| 1. |
- Saha, Amit, et al.
(författare)
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Vaccine specific immune response to an inactivated oral cholera vaccine and EPI vaccines in a high and low arsenic area in Bangladeshi children
- 2013
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-410X. ; 31:4, s. 647-652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immune responses to the inactivated oral whole cell cholera toxin B (CTB) subunit cholera vaccine, Dukoral(®), as well as three childhood vaccines in the national immunization system were compared in children living in high and low arsenic contaminated areas in Bangladesh. In addition, serum complement factors C3 and C4 levels were evaluated among children in the two areas. VACCINATIONS: Toddlers (2-5 years) were orally immunized with two doses of Dukoral 14 days apart. Study participants had also received diphtheria, tetanus and measles vaccines according to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in Bangladesh. RESULTS: The mean level of arsenic in the urine specimens in the children of the high arsenic area (HAA, Shahrasti, Chandpur) was 291.8μg/L while the level was 6.60μg/L in the low arsenic area (LAA, Mirpur, Dhaka). Cholera specific vibriocidal antibody responses were significantly increased in the HAA (87%, P<0.001) and the LAA (75%, P<0.001) children after vaccination with Dukoral, but no differences were found between the two groups. Levels of CTB specific IgA and IgG antibodies were comparable between the two groups, whereas LPS specific IgA and IgG were higher in the LAA group, although response rates were comparable. Diphtheria and tetanus vaccine specific IgG responses were significantly higher in the HAA compared to the LAA group (P<0.001, P=0.048 respectively), whereas there were no differences in the measles specific IgG responses between the groups. Complement C3 and C4 levels in sera were higher in participants from the HAA than the LAA groups (P<0.001, P=0.049 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that the oral cholera vaccine as well as the EPI vaccines studied are immunogenic in children in high and low arsenic areas in Bangladesh. The results are encouraging for the potential use of cholera vaccines as well as the EPI vaccines in arsenic endemic areas.
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| 2. |
- Hassan, Mohammad R, et al.
(författare)
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New ruthenium carbonyl clusters containing unusual mu(5)-sulfido-, mu(4)-benzyne-, and thianthrene-derived ligands: Insertion of ruthenium into the thianthrene ring by C-S activation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Organometallics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6041 .- 0276-7333. ; 26:18, s. 4627-4633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of [Ru-3(CO)(12)] with thianthrene in refluxing toluene afforded [(mu(4)-S)Ru-4(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(9)(mu(4)-eta(2)-C6H4)] (1), [(mu(5)-S)Ru-6(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(15)(mu-eta(3)-C12H8S)] (2), and [(mu(5)-S)Ru-5(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(11)(mu-eta(3)-C12H8S)(mu(4)-eta(2)-C6H4)] (3) in 18%, 8%, and 16% yields, respectively. Thermolysis of 2 in refluxing heptane gave compounds 1 and 3. A similar thermolysis of 3 in refluxing toluene gave 1 in 90% yield. Treatment of 3 with neat MeCN afforded the labile compound [(mu(5)-S)Ru-5(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(10)(mu-eta(3)-C12H8S)(mu(4)-eta(2)-C6H4)(Me CN)] (4) in 73% yield. The reaction of 4 with P(OMe)(3) gave the substitution product [(mu(5)-S)Ru-5(mu-CO)(2)(CO)(10)(mu-eta(3)-C12H8S)(mu(4)-eta(2)-C6H4){P( OMe)(3)}] (5) in 52% yield. Compounds 1-4 have been structurally characterized. Compound 1 contains a mu(4)-capping sulfido and a mu(4)-eta(2)-benzyne ligand, whereas 3, 4, and 5 contain mu(5)-sulfido and mu(4)-eta(2)-benzyne ligands. The latter three compounds provide rare examples of mu(5)-sulfido and metal-assisted opening of the thianthrene ligand on polynuclear centers. In compounds 1, 3, and 4 the mu(4)-eta(2)-benzyne ligand is perpendicular to the Ru-4 face of the clusters and represents a previously uncharacterized bonding mode for benzyne.
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| 3. |
- Mohammad, Moman A., et al.
(författare)
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Trends in Clinical Practice and Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-9980. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The use of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to treat unprotected left main coronary artery disease has expanded rapidly in the past decade. We aimed to describe nationwide trends in clinical practice and outcomes after PCI for left main coronary artery disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients (n=4085) enrolled in the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry) as undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease from 2005 to 2017 were included. A count regression model was used to analyze time-related differences in procedural characteristics. The 3-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event rate defined as death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization was calculated with the KaplanMeier estimator and Cox proportional hazard model. The number of annual PCI procedures grew from 121 in 2005 to 589 in 2017 (389%). The increase was greater for men (479%) and individuals with diabetes (500%). Periprocedural complications occurred in 7.9%, decreasing from 10% to 6% during the study period. A major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event occurred in 35.7% of patients, falling from 45.6% to 23.9% (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41–0.78; P=0.001). Radial artery access rose from 21.5% to 74.2% and intracoronary diagnostic procedures from 14.0% to 53.3%. Use of bare-metal stents and first-generation drug-eluting stents fell from 19.0% and 71.9%, respectively, to 0, with use of new-generation drugeluting stents increasing to 95.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Recent changes in clinical practice relating to PCI for left main coronary artery disease are characterized by a 4-fold rise in procedures conducted, increased use of evidence-based adjunctive treatment strategies, intracoronary diagnostics, newer stents, and more favorable outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Uddin, Md. Nazim, et al.
(författare)
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Reactivity of triruthenium thiophyne and furyne clusters: competitive S-C and P-C bond cleavage reactions and the generation of highly unsymmetrical alkyne ligands
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9234 .- 1477-9226. ; :44, s. 6219-6230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis and reactivity of the thiophyne and furyne clusters [Ru-3(CO)(7)(mu-dppm)(mu(3)-eta(2)-C4H2E){mu-P(C4H3E)(2)}(mu-H)] (E = S, O) is reported. Addition of P(C4H3E)(3) to [Ru-3(CO)(10)(mu-dppm)] (1) at room temperature in the presence of Me3NO gives simple substitution products [Ru-3(CO)(9)(mu-dppm)-P(C4H3E)(3)}] (E = S, 2; E = O, 3). Mild thermolysis in the presence of further Me3NO affords the thiophyne and furyne complexes [Ru-3(CO)(7)(mu-dppm)(mu(3)-eta(2)-C4H2E){mu-P(C4H3E)(2)}(mu-H)] (E = S, 4; E = O, 6) resulting from both carbon-hydrogen and carbon-phosphorus bond activation. In each the C4H2E (E = S, O) ligand donates 4-electrons to the cluster and the rings are tilted with respect to the m-dppm and the phosphido-bridged open triruthenium unit. Heating 4 at 80 degrees C leads to the formation of the ring-opened cluster [Ru-3(CO)(5)(mu-CO)(mu-dppm)(mu(3)-eta(3)-SC4H3){mu-P(C4H3S)(2)}] (5) resulting from carbon-sulfur bond scission and carbon- hydrogen bond formation and containing a ring-opened mu(3)-eta(3)-1-thia-1,3-butadiene ligand. In contrast, a similar thermolysis of 3 affords the phosphinidene cluster [Ru-3(CO)(7)(mu-dppm)(mu(3)-eta(2)-C4H2O){mu(3)-P(C4H3O)}] (7) resulting from a second phosphorus-carbon bond cleavage and (presumably) elimination of furan. Treatment of 4 and 6 with PPh3 affords the simple phosphine-substituted products [Ru-3(CO)(6)(PPh3)(mu-ppm)(mu(3)-eta(2)-C4H2E){mu-P(C4H3E)(2)}(mu-H)] (E = S, 8; E = O, 9). Both thiophyne and furyne clusters 4 and 6 readily react with hydrogen bromide to give [Ru-3(CO)(6)Br(mu-Br)(mu-dppm)(mu(3)-eta(2)-eta(1)-C4H2E){mu-P(C4H3E)(2) }(mu-H)] (E = S, 10; E = O, 11) containing both terminal and bridging bromides. Here the alkynes bind in a highly unsymmetrical manner with one carbon acting as a bridging alkylidene and the second as a terminally bonded Fisher carbene. As far as we are aware, this binding mode has only previously been noted in ynamine complexes or those with metals in different oxidation states. The crystal structures of seven of these new triruthenium clusters have been carried out, allowing a detailed analysis of the relative orientations of coordinated ligands.
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| 5. |
- Wester, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Bivalirudin Versus Heparin Monotherapy in Elderly Patients With Myocardial Infarction : A Prespecified Subgroup Analysis of the VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART Trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Circulation. Cardiovascular Interventions. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1941-7640 .- 1941-7632. ; 13:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention are at increased risk of both ischemic and bleeding complications. The optimal anticoagulation strategy in these patients is uncertain. Therefore, we compared bivalirudin to heparin monotherapy in a contemporary cohort of such patients.Methods: A prespecified subgroup analysis of elderly patients with myocardial infarction (>= 75 years) from the VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART trial (Bivalirudin Versus Heparin in ST-Segment and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients on Modern Antiplatelet Therapy in the Swedish Web System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies Registry Trial) was performed. In the trial, patients were randomized to either bivalirudin or heparin monotherapy during percutaneous coronary intervention, with mandatory potent P2Y12 inhibition, routine radial artery access, and only bail-out glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition. Kaplan-Meier event rates were assessed for the primary end point, consisting of a composite of all-cause death, myocardial reinfarction, or major bleeding, within 180 days.Results: The elderly (n=1592) had more than twice the risk of all events compared with younger patients (n=4406). Baseline and periprocedural characteristics were equal between bivalirudin (n=799) and heparin (n=793) treated patients >= 75 years. No differences were found in the elderly between bivalirudin and heparin monotherapy regarding the primary end point (180-day all-cause death, myocardial reinfarction, or major bleeding), the individual components of the primary end point, definite stent thrombosis, or stroke.Conclusions: In this prespecified subgroup analysis of the VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART trial, elderly patients with myocardial infarction had a highly increased risk of all events. However, no difference in outcomes could be observed with an anticoagulation strategy with either bivalirudin or heparin as monotherapy in this patient group.
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| 6. |
- Yndigegn, Troels, et al.
(författare)
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Safety of early hospital discharge following admission with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: a nationwide cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology. - : European Society of Cardiology. - 1969-6213 .- 1774-024X. ; 17:13, s. 1091-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Second Primary Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (PAMI-II) risk score is recommended by guidelines to identify low-risk patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for an early discharge strategy. AIMS: We aimed to assess the safety of early discharge (≤2 days) for low-risk STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: Using nationwide data from the SWEDEHEART registry, we identified patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI during the period 2009-2017, of whom 8,092 (26.4%) were identified as low risk with the PAMI-II score. Low-risk patients were stratified according to their length of hospital stay (≤2 days vs >2 days). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, including death, reinfarction treated with PCI, stroke or heart failure hospitalisation) at one year, assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score as well as an inverse probability weighting propensity score of average treatment effect to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 1,449 (17.9%) patients were discharged ≤2 days from admission. After adjustment, the one-year MACE rate was not higher for patients discharged at >2 days from admission than for patients discharged ≤2 days (4.3% vs 3.2%; adjusted HR 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-1.87, p=0.14), and no difference was observed regarding any of the individual components of the main outcome. Results were consistent across all subgroups with no difference in MACE between early and late discharge patients. CONCLUSIONS: Nationwide observational data suggest that early discharge of low-risk patients with STEMI treated with PCI is not associated with an increase in one-year MACE.
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