| 1. |
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Drivkraft för kollegialt lärande : Observationer med MOSO och kritiska vänner. Fem undersökningar om att göra skillnad för elever
- 2020
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Syftet med denna rapport är att redogöra för organisering av kollegialt lärande som baseras på elevers behov, observationer och samarbete med kollegor. Rapporten har två delar som var för sig fokuserar olika projekt. Den första delen beskriver ett projekt med tre lärare från gymnasieskolor i tre olika kommuner med en av oss som handledare. Den andra delen beskriver ett projekt med två lärare från samma grundskola och med den andra av oss som handledare. Den gemensamma nämnaren för båda delarna är att lärarna använder gemensamma redskap för sitt kollegial lärande, ibland på lite olika sätt. Först beskrivs de redskap som var gemensamma för lärarna, medan texterna om de olika projekten visar hur redskapen anpassades till respektive sammanhang.
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| 2. |
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Försöksverksamhet med övningsförskolor : Sjävvärdering med åtta fallbeskrivningar 2014-2019
- 2020
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Förskollärarprogrammet på Högskolan i Halmstad har under perdioen 2014-2019 ingått i en försöksverksamhet med övningsförskolor tillsammans med kommunala huvudmän i Falkenberg, Halmstad, Laholm, Båstad, Ängelholm, Höganäs och Helsingborg och en fristående huvudman i Halmsta.I denna rapport beskrivs hur det nationella uppdraget om övningsförskolor har utformats på Högskolan i Halmstad. Rapporten består av två delar. I den första delen presenteras hur försöksverksamheten har organiserats för koncentration, kompetens och samverkan, utvärdering och lärdomar gjorda av Högskolans personal. I den andra delen presenteras övningsförskolornas egna självvärderingar i form av åtta fallbeskrivningar.Rapporten har skrivits i samverkan med övningsförskolorna och är baserad på data kopplad till försöksverksamhetens etablerande, prövande och granskande skede. De resultat som presenteras visar att försöksverksamheten har förändrat grundsynen på verksamhetsförlagd utbildning bland alla involverade. Samtliga parter lyfter fram samverkan och relationsskapande mellan lärosätet, programmets VFU-ledare och övningsförskolorna som centralt för den förändrade grundsynen. Högskolan har utmanats i att balansera samverkan med övningsförskolorna med intern kommunikation om försöksverksamheten. Det krävs fortsatt arbete för att VFU-frågorna ska bli allas angelägenhet på Högskolan.Övningsförskolornas fallbeskrivningar pekar på att försöksverksamheten har bidragit till ökad kompetens på förskolorna kopplat till VFU, något som i sin tur har skapat bättre förutsättningar för progression i studenters praktiska yrkeskunnande. Övningsförskolorna har erövrat rollen som lärarutbildare och vill fortsatt vara med och påverka morgondagens kollegor, trots att rollen är krävande och att strukturer även forsättningsvis behöver förfinas. Resultaten visar att övningsförskolor skapar förutsättningar för studenter att bli en del av en professionell gemenskap för lärande vilket främjar studenternas utveckling av en professionell identitet.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gyllander Torkildsen, Lisbeth, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Translating ideas for school development into changed leading practices
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordic Educational Research Association (NERA) 2017, Copenhagen Denmark.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper draws on, and extends, insights from previous parallel case studies of leading and teacher’s professional learning conducted in Sweden, Norway and Australia. Previous studies examined the role of leading practices in the circulation and transformation of key educational ideas (Wilkinson, Olin, Lund & Stjernstrom, 2013). The research focused on how leading practices travel within and between educational sites, transforming the discursive, material and social conditions for learning and teaching practices in schools. Scandinavian new organisational literature, on how ideas travel globally, was used as a frame. The ongoing research focuses on new developments in organizational literature and translation studies, as well as research conducted amongst middle leaders in Norway and Sweden. This paper examines how key educational ideas circulate, are transformed and translated with varying degrees of success by middle leaders into educational practice. In particular, it analyses the process of translation, that is, how ideas travel, are made legible to individual practitioners, and translated into local practices. The focus is on the translator`s understanding and competence in the process of knowledge-transfer where he/she plays an active role. Røvik (2015) claims that there are certain rules that inform the translation processes and that these rules are contextually dependent. The rules thereby need to be developed and investigated at the local site. There has been sparse empirical research conducted on this issue as well as on the related issue of how different translations rules are “deliberately chosen or just followed” by translators. Insights into these questions have the potential to enhance understanding of how translations of ideas into local practices in local sites may be (mis)guided, (mis-)interpreted or (mis-)understood. Based on insights from translation theory and previous studies of middle leaders, we explore the following questions: •How do middle leaders ‘translate’ new ideas into leading practices? •How are middle leaders informed/influenced and inform/influence the translation process through their leading practices? Focus group interviews are being conducted with middle leaders (process leaders in Swedish schools and principals and development leaders in Norwegian schools) in two municipalities where new school development reforms have been implemented. Using middle leaders to support and enhance school development, is part of the reform. The new ideas is being translated through their ways of understanding and acting in the their schools. We will look for differences and similarities in the translation process expressed through the middle leaders’ ways of describing their role as leaders in the change processes. These descriptions will be compared with the general rules described by Røvik (2015), thereby addressing the lack of empirical work mentioned earlier. Translation theories have not been much used in Nordic education empirical studies, even though there are some exceptions (Lund & Moksnes, 2013; Røvik et. al. 2015). This study adds to this new body of knowledge, thereby contributing with a new perspective on questions on change processes in schools, making it possible to understand local variation and general rules as two sides of a coin.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Klang, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Samtal som rektors redskap för lärande
- 2019
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Ingår i: Didaktisk utvecklingsdialog. Lärares och skolledares professionella utveckling. Anette Olin, Jonas Almqvist, Lisbeth Gyllander Torkildsen, Karim Hamza (red.). - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144125749 ; , s. 139-156
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rektorn samtalar med en elev på sitt kontor för att lösa elevens problem med studierna. Men hjälper det verkligen? Beskrivningen av dilemmat inleds på rektorns kontor men mynnar ut i en problematisering av hela skolan med avseende på vilka samtal som behöver föras, mellan vilka och vilket lärande som önskas. Rektorns didaktiska dilemma handlar om hur samtal kan fungera som ett redskap i ledningsarbetet för att åstadkomma skolutveckling som skapar en god lärandemiljö för alla elever.
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| 7. |
- Langelotz, Lill, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Principals' Emotional Labour
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cross National Conversations on the Adventures of Pedagogy, Education, and Praxis.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Five children from the same family, did not show up in school today…their classmates, and teachers are devastated… The Migration Authority kept the mother after a meeting at their office...and her small children were sent home in a taxi to the father. And this morning the whole family were … by the police /…/ think they were sent to Germany… it will affect the budget… I need to sack teachers… (Principal A). And this is my passion. I love working in this environment, where diversity is everywhere… we do not talk about the… passion, the gratefulness, and the joy in these schools. And that is a pity (Principal B). The quotations, from interviews with principals leading schools in structurally disadvantaged areas in Sweden, reflect principals’ sense of “what is right and wrong” (Nicolini, 2012, p. 5) and the emotional knowledge that are part of contemporary educational practices. In this presentation attention is directed towards various forms of knowledge needed in educational leading practices to foster a socially just school. A particular emphasis is placed on emotions, which according to our understanding “do not belong to individuals but – in the form of knowledge - to practices” (Reckwitz, 2002, p. 254). The aim in the presentation is to explore and discuss principals’ everyday work in Swedish schools, in nationally and globally volatile times. We are taking a site-ontological practice approach on leadership by using the theory of practice architectures (Kemmis et al., 2014) to study principals’ work and how emotions come into play in the daily leading practices. Leadership is here understood as a practice comprised by sayings-doing-relatings (Langelotz, 2017, p. 25) hold in place by its architectures; the cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social-political arrangements (Kemmis et al., 2014).
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| 8. |
- Lund, Torbjørn, et al.
(författare)
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Using translation theory to understand and improve reforms in schools
- 2018
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Ingår i: Redress. - 1039-382X. ; 27:1, s. 8-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ongoing reforms are constantly influencing practices in schools. Schools have to adopt both national reform ideas and local school initiatives in order to meet new standards and demands and to develop new practices. New practices and ideas are expected to be transferred from contexts outside schools into schools and from one school to another. The schools’ unique contexts are rarely taken into consideration. Adopting ideas and implementing them in practice is a complex process, and the quality of the outcomes tend to vary. Sometimes schools succeed in implementing an idea in practice, with the desired outcome, but other times they are unsuccessful. This article introduces a theory that teachers can use in order to better understand and improve reform processes.
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| 9. |
- Nagy, Caroline, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The power of written feedback for student teachers in teaching mathematics
- 2019
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Ingår i: CARN-ALARA 2019, Imagine Tomorrow - Practitioner Learning for the Future. - 9789533141350 ; , s. 92-92
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We will present a study in progress. The aim is to generate insights about thecontent-related feedback student teachers receive within the context of mathematicsteaching during their practicum period. Students perceive feedback as an importantprompt for developing their further knowledge within disciplines and courses that arepart of their programme. Similarly, lack of feedback has a negative impact on students’motivation. For feedback to be of relevance, it needs to both relate to course contentand provide guidance for future tasks. The main challenge faced by the provider offeedback is to ensure that feedback is explicit, since vague or unclear feedback iseither ignored by students or experienced as frustrating. Thus, mentors tend toobserve student teachers so they can provide explicit feedback that will guide studentteachers as they develop their teaching practice. Being able to provide feedback toa student teacher in the context of a lesson requires the observer to not only havepractitioner knowledge, but also a command of the relevant content knowledgerelating to the discipline. So far, we have established that that student teachers tendto seek generalised feedback, and that mentors rarely provide feedback that targetsdiscipline specific teaching considerations. Based on relevant research, we seek toinfluence mentors’ discipline specific feedback to student teachers, since that in turnenhances the learning outcomes for their students. The present study explores howmentor articulate feedback to student teachers who teach mathematics in the primaryyears, to pupils aged 6-9. To improve feedback both mentor and student teachersundertook a series of action research cycles as a part of their professional developmentinto providing and receiving discipline specific feedback. The emerging findings will bediscussed with mentors and students after the practicum period has been completed.
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| 10. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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A web of leading for professional learning – leadership from a decentring perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Educational Administration & History. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0620 .- 1478-7431. ; 55:1, s. 23-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research shows that leadership is crucial for professional learning, often highlighting principals' or middle leaders' leading practices. However, in leading, professions with differing roles work together. With a decentring perspective on leadership, we shift the focus from the individual principal or middle leader to joint leading practices. Based on a practice theoretical perspective, this article explores how educational leadership unfolds in shared leading practices in a Swedish case where professional learning is led by principals, middle leaders, and an external development leader. The findings visualise a web of practices focusing on understanding roles, changing structures and changing content for professional learning. The shared leading practices are enabled by shared ideas, different positions, and common arenas for communication, but constrained by simplified assumptions and exclusion of teachers. In this web, single dilemmas are handled in different practices from differing perspectives, with changes in plans for professional learning as an outcome.
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| 11. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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A web of leading for professional learning – leadership from a decentring perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Decentring Leadership. - : Routledge.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research shows that leadership is crucial for professional learning, often highlighting principals' or middle leaders' leading practices. However, in leading, professions with differing roles work together. With a decentring perspective on leadership, we shift the focus from the individual principal or middle leader to joint leading practices. Based on a practice theoretical perspective, this article explores how educational leadership unfolds in shared leading practices in a Swedish case where professional learning is led by principals, middle leaders, and an external development leader. The findings visualise a web of practices focusing on understanding roles, changing structures and changing content for professional learning. The shared leading practices are enabled by shared ideas, different positions, and common arenas for communication, but constrained by simplified assumptions and exclusion of teachers. In this web, single dilemmas are handled in different practices from differing perspectives, with changes in plans for professional learning as an outcome. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Förskolechefen – möjliggörare av utveckling?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Fångad av praktiken. - Göteborg : Förlag Göteborgs Universitet. - 9789186857172 - 9789186857165 ; , s. 43-65
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 14. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Försök till transspråkande undervisning : tre typpraktiker
- 2023
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Ingår i: Educare. - Malmö : Malmö University Press. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :1, s. 183-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today many classrooms in Sweden are multilingual, characterized by a diversity of linguistic, cultural and epistemological resources available for teaching and learning. Handling this diversity puts certain demands on teachers in order to provide all students equal learning opportunities in a context where the language of instruction is Swedish. As a response to this, local school development projects based on multilingualism as a resource have been initiated. This study focuses on two such projects with the aim to deepen the knowledge about how translanguaging teaching practices can be developed. To make visible what characterizes as well as enable and constrain translanguaging teaching practices under development, the theory of practice architectures is used. Three different practices are identified The Multilingual, The Ambivalent multilingual and The Monolingual teaching practice. The practices are formed by differing cultural-discursive, material-economic and social-political arrangements. Above all, cultural-discursive arrangements such as norms and ideas affect the differences between the three practices. Existing norms and ideas affect how material and economic resources, mostly identic in all three practices, are used. Furthermore, monolinguistic norms seem to form hierarchical relations. Thus, we argue to develop translanguaging practices multilingual norms are important to develop.
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| 15. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Handledares samtalsstrategier
- 2024
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Ingår i: VFU-handledares betydelse för lärarstudenters praktiska yrkeskunnande. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. ; , s. 91-107
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
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How to identify actions to improve in the practices of a professional learning community : a study of an action research project
- 2023
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Ingår i: Educational action research. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0965-0792 .- 1747-5074. ; , s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an action research project conducted in a Swedish compulsory school. In the project the participants explored ways of identifying actions to improve in the practices of a professional learning community in order to develop teaching. This is important for participants in such communities, since the outcome of developed teaching is challenging to achieve. The exploration is guided by practice theories and is based on three practices: teachers’ peer observations of teaching, teachers’ plan-ning of these observations, and teachers’ and a researcher’s joint conversations based on the observations. By identifying actions in these practices and the relations between them, the findings show that how participating teachers formulated the direction of peer observations influenced the feedback that colleagues gave during observation practices, which in turn influenced both the input to and outcome of the conversations that followed these observa-tions. The study not only shows that this happened, but also how and why it happened, as well as how it can be visualised. Overall, the findings clearly demonstrate what promoted and what pre-vented the teachers’ professional learning and what needed to be improved. © 2023 The Author(s).
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| 17. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Initiering av nya professioner och ny kompetens i skolan för närvarofrämjande arbete
- 2021
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Ingår i: Forskning og Forandring. - Oslo : Nordic Open Access Scholarly Publishing – NOASP. - 2535-5279. ; 4:1, s. 98-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syftet med denna artikel är att generera kunskap om införandet av nya professioner och kompletterande kompetens i skolan. Den presenterar en fallstudie om en grundskolas arbete att med kompletterande kompetens främja elevnärvaro. Forskningsfrågorna är vad personal med kompletterande kompetens gör i en skolas närvarofrämjande arbete och vad som möjliggör respektive begränsar arbetet. Dokument, fältanteckningar och intervjutranskriptioner har analyserats ur ett praktikteoretiskt perspektiv, ett perspektiv som saknas i tidigare forskning inom området. Resultatet visar att kompletterande kompetens på kort tid kan förbättra förutsättningarna för skolors närvarofrämjande arbete genom att sätta och hålla kvar frånvaroproblematiken på agendan, bidra med nya arbetssätt och utgöra förtroendegivande samtalspart för elever och vårdnadshavare. Samtidigt begränsas arbetet av otydliga roller och avgränsningar till andra, revirtänkande samt rådande och tidigare rutiner för att hantera frånvaroproblematik. Förutsättningar behöver förfinas och belysas för att kompletterande kompetens ska integreras i skolans sfär och jämlika förutsättningar för elevers livslånga lärande och hälsa ska skapas.
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| 18. |
- Nehez, Jaana, et al.
(författare)
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Kunskapsbildning för professionellt lärande genom kollegiala samtal
- 2024
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Ingår i: Utbildning och Lärande / Education and Learning. - : Veronica Sülau. - 2001-4554. ; :705707043
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Professional learning based on collegial conversations is an issue worldwide. However, there is a need for deeper knowledge about what happens in such conversations. Based on practice theories and theories of knowledge building environments, this article explores collegial conversations among teachers and school leaders. The findings show three conversation practices that can be of importance in professional learning, although not always in terms of knowledge building discourse moves: knowledge building practices, disrupted knowledge building practices and non-knowledge building practices. The latter two include significant relational aspects. The conclusion is that we need to widen the understanding of knowledge building to achieve professional learning.
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| 19. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Middle leaders translating knowledge about improvement: Making change in the school and preschool organisation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of educational change. - Dordrecht : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-1812 .- 1389-2843. ; 23:3, s. 315-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deepens the knowledge of middle leaders’ impact on school improvement and organisation development. More precisely, it focuses on how middle leaders from comprehensive schools and preschools translated improvement strategies and tools from a municipal course on leading school improvement into their own organisations. It is based on interviews with middle leaders, teachers, and principals at two schools and two preschools. Translation theory is used as a theoretical frame. The findings show that the middle leaders translated improvement strategies based on local needs, and for several reasons: for clarification and reduction of roles and improvement areas; structuring improvement work; engaging and involving colleagues in school improvement; and developing a professional culture. When taking the role of translators, the middle leaders became central to progressing the developmental elements of local school organisations. The study recommends investing to provide middle leaders with improvement strategies and an understanding of translation theory to enable translations that aid the development of school organisations.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Practices in different school cultures and principals’ improvement work
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Leadership in Education. - Abingdon, Oxford : Routledge. - 1360-3124 .- 1464-5092. ; 25:2, s. 310-330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deepens the knowledge of practices within school cultures and their dynamics in relation to improvement work. It investigates: Which practices can be identified in school improvement among principals at upper secondary school level? How are these practices shaped? How do they promote or prevent the improvement work of the principals? Three of six identified practices challenged the planned improvement. The significance of the study is the practice perspective which visualizes and concretizes the complexity within school cultures in relation to the dynamics of improvement work; it illuminates changes and subcultures as well as external factors shaping the culture. The practice perspective used in the study avoids descriptions of general culture types and results based on experiences, which are common challenges within school culture research. The study suggests researchers conduct practice analyses to illustrate complexity within school cultures and improvement. © 2020 The Author(s).
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| 22. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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På väg mot uppdrags- och processdrivna organisationer : Uppföljning av införandet av processledare i förskolor och skolor i Helsingborg
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a previous report, 2013, results from questionnaires and interviews showed how a new middle leader role among preschool teachers and teachers had been implemented 1,5 years after a course focusing on leading processes. The course took place in one school district in the city of Helsingborg, Sweden. The present report tells the story of what has happened within the 13 schools and 13 preschools and with the 62 middle leaders three years after the first report.The middle leaders were originally called process leaders. Their main function was to stimulate and guide their colleagues in developmental work, in close cooperation with principals. They have been working as administrative assistants, mentors to colleagues, leaders of improvement projects and consultants for larger school development. During the years an emphasis on micro tasks together with colleagues, have further developed to include an emphasis on macro tasks for the whole units. The preschools are all still using the process leaders, while nine of the schools have chosen other options. Some schools use first teachers (a government sponsored teacher role) as middle leaders instead. Some schools have stopped using middle leaders all-together since they do not fit principals’ view of an efficient and strict organisation. The staff at half the units do not consider process leaders as useful as before, while the staff at the other half of the units view them as just as or even more useful.Middle leaders are one facet of organisational change in the school district. The introduction of process leaders correspond with an increased tendency for 6 staff to engage in different change projects. This coincides with the organising of a task and process driven organisation for both routine work and development. During interviews at four sites, we noticed and named the emergence of such organisations. Teachers are assigned tasks (communicated with the rest of the staff) directly from the principal. Most preschool teachers and teachers have had tasks within specific areas, in which they are resources for their colleagues. Middle leaders, more often than their colleagues, have coordinating tasks.The four sites show considerable improvements in staff attitudes in relation to cooperation, perceived job relevance of in-service training, developmental projects and evaluation, and most of all support when having problems in class and needing help in order to achieve change. There is also an increase in the perception of empowerment in work correlated with an increase in taking on tasks. This was registered by staff questionnaires, which also measured individual teacher efficacy, and collective efficacy within staffs. Over the three years, these two measures have got a higher correlation, especially for preschool teachers. Thus, teachers let their own self-efficacy be more influenced by cooperative achievement at the sites, or vice versa.No special factor was especially outstanding in influencing collective efficacy. Instead, the numbers and direction of change played the most important role. Many negative changes in attitudes correlated with decreased collective efficacy. Both positive and negative changes correlated with no change in collective efficacy, while many improvements in measured factors predicated improved collective efficacy. What worked as enhancing or depressing on collective efficacy seems to be a contextual and local affair.Certain generative mechanisms were found to have important impact on the emergence and growth of task and process driven organisations. The generative mechanisms are: staff opens for visibility, cooperation across borders, improved deliberative structure of meetings, better coupling between leadership and staff, getting staff ownership from many tasks and wide participation in activities, more systematic developmental processes, improvements visible for children and students, in-take of news from other sites and research. These mechanisms also express meaning to staffs’ use of the concept ‘process driven’. In many of these processes especially process leaders used artifacts and templates learned during the course. Our analyses indicate that an important facet of task and process driven organisations were that a temporary developmental organisation was drawn up and modelled. Similar structures were not in place, or malfunctioned, in the operative organisation for routine work. © 2017 Nehez, Gyllander Torkildsen, Lander, Olin & Blossing.
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| 23. |
- Nehez, Jaana, et al.
(författare)
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På väg mot uppdrags- och processdrivna organisationer. Uppföljning av införandet av processledare i förskolor och skolor i Helsingborg : Towards new task and process driven school organisations. A follow-up study of the introduction of process leaders in pre- schools and schools in Helsingborg.
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a previous report, 2013, results from questionnaires and interviews showed how a new middle leader role among preschool teachers and teachers had been implemented 1,5 years after a course focusing on leading processes. The course took place in one school district in the city of Helsingborg, Sweden. The present report tells the story of what has happened within the 13 schools and 13 pre- schools and with the 62 middle leaders three years after the first report. The middle leaders were originally called process leaders. Their main function was to stimulate and guide their colleagues in developmental work, in close co- operation with principals. They have been working as administrative assistants, mentors to colleagues, leaders of improvement projects and consultants for larger school development. During the years an emphasis on micro tasks to- gether with colleagues, have further developed to include an emphasis on macro tasks for the whole units. The preschools are all still using the process leaders, while nine of the schools have chosen other options. Some schools use first teachers (a government sponsored teacher role) as middle leaders instead. Some schools have stopped using middle leaders all-together since they do not fit principals’ view of an efficient and strict organisation. The staff at half the units do not consider process leaders as useful as before, while the staff at the other half of the units view them as just as or even more useful. Middle leaders are one facet of organisational change in the school district. The introduction of process leaders correspond with an increased tendency for staff to engage in different change projects. This coincides with the organising of a task and process driven organisation for both routine work and development. During interviews at four sites, we noticed and named the emergence of such organisations. Teachers are assigned tasks (communicated with the rest of the staff) directly from the principal. Most preschool teachers and teachers have had tasks within specific areas, in which they are resources for their colleagues. Middle leaders, more often than their colleagues, have coordinating tasks. The four sites show considerable improvements in staff attitudes in relation to cooperation, perceived job relevance of in-service training, developmental projects and evaluation, and most of all support when having problems in class and needing help in order to achieve change. There is also an increase in the perception of empowerment in work correlated with an increase in taking on tasks. This was registered by staff questionnaires, which also measured individ- ual teacher efficacy, and collective efficacy within staffs. Over the three years, these two measures have got a higher correlation, especially for preschool teach- ers. Thus, teachers let their own self-efficacy be more influenced by cooperative achievement at the sites, or vice versa. No special factor was especially outstanding in influencing collective effi- cacy. Instead, the numbers and direction of change played the most important role. Many negative changes in attitudes correlated with decreased collective efficacy. Both positive and negative changes correlated with no change in col- lective efficacy, while many improvements in measured factors predicated im- proved collective efficacy. What worked as enhancing or depressing on collec- tive efficacy seems to be a contextual and local affair. Certain generative mechanisms were found to have important impact on the emergence and growth of task and process driven organisations. The generative mechanisms are: staff opens for visibility, cooperation across borders, im- proved deliberative structure of meetings, better coupling between leadership and staff, getting staff ownership from many tasks and wide participation in activities, more systematic developmental processes, improvements visible for children and students, in-take of news from other sites and research. These mechanisms also express meaning to staffs’ use of the concept ‘process driven’. In many of these processes especially process leaders used artifacts and tem- plates learned during the course. Our analyses indicate that an important facet of task and process driven organisations were that a temporary developmental organisation was drawn up and modelled. Similar structures were not in place, or malfunctioned, in the operative organisation for routine work.
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| 24. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
-
Rektorers praktiker i möte med utvecklingsarbete : Möjligheter och hinder för planerad förändring
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on how principals’ practices in improvement work are formed and how these practices affect principals’ possibilities to work with planned change. The study takes its departure from ten Upper Secondary School principals’ improvement work concerning enterprise education. The study has an action research approach and was carried out between June 2009 and September 2010. The aim of the study is to generate knowledge about principals’ practices in improvement work and of action research as a strategy for principals in planned change in relation to these practices. The theoretical framework is based on practice theories (Kemmis & Grootenboer, 2008; Schatzki, 2002). According to these theories, a practice is formed in a project that shows what the practice is aiming for by practitioners’ sayings, doings and relatings. Furthermore, Kemmis and Grootenboer (2008) claim that practices are shaped by arrangements outside the practitioners; cultural-discursive, material-economic and social-political arrangements. Findings show that what becomes meaningful for principals to engage in is not formed only by the aim of the planned improvement work, but also by already existing practices competing for space and by arrangements constraining principals’ possibilities to work with planned change. Many practices and projects were competing on the arena where the improvement work was planned to proceed. Some of the projects, ‘leading the improvement work’, ‘understanding what enterprise education is about’ and ‘making changes for enterprise education’ promoted the planned change. Others, projects like ‘organizing the daily work’, ‘avoiding dispute with teachers’ and ‘pretending to succeed’, constrained the planned change. Furthermore, cultural-discursive arrangements like abstract ideas of what the principals were supposed to create conditions for, as well as social-political arrangements like asymmetric relationships between the principals, and expectations from the local school board for quick solutions, enabled practices that constrained the planned change. Practices and arrangements like those in the study made it difficult for the principals to engage in action research as a strategy for change. Based on the results, principals’ possibilities to work with planned change are discussed in relation to the matter of context, dialogue as an improvement strategy, the aim for the improvement work and demands for quick solutions. The thesis contributes with knowledge about planned change and it contributes to the discussion about what kind of arrangements could support principals to initiate and lead school improvement. It also shows the importance of practice analyses in school improvement processes.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
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Rätt riktade ledarhandlingar
- 2019. - 1
-
Ingår i: Didaktisk utvecklingsdialog. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144125749 ; , s. 145-146
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
-
Styrning för lärarautonomi i samverkan mellan akademi och skola
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Paideia. - Frederikshavn : Dafolo Forlag. - 1904-9633. ; :23, s. 21-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna artikel presenterar en studie om hur lärares autonomi möjliggörs och begränsas i två olika samverkansprojekt mellan forskare och lärare. Sådan samverkan sägs riskera att styra lärare snarare än att stärka dem. Den presenterade studien visar dock att autonomi kan utvecklas i styrd samverkan, men också undergrävas vid utebliven styrning. Att samverkansmodeller delvis också är styrningsmodeller behöver således inte vara ett problem. Ledarskap, ägarskap och ansvar krävs i samverkan för lärarautonomi. Forskare och skolledare bör ta ett gemensamt ansvar för att hörsamma lärare och i partnerskap utveckla den samverkanskompetens som behövs för balans mellan autonomi och styrning.
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| 30. |
- Nehez, Jaana, et al.
(författare)
-
Teachers translating new knowledge about middle leading in a school and a preschool
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Redress. - 1039-382X. ; 27:1, s. 14-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Swedish education, there is an ongoing shift from schools being organisations where teachers teach and head teachers lead to schools being more complex organisations with the ambition to distribute the leadership among both school leaders and teachers. Signs of this shift include new career positions for teachers such as lead teachers, facilitators and professional development leaders. Teachers with these roles have a formal or informal position as middle leaders, similar to what has happened in Anglo-American countries such as Australia and the US. However, the development in the Nordic countries is more recent. This recent shift is a consequence of an increased focus on international assessments and comparisons such as PISA and TIMMS tests. Local schools have to adapt to continuously changing conditions and constantly prove that they provide quality education in comparison with other schools and preschools. They are under pressure to update themselves continuously on best practice in education, and to respond to new political initiatives and the latest educational research. This tends to lead to an increased responsibility for both school leaders and teachers in middle leader positions. In this article, we look at the new kinds of leadership that have emerged in response to this context, that is, teachers in new middle leader positions whose job it is to develop schools educationally. This idea of middle leadership has travelled into the Swedish context and is now being translated differently by schools depending on their local context. Each author of this article has been involved in one municipality’s struggle to adapt to this situation. In the Swedish municipality of Helsingborg, the schools and preschools are organised into four different districts. In one district, the headteachers agreed to implement what they chose to call process leaders, who are teachers with a responsibility to lead various professional development processes at their schools and preschools. To support these teachers in taking on this new role, a course on professional development and school development was established by the municipal school development office. The course supported teachers in how to lead school-wide processes of professional development. Two professional strategic developers working at the local school board, with expertise in professional and school development and also teacher leadership, led the course. We focus on how the teachers at one school and one preschool translated some of the knowledge from the professional development course to their own teaching and leading practices. The emphasis is mainly on the contextualisation process, or on how ideas and tools from the course were taken up and translated in different ways into new practices at the school and preschool. Studying how ideas and tools are brought into practice is important in order to understand how to bring about changes in schools and preschools. However, despite a great deal of research in this area, the actual practices that support school-wide change, particularly when it comes to teacher leadership, are poorly understood. This article will hopefully help teachers and leaders understand how such change may work, using concepts of translation. Viewing the process of change as a translation makes the process leaders translators of new knowledge. When bringing the new knowledge into their school and preschool, they can use different translation rules for different purposes. They can copy, add, omit or alter the knowledge in the process of contextualising it into their own practice, leading to great diversity in outcomes. In this article, we will describe such processes in greater detail.
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| 31. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
-
Theory of practice architectures to understand possibilities and constraints in principals’ improvement practices
- 2019
-
Ingår i: NERA 2019, Education in a Globalized World. 6-8 March, 2019, Uppsala, Sweden. ; , s. 890-891
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research Topic: This paper illustrates how we can use theory of practice architectures to understand what becomes meaningful for principals to do in school improvement. We often simplify principals’ possibilities to improve schools, which does not support principals’ improvement practices. Instead, we need to make the complexity in improvement practices visible.Theory and Aim: The study focus principals’ actions in improvement in relation to context. It takes its departure from ten principals’ improvement concerning conditions for enterprise education. The research questions are: 1) what do principals do in a school improvement work and how do their actions change over time, and 2) how do the context form their actions?Methodology: The analysis is based on the theory of practice architectures (Kemmis, et al, 2014). A practice is formed by sayings, doings and relatings that hang together in a project. A project is what a practice is aiming for. Furthermore, cultural-discursive, material-economic and social-political arrangements shape and constrain the practice. So how a practice turns out is dependent on cultural-discursive, material-economical and socio-political arrangements. By analysing projects in principals’ improvement work, I show what principals are trying to uphold and what dilemmas they are trying to solve in their practice. By analysing the arrangements, I show why some projects overshadow other projects.The participants are a team of eleven upper secondary school principals at the same school. The research object was the arena where the principals met to discuss, reflect on and to create conditions for enterprise education. The empirical material, collected during one year, consisted of field notes from observations of joint principal meetings, transcripts from focus group conversations with the principals about their improvement practices, and of principals’ as well as mine written log notes.Findings: The results show six practices competed on the arena where the principals where supposed to work with the improvement work. Three of them enabled the intended improvement practices. The other three constrained the intended practice. In addition, over time they overshadowed the first three. Cultural-discursive arrangements like abstract ideas of what the principals´ were supposed to created conditions for as well as social-political arrangements like asymmetric relationships between the principals and expectations from the local school board on quick solutions enabled practices that constrained the planned change. What became meaningful for the principals engage in were not the planned improvement practice, but other already existing practices.Relevance to Nordic research: With the theory of practice architecture, it becomes obvious why school improvement from principals point of view is challenging. Analyses based on the theory contributes to the discussion about what kind of arrangements could support principals to motivate, initiate and lead school improvement. It also shows the importance of analyzing every unique context when planning improvement work to be able to understand what needs to be changed to strengthen principals’ improvement practices.
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| 32. |
- Nehez, Jaana, 1974-
(författare)
-
To be, or not to be, that is not the question : External researchers in emancipatory action research
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Educational action research. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0965-0792 .- 1747-5074. ; 32:1, s. 90-105
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article nuances an ongoing discussion among researchers about external researchers in emancipatory action research in the educational field. It examines opportunities and challenges for emancipatory action research for participants in top-down and bottom-up initiated action research projects with external researchers. An analysis based on variables for studying critical emancipatory action research highlights four central questions in both projects: whose choice, improvement for what, whose voice and improvement for whom. An external researcher could empower the understanding of the participants involved in terms of what to improve, contribute to all voices being heard, and strengthen improvements in those who were not in position of power in both top-down and bottom-up initiated action research. However, in the top-down initiative, the external researcher could not emancipate the participants in relation to the question whose choice it is to conduct action research, unlike in the bottom-up initiative. The findings indicate that involving external researchers in action research aiming for emancipation or not is not the relevant question. Instead, the question of relevance is what is required from external researchers in order to contribute to emancipation, a central question for all participants, for developing meaningful collaboration between school organisations and universities. © 2022 The Author(s).
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| 33. |
- Olin, Anette, et al.
(författare)
-
Action research education influencing teachers’ development work
- 2019
-
Ingår i: CARN-ALARA 2019, Imagine Tomorrow - Practitioner Learning for the Future. ; , s. 88-88
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teachers are expected to develop and follow up their practices in order to create thebest possible opportunities for student learning and growth. Action research providesprocesses and tools for such an approach and for this reason, some universities inthe Nordic countries have integrated action research into their teacher educationand in-service programs. Action research is not primarily technical when it comes toinvestigating practices but rather strives for critical thinking and thereby empowermentfor teachers. Expectations and traditions collide under those circumstances and thequestion is what action research education leads to.In this symposium we want to explore (1) if and how teachers, through studyingand practicing action research, develop their practices and knowledge, (2) How theeducation itself and the schools where the teachers work nurture or constrain teachers’development work.In Sweden, we have interviewed teachers participating in master programs givenat two universities (Gothenburg and Halmstad). The focus in the interviews was onwhether their practices in schools have changed and if so how the education hasinfluenced those changes. In Finland, teachers, who have conducted action researchas part of an in-service course at Åbo Akademi University, have been interviewedwith the same research focus. In Sweden, one teacher, who participated in the masterprogram in Gothenburg, has studied herself in her new role as teacher educator/facilitator at the University and present results from this study.Our results contribute with knowledge on how educational action researchemerges, sometimes easily and sometimes with more difficulties, in two Nordiccontexts as a way for teachers to become owners of their own development work.
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| 34. |
- Olin, Anette, et al.
(författare)
-
Processledare för skolutveckling. Uppföljning av införandet av processledare i ett verksamhetsområde i Helsingborg
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The report details a follow-up study commissioned by the municipality of Helsingborg and conducted by a research group in School Development at Gothenburg University. The study is designed to build a partnership between the municipality and the research group, where the results from this study will serve as a starting point for further collaborative projects. A new kind of middle leaders has been introduced into the school and preschool organisations, socalled process leaders. In previous research, similar roles as development leaders or change agents have been described. The local authority aims at promoting school improvement and professional development. The study aims at reviewing the introductory phase of implementing process leaders in the school and preschool organisations. The questions in focus are: • How is the process leaders’ work organised? • How is the process leaders’ work steered? • What tasks do the process leaders work with? Two types of methods have been used: (a) a survey to all schools/preschools where process leaders have been implemented and (b) interviews with all principals at those schools/preschools and the head of the school administration department. All teachers at the schools and preschools in the area, including the process leaders, have answered the survey. The results from the survey, focusing on collective self-efficacy, show that so far the process leaders’ have not influenced their colleagues’ work in any major way, especially not for those already having a good and critical collaboration going on. The impact of the process leaders’ work in this phase, also to a small extent, reaches the class room work. However, impact is apparent in the practice of meetings between teachers. The interviews were conducted as focus group discussions with two to four principals in each group. The topics focused on (a) what the process leaders were doing at each school/preschool and (b) what the principals thought about their work. Results show that the process leaders so far mostly work with micro processes such as facilitating peer meetings about pedagogical issues, which therefore have been improved. Still there is a general aspiration among the principals that the process leaders should be more involved in macro processes of the organisational work, such as planning and leading the strategic work of school development. However, we notice that the study also reveals that there are different opinions about the benefit of having process leaders in the schools/preschools at all. Some principals, describing the need to be in control of all the processes going on in their organisations, see the process leaders as somewhat of a threat. On the other hand, other principals describe a distributed leadership as their vision, and highlight the possibility to better improve school development with the help of their process leaders’ work.
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| 35. |
- Olin, Anette, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Processledare för skolutveckling. Uppföljning av införandet av processledare i ett verksamhetsområde i Helsingborg.
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna rapport, som tagits fram i samarbete mellan Helsingborgs stad och Göteborgs universitet, presenteras en uppföljning av kommunens satsning på att införa processledare på alla skolor och förskolor i ett av Helsingborgs verksamhetsområden. En kartläggning har genomförts av initieringen och nuläget i satsningen och mer specifikt har svar sökts på frågorna: • Hur är processledarnas arbete organiserat? • Hur styrs arbetet? • Vilka uppgifter arbetar processledare med? I en enkätundersökning till alla skolor och förskolor i området framkommer att betydelsen av processledarnas arbete i denna fas inte i någon stor utsträckning påverkat lärarnas arbete i klassrummen men däremot uppmärksammas en skillnad i lärarnas mötespraktik. I gruppintervjuer med alla rektorer och förskolechefer redogörs för vad processledarna arbetat med. Främst har arbetet rört mikroprocesser, såsom handledning vid pedagogiska diskussioner, men det finns ett önskemål om att processledarna i större utsträckning ska arbeta med makroprocesser, såsom ledning av strategiskt skolutvecklingsarbete. Intressant är att rektorer och förskolechefer har olika åsikter om nyttan av att ha processledare i sina organisationer. En del ser dem som ett hot mot det egna ledarskapet och en del som viktiga för att åstadkomma förbättring i sina verksamheter.
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| 36. |
- Rönnerman, Karin, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Doktorander som kreativa brobyggare – samtal om läraryrkets praktik ur ett nordiskt perspektiv
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Paper presenterat på Högskolepedagogisk konferens vid Göteborgs universitet(HKG2013), 17 oktober 2013..
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En vanlig undervisningsform i forskarutbildningen är föreläsningar av en kunnig forskare inom sitt område. En annan är seminarier där litteraturen bearbetas, diskuteras och reflekteras över. Ofta avslutas en kurs på forskarnivå med ett individuellt skriftligt paper där doktoranden ska relatera kursinnehållet till sin avhandling. Mindre vanligt är att det förekommer interaktiva former för doktoranders lärande. I detta paper presenteras en interaktiv workshop, i vilken 12 doktorander och två lärare deltog. Temat för detta event var nordisk forskning om lärarprofessionen. Syftet med paperet är att presentera och diskutera lärandet hos doktoranderna utifrån att de deltagit i både planering och genomförandet av en workshop där de tagit ansvar för både helheten och specifika delar. Planeringen av workshopen tog ungefär ett år, en tid då samtliga doktorander var delaktiga i de olika diskussioner och urval som krävdes för att hitta ett antal forskare att bjuda in. I ett första steg gjordes en inventeringen av nordiska avhandlingar publicerade mellan 2002-2011 som handlade om läraryrket och som resulterade i den bibliografi omfattade 15 A4 sidor. I ett andra steg valdes några avhandlingar från varje land och i ett tredje avgränsades publikationsår. Sista steget innebar en sammanställning av sex avhandlingar utifrån majoritetsprincipen. I doktorandgruppen har urvalet diskuterats vid flera seminarier. Doktoranderna har valt en avhandling var som de önskade fördjupa sig i. Diskussioner har förts kring vilka frågor kring innehållet som är relevanta samt hur workshop skulle planeras och genomföras. Både innehåll och form har således varit aktuellt. De områden och frågor som diskuterats fram låg till grund för genomförandet av workshopen som varade i två dagar. Varje inbjuden författare fick ca 20 minuter att presentera sin avhandling därefter ställde två doktorander fördjupande frågor till innehållet under ca 20 minuter. Forskaren avslutade seminariet med att berätta hur hen gått vidare med sin forskning efter disputation. Hela workshopen avslutades med en paneldebatt ledd av de tolv doktoranderna med utgångspunkt i de områden de lyft fram som kunde hittas i samtliga avhandlingar. Resultatet av workshopen kan betecknas i termer av en lärandegemenskap där doktoranderna själva uttrycker att de lärt av processen och fått perspektiv på sitt eget avhandlingsarbete. Lärandet kan betraktas i termer av både färdigheter, kritisk analys och. En sista steg i arbetet kommer att ske genom att färdigställa en rapport av workshopen, i vilken doktorandernas lärande kommer att beskrivas.
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| 37. |
- Schildkamp, Kim, et al.
(författare)
-
From data to learning : A data team Professional Learning Network
- 2018. - 1
-
Ingår i: Networks for Learning. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 9781138244764 - 9781138244757 - 9781315276649 ; , s. 75-91
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses on a data team as a Professional Learning Network. Data teams are teams of teachers and school leaders who collaboratively use data to solve a specific educational problem in their school. The focus is on school improvement and professional development in data use. The chapter explains the concept of data use or data-based decision making. Examples of data include student achievement results, student background information, surveys, and classroom observations. Data-based decision making pertains to using these systematically collected quantitative and/or qualitative data to base decisions on. The chapter describes the specific data team intervention. The data team intervention focuses on professional development of teachers and school leaders in the use of data, with the ultimate goal of school improvement. The chapter also focuses on one specific data team from Sweden. It provides the factors that can enable or hinder the work of a data team.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Sülau, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
-
Learning Leading - Responsiveness in Leading Professional Learning
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Professional Development in Education. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1941-5257 .- 1941-5265.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teachers’ professional learning is closely connected to and dependent on different leading practices. Teachers professional learning is regarded as a key factor in successful school development, and development leaders at different levels are assigned to provide for and support such learning. However, the connection between leading and learning needs to be further explored. In this article, we focus specifically on development leaders’ leading practice when leading professional learning. Based on the theory of practice architectures, the study explores the interplay between development leaders and teacher leaders in a professional development programme, where the leading and learning practices of the different leaders meet. The findings show that development leaders’ leading practice is characterised by responsiveness to ideas of successful leading, to experiences and observations of leading practices, to teacher leaders’ understanding and to their own leading practices. Through these types of responsiveness, a formative aspect of leading unfolds where the interplay between development leaders’ leading and teacher leaders’ learning practices appears. We refer to this as learning leading.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
-
Undervisning i förskolan. Förskollärare och forskare i dialog om didaktiska dilemman.
- 2024
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Undervisning som fenomen är inte något nytt i förskolan men det har oftast inte benämnts just undervisning. Sedan undervisningsbegreppet för förskolan infördes i skollagen år 2010 och i läroplanen 2018 har dock diskussionen om begreppet varit livlig bland både förskolans pedagoger och förskoleforskare. I denna bok definierar 13 förskollärare undervisningen i förskolan i form av didaktiska dilemman. I varje kapitel beskrivs ett undervisningsfall som sedan bearbetas i en dialog med forskare och andra förskollärare som kommenterar dilemmat ur sina perspektiv. Avslutningsvis reflekterar förskollärarna över dialogen och drar slutsatser som bidrar till ny didaktisk kunskap, sprungen ur och avsedd för förskolan. Undervisning i förskolan. Förskollärare och forskare i dialog om didaktiska dilemman vänder sig till förskollärare och annan personal i förskolan samt förskollärarstudenter som vill diskutera och utveckla sin kunskap och handlingskompetens när det kommer till undervisning i förskolan. Boken är även intressant som ett bidrag till utvecklingen av förskolans didaktiska kunskapsfält.
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| 42. |
- Urbas, Anders, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
First Teacher Assignments in the light of Responsibility and Accountability
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is increasing attention to the role of education in teaching environmental issues such as climate change (Teach the Future, n.d.). Whilst environmental issues are science-dependent, science is not sufficient to respond to today’s environmental challenges. Yet internationally, science and geography are those subjects most likely to include environmental content (UNESCO, 2021). In England, students can expect to learn about environmental challenges including climate change, biodiversity and pollution during their compulsory science education (DfE, 2013). These topics are often controversial, rife with moral tensions (Zeidler, Herman, & Sadler, 2019), and characterised by both descriptive facts and normative values. The values often deal with solutions to the problems, what kind of actions can be taken on an individual or societal level and even what kind of society is preferred. This makes the issues both scientific and political. Yet little is known about how politics enters the science classroom. In this study, we aim to understand how environmental politics enters the classroom, and how science teachers address different approaches to political participation with their students.In order to develop democratic environmental governance, there is a need for representation of different groups of people, opportunities for participation and for spaces for deliberation (Lidskog & Elander, 2007), i.e. for politics. Schools are potential sites for participation and deliberation and for learning democracy (Biesta & Lawy, 2006). Politics can be defined in different ways, from a narrow focus on electoral processes to broader conceptualisations which include different ways of making decisions and shaping power relations. In this study, we are concerned with power and social change (Dahl & Stinebrickner, 2003) i.e. “the capacity for agency and deliberation in situations of genuine collective or social choice” (Hay, 2007, p. 77) through science education. This definition of politics goes beyond electoral and party politics and includes activities outside formal political institutions. This is in accordance with Heywood (1999)’s characterisation of politics as an a social activity that arises out of interaction between or among people, which develops out of diversity (the existence of different interests, wants, needs and goals), and which relates to collective decisions which are regarded as binding upon a group of people. Carter (2018) identifies the environment as a policy problem for several reasons, including that the environment can be considered a public good, with complex and interdependent relationships between people and ecosystems acting across national borders with consequences felt into the future.This characterisation of politics is relevant to the study context as education is a social activity which brings together people with different views, interests and goals in relation to the environment, and it is a context in which collective decisions can be made, for example, about how the school function, what is taught (and how), and what actions or outcomes are desirable as a result of education. Not all of these actions and outcomes can be considered political and we see politics as related to societal engagement and political participation more broadly. Ekman and Amnå (2012) have developed a typology of different forms of participation in society. They distinguish between (a) non-participation (disengagement); (b) civic participation (latent political), whether social involvement or civic engagement; and (c) political participation (manifest political), which can be formal political participation or activism. Each of these three types of participation are further classified in terms of individual and collective forms. In this study, we use Ekman and Amnå’s (2012) typology to understand the ways in which teachers address the political dimensions of the environment in school science. The research question we set out to explore in the study is: how do science teachers address political participation in science education?Methodology, Methods, Research Instruments or Sources UsedAn exploratory qualitative approach was used to understand science teachers’ perceptions and approaches to environmental politics. We focused on science teachers with responsibility for teaching students aged 11-16 in England because we were interested in what students experience during their compulsory secondary science education, where the curriculum demands that they learn about ecosystems and the environment. A deductive approach to instrument design was used, drawing on Ekman and Amnå’s (2012) typology of latent and manifest political participation and non-participation (see Table 1 above) in the design of the interview guide and in the analysis of data to understand the ways in which politics enters the science classroom. Given the potentially sensitive nature of some of the questions, we used one-to-one interviews, conducted online to increase the geographical reach, and minimise the need for travel. The interview guide contained open-ended questions on science teachers’ perspectives on and experiences of teaching environmental politics in science education. We deliberately did not ask about educational policy; only about teachers’ own experiences, practices, personal perspectives and barriers they encountered. Participants were provided with an infographic using examples from Ekman and Amnå’s (2012) typology and asked to mark ways of participating in society which they had:planned and taught (green); mentioned in passing or in response to a question from a student (orange); and, never addressed (red). The interview focused on reasons for these decisions. Interviews were conducted by three members of the research team and took place in January - June 2022. Each lasted approximately 1 hour. Interviews with 11 teachers were recorded and transcribed and interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) (Smith, 2004) used to analyse the data. This approach aims not at generalisation but rather to understand how individuals make sense of their own experiences (Guihen, 2019), namely, how politics enters the science classroom. IPA is typically used to generate meaningful insights from a small dataset, often in psychology and health sciences. It is appropriate here because it provides a way to understand how participants make sense of their social world, it allows for diversity of perceptions rather than looking for a single objective truth and it allows researchers to interpret these experiences and understand the perspective of an insider and then interpret what it means for them to have this perspective (Reid, Flowers, & Larkin, 2005). An iterative approach to data analysis was used, with reflexive discussions between each stage of analysis. Conclusions, Expected Outcomes or FindingsTeachers participating in this study saw a place for politics in science education. However, it was described as almost absent in lessons. Teachers were more likely to discuss individual, legal, forms of participation, focusing on civil (latent political) actions rather than collective, manifest forms of participating. Even when politics enters the classroom, it tends to be students rather than teachers who introduce the topic, unless there are links to the curriculum or other legal and political frameworks. Policy (national and school) and colleague and student perceptions prevented teachers from planning to discuss manifest forms of political participation with students. Politics (especially collective aspects) are experienced as off-limits to teachers in the study. This post-political logic distances people (here, young people but also teachers) from involvement in decision-making and reduces their capacity to be involved in environmental decision-making now and in the future. These absences, we argue, contribute to a broader societal trend which closes off spaces to discuss and celebrate disagreement (Blühdorn & Deflorian, 2021), and which diminish the potential for young people to learn democracy. In order to develop democratic governance of environmental issues, there is a need for representation, opportunities for participation and for spaces for deliberation (Liskog & Elander, 2007). Schools are in many ways ideal sites to encourage political participation as they are shared spaces of learning - both about forms of participation but also how to participate and to deliberate across disagreement, or as one of the teachers in this study put it ‘we need to teach them how to use their voice properly and how to be heard’. This requires those who are in positions where they can act to listen to these voices and engage in deliberation and bring politics - as the capacity to deliberate and make collective decisions - into the science classroom.
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| 43. |
- Wennergren, Ann-Christine, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Lärarstudenters förmåga att resonera om undervisning
- 2024
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Ingår i: VFU-handledares betydelse för lärarstudenters praktiska yrkeskunnande. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. ; , s. 109-125
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 44. |
- Wennergren, Ann-Christine, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Trepartssamtal med digitala observationsunderlag – en framgångsfaktor för lärarstudenters deltagande och resonemang
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordvei: Nordisk tidsskrift i veiledningspedagogikk. - Bergen : University of Bergen. - 2535-3047. ; 8:1, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syftet med studien var att generera kunskap om digitala trepartssamtal för utveckling av lärarstudenters praktiska yrkeskunnande. Vi har undersökt vad som kännetecknar lärarstudenters resonemang om sin undervisning i trepartssamtal. Studien genomfördes under studenters sista period av verksamhetsförlagd utbildning där ett nytt distanskoncept för trepartssamtal prövades. Analysen av 16 samtal, vilka baserades på digitala observationsunderlag, visar att merparten av deltagarna hade granskat och reflekterat över underlagen, att studenten fick stort talutrymme och att några av egen kraft förde utvecklade resonemang om sin undervisning. Tre teman kunde urskiljas: studenter motiverar sina didaktiska val, studenter ger olika handlingsalternativ och studenter identifierar konsekvenser för eleverna. Vi konstaterar att det finns ett samband mellan kvaliteten i studenters resonemang över sin undervisning, delade observationsunderlag samt utrymme i tid mellan observation och handledning. Det implicerar att de flesta observationsunderlag innehöll tillräcklig god kvalitet för att kunna resonera över undervisning som legitima deltagare.
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| 45. |
- Wennergren, Ann-Christine, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Vägar framåt för VFU-handledning med kvalitet
- 2024
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Ingår i: VFU-handledares betydelse för lärarstudenters praktiska yrkeskunnande. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. ; , s. 205-217
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Zhang, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
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Our way(s) to action research : Doctoral students’ international and interdisciplinary collective memory work
- 2014
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Ingår i: Action Research. - London, UK : SAGE Publications. - 1476-7503 .- 1741-2617 .- 0264-5122. ; 12:3, s. 293-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study involved six Swedish and Canadian doctoral students who shared interests in using action research in professional education in different disciplines. We employed Noffke’s three dimensions of action research as a theoretical framework (i.e., the Professional, the Personal, and the Political). Using collective biography as a methodology, we cooperatively examined how our personal and professional agendas and macro-level structures have been shaping our intentions to conduct action research projects in our respective disciplines. The key findings of this international and interdisciplinary collective biography relate our growing awareness of the intimacy between research and life in vari- ous professional and geographic contexts. Collectively addressing our shared frustrations, we celebrated action research as a methodology that attends to the dynamic and concrete lived experiences of our participants in various spatio-temporalities. Reflecting upon the hybridity of our own researcher identities, we were also able to see the intimate relation between ourselves as active citizens and critical action researchers who are determined to take up the challenges and engage in critically oriented action research that could nurture more ‘‘caring,’’ ‘‘empowering,’’ and ‘‘transforming’’ public spheres.
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