| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bakker, M. K., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 52:12, s. 1303-1313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage, a severe type of stroke. To discover new risk loci and the genetic architecture of intracranial aneurysms, we performed a cross-ancestry, genome-wide association study in 10,754 cases and 306,882 controls of European and East Asian ancestry. We discovered 17 risk loci, 11 of which are new. We reveal a polygenic architecture and explain over half of the disease heritability. We show a high genetic correlation between ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We also find a suggestive role for endothelial cells by using gene mapping and heritability enrichment. Drug-target enrichment shows pleiotropy between intracranial aneurysms and antiepileptic and sex hormone drugs, providing insights into intracranial aneurysm pathophysiology. Finally, genetic risks for smoking and high blood pressure, the two main clinical risk factors, play important roles in intracranial aneurysm risk, and drive most of the genetic correlation between intracranial aneurysms and other cerebrovascular traits. Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analyses in individuals of European and East Asian ancestry identify 11 new risk loci for intracranial aneurysms and highlight a polygenic architecture explaining a substantial fraction of disease heritability.
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| 3. |
- Kooij, J. J. S., et al.
(författare)
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Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD
- 2019
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 56, s. 14-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness.MethodsThe European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated.ResultsBesides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated?ConclusionsADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD.
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| 7. |
- Wijns, W, et al.
(författare)
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Myocardial revascularization
- 2011
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Ingår i: REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA. - : Elsevier BV. - 0870-2551 .- 2174-2049. ; 30:12, s. 951-1005
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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| 12. |
- Helgadottir, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The same sequence variant on 9p21 associates with myocardial infarction, abdominal aortic aneurysm and intracranial aneurysm
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 40:2, s. 217-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, two common sequence variants on 9p21, tagged by rs10757278-G and rs10811661-T, were reported to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD)(1-4) and type 2 diabetes (T2D)(5-7), respectively. We proceeded to further investigate the contributions of these variants to arterial diseases and T2D. Here we report that rs10757278-G is associated with, in addition to CAD, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA; odds ratio (OR) 1.31, P = 1.2 x 10(-12)) and intracranial aneurysm (OR = 1.29, P = 2.5 x 10(-6)), but not with T2D. This variant is the first to be described that affects the risk of AAA and intracranial aneurysm in many populations. The association of rs10811661-T to T2D replicates in our samples, but the variant does not associate with any of the five arterial diseases examined. These findings extend our insight into the role of the sequence variant tagged by rs10757278-G and show that it is not confined to atherosclerotic diseases.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Jauhiainen, MK, et al.
(författare)
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Herpesviruses, polyomaviruses, parvoviruses, papillomaviruses, and anelloviruses in vestibular schwannoma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of neurovirology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1538-2443 .- 1355-0284. ; 29:32, s. 226-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Etiology of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is unknown. Viruses can infect and reside in neural tissues for decades, and new viruses with unknown tumorigenic potential have been discovered. The presence of herpesvirus, polyomavirus, parvovirus, and anellovirus DNA was analyzed by quantitative PCR in 46 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded VS samples. Five samples were analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing. Viral DNA was detected altogether in 24/46 (52%) tumor samples, mostly representing anelloviruses (46%). Our findings show frequent persistence of anelloviruses, considered normal virome, in VS. None of the other viruses showed an extensive presence, thereby suggesting insignificant role in VS.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kreins, AY, et al.
(författare)
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Human TYK2 deficiency: Mycobacterial and viral infections without hyper-IgE syndrome
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Journal of experimental medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 1540-9538 .- 0022-1007. ; 212:10, s. 1641-1662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autosomal recessive, complete TYK2 deficiency was previously described in a patient (P1) with intracellular bacterial and viral infections and features of hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), including atopic dermatitis, high serum IgE levels, and staphylococcal abscesses. We identified seven other TYK2-deficient patients from five families and four different ethnic groups. These patients were homozygous for one of five null mutations, different from that seen in P1. They displayed mycobacterial and/or viral infections, but no HIES. All eight TYK2-deficient patients displayed impaired but not abolished cellular responses to (a) IL-12 and IFN-α/β, accounting for mycobacterial and viral infections, respectively; (b) IL-23, with normal proportions of circulating IL-17+ T cells, accounting for their apparent lack of mucocutaneous candidiasis; and (c) IL-10, with no overt clinical consequences, including a lack of inflammatory bowel disease. Cellular responses to IL-21, IL-27, IFN-γ, IL-28/29 (IFN-λ), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) were normal. The leukocytes and fibroblasts of all seven newly identified TYK2-deficient patients, unlike those of P1, responded normally to IL-6, possibly accounting for the lack of HIES in these patients. The expression of exogenous wild-type TYK2 or the silencing of endogenous TYK2 did not rescue IL-6 hyporesponsiveness, suggesting that this phenotype was not a consequence of the TYK2 genotype. The core clinical phenotype of TYK2 deficiency is mycobacterial and/or viral infections, caused by impaired responses to IL-12 and IFN-α/β. Moreover, impaired IL-6 responses and HIES do not appear to be intrinsic features of TYK2 deficiency in humans.
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| 17. |
- Merikukka, M, et al.
(författare)
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Association between parental hospital-treated somatic illnesses in childhood and later mental disorders among offspring up to early adulthood: An explorative study in the 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 48:2, s. 214-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Earlier studies on the associations between parental somatic illnesses and children’s psychological wellbeing have focused on the most common somatic illnesses or on specific groups of illnesses. In this study, we aimed to systematically examine whether parental somatic illnesses, diagnosed during an offspring’s childhood, are associated with later mental disorders of the offspring and, if so, identify which parental somatic illnesses in particular increase the likelihood for later mental disorders among the offspring. Methods: The 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort study yields longitudinal nationwide follow-up data that include a complete census of children born in a single year. Children have been followed over time through to the year 2012 using official registers maintained by the Finnish authorities. Parental diagnoses of specialised hospital inpatient care were identified from the Hospital Discharge Register after children’s birth and followed up until the end of 1995. Children’s psychiatric diagnoses from specialised hospital care were identified from the same register for the periods 1996/1998–2012. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate sex-specific odds ratios for associations of mental disorders with maternal and paternal somatic illnesses using parental death, education, social assistance and psychiatric inpatient care as covariates. Results: Parental somatic illnesses during an offspring’s childhood seem to increase the risk for later mental disorders. Several previously unreported somatic parental illnesses were found to be significantly associated with offspring’s later mental health. Conclusions: Parental somatic illnesses should be considered as a significant adverse childhood life event, calling for preventive actions and child-centred support in adult healthcare.
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| 24. |
- Spirin, Viacheslav, et al.
(författare)
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The genus Fomitopsis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) reconsidered
- 2024
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Ingår i: STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY. - 0166-0616 .- 1872-9797. ; :107, s. 149-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on seven- and three-gene datasets, we discuss four alternative approaches for a reclassification of Fomitopsidaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). After taking into account morphological diversity in the family, we argue in favour of distinguishing three genera only, viz. Anthoporia, Antrodia and Fomitopsis. Fomitopsis becomes a large genus with 128 accepted species, containing almost all former Fomitopsis spp. and most species formerly placed in Antrodia, Daedalea and Laccocephalum. Genera Buglossoporus, Cartilosoma, Daedalea, Melanoporia, Neolentiporus, alongside twenty others, are treated as synonyms of Fomitopsis. This generic scheme allows for morphologically distinct genera in Fomitopsidaceae, unlike other schemes we considered. We provide arguments for retaining Fomitopsis and suppressing earlier (Daedalea, Caloporus) or simultaneously published generic names (Piptoporus) considered here as its synonyms. Taxonomy of nine species complexes in the genus is revised based on ITS, ITS + TEF1, ITS + TEF1 + RPB1 and ITS + TEF1 + RPB2 datasets. In total, 17 species are described as new to science, 26 older species are reinstated and 26 currently accepted species names are relegated to synonymy. A condensed identification key for all accepted species in the genus is provided.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Elands, B. H. M., et al.
(författare)
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Biocultural diversity : A novel concept to assess human-nature interrelations, nature conservation and stewardship in cities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1618-8667 .- 1610-8167. ; 40, s. 29-34
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biocultural diversity is an evolving perspective for studying the interrelatedness between people and their natural environment, not only in ecoregional hotspots and cultural landscapes, but also in urban green spaces. Developed in the 1990s in order to denote the diversity of life in all its manifestations. biological, cultural and linguistic. co-evolving within complex socio-ecological systems such as cities, biocultural diversity was identified in the GREEN SURGE project as a response to recent challenges cities face. Most important challenges are the loss of nature and degradation of ecosystems in and around cities as well as an alienation of urban residents from and loss of interaction with nature. The notion of biocultural diversity is dynamic in nature and takes local values and practices of relating to biodiversity of different cultural groups as a starting point for sustainable living with biodiversity. The issue is not only how to preserve or restore biocultural practices and values, but also how to modify, adapt and create biocultural diversity in ways that resonate with urban transformations. As future societies will largely diverge from today's societies, the cultural perspective on living with (urban) nature needs careful reconsideration. Biocultural diversity is not conceived as a definite concept providing prescriptions of what to see and study, but as a reflexive and sensitising concept that can be used to assess the different values and knowledge of people that reflect how they live with biodiversity. This short communication paper introduces a conceptual framework for studying the multi-dimensional features of biocultural diversity in cities along the three key dimensions of materialized, lived and stewardship, being departure points from which biocultural diversity can be studied.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Neelov, I.M., et al.
(författare)
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Computer simulations of stretching and collapse of polymer molecules in solution
- 2003
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Ingår i: Macromolecular Symposia. - : Wiley. - 1022-1360 .- 1521-3900. ; 191
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computer simulations are reported for system of linear polymer molecules, diblock copolymer and dendrimer in dilute solution without and with elongational flow. The effect of fluctuating hydrodynamics interactions (HI) on the coil-stretch transition of linear polymers and dendrimers in elongational flow is studied. The process of coiling of homo- and blockcopolymer from completely extended state is also simulated.
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| 30. |
- Nicoli, TK, et al.
(författare)
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Intracranial Suppurative Complications of Sinusitis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1799-7267. ; 105:4, s. 254-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intracranial complications of paranasal sinusitis have become rare due to widespread and early use of antibiotics. Potentially life-threatening intracranial complications of sinusitis include subdural empyema, epidural and intracerebral abscess, meningitis, and sinus thrombosis. Patients with intracranial complication of sinusitis can present without neurological signs, which may delay diagnosis and correct treatment. Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostics, treatment, and outcome of sinusitis-related intracranial infections at our tertiary referral hospital with a catchment area of 1.9 million people. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected data on all patients diagnosed and treated with an intracranial infection at the Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, during a 10-year period between 2003 and 2013. Results: Six patients were diagnosed to have a sinusitis-related intracranial infection. Four patients had an epidural abscess, one both an epidural abscess and a subdural empyema and one a subdural empyema. The most common presenting complaint was headache (100%) followed by fever (83%), vomiting (50%), nasal congestion (50%), forehead lump (34%), and neck stiffness (17%). All patients were managed surgically. Most (83%) patients recovered to premorbid state without neurological sequelae. One patient died intraoperatively. Conclusion: Patients with a sinusitis-related intracranial suppuration typically present with signs of raised intracranial pressure rather than signs of sinusitis. Most are likely to need neurosurgical intervention and evacuation of the abscess without delay.
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| 31. |
- Niemela, M, et al.
(författare)
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Gamma knife radiosurgery in 11 hemangioblastomas
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of neurosurgery. - : Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG). - 0022-3085. ; 85:4, s. 591-596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ✓ One suprasellar, one mesencephalic, and nine cerebellar hemangioblastomas were treated with the gamma knife in 10 patients (median age 48 years) in Stockholm between 1978 and 1993. Four patients had von Hippel—Lindau disease, a dominant inherited trait predisposing to multiple hemangioblastomas. Six hemangioblastomas were treated with radiotherapy at a median margin dose of 25 Gy (20–35 Gy) before 1990 and the next five with a median of 10 Gy (5–19 Gy). Computerized tomography or magnetic resonance images were available for 10 of the 11 hemangioblastomas at a median follow-up time of 26 months (4–68 months) after radiosurgery. The solid part of six hemangioblastomas shrank in a median of 30 months, whereas four hemangioblastomas were unchanged at a median of 14 months. Five hemangioblastomas had an adjoining cyst and three of these cysts had to be evacuated after radiosurgery. One solitary hemangioblastoma later developed a de novo cyst that also needed evacuation. One patient with two cerebellar hemangioblastomas (margin dose 25 Gy each) developed edema at 6 months and required a shunt and prolonged corticosteroid treatment. The combined follow-up data of the 23 hemangioblastomas in 15 patients from previous literature and the present series indicate that, first, a solitary small- or medium-sized hemangioblastoma usually shrinks or stops growing after radiosurgery. The recommended margin dose is 10 to 15 Gy. Second, the adjoining cyst often does not respond to radiosurgery but requires later, sometimes repeated evacuation.
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| 32. |
- Niemela, T., et al.
(författare)
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Relationship Between Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) and Disease Outcome in Adult-Onset Asthma
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Asthma and Allergy. - 1178-6965. ; 15, s. 579-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has emerged as a novel biomarker for various inflammatory conditions and has been proposed to associate with the severity of asthma. However, the relationship between suPAR and clinical asthma features is poorly understood. Objective: To examine associations of serum suPAR levels with clinical characteristics of asthma and to define the phenotype with high suPAR levels in patients with adult-onset asthma. Methods: Serum suPAR levels were measured with ELISA from patients with adult-onset asthma participating in the 12-year followup visit in the Seinajoki Adult Asthma Study. Results: In total, 201 patients were divided into quartiles according to suPAR values. High suPAR patients had more severe asthma symptoms and poorer asthma control. They also had higher levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and blood neutrophil counts than those with low suPAR levels. The use of high-dose inhaled and oral corticosteroids was more common in patients with elevated suPAR. Such patients also had visited healthcare more frequently during the follow-up period, had more comorbidities, and were physically less active than those with low suPAR levels. The above-mentioned results remained similar after excluding the patients with co-existing COPD; only association to hospitalizations was lost. In multivariable binary regression analyses, the highest suPAR quartile was associated with higher cumulative dispensed oral corticosteroid use, more severe symptoms, and uncontrolled asthma. Conclusion: High suPAR levels occur in uncontrolled adult-onset asthma patients characterized by neutrophilic inflammation, high corticosteroid use, frequent healthcare visits, and multimorbidity with unhealthy lifestyle. This biomarker could be useful in determining asthma phenotypes and target new asthma treatments.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Steuber, T, et al.
(författare)
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Association of free-prostate specific antigen subfractions and human glandular kallikrein 2 with volume of benign and malignant prostatic tissue
- 2005
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Ingår i: The Prostate. - : Wiley. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 63:1, s. 13-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. We investigated the association of different subfractions of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), such as total PSA (tPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA), free PSA (fPSA), "single-chain Intact fPSA" (fPSA-I), "multi-chain nicked fPSA" (fPSA-N), and total hK2 with volumes of total prostate gland, transition zone (tz), and prostate cancer (PCa) tissue in patients with benign and malignant prostatic disease. METHODS. Serum samples were collected from men with negative biopsy (n = 164) and PCa (n = 252). Total and fPSA were measured using a commercially immunoassay. We measured hK2 and fPSA-I by previously reported in-house research assays specific for hK2 and single-chain, non-cleaved fPSA, respectively. Levels of fPSA-N (=fPSA-fPSA-I) and cPSA (=tPSA-fPSA) were calculated. Total prostate and tz volume were measured using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS); PCa volume was calculated using a computer assisted volumetric program. Association with tz and cancer volumes (CaVols) was performed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS. All PSA subfractions and hK2 were associated with tz volume in multivariable linear regression analysis. Only hK2, fPSA, and fPSA-N were significantly associated with CaVol in multivariable analysis, fPSA-I seemed to be cancer related. CONCLUSIONS. The multi-chain fPSA-N subfractions of fPSA may be a valuable predictor of both benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and CaVol that is likely to be more useful in predicting tz volumes than CaVols. fPSA-I may provide information on cancer without being influenced by the presence of BPH.
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| 35. |
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| 38. |
- Lehti, V, et al.
(författare)
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Use of benzodiazepine and related drugs in migrants and Finnish-born persons: a nationwide register-based study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 51:8, s. 1222-1230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Benzodiazepines and related drugs (BZDR) are often used longer than generally recommended. The aim is to study patterns of use among migrant and Finnish-born users of BZDR, and to identify factors that are associated with long-term use and BZDR polytherapy. Methods: This register-based study includes a nationwide sample of migrants ( n=8729) and their Finnish-born controls ( n=11 388) who had purchased BZDR in 2011–2014, but not in 2009–2010. Information on drug purchases was obtained from the National Prescription Register and the duration of drug use was estimated using PRE2DUP method. The main outcomes were long-term use of BZDR, polytherapy and time until discontinuation of BZDR use. Sociodemographic variables and information on preceding psychiatric diagnoses were included as covariates. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were the statistical methods used. Results: Only migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa were more likely to discontinue the medication once initiated than Finnish-born users. Migrants were significantly less likely to be long-term users (adjusted odds ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.89) or polytherapy users (aOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84–0.97) of BZDR compared with Finnish-born participants. Conclusions: Migrants had less long-term and concomitant use of several BZDR than Finnish-born participants. The pattern of use is more optimal among migrants, but it may also reflect poorer access to mental health treatment.
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| 39. |
- Lumia, Mirka, et al.
(författare)
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Food consumption and risk of childhood asthma
- 2015
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Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : WILEY. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 26:8, s. 789-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe consumption of foods rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been proposed to protect against childhood asthma. This study explores the association of food consumption (including cow's milk (CM)-free diet) in early life and the risk of atopic and non-atopic asthma. MethodsFood intake of 182 children with asthma and 728 matched controls was measured using 3-day food records, within the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) Nutrition Study cohort. The diagnoses of food allergies came both from the written questionnaire and from the registers of the Social Insurance Institution. Conditional logistic regression with generalized estimating equations framework was used in the analyses. ResultsThe diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA) led to multiple dietary restrictions still evident at 4yr of age. Even after adjusting for CMA, higher consumption of CM products was inversely associated with the risk of atopic asthma and higher consumption of breast milk and oats inversely with the risk of non-atopic asthma. Early consumption of fish was associated with a decreased risk of all asthma. ConclusionsDietary intake in early life combined with atopy history has a clear impact on the risk of developing asthma. Our results indicate that CM restriction due to CMA significantly increases and mediates the association between food consumption and childhood asthma risk.
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| 40. |
- Niemela, P, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitive and specific enzymatic assay for the determination of precursor forms of prostate-specific antigen after an activation step
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - 0009-9147. ; 48:8, s. 1257-1264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The proteome of the serine protease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and its enzymatic properties have been clarified only recently. We have developed a specific and sensitive method for the measurement of active PSA and used it to measure proPSA in blood. Methods: We used the synthetic peptide KGISSQY, which possesses a PSA-specific cleavage site, as substrate. To ascertain the specificity of the assay, we used an anti-PSA monoclonal antibody that captures known forms of PSA. An activation step enabled us to measure proPSA by converting it to mature, active PSA. Results: The detection limit of the optimized assay was 0.5 mug/L. In blood samples from patients, the activation step substantially increased the concentration of active PSA, thus showing the presence of proPSA in the samples. ProPSA was 0-79% (median, 45%) of the amount of free PSA in 15 samples with total PSA concentrations of 5.3-423 mug/L. In samples obtained from three benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients after transurethal resection of the prostate, no significant increase in activity was detected after the activation step, thus showing that proPSA was not a portion of free PSA in plasma of BPH patients. Conclusions: Proforms of PSA are a considerable fraction of free PSA in the blood of patients with increased total PSA. The approach described can be used to study the diagnostic value of proPSA and active PSA in patients with BPH and prostate cancer.
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