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- Feroci, M., et al.
(författare)
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The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Experimental Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6435 .- 1572-9508. ; 34:2, s. 415-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-time-resolution X-ray observations of compact objects provide direct access to strong-field gravity, to the equation of state of ultradense matter and to black hole masses and spins. A 10 m(2)-class instrument in combination with good spectral resolution is required to exploit the relevant diagnostics and answer two of the fundamental questions of the European Space Agency (ESA) Cosmic Vision Theme "Matter under extreme conditions", namely: does matter orbiting close to the event horizon follow the predictions of general relativity? What is the equation of state of matter in neutron stars? The Large Observatory For X-ray Timing (LOFT), selected by ESA as one of the four Cosmic Vision M3 candidate missions to undergo an assessment phase, will revolutionise the study of collapsed objects in our galaxy and of the brightest supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Thanks to an innovative design and the development of large-area monolithic silicon drift detectors, the Large Area Detector (LAD) on board LOFT will achieve an effective area of similar to 12 m(2) (more than an order of magnitude larger than any spaceborne predecessor) in the 2-30 keV range (up to 50 keV in expanded mode), yet still fits a conventional platform and small/medium-class launcher. With this large area and a spectral resolution of < 260 eV, LOFT will yield unprecedented information on strongly curved spacetimes and matter under extreme conditions of pressure and magnetic field strength.
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- Marttila, S, et al.
(författare)
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Number of sons contributes to ageing-associated inflammation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 5, s. 8631-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rate of inflammation increases in elderly individuals, a phenomenon called inflammaging and is associated with degenerative diseases. However, the causes of inflammaging and the origin of the associated inflammatory mediators have remained enigmatic. We show herein that there is a positive correlation between the number of sons born and C-reactive protein concentrations in 90-year-old women. This association is influenced by HLA genetics known to regulate the immune response against HY antigens.
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- Nevalainen, H., et al.
(författare)
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Firing of coal and biomass and their mixtures in 50 kW and 12 MW circulating fluidized beds - Phenomenon study and comparison of scales
- 2007
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 86:14, s. 2043-2051
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combustion dynamics of coal, wood chips and their mixture is investigated. Load change capability and the effect of the individual control variables, for example the mixture ratio of different fuels, on pilot-scale CFB boiler dynamics were also studied. Disturbances in fuel feeding cause fluctuations in the flue gas concentrations. Changes in the heating value are possible due to varying moisture content of the fuel. Both these disturbances affect the instantaneous firing rate in a boiler. Also the characteristics of the fuels have to be taken into consideration when designing boiler control systems. When co-firing two fuels with clearly distinct combustion characteristics, direct assumptions based on each fuel's characteristies cannot be made about combustion behaviour of their mixture. Combustion experiments with coal and wood chips and their co-firing were carried out in a pilot-scale CFB reactor (VTT) and a large-scale CFB boiler (Chalmers). A comparison of the combustion in the two different size reactors, provides information about scaling. The combustion responses due to changes in the fuel feeding of the two circulating fluidized beds are analyzed by a dynamic model. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 22. |
- Patel, Jayendra Z., et al.
(författare)
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Chiral 1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-ones as Highly Selective FAAH Inhibitors
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-2623 .- 1520-4804. ; 56:21, s. 8484-8496
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, identification of chiral 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ones as potent and selective FAAH inhibitors has been described. The separated enantiomers showed clear differences in the potency and selectivity toward both FAAH and MAGL. Additionally, the importance of the chirality on the inhibitory activity and selectivity was proven by the simplification approach by removing a methyl group at the 3-position of the 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-one ring. The most potent compound of the series, the S-enantiomer of 3-(1-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl)-5-methoxy-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one (JZP-327A, Si), inhibited human recombinant FAAH (hrFAAH) in the low nanomolar range (IC50 = 11 mu M), whereas its corresponding R-enantiomer 52 showed only moderate inhibition toward hrFAAH (IC50 = 0.24 mu M). In contrast to hrFAAH, R-enantiomer 52 was more potent in inhibiting the activity of hrMAGL compared to S-enantiomer 51 (IC50 = 4.0 mu M and 16% inhibition at 10 mu M, respectively). The FAAH selectivity of the compound Si over the supposed main off-targets, MAGL and COX, was found to be >900-fold. In addition, activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) indicated high selectivity over other serine hydrolases. Finally, the selected Senantiomers 51, 53, and 55 were shown to be tight binding, slowly reversible inhibitors of the hrFAAH.
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