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- Chatzikonstantinou, T, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with CLL: an update of the international ERIC and Campus CLL study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 35:12, s. 3444-3454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may be more susceptible to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to age, disease, and treatment-related immunosuppression. We aimed to assess risk factors of outcome and elucidate the impact of CLL-directed treatments on the course of COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective, international study, collectively including 941 patients with CLL and confirmed COVID-19. Data from the beginning of the pandemic until March 16, 2021, were collected from 91 centers. The risk factors of case fatality rate (CFR), disease severity, and overall survival (OS) were investigated. OS analysis was restricted to patients with severe COVID-19 (definition: hospitalization with need of oxygen or admission into an intensive care unit). CFR in patients with severe COVID-19 was 38.4%. OS was inferior for patients in all treatment categories compared to untreated (p < 0.001). Untreated patients had a lower risk of death (HR = 0.54, 95% CI:0.41–0.72). The risk of death was higher for older patients and those suffering from cardiac failure (HR = 1.03, 95% CI:1.02–1.04; HR = 1.79, 95% CI:1.04–3.07, respectively). Age, CLL-directed treatment, and cardiac failure were significant risk factors of OS. Untreated patients had a better chance of survival than those on treatment or recently treated.
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| 2. |
- Dore, R, et al.
(författare)
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Nesfatin-1 decreases the motivational and rewarding value of food
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1740-634X. ; 45:1110, s. 1645-1655
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Homeostatic and hedonic pathways distinctly interact to control food intake. Dysregulations of circuitries controlling hedonic feeding may disrupt homeostatic mechanisms and lead to eating disorders. The anorexigenic peptides nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2)/nesfatin-1 may be involved in the interaction of these pathways. The endogenous levels of this peptide are regulated by the feeding state, with reduced levels following fasting and normalized by refeeding. The fasting state is associated with biochemical and behavioral adaptations ultimately leading to enhanced sensitization of reward circuitries towards food reward. Although NUCB2/nesfatin-1 is expressed in reward-related brain areas, its role in regulating motivation and preference for nutrients has not yet been investigated. We here report that both dopamine and GABA neurons express NUCB2/nesfatin-1 in the VTA. Ex vivo electrophysiological recordings show that nesfatin-1 hyperpolarizes dopamine, but not GABA, neurons of the VTA by inducing an outward potassium current. In vivo, central administration of nesfatin-1 reduces motivation for food reward in a high-effort condition, sucrose intake and preference. We next adopted a 2-bottle choice procedure, whereby the reward value of sucrose was compared with that of a reference stimulus (sucralose + optogenetic stimulation of VTA dopamine neurons) and found that nesfatin-1 fully abolishes the fasting-induced increase in the reward value of sucrose. These findings indicate that nesfatin-1 reduces energy intake by negatively modulating dopaminergic neuron activity and, in turn, hedonic aspects of food intake. Since nesfatin-1´s actions are preserved in conditions of leptin resistance, the present findings render the NUCB2/nesfatin-1 system an appealing target for the development of novel therapeutical treatments towards obesity.
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