of the 3174keV 53mCo isomeric state marked the discovery of proton radioactivity in atomic nuclei in 1970. Here we show, based on the partial half-lives and the decay energies of the possible proton-emission branches, that the exceptionally high angular momentum barriers, lp = 9 and lp = 7, play a key role in hindering the proton radioactivity from 53mCo, making them very challenging to observe and calculate. Indeed, experiments had to wait decades for significant advances in accelerator facilities and multi-faceted state-of-the-art decay stations to gain full access to all observables. Combining data taken with the TASISpec decay station at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, and the ACTAR TPC device on LISE3 at GANIL, France, we measured their branching ratios as bp1 = 1.3(1)% and bp2 = 0.025(4)%. These results were compared to cutting-edge shell-model and barrier penetration calculations. This description reproduces the order of magnitude of the branching ratios and partial half-lives, despite their very small spectroscopic factors.
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- Giovinazzo, J., et al.
(författare)
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Proton 3D tracking and emission time from a short-lived isomer with ACTAR TPC
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 1042
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An experiment was conducted at the GANIL/LISE3 facility to produce the 10+ isomer of 54Ni and measure its proton radioactivity decay branches. The proton detection was achieved with the ACTAR TPC device that enabled the separation of the small signal of the emitted proton from the large signal of the implanted ion, while the decay half-life is of the order of 150 ns. From the measured data, the emitted proton track length and the decay time of the ion can be extracted simultaneously. The full proton radioactivity pattern could be established, with two emission branches and their relative branching ratio. Data processing and analysis that allowed to identify and separate the ion and the proton signals in order to reconstruct the particles trajectories and decay time are detailed. The evaluation of the detection efficiency for the proton radioactivity branches based on a full simulation is described.
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- van Kampen, A. M., et al.
(författare)
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Boson-jet and jet-jet azimuthal correlations at high transverse momenta
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Science. ; 414
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We discuss our recent results on azimuthal distributions in vector boson + jets and multi-jet production at the LHC, obtained from the matching of next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative matrix elements with transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton branching. We present a comparative analysis of boson-jet and jet-jet correlations in the back-to-back region, and a study of the theoretical systematic uncertainties associated with the matching scale in the cases of TMD and collinear parton showers.
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| 18. |
- Yang, H., et al.
(författare)
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Back-to-back azimuthal correlations in Z + jet events at high transverse momentum in the TMD parton branching method at next-to-leading order
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044 .- 1434-6052. ; 82:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Azimuthal correlations in Z + jet production at large transverse momenta are computed by matching Parton-Branching (PB) TMD parton distributions and showers with NLO calculations via MCatNLO. The predictions are compared with those for dijet production in the same kinematic range. The azimuthal correlations Δ ϕ between the Z boson and the leading jet are steeper compared to those in dijet production at transverse momenta O(100) GeV , while they become similar for very high transverse momenta O(1000) GeV . The different patterns of Z + jet and dijet azimuthal correlations can be used to search for potential factorization-breaking effects in the back-to-back region, which depend on the different color and spin structure of the final states and their interferences with the initial states. In order to investigate these effects experimentally, we propose to measure the ratio of the distributions in Δ ϕ for Z + jet- and multijet production at low and at high transverse momenta, and compare the results to predictions obtained assuming factorization. We examine the role of theoretical uncertainties by performing variations of the factorization scale, renormalization scale and matching scale. In particular, we present a comparative study of matching scale uncertainties in the cases of PB-TMD and collinear parton showers.
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| 19. |
- Dehdarirad, Tahereh, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying the reproducibility of scientometric analyses: a case study
- 2018
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Ingår i: 23rd international conference on science and technology indicators (STI 2018).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reproducibility of scientific articles and their findings has gained importance in the last years. Although most efforts have been made in biomedicine, health and psychology science, reproducibility is important and necessary in all the research fields. Thus, in this contribution an empirical evaluation of the reproducibility of scientometric studies was carried out. To do so, 285 articles published in the journal of Scientometrics in 2017 were examined in term of the following reproducibility artifacts: workflow, search strategy, database, software, the availability of the source code (where applicable) and the availability of the dataset. Our findings showed that whilst workflow and search strategy were well described in the majority of articles, the dataset used was shared by very few studies. The data was usually retrieved from the WoS and Scopus databases. Finally, a few articles shared the source code where ad-hoc software was used.
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| 20. |
- Latenstein, Anouk E. J., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Outcomes After Total Pancreatectomy A Prospective Multicenter Pan-European Snapshot Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of Surgery. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0003-4932 .- 1528-1140. ; 276:5, s. E536-E543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess outcomes among patients undergoing total pancreatectomy (TP) including predictors for complications and in-hospital mortality. Background: Current studies on TP mostly originate from high-volume centers and span long time periods and therefore may not reflect daily practice. Methods: This prospective pan-European snapshot study included patients who underwent elective (primary or completion) TP in 43 centers in 16 European countries (June 2018-June 2019). Subgroup analysis included cutoff values for annual volume of pancreatoduodenectomies (<60 vs >= 60). Predictors for major complications and in-hospital mortality were assessed in multivariable logistic regression. Results: In total, 277 patients underwent TP, mostly for malignant disease (73%). Major postoperative complications occurred in 70 patients (25%). Median hospital stay was 12 days (IQR 9-18) and 40 patients were readmitted (15%). In-hospital mortality was 5% and 90-day mortality 8%. In the subgroup analysis, in-hospital mortality was lower in patients operated in centers with >= 60 pancreatoduodenectomies compared <60 (4% vs 10%, P = 0.046). In multivariable analysis, annual volume <60 pancreatoduodenectomies (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.18-12.16, P = 0.026), age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14, P = 0.046), and estimated blood loss >= 2L (OR 11.89, 95% CI 2.64-53.61, P = 0.001) were associated with in-hospital mortality. ASA >= 3 (OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.56-5.26, P = 0.001) and estimated blood loss >= 2L (OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.25-9.90, P = 0.017) were associated with major complications. Conclusion: This pan-European prospective snapshot study found a 5% inhospital mortality after TP. The identified predictors for mortality, including low-volume centers, age, and increased blood loss, may be used to improve outcomes.
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| 21. |
- Luque-Moreno, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Reinforced Feedback in Virtual Environment for Plantar Flexor Poststroke Spasticity Reduction and Gait Function Improvement
- 2019
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Ingår i: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141. ; 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Ankle spasticity is a frequent phenomenon that limits functionality in poststroke patients. Objectives. Our aim was to determine if there was decreased spasticity in the ankle plantar flex (PF) muscles in the plegic lower extremity (LE) and improvement of gait function in stroke patients after traditional rehabilitation (TR) in combination with virtual reality with reinforced feedback, which is termed "reinforced feedback virtual environment" (RFVE). Methods. The evaluation, before and after treatment, of 10 hemiparetic patients was performed using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The intervention consisted of 1 hour/day of TR plus 1 hour/day of RFVE (5 days/week for 3 weeks; 15 sessions in total). Results. The MAS and FAC reached statistical significance (Pamp;lt;0.05). The changes in the FIM did not reach statistical significance (P=0.066). The analysis between the ischemic and haemorrhagic patients showed significant differences in favour of the haemorrhagic group in the FIM scale. A significant correlation between the FAC and the months after the stroke was established (P=-0.711). Indeed, patients who most increased their score on the FAC at the end of treatment were those who started the treatment earliest after stroke. Conclusions. The combined treatment of TR and RFVE showed encouraging results regarding the reduction of spasticity and improvement of gait function. An early commencement of the treatment seems to be ideal, and future research should increase the sample size and assessment tools.
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| 22. |
- Maastrup, Ragnhild, et al.
(författare)
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Compliance with the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Wards (Neo-BFHI) : A cross-sectional study in 36 countries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Maternal and Child Nutrition. - : Blackwell Science Ltd.. - 1740-8695 .- 1740-8709. ; 15:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2012, the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative for Neonatal Wards (Neo-BFHI) began providing recommendations to improve breastfeeding support for preterm and ill infants. This cross-sectional survey aimed to measure compliance on a global level with the Neo-BFHI’s expanded Ten steps to Successful Breastfeeding and three Guiding Principles in neonatal wards. In 2017 the Neo-BFHI Self-Assessment questionnaire was used in 15 languages to collect data from neonatal wards of all levels of care. Answers were summarized into compliance scores ranging from 0 to 100 at the ward, country and international levels. A total of 917 neonatal wards from 36 low, middle and high-income countries from all continents participated. The median international overall score was 77, and median country overall scores ranged from 52 to 91. Guiding Principle 1 (respect for mothers), Step 5 (breastfeeding initiation and support), and Step 6 (human milk use) had the highest scores, 100, 88, and 88, respectively. Steps 3 (antenatal information) and 7 (rooming-in) had the lowest scores, 63 and 67, respectively. High-income countries had significantly higher scores for Guiding principle 2 (family-centered care), Step 4 (skin-to-skin contact) and Step 5. Neonatal wards in hospitals ever-designated Baby-friendly had significantly higher scores than those never designated. Sixty percent of managers stated they would like to obtain Neo-BFHI designation. Currently, Neo-BFHI recommendations are partly implemented in many countries. The high number of participating wards indicates international readiness to expand Baby-friendly standards to neonatal settings. Hospitals and governments should increase their efforts to better support breastfeeding in neonatal wards.
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| 23. |
- Sigmundsson, Kristmundur, et al.
(författare)
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Culturing functional pancreatic islets on α5-laminins and curative transplantation to diabetic mice.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Matrix Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0945-053X .- 1569-1802. ; 70, s. 5-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of islet transplantation for diabetes treatment suffers from lack of cadaver-derived islets, islet necrosis and long transfer times prior to transplantation. Here, we developed a method for culturing mouse and human islets in vitro on α5-laminins, which are natural components of islet basement membranes. Adhering islets spread to form layers of 1-3 cells in thickness and remained normoxic and functional for at least 7 days in culture. In contrast, spherical islets kept in suspension developed hypoxia and central necrosis within 16 h. Transplantation of 110-150 mouse islets cultured on α5-laminin-coated polydimethylsiloxane membranes for 3-7 days normalized blood glucose already within 3 days in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. RNA-sequencing of isolated and cultured mouse islets provided further evidence for the adhesion and spreading achieved with α5-laminin. Our results suggest that use of such in vitro expanded islets may significantly enhance the efficacy of islet transplantation treatment for diabetes.
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- Tjin, MS, et al.
(författare)
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Biologically relevant laminin as chemically defined and fully human platform for human epidermal keratinocyte culture
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9:1, s. 4432-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current expansion of autologous human keratinocytes to resurface severe wound defects still relies on murine feeder layer and calf serum in the cell culture system. Through our characterization efforts of the human skin basement membrane and murine feeder layer 3T3-J2, we identified two biologically relevant recombinant laminins—LN-511 and LN-421- as potential candidates to replace the murine feeder. Herein, we report a completely xeno-free and defined culture system utilizing these laminins which enables robust expansion of adult human skin keratinocytes. We demonstrate that our laminin system is comparable to the 3T3-J2 co-culture system in terms of basal markers’ profile, colony-forming efficiency and the ability to form normal stratified epidermal structure in both in vitro and in vivo models. These results show that the proposed system may not only provide safer keratinocyte use in the clinics, but also facilitate the broader use of other cultured human epithelial cells in regenerative medicine.
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- Zarzoura, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation into reducing anthropomorphic hand degrees of freedom while maintaining human hand grasping functions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part H, journal of engineering in medicine. - London, UK : Sage Publications. - 0954-4119 .- 2041-3033. ; 233:2, s. 279-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Underactuation is widely used when designing anthropomorphic hand, which involves fewer degrees of actuation than degrees of freedom. However, the similarities between coordinated joint movements and movement variances across different grasp tasks have not been suitably examined. This work suggests a systematic approach to identify the actuation strategy with the minimum number for degrees of actuation for anthropomorphic hands. This work evaluates the correlations of coordinated movements in human hands during 23 grasp tasks to suggest actuation strategies for anthropomorphic hands. Our approach proceeds as follows: first, we find the best description for each coordinated joint movement in each grasp task by using multiple linear regression; then, based on the similarities between joint movements, we classify hand joints into groups by using hierarchical cluster analysis; finally, we reduce the dimensionality of each group of joints by employing principal components analysis. The metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints have the best and most consistent description of their coordinated movements across all grasp tasks. The thumb metacarpophalangeal and abduction/adduction between the ring and little fingers exhibit relatively high independence of movement. The distal interphalangeal joints show a high degree of independent movement but not for all grasp tasks. Analysis of the results indicates that for the distal interphalangeal joints, their coordinated movements are better explained when all fingers wrap around the object. Our approach fails to provide more information for the other joints. We conclude that 19 degrees of freedom for an anthropomorphic hand can be reduced to 13 degrees of actuation distributed between six groups of joints. The number of degrees of actuation can be further reduced to six by relaxing the dimensionality reduction criteria. Other resolutions are as follows: (a) the joint coupling scheme should be joint-based rather than finger-based and (b) hand designs may need to include finger abduction/adduction movements.
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