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- Arndt, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2017
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 99:8, s. S1-S310
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Arheimer, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN a Global world (HELPING)
- 2024
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new scientific decade (2023-2032) of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) aims at searching for sustainable solutions to undesired water conditions - may it be too little, too much or too polluted. Many of the current issues originate from global change, while solutions to problems must embrace local understanding and context. The decade will explore the current water crises by searching for actionable knowledge within three themes: global and local interactions, sustainable solutions and innovative cross-cutting methods. We capitalise on previous IAHS Scientific Decades shaping a trilogy; from Hydrological Predictions (PUB) to Change and Interdisciplinarity (Panta Rhei) to Solutions (HELPING). The vision is to solve fundamental water-related environmental and societal problems by engaging with other disciplines and local stakeholders. The decade endorses mutual learning and co-creation to progress towards UN sustainable development goals. Hence, HELPING is a vehicle for putting science in action, driven by scientists working on local hydrology in coordination with local, regional, and global processes.
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| 6. |
- Figueroa, D., et al.
(författare)
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Return to sport soccer after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: ISAKOS consensus
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of ISAKOS. - : Elsevier BV. - 2059-7754. ; 7:6, s. 150-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Many factors can affect the return to pivoting sports, after an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Prehabilitation, rehabilitation, surgical and psychological aspects play an essential role in the decision to return to sports. The purpose of this study is to reach an international consensus about the best conditions for returning to sports in soccer—one of the most demanding level I pivoting sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods: 34 International experts in the management of ACL injuries, representing all the Continents were convened and participated in a process based on the Delphi method to achieve a consensus. 37 statements related to ACL reconstruction were reviewed by the experts in three rounds of surveys in complete anonymity. The statements were prepared by the working group based on previous literature or systematic reviews. Rating agreement through a Likert Scale: strongly agree, agree, neither agree or disagree, disagree and strongly disagree was used. To define consensus, it was established that the assertions should achieve a 75% of agreement or disagreement. Results: Of the 37 statements, 10 achieved unanimous consensus, 18 non-unanimous consensus and 9 did not achieve consensus. In the preoperative, the correction of the range of motion deficit, the previous high level of participation in sports and a better knowledge of the injury by the patient and compliance to participate in Rehabilitation were the statements that reached unanimous consensus. During the surgery, the treatment of associated injuries, as well as the use of autografts, and the addition of a lateral extra-articular tenodesis in some particular cases (active young athletes, <25 years old, hyperlaxity, high rotatory laxity and revision cases) obtained also 100% consensus. In the postoperative period, psychological readiness and its validation with scales, adequate physical preparation, as well as not basing the RTSS purely on the time of evolution after surgery, were the factors that reached unanimous Consensus. Conclusions: The consensus statements derived from this international ISAKOS leaders, may assist clinicians in deciding when to return to sports soccer in patients after an ACL reconstruction. Those statements that reached 100% consensus have to be strongly considered in the final decision to RTS soccer. © 2022 The Authors
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| 7. |
- Adamo, Christin S., et al.
(författare)
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EMILIN1 deficiency causes arterial tortuosity with osteopenia and connects impaired elastogenesis with defective collagen fibrillogenesis
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297. ; 109:12, s. 2230-2252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EMILIN1 (elastin-microfibril-interface-located-protein-1) is a structural component of the elastic fiber network and localizes to the interface between the fibrillin microfibril scaffold and the elastin core. How EMILIN1 contributes to connective tissue integrity is not fully understood. Here, we report bi-allelic EMILIN1 loss-of-function variants causative for an entity combining cutis laxa, arterial tortuosity, aneurysm formation, and bone fragility, resembling autosomal-recessive cutis laxa type 1B, due to EFEMP2 (FBLN4) deficiency. In both humans and mice, absence of EMILIN1 impairs EFEMP2 extracellular matrix deposition and LOX activity resulting in impaired elastogenesis, reduced collagen crosslinking, and aberrant growth factor signaling. Collagen fiber ultrastructure and histopathology in EMILIN1- or EFEMP2-deficient skin and aorta corroborate these findings and murine Emilin1-/- femora show abnormal trabecular bone formation and strength. Altogether, EMILIN1 connects elastic fiber network with collagen fibril formation, relevant for both bone and vascular tissue homeostasis.
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- Bravo-Mosquera, P. D., et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual design and CFD analysis of a new prototype of agricultural aircraft
- 2018
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Ingår i: Aerospace Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1270-9638 .- 1626-3219. ; 80, s. 156-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the agricultural aviation, there are several aerodynamic factors that must be optimized in order to contribute to the successful application of agricultural products, such as the high aerodynamic efficiency (L/D) required at the working phase and the influence of aircraft wingtip phenomena on the spray deposition and movement. For these reasons, in this research is presented the conceptual design of an advanced prototype of agricultural aircraft, whose main characteristic is an adaptive multi-winglet device installed on the wingtips, which optimized the main aerodynamic issues presented in its mission. Traditional aircraft design methods were used to develop and assess the suitability of the aircraft, focusing on its design requirements and tackling studies of weight sizing, pilot ergonomics, aerodynamics, stability, and performance. Subsequently, analytical and computational methods were used to design the adaptive multi-winglet device, which is composed by three winglets with its own geometry fitted on a tip-tank. Six configurations were created by modifying only the cant angle of each winglet in order to determine the arrangement that provides the best aerodynamic characteristics through a study of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using the Reynolds–Averaged–Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model. First, the flow around the wing and the multi-winglet section of the aircraft was investigated exclusively. Afterward, the airflow around the entire aircraft was studied at the product application condition, in order to compare the overall aerodynamic performance of the baseline concept along with the optimal multi-winglet configuration installed on the aircraft. Lift, drag and pitching moment coefficients were assessed, as well as the wingtip vortex structure of the most relevant configurations. Results of this study showed that adaptive multi-winglet devices are a promising alternative to improve the overall performance of an agricultural aircraft, because they provide control over the size and strength of the wake-spray interaction on the sprayed product, reduce the induced drag, reduce the bending moment and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the aircraft.
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| 11. |
- De Rosa, G., et al.
(författare)
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Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Five Bright Seyfert 1 Galaxies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 866:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the first results from a reverberation-mapping campaign undertaken during the first half of 2012, with additional data on one active galactic nucleus (AGN) (NGC 3227) from a 2014 campaign. Our main goals are (1) to determine the black hole masses from continuum-H beta reverberation signatures, and (2) to look for velocity-dependent time delays that might be indicators of the gross kinematics of the broad-line region. We successfully measure H beta time delays and black hole masses for five AGNs, four of which have previous reverberation mass measurements. The values measured here are in agreement with earlier estimates, though there is some intrinsic scatter beyond the formal measurement errors. We observe velocity-dependent H beta lags in each case, and find that the patterns have changed in the intervening five years for three AGNs that were also observed in 2007.
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| 12. |
- Demichelis, F., et al.
(författare)
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TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion associated with lethal prostate cancer in a watchful waiting cohort
- 2007
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - Basingstoke : Nature Publ. Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 26:31, s. 4596-4599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identification of the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion in prostate cancer suggests that distinct molecular subtypes may define risk for disease progression. In surgical series, TMPRSS2:ERG fusion was identified in 50% of the tumors. Here, we report on a population-based cohort of men with localized prostate cancers followed by expectant (watchful waiting) therapy with 15% (17/111) TMPRSS2:ERG fusion. We identified a statistically significant association between TMPRSS2:ERG fusion and prostate cancer specific death (cumulative incidence ratio=2.7, P<0.01, 95% confidence interval=1.3–5.8). Quantitative reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction demonstrated high estrogen-regulated gene (ERG) expression to be associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (P<0.005). These data suggest that TMPRSS2:ERG fusion prostate cancers may have a more aggressive phenotype, possibly mediated through increased ERG expression.
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| 13. |
- Mosquera, Katherine D., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative assessment of the bacterial communities associated with Anopheles darlingi immature stages and their breeding sites in the Brazilian Amazon
- 2023
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Ingår i: Parasites and Vectors. - : Springer Nature. - 1756-3305. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The neotropical anopheline mosquito Anopheles darlingi is a major malaria vector in the Americas. Studies on mosquito-associated microbiota have shown that symbiotic bacteria play a major role in host biology. Mosquitoes acquire and transmit microorganisms over their life cycle. Specifically, the microbiota of immature forms is largely acquired from their aquatic environment. Therefore, our study aimed to describe the microbial communities associated with An. darlingi immature forms and their breeding sites in the Coari municipality, Brazilian Amazon. Methods: Larvae, pupae, and breeding water were collected in two different geographical locations. Samples were submitted for DNA extraction and high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted. Microbial ecology analyses were performed to explore and compare the bacterial profiles of An. darlingi and their aquatic habitats. Results: We found lower richness and diversity in An. darlingi microbiota than in water samples, which suggests that larvae are colonized by a subset of the bacterial community present in their breeding sites. Moreover, the bacterial community composition of the immature mosquitoes and their breeding water differed according to their collection sites, i.e., the microbiota associated with An. darlingi reflected that in the aquatic habitats where they developed. The three most abundant bacterial classes across the An. darlingi samples were Betaproteobacteria, Clostridia, and Gammaproteobacteria, while across the water samples they were Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, and Alphaproteobacteria. Conclusions: Our findings reinforce the current evidence that the environment strongly shapes the composition and diversity of mosquito microbiota. A better understanding of mosquito–microbe interactions will contribute to identifying microbial candidates impacting host fitness and disease transmission. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 14. |
- Palomino-Ángel, S., et al.
(författare)
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Retrieval of Simultaneous Water-Level Changes in Small Lakes With InSAR
- 2022
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 49:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monitoring water level changes is necessary to manage, conserve and restore natural, and anthropogenic lake systems. However, the in-situ monitoring of lake systems is unfeasible due to limitations of costs and access. Furthermore, current remote sensing methods are restricted to large lakes and low spatial resolutions. We develop a novel approach using subsequential pixel-wise observations of the Sentinel-1B sensor based on interferometric synthetic aperture radar to detect water level changes in small lakes. We used 24 small ungauged lakes of the Cajas Massif lake system in Ecuador for development and validation. We found Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR)-derived water level changes across lakes to be consistent with precipitation, capturing the peak of the wet seasons. Furthermore, accumulated water level changes could be explained by differences in lake area among lakes. Although with limitations, this study shows the underutilized potential of DInSAR to understand water level changes in small lakes with current radar data availability.
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