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- Bäck, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fatty acid desaturase genetic variations and dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake associate with arterial stiffness
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal Open. - : Oxford University Press. - 2752-4191. ; 2:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generate diverse bioactive lipid mediators, which tightly regulate vascular inflammation. The effects of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in cardiovascular prevention however remain controversial. In addition to direct dietary intake, fatty acid desaturases (FADS) determine PUFA levels. Increased arterial stiffness represents an independent predictor of mortality and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of PUFA intake, FADS1 genotype, and FADS expression with arterial stiffness.METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional population-based cohort study of 1464 participants without overt cardiovascular disease was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and the FADS1 locus variant was determined. Blood cell transcriptomics was performed in a subset of 410 individuals. Pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with the FADS1 locus variant. Differential associations between PWV and omega-3 PUFA intake were observed depending on the FADS1 genotype. High omega-3 PUFA intake attenuated the FADS1 genotype-dependent associations. Carriers of the minor FADS1 locus variant exhibited increased expression of FADS2, which is associated with PWV.CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings point to FADS1 genotype-dependent associations of omega-3 PUFA intake on subclinical cardiovascular disease. These findings may have implications for identifying responders and non-responders to omega-3 PUFA supplementation and open up for personalized dietary counselling in cardiovascular prevention.
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| 2. |
- Cugnet-Anceau, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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A controlled study of consumption of beta-glucan-enriched soups for 2 months by type 2 diabetic free-living subjects
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 103:3, s. 422-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher cardiovascular risk and there has been a growing interest in using dietary intervention to improve lipid profile and glucose control. The present work aims at analysing the effects of the enrichment of a normal diet with beta-glucan (3-5 g/d) in free-living type 2 diabetic subjects for 2 months, using a palatable soup. This trial was a parallel, placebo-controlled, double-blinded randomised study performed in fifty-three type 2 diabetic subjects. During a 3-week run-in period, subjects daily consumed a ready meal control soup (without beta-glucan). For the following 8 weeks, Subjects were randomly assigned to consume daily either a control soup or a beta-glucan soup. Changes in lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), HDL- and LDL-cholesterol (HDLc and LDLc), apo B and TAG) and in glucose control (HbA1c and fasting glucose) were measured. There was no significant alteration in lipid profile in the two groups (TC, HDLc. LDLc and apo B). TAG decreased significantly in the beta-glucan group compared with the control group (-0.12 (SD 0.38) v. 0.12 (SD 0.44)mmol/l, P=0.03). HbA1c and fasting glucose were not reduced in any group. A single daily ingestion of 3-5 g beta-glucan, as required by official dietary recommendations for 8 weeks did not change the lipid profile and HbA1c in type 2 diabetic subjects. To improve the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetic subjects in the long term, the quantity, the food vectors and the tolerability of P-glucan products may be re-evaluated.
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