| 1. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for colocalization of glucocorticoid receptor with cytoplasmic microtubules in human gingival fibroblasts, using two different monoclonal anti-GR antibodies, confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-0760 .- 1879-1220. ; 39:4A, s. 419-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cellular distribution of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in relation to the microtubule protein tubulin was studied in human gingival fibroblasts, using two different anti-GR antibodies of different Ig-classes, by indirect immunofluorescence immunocytology. Further studies were performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and digital image analysis. The study focused on fluorochrome separation, optical sectioning, digital subtraction techniques and reconstruction of projections obtained using stacks of recorded transversal sections. The data presented further strengthens the notion of a structural colocalization between GR and cytoplasmic microtubules in human fibroblasts.
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| 2. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for reversible, non-microtubule and non-microfilament-dependent nuclear translocation of hsp90 after heat shock in human fibroblasts
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cell Biology. - 0171-9335 .- 1618-1298. ; 58:2, s. 356-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A monoclonal antibody (29A) directed against rat liver heat shock protein M(r) 90,000 (hsp90) was produced. By Western immunoblotting of cytosols prepared from several different tissues and species, 29A was shown to specifically recognize only one band with M(r) approximately 90,000. Localization of hsp90 in human gingival fibroblasts was studied using the 29A antibody by indirect mono- and double-staining immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The distribution was compared to that of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and various cytoskeletal structures. Cells were analyzed in interphase and mitosis under basal culture conditions, after heat shock and after microtubule and microfilament depolymerization, sometimes combined with heat shock. A major part of hsp90 immunoreactivity was diffusely distributed throughout the interphase cytoplasm, but a weak nuclear staining with non-stained nucleoli was also present, however, only detectable after methanol and not after formaldehyde/Triton X-100 fixation. Heat shock induced a time-dependent translocation of hsp90 from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus reaching a plateau after 15 h. This compartment shift was reversible and also occurred in the absence of intact microtubules or intact microfilaments.
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| 3. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Morphometric studies of the localization of the glucocorticoid receptor in mammalian cells and of glucocorticoid hormone-induced effects
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-1554 .- 1551-5044. ; 42:5, s. 645-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the subcellular distribution of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) by light microscopy (LM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in different mammalian cell types. The effect of added glucocorticoid hormones on GR distribution was investigated by photometric quantitation on optical sections obtained by CLSM followed by statistical analysis. In the control interphase cytoplasm, the distribution of GR was fibrillar in some and diffuse in other cell types. Fibrillar GR was distributed along cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs) with predilection for a subset of MTs. GR was also observed in the centrosomes. Nuclear GR was both diffuse and granular in distribution. During cell division, GR appeared in the mitotic apparatus at all stages of mitosis. These findings were not fixation-dependent. Glucocorticoid treatment increased both the nuclear and cytoplasmic GR signal. However, this was detectable only after precipitating but not cross-linking fixation. There was both intra- and intercellular GR heterogeneity in the absence and presence of hormone but no indication of a hormone-induced nuclear translocation of GR. We present a hypothetical model of two independent GR populations in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively, without any discernible ligand-induced nuclear translocation of GR. The extranuclear GR population may exert effect(s) on site in the cytoplasm without involving nuclear genomic transcription.
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| 4. |
- ERICSSON, CH, et al.
(författare)
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Repeatability of airway deposition and tracheobronchial clearance rate over three days in chronic bronchitis
- 1995
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 8:11, s. 1886-1893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous investigations on tracheobronchial clearance in chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have usually referred to measurements during a short time-period, i.e. a few hours. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to study regional particle deposition and tracheobronchial clearance during 72 h. In 14 patients with chronic bronchitis clearance of 111In-labelled 3.6 micrograms Teflon particles and lung function were measured on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. Lung retention of test particles was measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h using a profile scanner. The weight of expectorated sputum samples was measured after the two clearance measurements. The particle retentions at all time-points were reproducible, as seen from the two measurements ( r > 0.90). The fast clearance phase was completed within 72 h. No correlation between sputum volume and clearance was seen. There was a significant negative correlation between airway resistance and the 72 h retention (r= -0.66), and an even better correlation between specific airway resistance and the 72 h retention (r = -0.82), indicating more central deposition in obstructed airways. There was no significant correlation between lung function tests reflecting smaller airways and the 72 h retentions. Deposition data agreed well with theoretical calculations and experimental data in healthy subjects. In spite of earlier findings that mucociliary transport is usually severely impaired in chronic bronchitis and COPD, the present results indicate that overall tracheobronchial mucus clearance in these patients is fairly effective, probably due to a productive cough. Alveolar deposition may be estimated by measurements of the 72 h retention in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The 72 h retention is dependent mainly on the calibre of larger airways. The present method of studying airway clearance during 3 days is highly reproducible.
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| 7. |
- Mossberg, Magnus, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Fast estimators for large-scale fading channels from irregularly sampled data
- 2006
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - Karlstad Univ, Dept Elect Engn, SE-65188 Karlstad, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Dept Syst & Control, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. Karlstad Univ, Dept Math, SE-65188 Karlstad, Sweden.. - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 54:7, s. 2803-2808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of estimating the power attenuation dynamics for large-scale lognormal fading channels in wireless communication systems, when the model is described as a mean reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, is studied in the paper. Fast and accurate estimators for the model parameters from irregularly sampled data are suggested for both offline and online applications. The Cramer-Rao bound for the estimation of the model parameters is derived, and the qualities of the proposed estimators are evaluated with respect to the bound.
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| 8. |
- Mossberg, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term fading channel estimation from sample covariances
- 2009
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Ingår i: Automatica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-1098 .- 1873-2836. ; 45:5, s. 1126-1133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The power attenuation dynamics for long-term log-normal fading channels in wireless communication systems is modeled by a stochastic differential equation. Estimators for the model parameters based on sample covariances from data corrupted by discrete-time measurement noise are given. It is shown that the estimators are consistent, and variance expressions are derived and compared numerically to the Cramér–Rao bound. The estimation of the model parameters allows for the design of power control algorithms.
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| 12. |
- Håkansson, Anders P, et al.
(författare)
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A folding variant of alpha-lactalbumin with bactericidal activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae
- 2000
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Ingår i: Molecular Microbiology. - : Wiley. - 0950-382X .- 1365-2958. ; 35:3, s. 589-600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes an alpha-lactalbumin folding variant from human milk with bactericidal activity against antibiotic-resistant and -susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The active complex precipitated with the casein fraction at pH 4.6 and was purified from casein by a combination of anion exchange and gel chromatography. Unlike other casein components, the active complex was retained on the ion-exchange matrix and eluted only with high salt. The eluted fraction showed N-terminal and mass spectrometric identity with human milk alpha-lactalbumin, but native alpha-lactalbumin had no bactericidal effect. Spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that the active form of the molecule was in a different folding state, with secondary structure identical to alpha-lactalbumin from human milk whey, but fluctuating tertiary structure. Native alpha-lactalbumin could be converted to the active bactericidal form by ion-exchange chromatography in the presence of a cofactor from human milk casein, characterized as a C18:1 fatty acid. Analysis of the antibacterial spectrum showed selectivity for streptococci; Gram-negative and other Gram-positive bacteria were resistant. The folding variant of alpha-lactalbumin is a new example of naturally occurring molecules with antimicrobial activity.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Karpman, Diana, et al.
(författare)
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Complement Interactions with Blood Cells, Endothelial Cells and Microvesicles in Thrombotic and Inflammatory Conditions.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 0065-2598. - 9783319186023 ; 865, s. 19-42
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complement system is activated in the vasculature during thrombotic and inflammatory conditions. Activation may be associated with chronic inflammation on the endothelial surface leading to complement deposition. Complement mutations allow uninhibited complement activation to occur on platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and aggregates thereof, as well as on red blood cells and endothelial cells. Furthermore, complement activation on the cells leads to the shedding of cell derived-microvesicles that may express complement and tissue factor thus promoting inflammation and thrombosis. Complement deposition on red blood cells triggers hemolysis and the release of red blood cell-derived microvesicles that are prothrombotic. Microvesicles are small membrane vesicles ranging from 0.1 to 1 μm, shed by cells during activation, injury and/or apoptosis that express components of the parent cell. Microvesicles are released during inflammatory and vascular conditions. The repertoire of inflammatory markers on endothelial cell-derived microvesicles shed during inflammation is large and includes complement. These circulating microvesicles may reflect the ongoing inflammatory process but may also contribute to its propagation. This overview will describe complement activation on blood and endothelial cells and the release of microvesicles from these cells during hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and vasculitis, clinical conditions associated with enhanced thrombosis and inflammation.
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| 15. |
- Larsson, Erik K., et al.
(författare)
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An overview of important practical aspects of continuous-time ARMA system identification
- 2006
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Ingår i: Circuits, systems, and signal processing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0278-081X .- 1531-5878. ; 25:1, s. 17-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of estimating the parameters in continuous-time autoregressive moving average (ARMA) processes from discrete-time data is considered. Both direct and indirect methods are studied, and similarities and differences are discussed. A general discussion of the inherent difficulties of the problem is given together with a comprehensive study on how the choice of the sampling interval influences the estimation result. A special focus is given to how the Cramer-Rao lower bound depends on the sampling interval.
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| 26. |
- Mahata, K., et al.
(författare)
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On the use of flexural wave propagation experiments for identification of complex modulus
- 2003
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology. - : IEEE. - 1063-6536 .- 1558-0865. ; 11:6, s. 863-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate the nonparametric estimation of the frequency dependent complex modulus of a viscoelastic material. The strains due to flexural wave propagation in a bar specimen are registered at different cross sections. The time domain data is transformed into frequency domain using discrete Fourier transform and a nonlinear least squares algorithm is then employed to estimate the complex modulus at each frequency. Inherent numerical problems due to associated ill-conditioned matrices are treated with special care. An analysis of the quality of the nonlinear least squares estimate is also carried out. The validity of the theoretical results are confirmed by numerical studies and experimental tests
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| 32. |
- Pettersson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Can misfolded proteins be beneficial? The HAMLET case.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annals of Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1365-2060 .- 0785-3890. ; 41, s. 162-176
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- By changing the three-dimensional structure, a protein can attain new functions, distinct from those of the native protein. Amyloid-forming proteins are one example, in which conformational change may lead to fibril formation and, in many cases, neurodegenerative disease. We have proposed that partial unfolding provides a mechanism to generate new and useful functional variants from a given polypeptide chain. Here we present HAMLET (Human Alpha-lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumor cells) as an example where partial unfolding and the incorporation of cofactor create a complex with new, beneficial properties. Native alpha-lactalbumin functions as a substrate specifier in lactose synthesis, but when partially unfolded the protein binds oleic acid and forms the tumoricidal HAMLET complex. When the properties of HAMLET were first described they were surprising, as protein folding intermediates and especially amyloid-forming protein intermediates had been regarded as toxic conformations, but since then structural studies have supported functional diversity arising from a change in fold. The properties of HAMLET suggest a mechanism of structure-function variation, which might help the limited number of human protein genes to generate sufficient structural diversity to meet the diverse functional demands of complex organisms.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Sandvik, U., et al.
(författare)
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Does experience affect physicians’ attitude towards assisted suicide? A snapshot of Swedish doctors’ opinions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ethics, Medicine, and Public Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-5525 .- 2352-5533. ; 24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionAssisted dying is a current and controversial topic that seems to be gaining more support among both physicians as well as the general public. This paper aims to provide a snapshot of Swedish physicians’ opinions regarding AS, including their opinion concerning experience and to evaluate whether a correlation between opinion and experience exists.Material and methodsA poll was conducted through a panel of members of the Swedish Medical Association. The panel is representative of the association's members regarding age and gender.ResultsThe response rate was 49% Of the respondents 41% stated that AS and/or euthanasia should be legalized. Doctors with great experience in working with dying patients express most strongly against AS and/or euthanasia. More than half of the respondents (54%) stated that AS if it would be legal, should be performed within specific health care units. Approximately the same proportion (48%) were willing to write a statement on health status, knowing that it would be used in decisions regarding AS. Similarly, 44% could not consider performing AS and 27% were indecisive on the question. A majority (41%) thought that a physician should be responsible for approving applications for AS.DiscussionA few more physicians express a positive attitude toward AS than against it, but many cannot express a certain opinion. In our material, no side in the “debate” for or against AS reaches the majority. The most junior physicians are the most uncertain ones.
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| 37. |
- Söderström, Torsten, et al.
(författare)
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Approaches for Continuous-Time Modeling in Errors-in-Variables Identification
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Continuous-time identification is applied to an errors-in-variables setting. A continuous-time model is fitted to data consisting of discrete-time noise corrupted input and output measurements. The noise-free input is modelled as a continuous-time ARMA process. It is described how the Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimation problem can be computed. Several parameter estimation approaches for the problem are presented, and also illustrated in a short numerical study.
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