| 1. |
- Alseekh, Saleh, et al.
(author)
-
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics: a guide for annotation, quantification and best reporting practices
- 2021
-
In: Nature Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 18:7, s. 747-756
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This Perspective, from a large group of metabolomics experts, provides best practices and simplified reporting guidelines for practitioners of liquid chromatography- and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approaches can enable detection and quantification of many thousands of metabolite features simultaneously. However, compound identification and reliable quantification are greatly complicated owing to the chemical complexity and dynamic range of the metabolome. Simultaneous quantification of many metabolites within complex mixtures can additionally be complicated by ion suppression, fragmentation and the presence of isomers. Here we present guidelines covering sample preparation, replication and randomization, quantification, recovery and recombination, ion suppression and peak misidentification, as a means to enable high-quality reporting of liquid chromatography- and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics-derived data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981, et al.
(author)
-
“Power Base” Tactics for Workplace Change – an Interview Study with Industrial Engineers and Ergonomists
- 2017
-
In: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 60:5, s. 613-627
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The work activities of Industrial Engineers (IEs) and Ergonomists drive workplace changes. The purpose of this study is to compare the work practices of the two professions and examine 1) how IEs and ergonomists gain influence over workplace changes, and 2) whether there are prevailing types of intentional interaction behaviours called Power Bases (PB), present in the interactiontactics they employ. The study identified key behavioural strategies used by the interviewees to successfully influence workplace changes; these were then mapped to their corresponding PB. Results showed that IEs and Ergonomists were successfully influencing workplace changes using several tactics across the spectrum of power bases, with the exception of Reward and Coercion. The study concludes with a list of recommended workplace change agent tactics, and proposes that a PB “analytical lens” can serve to increase the budding ergonomist’s critical and analytical skills when considering possible workplace change tactics.
|
|
| 3. |
- Blauhut, Veit, et al.
(author)
-
Lessons from the 2018-2019 European droughts : a collective need for unifying drought risk management
- 2022
-
In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981. ; 22:6, s. 2201-2217
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Drought events and their impacts vary spatially and temporally due to diverse pedo-climatic and hydrologic conditions, as well as variations in exposure and vulnerability, such as demographics and response actions. While hazard severity and frequency of past drought events have been studied in detail, little is known about the effect of drought management strategies on the actual impacts and how the hazard is perceived by relevant stakeholders. In a continental study, we characterised and assessed the impacts and the perceptions of two recent drought events (2018 and 2019) in Europe and examined the relationship between management strategies and drought perception, hazard, and impact. The study was based on a pan-European survey involving national representatives from 28 countries and relevant stakeholders responding to a standard questionnaire. The survey focused on collecting information on stakeholders' perceptions of drought, impacts on water resources and beyond, water availability, and current drought management strategies on national and regional scales. The survey results were compared with the actual drought hazard information registered by the European Drought Observatory (EDO) for 2018 and 2019. The results highlighted high diversity in drought perception across different countries and in values of the implemented drought management strategies to alleviate impacts by increasing national and sub-national awareness and resilience. The study identifies an urgent need to further reduce drought impacts by constructing and implementing a European macro-level drought governance approach, such as a directive, which would strengthen national drought management and mitigate damage to human and natural assets.
|
|
| 4. |
- Blauhut, Veit, et al.
(author)
-
Lessons from the 2018–2019 European droughts: A collective need for unifying drought risk management
- 2021
-
In: Natural hazards and earth system sciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1561-8633 .- 1684-9981.
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Drought events and their impacts vary spatially and temporally due to diverse pedo-climatic and hydrologic conditions, as well as variations in exposure and vulnerability, such as demographics and response actions. While hazardous severity and frequency of past drought events have been studied in detail, little is known about the effect of drought management strategies on the actual impacts, and how the hazard is perceived by relevant stakeholders for inducing action. In a continental study, we characterised and assessed the impacts and the perceptions of two recent drought events (2018 and 2019) in Europe and examined the relationship between management strategies and drought perception, hazard and impacts. The study was based on a pan-European survey involving national representatives from 28 countries and relevant stakeholders responding to a standard questionnaire. The survey focused on collecting information on stakeholders’ perceptions of drought, impacts on water resources and beyond, water availability and current drought management strategies at national and regional scales. The survey results were compared with the actual drought hazard information registered by the European Drought Observatory (EDO) for 2018 and 2019. The results highlighted high diversity in drought perceptions across different countries and in values of implemented drought management strategies to alleviate impacts by increasing national and sub-national awareness and resilience. The study concludes with an urgent need to further reduce drought impacts by constructing and implementing a European macro-level drought governance approach, such as a directive, which would strengthen national drought management and lessen harm to human and natural potentials.
|
|
| 5. |
- Boeddinghaus, Jasper, et al.
(author)
-
Impact of age on the performance of the ESC 0/1h-algorithms for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction
- 2018
-
In: European Heart Journal. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 39:42, s. 3780-3794
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims We aimed to evaluate the impact of age on the performance of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/1h-algorithms and to derive and externally validate alternative cut-offs specific to older patients. Methods and results We prospectively enrolled patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with symptoms suggestive of and results acute myocardial infarction in three large diagnostic studies. Final diagnoses were adjudicated by two independent cardiologists. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) T and I concentrations were measured at presentation and after 1 h. Patients were stratified according to age [<55 years (young), >= 55 to <70 years (middle-age), >= 70 years (old)]. Rule-out safety of the ESC hs-cTnT 0/1h-algorithm was very high in all age-strata: sensitivity 100% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 94.9-100] in young, 99.3% (95% CI 96.0-99.9) in middle-age, and 99.3% (95% CI 97.599.8) in old patients. Accuracy of rule-in decreased with age: specificity 97.0% (95% CI 95.8-97.9) in young, 96.1% (95% CI 94.5-97.2) in middle-age, and 92.7% (95% CI 90.7-94.3) in older patients. Triage efficacy decreased with increasing age (young 93%, middle-age 80%, old 55%, P <0.001). Similar results were found for the ESC hs-cTnT 0/1h-algorithm. Alternative, slightly higher cut-off concentrations optimized for older patients maintained very high safety of rule-out, increased specificity of rule-in (P< 0.01), reduced overall efficacy for hs-cTnT (P <0.01), while maintaining efficacy for hs-cTnl. Findings were confirmed in two validation cohorts (n = 2767). Conclusion While safety of the ESC 0/1h-algorithms remained very high, increasing age significantly reduced overall efficacy and the accuracy of rule-in. Alternative slightly higher cut-off concentrations may be considered for older patients, particularly if using hs-cTnl.
|
|
| 6. |
- Cole, DC, et al.
(author)
-
Methodological issues in evaluating workplace interventions to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders through mechanical exposure reduction
- 2003
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140. ; 29:5, s. 396-405
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Researchers of work-related musculoskeletal disorders are increasingly asked about the evidentiary base for mechanical exposure reductions. Mixed messages can arise from the different disciplinary cultures of evidence, and these mixed messages make different sets of findings incommensurate. Interventions also operate at different levels within workplaces and result in different intensities of mechanical exposure reduction. Heterogeneity in reporting intervention processes and in measuring relevant outcomes makes the synthesis of research reports difficult. As a means of synthesizing the current understanding of measures, this paper describes a set of intervention and observation nodes for which relevant workplace indicators prior to, during, and after mechanical exposure reduction can provide useful information. On the basis of this path of impacts from exposure reduction, an approach to the evaluation of multilevel ergonomic interventions is described that can assist fellow researchers in producing evidence relevant to the challenges faced by workplace parties and policy makers.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ek, Åsa, et al.
(author)
-
Safety Leadership in Two Types of Safety-Critical Systems
- 2021
-
In: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association, IEA 2021 - Systems and Macroergonomics. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2367-3389 .- 2367-3370. - 9783030746025 - 9783030746018 ; 219 LNNS, s. 655-663
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In safety-critical systems, such as aviation systems, nuclear power plants and hospitals, system failures can cause loss of life, environmental and property damage. Safety-critical systems consists of loose or tight interactions, they are more or less complex, and these characteristics affect the system’s ability to prevent and overcome emerging system failures. The demand for good safety cultures, and safe and efficient work within these types of systems highlight the crucial role of safety leadership. This paper reports on findings from a small pilot study with the aim of exploring whether safety leadership in practice differs according to the built in properties of complexity and coupling in safety-critical organizations. Based on a literature review on safety leadership, interviews were conducted with one leader at a nuclear power plant, and one at a university hospital. The two systems can be viewed to have separate characters and differences in the way work is performed. Contrasts existed between safety leadership within the nuclear power plant and the hospital setting concerning flexibility in the organizations. The hospital setting were more suitable for adaptability and flexibility in relation to dynamical decision hierarchies. The nuclear power plant setting was viewed as more rigid with tightly coupled interactions, and the leadership and safety culture might be extra crucial within this system. Nevertheless, both interviewees promoted a transformational and inspirational leadership style. However, transactional leadership was preferable in critical situations.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Eklund, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
-
Arbetsmiljöarbete och effekter : en kunskapsöversikt
- 2006
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Work environment improvements and effects a literature review This report addresses the question 'Do work-environment improvements have any effects?' The aim was to produce a summary of knowledge that includes the methodological problems of measuring and evaluating effects, as well as literature reviews of effects from work environment improvement efforts on musculoskeletal health, health promotion, and economy. Results show that published literature reviews do not give unambiguous support for
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Emerson, Joanne B., et al.
(author)
-
Diverse sediment microbiota shape methane emission temperature sensitivity in Arctic lakes
- 2021
-
In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Northern post-glacial lakes are significant, increasing sources of atmospheric carbon through ebullition (bubbling) of microbially-produced methane (CH4) from sediments. Ebullitive CH4 flux correlates strongly with temperature, reflecting that solar radiation drives emissions. However, here we show that the slope of the temperature-CH4 flux relationship differs spatially across two post-glacial lakes in Sweden. We compared these CH4 emission patterns with sediment microbial (metagenomic and amplicon), isotopic, and geochemical data. The temperature-associated increase in CH4 emissions was greater in lake middles—where methanogens were more abundant—than edges, and sediment communities were distinct between edges and middles. Microbial abundances, including those of CH4-cycling microorganisms and syntrophs, were predictive of porewater CH4 concentrations. Results suggest that deeper lake regions, which currently emit less CH4 than shallower edges, could add substantially to CH4 emissions in a warmer Arctic and that CH4 emission predictions may be improved by accounting for spatial variations in sediment microbiota.
|
|
| 12. |
- Finnsgård, Christian, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
Impact of materials exposure on assembly workstation performance
- 2011
-
In: International Journal of Production Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 49:24, s. 7253-7274
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper examines how the choice of materials exposure impacts workstation performance, in terms of non-value-adding work, space requirements and ergonomics. In a typical Swedish automotive setting, components are exposed in wooden pallets with frames beside the assembly line and supplied by forklift truck. In a case study, three workstations on an assembly line were studied and redesigned following the principles of lean production, using smaller plastic containers for the materials exposure. After the redesign, the space required for materials was reduced by 67%, non-value-adding work decreased by 20%, and walking distance was reduced by 52%. Furthermore, the ergonomics for the assembly operator improved greatly, with a 92% reduction of potentially harmful picking activities, thereby almost eliminating potentially harmful body movements. The theoretical contribution of this paper is firstly the development of an analysis model describing the impact of material exposure on workstation performance and secondly development of the existing categorization of work operations to include different materials handling activities. The most important managerial implication is an increased understanding of the relationship between space, ergonomics, non-value-adding work and materials exposure. These findings have direct implications on workstation design in industry.
|
|
| 13. |
- Finnsgård, Christian, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
The impact of materials exposure on the conditions at the workstation
- 2008
-
In: Proceedings of EurOMA conference, Groningen, The Netherlands.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of how the materials exposure impacts the workstation conditions, in terms of non-value adding work, the space needed and ergonomics. In a typical workstation in the Swedish Automotive industry materials for manual assembly are exposed along the line in pallets, being supplied by forklift trucks. In this study, three workstations were re-designed, using the principles of lean production, one was subsequently rebuilt and a pilot study was performed. Materials had previously been supplied and exposed in pallets and the re- design with smaller containers decreased the space needed along the line with 67%. The results included a decrease of the non-value adding work at the workstation of 23%. The walking path for the operator was decreased by 52%. Reducing picking of unbeneficial exposed materials, unnecessary movements and carrying work improved the ergonomics for the operator.
|
|
| 14. |
- Forsman, Mikael, et al.
(author)
-
Mechanical exposures in serial flow assembly - a proactive intervention research approach
- 2013
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The EU End of Life Vehicle (ELV) Directive 2000/53/EC has prompted rationalization initiatives to facilitate recycling of material and components from ELVs. In the present study, technical recordings were used to assess operators' mechanical exposures in a new serial flow system for full material recovery in car disassembly as compared with those of a previous study of traditional craft-type-parallel disassembly. Estimated task-specific mechanical exposures served as a base to simulate how further rationalisation may affect ergonomics in car disassembly. The time proportion of ‘direct work’ (deemed value-adding tasks) was about 30% in both systems, i.e. substantially lower than in modern forward factories. Movement velocities were higher in the new serial system, implying a higher risk for musculoskeletal disorders, while mixed results were found in the comparison of postures.Simulations revealed increased mechanical exposures, illustrated by increased time in high risk conditions, and decreased duration in low-exposure conditions, when indirect tasks and disturbances (deemed non-value-adding) were removed.This may illustrate the underlying mechanism of how rationalisations to eliminate "waste" can reduce valuable recovery time and increase employee injury risk over time.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Frazer, MB, et al.
(author)
-
The effects of job rotation on the risk of reporting low back pain
- 2003
-
In: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 46:9, s. 904-919
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Job rotation has been widely recommended as an administrative control to reduce the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence of its benefits are hard to find in the literature. The effect of job rotation on predictions for the risk of reporting low back pain was estimated using Low Back Pain Reporting (LBPR) and Time Weighted Average (TWA) approaches. Index scores calculated using the peak hand force, the peak L4/L5 shear force and the L4/L5 moment cumulated over the entire shift were used to estimate the effects of job rotation on the probability of reporting low back pain. Simulations of realistic rotations between two jobs showed that workers in low demand jobs who rotate into higher demand jobs experience a linear increase in reporting probability using the TWA approach. With the LBPR approach a step increase in reporting probability occurred because of the immediate exposure to the peak loading parameters associated with the more demanding job. With a 50-50 rotation the TWA and LBPR index scores increased by 39% and 57%, respectively. With the LBPR approach the redistribution of risk was not uniform with job rotation. The increase was greater for those who rotated into the demanding job compared to the reduction experienced by those who rotated out of the demanding job. The effects of job rotation are not easily estimated because of the complex effect that mixing jobs has on peak and cumulative tissue loading.
|
|
| 19. |
- Gallagher, Michael D., et al.
(author)
-
TMEM106B is a genetic modifier of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions
- 2014
-
In: Acta Neuropathologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 127:3, s. 407-418
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) have recently been linked to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and may be the most common genetic cause of both neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic variants at TMEM106B influence risk for the most common neuropathological subtype of FTLD, characterized by inclusions of TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (FTLD-TDP). Previous reports have shown that TMEM106B is a genetic modifier of FTLD-TDP caused by progranulin (GRN) mutations, with the major (risk) allele of rs1990622 associating with earlier age at onset of disease. Here, we report that rs1990622 genotype affects age at death in a single-site discovery cohort of FTLD patients with C9orf72 expansions (n = 14), with the major allele correlated with later age at death (p = 0.024). We replicate this modifier effect in a 30-site international neuropathological cohort of FTLD-TDP patients with C9orf72 expansions (n = 75), again finding that the major allele associates with later age at death (p = 0.016), as well as later age at onset (p = 0.019). In contrast, TMEM106B genotype does not affect age at onset or death in 241 FTLD-TDP cases negative for GRN mutations or C9orf72 expansions. Thus, TMEM106B is a genetic modifier of FTLD with C9orf72 expansions. Intriguingly, the genotype that confers increased risk for developing FTLD-TDP (major, or T, allele of rs1990622) is associated with later age at onset and death in C9orf72 expansion carriers, providing an example of sign epistasis in human neurodegenerative disease.
|
|
| 20. |
- Gleißner, Robert, et al.
(author)
-
Role of Oxidation–Reduction Dynamics in the Application of Cu/ZnO-Based Catalysts
- 2023
-
In: ACS Applied Nano Materials. - 2574-0970. ; 6:9, s. 8004-8016
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigated Cu nanoparticles (NPs) on vicinal and basal ZnO supports to obtain an atomistic picture of the catalyst’s structure under in situ oxidizing and reducing conditions. The Cu/ZnO model catalysts were investigated at elevated gas pressures by high energy grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS). We find that the Cu nanoparticles are fully oxidized to Cu2O under atmospheric conditions at room temperature. As the nanoparticles swell during oxidation, they maintain their epitaxy on basal ZnO (000 ± 1) surfaces, whereas on the vicinal ZnO (101̅4) surface, the nanoparticles undergo a coherent tilt. We find that the oxidation process is fully reversible under H2 flow at 500 K, resulting in predominantly well-aligned nanoparticles on the basal surfaces, whereas the orientation of Cu NPs on vicinal ZnO was only partially restored. The analysis of the substrate crystal truncation rods evidences the stability of basal ZnO surfaces under all gas conditions. No Cu–Zn bulk alloy formation is observed. Under CO2 flow, no diffraction signal from the nanoparticles is detected, pointing to their completely disordered state. The AP-XPS results are in line with the formation of CuO. Scanning electron microscopy images show that massive mass transport has set in, leading to the formation of larger agglomerates.
|
|
| 21. |
- Grosse, Eric H., et al.
(author)
-
Human-centric production and logistics system design and management: transitioning from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0
- 2023
-
In: International Journal of Production Research. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 61:22, s. 7749-7759
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Industry 4.0 was presented more than a decade ago as the fourth industrial revolution, aiming to significantly raise the level of sophistication of interconnected technologies and thus increase manufacturing industries’ profits. However, because the technology-driven narrow focus of Industry 4.0 on performance and profit fails to explain how to increase prosperity for all the stakeholders involved, the European Commission has introduced the concept of Industry 5.0. This vision overcomes the weaknesses of Industry 4.0 by paying explicit attention to outcomes for humans in the system and establishing an environment to create human-centric, resilient, and sustainable systems. Considering these developments, this position paper and editorial introducing the special issue of the International Journal of Production Research elaborates on the transition from Industry 4.0 to 5.0 through 10 papers focusing on the human-centric pillar of Industry 5.0 and its impacts on production and logistics system design and management. This work presents guidance for a more systemic approach needed in future research: to include empirically grounded works and data-driven multimethod approaches that consider diversity in system operators and human factors demands holistically in order to incorporate ethical implications missing from Industry 4.0–in the pursuit of Industry 5.0 systems.
|
|
| 22. |
- Hamp, Quirin, et al.
(author)
-
Study of efficiency of USAR operations with assistive technologies
- 2013
-
In: Advanced Robotics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0169-1864 .- 1568-5535. ; 27:5, s. 337-350
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents presents a study on eciency of Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) missions that has been carried out within the framework of the German research project I-LOV. After three years of development, first field tests have been carried out in 2011 by professionals such as the Rapid Deployment Unit for Salvage Operations Abroad (SEEBA). We present results from evaluating search teams in simulated USAR scenarios equipped with newly developed technical search means and digital data input terminals developed in the I-LOV project. In particular, USAR missions assisted by the “bioradar”, a ground-penetrating radar system for the detection of humanoid movements, a semi-active video probe of more than 10 m length for rubble pile exploration, a snake-like rescue robot, and the decision support system FRIEDAA were evaluated and compared with conventional USAR missions. Results of this evaluation indicate that the developed technologies represent an advantages for USAR missions, which are discussed in this paper.
|
|
| 23. |
- Hemphälä, Hillevi, et al.
(author)
-
Visual Symptoms and Risk Assessment Using Visual Ergonomics Risk Assessment Method (VERAM)
- 2021
-
In: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021) - Volume II : Inclusive Design - Inclusive Design. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2367-3389 .- 2367-3370. - 9783030746049 ; 220, s. 729-735, s. 729-735
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A visual environment impaired by e.g. glare can cause eyestrain, visual symptoms and musculoskeletal strain. A Visual Ergonomics Risk Assessment Method (VERAM) consisting of both a subjective questionnaire and an objective risk assessment, have been used at 217 workplaces, mainly computer work. VERAM can be used to examine and prevent deficiencies and increase wellbeing as well as detecting risks in the visual work environment and suggest measures that can be used to reduce the risks. The questionnaire showed that eyestrain, visual symptoms and musculoskeletal strain are common among Swedish workers. The overall risk assessments for glare and amount of illuminance on work surface are divided into three categories, green – no risk, yellow – risk, and red – high risk. Risk of glare and insufficient illuminance was present at 66% and 49% of the assessed workplaces, respectively. When the risk of glare and illuminance levels was rated as red, the frequency of the subjective strain was higher.
|
|
| 24. |
- Hernandez Bennetts, Victor, et al.
(author)
-
Mobile robots for localizing gas emission sources on landfill sites : is bio-inspiration the way to go?
- 2012
-
In: Frontiers in Neuroengineering. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-6443. ; 4:20, s. 1-12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Roboticists often take inspiration from animals for designing sensors, actuators, or algorithms that control the behavior of robots. Bio-inspiration is motivated with the uncanny ability of animals to solve complex tasks like recognizing and manipulating objects, walking on uneven terrains, or navigating to the source of an odor plume. In particular the task of tracking an odor plume up to its source has nearly exclusively been addressed using biologically inspired algorithms and robots have been developed, for example, to mimic the behavior of moths, dung beetles, or lobsters. In this paper we argue that biomimetic approaches to gas source localization are of limited use, primarily because animals differ fundamentally in their sensing and actuation capabilities from state-of-the-art gas-sensitive mobile robots. To support our claim, we compare actuation and chemical sensing available to mobile robots to the corresponding capabilities of moths. We further characterize airflow and chemosensor measurements obtained with three different robot platforms (two wheeled robots and one flying micro-drone) in four prototypical environments and show that the assumption of a constant and unidirectional airflow, which is the basis of many gas source localization approaches, is usually far from being valid. This analysis should help to identify how underlying principles, which govern the gas source tracking behavior of animals, can be usefully translated into gas source localization approaches that fully take into account the capabilities of mobile robots. We also describe the requirements for a reference application, monitoring of gas emissions at landfill sites with mobile robots, and discuss an engineered gas source localization approach based on statistics as an alternative to biologically inspired algorithms.
|
|
| 25. |
- Hernandez Bennetts, Victor, 1980-, et al.
(author)
-
Probabilistic Air Flow Modelling Using Turbulent and Laminar Characteristics for Ground and Aerial Robots
- 2017
-
In: IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2377-3766. ; 2:2, s. 1117-1123
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For mobile robots that operate in complex, uncontrolled environments, estimating air flow models can be of great importance. Aerial robots use air flow models to plan optimal navigation paths and to avoid turbulence-ridden areas. Search and rescue platforms use air flow models to infer the location of gas leaks. Environmental monitoring robots enrich pollution distribution maps by integrating the information conveyed by an air flow model. In this paper, we present an air flow modelling algorithm that uses wind data collected at a sparse number of locations to estimate joint probability distributions over wind speed and direction at given query locations. The algorithm uses a novel extrapolation approach that models the air flow as a linear combination of laminar and turbulent components. We evaluated the prediction capabilities of our algorithm with data collected with an aerial robot during several exploration runs. The results show that our algorithm has a high degree of stability with respect to parameter selection while outperforming conventional extrapolation approaches. In addition, we applied our proposed approach in an industrial application, where the characterization of a ventilation system is supported by a ground mobile robot. We compared multiple air flow maps recorded over several months by estimating stability maps using the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the distributions. The results show that, despite local differences, similar air flow patterns prevail over time. Moreover, we corroborated the validity of our results with knowledge from human experts.
|
|
| 26. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
A Realistic Remote Gas Sensor Model for Three-Dimensional Olfaction Simulations
- 2019
-
In: ISOCS/IEEE International Symposium on Olfaction and Electronic Nose (ISOEN). - : IEEE. - 9781538683279 - 9781538683286
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Remote gas sensors like those based on the Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) enable mobile robots to scan huge areas for gas concentrations in reasonable time and are therefore well suited for tasks such as gas emission surveillance and environmental monitoring. A further advantage of remote sensors is that the gas distribution is not disturbed by the sensing platform itself if the measurements are carried out from a sufficient distance, which is particularly interesting when a rotary-wing platform is used. Since there is no possibility to obtain ground truth measurements of gas distributions, simulations are used to develop and evaluate suitable olfaction algorithms. For this purpose several models of in-situ gas sensors have been developed, but models of remote gas sensors are missing. In this paper we present two novel 3D ray-tracer-based TDLAS sensor models. While the first model simplifies the laser beam as a line, the second model takes the conical shape of the beam into account. Using a simulated gas plume, we compare the line model with the cone model in terms of accuracy and computational cost and show that the results generated by the cone model can differ significantly from those of the line model.
|
|
| 27. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Control of a spherical parallel manipulator
- 2019
-
In: Materials Today. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 2214-7853. ; 12:2, s. 423-430
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In mobile robot applications, some sensors such as open-path gas detectors or laser rangefinders need to be aimed at specific targets in order to get the desired measurements. To do this in a fast and elegant manner, we present a spherical parallel manipulator with three degrees of freedom. Compared to typical serial manipulators, it offers superior dynamics and structural stiffness, which are important parameters for this type of task. We present the mechanical design and derive kinematic equations both to compute set-points for the desired orientation and to estimate the current state of the system. A PID controller is used to generate control signals.
|
|
| 28. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Control of a spherical parallel manipulator with three degrees of freedom
- 2018
-
In: 35th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics. - Bukarest, Romania. - 9786062308742 ; , s. 159-160
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In robotic applications, it is often necessary to orient a sensor quickly. Spherical parallel manipulators (SPM) are well suited for this purpose since they offer superior dynamics and structural stiffness as compared to serial manipulators. To control them, however, the kinematic equations have to be known. In this paper, a SPM with three degrees of freedom and the kinematic equations describing its mechanical properties are presented.
|
|
| 29. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Current-independent torque control of permanent-magnet synchronous motors
- 2017
-
In: Materials Today. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 2214-7853. ; 4:5, s. 5821-5826
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A current-independent torque equation for the permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) aiming at direct-drive servo applications is derived from a first principles model. Instead of measuring currents, all required control parameters are derived from optical incremental encoder measurements. The results are verified on a real system in test series showing the effect of static friction and proving the obtained torque model.
|
|
| 30. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Experimental Validation of the Cone-Shaped Remote Gas Sensor Model
- 2019
-
In: 2019 IEEE SENSORS. - : IEEE. - 9781728116341
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Remote gas sensors mounted on mobile robots enable the mapping of gas distributions in large or hardly accessible areas. A challenging task, however, is the generation of three-dimensional distribution maps from these gas measurements. Suitable reconstruction algorithms can be adapted, for instance, from the field of computed tomography (CT), but both their performance and strategies for selecting optimal measuring poses must be evaluated. For this purpose simulations are used, since, in contrast to field tests, they allow repeatable conditions. Although several simulation tools exist, they lack realistic models of remote gas sensors. Recently, we introduced a model for a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) gas sensor taking into account the conical shape of its laser beam. However, the novel model has not yet been validated with experiments. In this paper, we compare our model with a real sensor device and show that the assumptions made hold.
|
|
| 31. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Gas Dispersion Fluid Mechanics Simulation for Large Outdoor Environments
- 2019
-
In: 36th Danubia Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics. - Pilsen, Czech Republic : Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics. - 9788026108764 ; , s. 49-50
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of algorithms for mapping gas distributions and localising gas sources is a challenging task, because gas dispersion is a highly dynamic process and it is impossible to capture ground truth data. Fluid-mechanical simulations are a suitable way to support the development of these algorithms. Several tools for gas dispersion simulation have been developed, but they are not suitable for simulations of large outdoor environments. In this paper, we present a concept of how an existing simulator can be extended to handle both indoor and large outdoor scenarios.
|
|
| 32. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Measuring rotor speed for wind vector estimation on multirotor aircraft
- 2018
-
In: Materials Today. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 2214-7853. ; 5:13, s. 26703-26708
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For several applications involving multirotor aircraft, it is crucial to know both the direction and speed of the ambient wind. In this paper, an approach to wind vector estimation based on an equilibrium of the principal forces acting on the aircraft is shown. As the thrust force generated by the rotors depends on their rotational speed, a sensor to measure this quantity is required. Two concepts for such a sensor are presented: One is based on tapping the signal carrying the speed setpoint for the motor controllers, the other one uses phototransistors placed underneath the rotor blades. While some complications were encountered with the first approach, the second yields accurate measurement data. This is shown by an experiment comparing the proposed speed sensor to a commercial non-contact tachometer.
|
|
| 33. |
- Hüllmann, Dino, 1988-, et al.
(author)
-
Motor Speed Transfer Function for Wind Vector Estimation on Multirotor Aircraft
- 2017
-
In: 34th Danubia-Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics. - Trieste, Italy : EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste. - 9788883038631 ; , s. 75-77
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A set of equations is derived to estimate the 3D wind vector with a multirotor aircraft using the aircraft itself as a flying anemometer. Since the thrust component is required to compute the wind vector, the PWM signal controlling the motors of the aircraft is measured and a transfer function describing the relation between the PWM signal and the rotational speed of the motors is derived.
|
|
| 34. |
- Kazmierczak, Karolina, et al.
(author)
-
A case study of serial-flow car disassembly: ergonomics, productivity and potential system performance
- 2007
-
In: Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing. - 1090-8471. ; 17:4, s. 331-351
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A recent European Union (EU) directive increases demands on car recycling. Thus, present craft-type disassembly systems need reconfiguration in order to be more efficient. A line-based system tested in the Netherlands was investigated regarding system performance and ergonomics. The system had reduced performance compared to the design specifications due to such factors as system losses, operator inexperience, and teamwork deficiencies. Operators' peak low back loads were lower than in Swedish craft-type systems. Direct, value-adding work comprised 30% of the workday, compared to about 70% in the Swedish manufacturing industry. Alternative system configurations were simulated and discussed using a novel combination of flow and human simulations. For example, a smaller variation in cycle time implied higher output in number of cars per week and larger operator cumulative loading on the low back. In all models the cumulative load was high compared to the loads previously recorded in assembly work.
|
|
| 35. |
- Kazmierczak, Karolina, et al.
(author)
-
Observer reliability of industrial activity analysis based on video recordings
- 2006
-
In: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 36:3, s. 275-282
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between observers analyzing activity patterns during truck engine assembly work based on video recordings. Two observers observed the recordings of nine workers, on the average 2.2 h long, assigning activities to four activity categories. For each activity category data were obtained on the mean duration of uninterrupted sequences of activities and their relative time proportion in the job. This data was analyzed with 2-way crossed ANOVA algorithms to derive the components of variance attributed to disagreement between observers, to differences between filmed subjects, and to residual "unexplained" variance. The latter was interpreted as an estimate of within-observer variability and possible interactions between subject and observer. While the observers disagreed about the overall time proportions for the four activity categories by no more than 3.7% of time, their second-to-second classification disagreed for 13% of the total analysis time. The between-observer variance was small as compared to within-observer variance and the variance between Subjects performing the same job. Simulations based oil the variance components showed that a group mean of the proportion of direct work could be determined with a standard deviation within 5% of the mean by having two observers analyzing one 2-h video recording once, each. Relevance to industry The results of this study may support decision making when designing a reliable video-based analysis of industrial work. Thus, the study helps production engineers, ergonomics practitioners and researchers allocate resources between data collection and data analysis, based on their preferences for precision and power of a particular study. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 36. |
- Kihlberg, Steve, et al.
(author)
-
Arbete och Hälsa
- 2005
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- En ergonomisk och teknisk utvärdering genomfördes av en förändring av produktionssystemet i ett elektronikföretag som innebar en ökad automatisering. Själva förändringsprocessen utvärderades också.Automatiseringen av den manuella monteringen och transporten minskade exponeringstiden för manuell montering på systemnivå samt ökade produktiviteten. För den kvarstående manuella monteringen ökade dock repetitiviteten och ensidigheten. Montörerna upplevde också att den psykiska arbetsbelastningen var större i det nya systemet jämfört med det gamla. De ansåg också att de manuella monteringsstationerna som helhet var dåliga arbetsuppgifter.I den studerade förändringsprocessen var bristen på kontinuitet i arbetsledning ett av avdelningens huvudproblem. Arbetsledaren fick också sätta sin prägel på hur produktionsmålen skulle uppfyllas och hur arbetsförhållandena skulle utformas. Därigenom blev det arbetsledaren och inte den handlingsplan med arbetsrotation som en arbetsorganisationsgrupp utformade som avgjorde hur arbetsorganisationen utformades.
|
|
| 37. |
- Kihlberg, Steve, et al.
(author)
-
Ett produktionssystem under förändring - ergonomisk och teknisk utvärdering
- 2005
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- En ergonomisk och teknisk utvärdering genomfördes av en förändring av produktionssystemet i ett elektronikföretag som innebar en ökad automatisering. Själva förändringsprocessen utvärderades också. Automatiseringen av den manuella monteringen och transporten minskade exponeringstiden för manuell montering på systemnivå samt ökade produktiviteten. För den kvarstående manuella monteringen ökade dock repetitiviteten och ensidigheten. Montörerna upplevde också att den psykiska arbetsbelastningen var större i det nya systemet jämfört med det gamla. De ansåg också att de manuella monteringsstationerna som helhet var dåliga arbetsuppgifter. I den studerade förändringsprocessen var bristen på kontinuitet i arbetsledning ett av avdelningens huvudproblem. Arbetsledaren fick också sätta sin prägel på hur produktionsmålen skulle uppfyllas och hur arbetsförhållandena skulle utformas. Därigenom blev det arbetsledaren och inte den handlingsplan med arbetsrotation som en arbetsorganisationsgrupp utformade som avgjorde hur arbetsorganisationen utformades.
|
|
| 38. |
- Laring, Jonas, 1951, et al.
(author)
-
HUMAN FACTORS TOOL USE AMONG SWEDISH ERGONOMISTS
- 2007
-
In: Association of Canadian Ergonomists 38th Annual Conference October 14-17 2007.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper reports on a preliminary analysis of interviews conducted with Swedish ergonomists (SE). The study is using the theme of ‘tools’ to explore how ergonomists work on a daily basis. It was found that SEs often practice ergonomics as part of a ‘treatment’ process. Most SEs use their professional judgement when assessing and complement this with checklists, pictures and questionnaires. More sophisticated quantitative tools are less used. SEs who are internal employees, rather than external service providers, seem to be more able to participate in new design activities and to engage in follow-up on changes. SE’s ‘patient’ focus may pose a challenge to participating in design processes where stakeholders tend to have a ‘systems’ focus. This research is currently being extended to include Canadian ergonomists as well as industrial engineers in both countries.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
- Medbo, Per, 1963, et al.
(author)
-
Integrating human factors into discrete event simulations of parallel flow strategies.
- 2009
-
In: Production Planning and Control. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7287 .- 1366-5871. ; 20:1, s. 3-16
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article demonstrates an approach to integrating human factors (HF) into a discrete event simulation (DES)study of semi-parallelised production strategies. Operationalised HF included operators’ autonomy at work,a known workplace health factor; and reduced operator capability, a factor for new or injured operators. TheseHF were tested in scenarios of serial flow and two degrees of semi-parallelised flow. The parallel productionsystems demonstrated better productivity than serial flow in all conditions tested and were less affected by eitherof the HF tested. It is concluded that HF can be integrated into DES which facilitates early considerationof operator risk and system vulnerabilities. Parallel production approaches, although less common in practice,appear to have advantages over serial flow in terms of productivity, injury risk and the accommodationof operators with temporarily reduced capacity. Further research should expand the range and test the validity ofHF integrated into DES modelling procedures.
|
|
| 41. |
- Mendoza-Collazos, Juan Carlos, et al.
(author)
-
Responsibility of Action and Situated Cognition in Artefact—User Relationship
- 2021
-
In: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021) : Volume 1: Systems and Macroergonomics - Volume 1: Systems and Macroergonomics. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2367-3389 .- 2367-3370. - 9783030746025 - 9783030746018 ; 219, s. 211-216
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- I discuss the dilution of responsibility of action and the idea of a symmetrical relationship between artefacts and humans. In doing so, I argue that meaning making is an activity unilaterally performed by agents, leading to an asymmetrical relationship between agents and artefacts. Therefore, the study of the one who is responsible for the action, the meaning-maker (with the capability to act) is crucial for a theory of action responsibility. The latter should not be transferred to derived agents, an abstract brand or impersonal technologies. The study of the origin of actions is crucial for a better understanding of situated cognition in relation to responsibility. Therefore, the role of artefacts in human actions has to be reconsidered, since artefacts acquire functions by means of designing and they do not act for themselves. These issues have consequences for our understanding of situated cognition and for the current debate on responsibility of AI technologies, as well as for work analysis and design.
|
|
| 42. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
A case study evaluating the ergonomic and productivity impacts of partial automation strategies in the electronics industry
- 2002
-
In: International Journal of Production Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 40:16, s. 4059-4075
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A case study is presented that evaluates the impact of partial automation strategies on productivity and ergonomics. A company partly automated its assembly and transportation functions while moving from a parallel-batch to a serial line-based production system. Data obtained from company records and key informants were combined with detailed video analysis, biomechanical modelling data and field observations of the system. The new line system was observed to have 51% higher production volumes with 21% less per product labour input and lower work-in-process levels than the old batch-cart system. Partial automation of assembly operations was seen to reduce the total repetitive assembly work at the system level by 34%. Automation of transportation reduced transport labour by 63%. The strategic decision to implement line-transportation was found to increase movement repetitiveness for operators at manual assembly stations, even though workstations were constructed with consideration to ergonomics. Average shoulder elevation at these stations increased 30% and average shoulder moment increased 14%. It is concluded that strategic decisions made by designers and managers early in the production system design phase have considerable impact on ergonomic conditions in the resulting system. Automation of transport and assembly both lead to increased productivity, but only elements related to the automatic line system also increased mechanical loads on operators and hence increased the risk for work-related disorders. Suggestions for integrating the consideration of ergonomics into production system design are made.
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
Adaptive gas source localization strategies and gas distribution mapping using a gas-sensitive micro-drone
- 2012
-
In: Proceedings of the 16th ITG / GMA Conference. - Wunstorf : AMA Service. - 9783981348408 ; , s. 800-809
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we exemplify how to address environmental monitoring tasks with a gas-sensitive micro-drone and present two different approaches to locate gas emission sources. First, we sent the micro-drone in real-world experiments along predefined sweeping trajectories to model the gas distribution. The identification of the gas source location is made afterwards based on the created model. Second, we adapted two bio-inspired plume tracking algorithms that have been implemented so far on ground-based mobile robots. We developed a third bio-inspired algorithm, which is called “pseudo gradient-based algorithm”, and compared its perfomance in real-world experiments with the other two algorithms.Keywords: Anemotaxis, chemotaxis, micro UAV, bio-inspired, chemical sensing, gas distribution modeling, gas source localization, gas sensors, mobile sensing system, odor localization, olfaction, plume tracking, quadrocopter.
|
|
| 45. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
An artificial potential field based sampling strategy for a gas-sensitive micro-drone
- 2011
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a sampling strategy for mobile gas sensors. Sampling points are selected using a modified artificial potential field (APF) approach, which balances multiple criteria to direct sensor measurements towards locations of high mean concentration, high concentration variance and areas for which the uncertainty about the gas distribution model is still large. By selecting in each step the most often suggested close-by measurement location, the proposed approach introduces a locality constraint that allows planning suitable paths for mobile gas sensors. Initial results in simulation and in real-world experiments witha gas-sensitive micro-drone demonstrate the suitability of the proposed sampling strategy for gas distribution mapping and its use for gas source localization.
|
|
| 46. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
Consumer demand as a driver of improved working conditions : the 'Ergo-Brand' proposition
- 2014
-
In: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 57:8, s. 1113-1126
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper develops and explores the “Ergo-Brand” proposition; which posits that consumersmay prefer to buy goods that are made under good working conditions (GWC). This preferencewould enhance a differentiation strategy for companies, thereby fostering the application ofergonomics in production. This proposition is developed in the context of a narrative review ofthe literature on ‘ethical consumerism’. This is supplemented with a small pilot survey study,conducted in both Canada and Sweden (n=141) to explore this proposition. Results indicate thatconsumers would prefer goods made under GWC, but not unconditionally as quality and priceconcerns were ranked higher. Access to information on the working conditions in productionwas seen as a barrier. Nevertheless, the Ergo-Brand concept may be a viable avenue topromoting attention to ergonomics in companies – particularly if consumer habits are subject tointervention by advertising. Further research on this strategy is warranted.
|
|
| 47. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
Ergonomic and technical aspects in the redesign of material supply systems: Big boxes vs. narrow bins
- 2010
-
In: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8219 .- 0169-8141. ; 40:5, s. 541-548
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a design stage comparison of an existing ‘big box’ material supply strategy common in Swedish manufacturing to a proposed ‘narrow bin’ approach common in Japanese production systems. Performance times, walking distances, layout space requirements were evaluated for 6 workstations using ‘big boxes’ of parts along the line. Biomechanical loading on spine and shoulder was estimated for one of the workstations. Comparisons were made to simulated layouts with the ‘narrow bin’ approach. The use of narrow bin supply yielded significant reductions in rack lengths (−81%), Material Areas (−61%), Walking Distances (−61%), Indirect Work (−24%), and Cycle times (−8%). Peak and cumulative spinal load estimates showed reductions from 29% to 65% with similar load reductions in shoulders and hands. The ‘narrow bin’ strategy also has implications for the material re-supply system, enables the use of flexible racking and can reduce lift-truck use. Work intensification may increase risks if time-gains are used only to increase direct assembly work repetitions. It is concluded that the narrow bin supply strategy has potential to both improve productivity and reduce risk characteristics of the system. Further field testing is required.Relevance to industry: Supplying materials in smaller narrower bins poses a potential ‘win-win’ design tactic with decreased operator risks and improved performance in final assembly when compared to ‘big box’ supply strategies. The final choice of strategy requires a context-specific assessment.
|
|
| 48. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
Gas source localization with a micro-drone using bio-inspired and particle filter-based algorithms
- 2013
-
In: Advanced Robotics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0169-1864 .- 1568-5535. ; 27:9, s. 725-738
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gas source localization (GSL) with mobile robots is a challenging task due to the unpredictable nature of gas dispersion,the limitations of the currents sensing technologies, and the mobility constraints of ground-based robots. This work proposesan integral solution for the GSL task, including source declaration. We present a novel pseudo-gradient-basedplume tracking algorithm and a particle filter-based source declaration approach, and apply it on a gas-sensitivemicro-drone. We compare the performance of the proposed system in simulations and real-world experiments againsttwo commonly used tracking algorithms adapted for aerial exploration missions.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
- Neumann, Patrick, et al.
(author)
-
Monitoring of CCS areas using micro unmanned aerial vehicles (MUAVs)
- 2013
-
In: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 37, s. 4182-4190
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon capture & storage (CCS) is one of the most promis ing technologies for greenhouse gas (GHG) management.However, an unsolved issue of CCS is the development of appropriate long-term monitoring systems for leakdetection of the stored CO2. To complement already existing monitoring infrastructure for CO2 storage areas, and toincrease the granularity of gas concentration measurements, a quickly deployab le, mobile measurement device isneeded. In this paper, we present an autonomous gas-sensitive micro-drone, which can be used to monitor GHGemissions, more specifically, CO2. Two different measurement strategies are proposed to address this task. First, theuse of predefined sensing trajectories is evaluated for the task of gas distribution mapping using the micro-drone.Alternatively, we present an adaptive strategy, which suggests sampling points based on an artific ial potential field(APF). The results of real-world experiments demonstrate the feas ibility of using gas-sensitive micro-drones for GHG monitoring missions. Thus, we suggest a multi-layered surveillance system for CO2 storage areas.
|
|
