| 1. |
- Gilbert, F., et al.
(författare)
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Sediment reworking by the burrowing polychaete Hediste diversicolor modulated by environmental and biological factors across the temperate North Atlantic. A tribute to Gaston Desrosiers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0981. ; 541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Particle mixing and irrigation of the seabed by benthic fauna (bioturbation) have major impacts on ecosystem functions such as remineralization of organic matter and sediment-water exchange. As a tribute to Prof. Gaston Desrosiers by the Nereis Park association, eighteen laboratories carried out a collaborative experiment to acquire a global snapshot of particle reworking by the polychaete Hediste diversicolor at 16 sites surrounding the Northern Atlantic. Organisms and soft sediments were collected during May - July at different geographical locations and, using a common laboratory protocol, particulate fluorescent tracers (`luminophores') were used to quantify particle transport over a 10-day period. Particle mixing was quantified using the maximum penetration depth of tracers (MPD), particle diffusive coefficients (D-b), and non-local transport coefficients (r). Non-local coefficients (reflecting centimeter scale transport steps) ranged from 0.4 to 15 yr(-1), and were not correlated across sites with any measured biological (biomass, biovolume) or environmental parameters (temperature, grain size, organic matter). Maximum penetration depths (MPD) averaged similar to 10.7 cm (6.5-14.5 cm), and were similar to the global average bioturbation depth inferred from short-lived radiochemical tracers. MPD was also not correlated with measures of size (individual biomass), but increased with grain size and decreased with temperature. Bio-diffusion (D-b) correlated inversely with individual biomass (size) and directly with temperature over the environmental range (Q(10) similar to 1.7; 5-21 degrees C). The transport data were comparable in magnitude to rates reported for localized H. diversicolor populations of similar size, and confirmed some but not all correlations between sediment reworking and biological and environmental variables found in previous studies. The results imply that measures of particle reworking activities of a species from a single location can be generally extrapolated to different populations at similar conditions.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- MAGNUSSON, J, et al.
(författare)
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FLUX PINNING IN YBA2CU3O7 THIN-FILMS GROWN BY DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERING
- 1992
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Ingår i: Cryogenics (Guildford). - : Elsevier BV. - 0011-2275 .- 1879-2235. ; 32, s. 1084-1088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) were deposited on single crystalline LaAlO3 substrates using d.c. magnetron sputtering. The quality of the films has been assessed by X-ray diffraction; YBa2Cu3O7 grows epitaxially with the c-axis parallel to the substrate normal. For some choices of the deposition parameters in the sputtering process, it was found that secondary phases were precipitated in the films. By a deliberate choice of deposition parameters, semi-coherently grown Y2O3 (yttria) inclusions could be obtained. They had square platelet or cubical shapes with sizes from 5 - 20 nm and thickness approximately 10 nm. The superconducting properties of the YBa2Cu3O7 films were investigated using SQUID magnetometry. Magnetization measurements on films with different densities of semicoherent Y2O3 inclusions indicate an enhanced flux pinning capability with increasing inclusion density.
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| 4. |
- NISKANEN, K, et al.
(författare)
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ANGULAR DEPENDENT MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL BI-SR-CA-CU-O
- 1991
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 185, s. 2207-2208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The field, time and temperature dependence of the longitudinal component of the magnetization of a single crystal of BiSrCaCuO has been investigated by SQUID-magnetometry as a function of the tilt angle between the crystallographic c-axis and the applied magnetic field. We here discuss the results on the field and angular dependence of the magnetic response in zero field cooled magnetization experiments at low fields.
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| 5. |
- NISKANEN, K, et al.
(författare)
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ANISOTROPY IN SINGLE CRYSTALLINE BISRCACUO
- 1992
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Ingår i: Superconductors Science and Technology. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The longitudinal component of the magnetization of a single crystal of Bi2.2Sr1.7CaCu2O8 has been investigated by SQUID-magnetometry when the magnetic field is applied at different angles 0-degrees-90-degrees with respect to the crystallographic c-axis. The anisotropy of the system, deduced from the magnetization and relaxation rate data, indicates a mass anisotropy m(c)/m(ab) of order 20, a strikingly low value compared to what has been found from torque and magnetoresistance measurements m(c)/m(ab) almost-equal-to 3000.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- NISKANEN, K, et al.
(författare)
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NONLOGARITHMIC MAGNETIC-RELAXATION IN BI-SR-CA-CU-O SINGLE-CRYSTALS
- 1991
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Ingår i: Superconductors Science and Technology. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time dependence of the low field susceptibility of a Bi2.2Sr1.7CaCu2O8 single crystal has been investigated in the field range 0.1-300 gauss and at temperatures 0.25 less-than-or-equal-to T/T(c) less-than-or-equal-to 0.9. The relaxation of the magnetization is found to change from a logarithmic to a non-logarithmic form as the applied field is increased, implying that a conventional flux creep model cannot sufficiently describe the behaviour.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- NORLING, P, et al.
(författare)
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MAGNETIC-RELAXATION OF INTERGRANULAR CRITICAL-STATE IN SINTERED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA
- 1994
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 221, s. 169-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relaxation of the zero-field-cooled magnetisation of three sintered samples of YBa2Cu3O7-delta has been measured at low fields. Special attention was paid to the low-field regime where the motion of intergranular vortices is dominating the decay of the magnetisation. From the measured data the apparent activation energy for flux jumps, U0, was calculated. The extracted values fall in the range 0.6-2 eV, considerably higher than what has been found for the intragranular flux creep but in the same range as reported by others for intergranular creep. The samples showed somewhat different behaviours and the sample with the most homogeneous morphology had the lowest value of U0. This can be explained within theories for pinning in granular superconductors.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Strand, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of an icy winter on the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg, 1793) populations in Scandinavia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Aquatic Invasions. - : Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC). - 1798-6540 .- 1818-5487. ; 7:3, s. 433-440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is an invasive species that has dispersed into Scandinavia during the last few decades. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of extreme winter conditions on the mortality of the Pacific oyster in Scandinavia. The study was done by compiling mortality data from independent surveys in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Winter mortality of the oysters increased with latitude, which can be explained by the colder climate experienced at higher latitudes. Mortality was also found to be affected by site specific conditions such as water depth at the sampling sites of oyster populations. Despite the severe winter conditions of 2009/2010 causing high mortality, the Pacific oyster still exists in large numbers in Scandinavia. The present investigation indicates that extreme winter conditions may result in a temporary reduction of the density of the Pacific oyster, but that the species can be expected to continue its invasion of Scandinavian coastal areas.
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| 12. |
- SVEDLINDH, P, et al.
(författare)
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ANTI-MEISSNER EFFECT IN THE BISRCACUO-SYSTEM
- 1989
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 162, s. 1365-1366
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
- SVEDLINDH, P, et al.
(författare)
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MAGNETIC-RELAXATION IN AN ISOTROPIC EXTREME TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTOR
- 1991
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 43, s. 2735-2741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time dependence of the zero-field-cooled and thermoremanent magnetization of the isotropic extreme type-II superconductor PbMo6S8 has been measured at temperatures 0.7 less-than-or-equal-to T/T(c) less-than-or-equal-to 0.95 and for fields 1 less-than-or-equal-to H less-than-or-equal-to 300 G. The results show that the time dependence of the decay can be divided into three different field regimes: (1) A low-field regime with a closely logarithmic decay and a well-established critical state. The relaxation rate [partial M/partial ln(t)] increases as H-5 for the zero-field-cooled magnetization and as H-2.4 for the thermoremanent magnetization. The reduction in magnetization over 5 decades in time (0.3-3 X 10(4) s) is, at most, a few percent. (2) A crossover-field regime with a change from a logarithmic to a nonlogarithmic decay. (3) A high-field regime where the time dependence of the decay is well described by the expression delta-M approximately [ln(t/tau-0)]-alpha. The reduction in magnetization in the crossover- and high-field regimes is as large as 25-30% in the measured time interval. The results in the high-field regime are interpreted within the theory of collective flux creep. Comparisons are made with the magnetic relaxation found in anisotropic high-T(c) superconductors.
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| 14. |
- SVEDLINDH, P, et al.
(författare)
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NONLOGARITHMIC MAGNETIC-RELAXATION IN BI2.2SR1.7CACU2O8 SINGLE-CRYSTALS - EVIDENCE FOR COLLECTIVE FLUX PINNING
- 1991
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 176, s. 336-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High precision magnetic relaxation measurements have been performed on BiSrCaCuO single crystals with the field H applied parallel to the c-axis. At temperatures T/T(c) > 0.5, the data exhibit two different field regimes. One for H < H* (H* corresponds to the field where full flux penetration of the sample is achieved) where the ZFC and RM magnetization relaxes logarithmically with time in agreement with the conventional flux creep model; a second one for H > H* where the relaxation follows a [ln(t/t0)]-alpha dependence. This relaxation law is predicted in the collective flux creep theory for J << J(c) as well as in the vortex-glass model. In the temperature range 0.25 < T/T(c) < 0.4, there is a change in character of the measured decay of the magnetization. This change in character is interpreted to arise from thermal fluctuations of the flux-line lattice giving rise to a considerable reduction in the pinning strength above the depinning temperature.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Andersen, J. H., et al.
(författare)
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Approaches for integrated assessment of ecological and eutrophication status of surface waters in Nordic Countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 45:6, s. 681-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review approaches and tools currently used in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) for integrated assessment of 'ecological status' sensu the EU Water Framework Directive as well as assessment of 'eutrophication status' in coastal and marine waters. Integration principles for combining indicators within biological quality elements (BQEs) and combining BQEs into a final-integrated assessment are discussed. Specific focus has been put on combining different types of information into indices, since several methods are currently employed. As a consequence of the variety of methods used, comparisons across both BQEs and water categories (river, lakes and coastal waters) can be difficult. Based on our analyses, we conclude that some principles and methods for integration can be critical and that a harmonised approach should be developed. Further, we conclude that the integration principles applied within BQEs are critical and in need of harmonisation if we want a better understanding of potential transition in ecological status between surface water types, e.g. when riverine water enters a downstream lake or coastal water body.
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| 17. |
- Ekdahl, F., et al.
(författare)
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QFD for Service Development a Case Study from Telia Mobitel
- 1997
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the application of QFD for service development is discussed based on a case study from a Swedish telecommunications company. The case study in the paper presented is, however, not a "QFD success story". Instead, it illustrates how Telia Mobitel (Telia) used QFD, what did not quite work out, and how they continued to work instead. Also, the paper provides brief introductions to some of the methods used for service design and for collecting the voice of the customer in a service design context
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| 18. |
- Glover, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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A live video observatory reveals temporal processes at a shelf-depth whale-fall
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cahiers De Biologie Marine. - 0007-9723. ; 51:4, s. 375-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been very few studies of temporal processes at chemosynthetic ecosystems, even at relatively more accessible shallow water sites. Here we report the development and deployment of a simple cabled video observatory at 30 m water depth in Gullmarsfjorden, Sweden. The camera provides a live video feed to the internet of faunal activity in the experiments, which to date have included 5 separate whale-fall deployments. Our data suggest that the time to decomposition of small cetacean carcasses at shelf-depth settings is considerably slower than at deep-sea sites. We have also provided a new methodology for the deployment of low-cost live video observatories at up to 30 m water depth, which can be used both for research and outreach activities.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Mischak, Harald, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive human urine standards for comparability and standardization in clinical proteome analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proteomics - Clinical Applications. - : Wiley. - 1862-8346 .- 1862-8354. ; 4:4, s. 464-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Urine proteomics is emerging as a powerful tool for biomarker discovery. The purpose of this study is the development of a well-characterized "real life" sample that can be used as reference standard in urine clinical proteomics studies. Experimental design: We report on the generation of male and female urine samples that are extensively characterized by different platforms and methods (CE-MS, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, 1-D gel analysis in combination with nano-LC MS/MS (using LTQ-FT ultra), and 2-DE-MS) for their proteome and peptidome. In several cases analysis involved a definition of the actual biochemical entities, i.e. proteins/peptides associated with molecular mass and detected PTMs and the relative abundance of these compounds. Results: The combination of different technologies allowed coverage of a wide mass range revealing the advantages and complementarities of the different technologies. Application of these samples in "inter-laboratory" and "inter-platform" data comparison is also demonstrated. Conclusions and clinical relevance: These well-characterized urine samples are freely available upon request to enable data comparison especially in the context of biomarker discovery and validation studies. It is also expected that they will provide the basis for the comprehensive characterization of the urinary proteome.
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| 21. |
- Norling, P., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of live and post-mortem shell structures of invasive Pacific oysters and native blue mussels on macrofauna and fish
- 2015
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 518, s. 123-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © Inter-Research 2015. Blue mussels Mytilus edulis and the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas are both ecosystem engineering species which modify the environment, thus having large effects on associated species. With the introduction of the Pacific oyster, a new biogenic structure has been added to subtidal sediment habitats in Scandinavia. By conducting a field experiment, the effects of live and post-mortem shell structures of C. gigas and M. edulis on associated infauna, epibenthic fauna and fish on the Swedish west coast were evaluated. Plots with 5 different treatments (live Pacific oysters, oyster shells, live blue mussels, mussel shells and sand control) were constructed on bare sandy sediment at 2 subtidal localities. Epibenthic macrofauna and fish were sampled with a drop trap, and sediment and infauna samples were collected with sediment cores. Live bivalve treatments had significant effects on organic content of the sediment; however, no treatment effects on infauna were found. In contrast, abundance and biomass of epibenthic fauna increased 4 to 8 times and species richness increased in the presence of the bivalves or their shells, compared to the sand control. Epibenthic fauna abundance and biomass was higher in the oyster shell treatment compared to the live bivalve treatments, which in turn had higher abundance and biomass than the mussel shell treatment. In general, the mussel shell treatment favoured small crustaceans, while the oyster shell and live bivalve treatments favoured fish and larger invertebrate species. Based on these results, we conclude that further establishment of the Pacific oyster in Swedish waters will cause large changes to community structure of benthic macrofauna and fish.
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| 22. |
- Schelin, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of pre-PCR processing approaches for enumeration of Salmonella enterica in naturally contaminated animal feed
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Microbiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1364-5072 .- 1365-2672. ; 116:1, s. 167-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Three pre-PCR processing strategies for the detection and/or quantification of Salmonella in naturally contaminated soya bean meal were evaluated. Methods and Results: Methods included: (i) flotation-qPCR [enumeration of intact Salmonella cells prior to quantitative PCR (qPCR)], (ii) MPN-PCR (modified most probable number method combined with qPCR) and (iii) qualitative culture enrichment PCR. The limit of quantification was 1·8 × 102 CFU g-1 (flotation-qPCR) and 0·02 MPN g-1 (MPN-PCR). Fifteen naturally contaminated Salmonella positive soya bean meal samples from one lot were analysed in parallel with the three methods, using 2·5, 50 and 25 g of feed, respectively, resulting in detection of Salmonella in 6, 15 and 9 bags. Enumeration resulted in 1·8 × 102-7·8 × 103 CFU g-1 (flotation-qPCR) and 0·024 to >5·2 MPN g-1 (MPN-PCR). Conclusions: Except for differences in methodology, results obtained with the three techniques could be due to the presence of nonculturable Salmonella and/or a heterogeneous distribution of Salmonella in the material. Significance and Impact of the Study: The evaluated methods provide different possibilities to assess the prevalence of Salmonella in feed, together with the numbers of culturable, as well as nonculturable cells, and can be applied to generate data to allow more accurate quantitative microbial risk assessment for Salmonella in the feed chain. © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology.
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