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| 9. |
- de Jong, S, et al.
(författare)
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Applying polygenic risk scoring for psychiatric disorders to a large family with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
- 2018
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Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 1, s. 163-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychiatric disorders are thought to have a complex genetic pathology consisting of interplay of common and rare variation. Traditionally, pedigrees are used to shed light on the latter only, while here we discuss the application of polygenic risk scores to also highlight patterns of common genetic risk. We analyze polygenic risk scores for psychiatric disorders in a large pedigree (n ~ 260) in which 30% of family members suffer from major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. Studying patterns of assortative mating and anticipation, it appears increased polygenic risk is contributed by affected individuals who married into the family, resulting in an increasing genetic risk over generations. This may explain the observation of anticipation in mood disorders, whereby onset is earlier and the severity increases over the generations of a family. Joint analyses of rare and common variation may be a powerful way to understand the familial genetics of psychiatric disorders.
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| 13. |
- Finetti, P., et al.
(författare)
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Pulse duration of seeded free electron lasers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review X. - 2160-3308. ; 7:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pulse duration, and, more generally, the temporal intensity profile of free-electron laser (FEL) pulses, is of utmost importance for exploring the new perspectives offered by FELs; it is a nontrivial experimental parameter that needs to be characterized. We measured the pulse shape of an extreme ultraviolet externally seeded FEL operating in high-gain harmonic generation mode. Two different methods based on the cross-correlation of the FEL pulses with an external optical laser were used. The two methods, one capable of single-shot performance, may both be implemented as online diagnostics in FEL facilities. The measurements were carried out at the seeded FEL facility FERMI. The FEL temporal pulse characteristics were measured and studied in a range of FEL wavelengths and machine settings, and they were compared to the predictions of a theoretical model. The measurements allowed a direct observation of the pulse lengthening and splitting at saturation, in agreement with the proposed theory.
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- Purcell, Shaun M., et al.
(författare)
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Common polygenic variation contributes to risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 460:7256, s. 748-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a lifetime risk of about 1%, characterized by hallucinations, delusions and cognitive deficits, with heritability estimated at up to 80%(1,2). We performed a genome-wide association study of 3,322 European individuals with schizophrenia and 3,587 controls. Here we show, using two analytic approaches, the extent to which common genetic variation underlies the risk of schizophrenia. First, we implicate the major histocompatibility complex. Second, we provide molecular genetic evidence for a substantial polygenic component to the risk of schizophrenia involving thousands of common alleles of very small effect. We show that this component also contributes to the risk of bipolar disorder, but not to several non-psychiatric diseases.
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- Bell, Taylor, et al.
(författare)
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Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Astronomy. - 2397-3366. ; 8:7, s. 879-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hot Jupiters are among the best-studied exoplanets, but it is still poorly understood how their chemical composition and cloud properties vary with longitude. Theoretical models predict that clouds may condense on the nightside and that molecular abundances can be driven out of equilibrium by zonal winds. Here we report a phase-resolved emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b measured from 5 μm to 12 μm with the JWST’s Mid-Infrared Instrument. The spectra reveal a large day–night temperature contrast (with average brightness temperatures of 1,524 ± 35 K and 863 ± 23 K, respectively) and evidence for water absorption at all orbital phases. Comparisons with three-dimensional atmospheric models show that both the phase-curve shape and emission spectra strongly suggest the presence of nightside clouds that become optically thick to thermal emission at pressures greater than ~100 mbar. The dayside is consistent with a cloudless atmosphere above the mid-infrared photosphere. Contrary to expectations from equilibrium chemistry but consistent with disequilibrium kinetics models, methane is not detected on the nightside (2σ upper limit of 1–6 ppm, depending on model assumptions). Our results provide strong evidence that the atmosphere of WASP-43b is shaped by disequilibrium processes and provide new insights into the properties of the planet’s nightside clouds. However, the remaining discrepancies between our observations and our predictive atmospheric models emphasize the importance of further exploring the effects of clouds and disequilibrium chemistry in numerical models.
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| 18. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Snodgrass, C., et al.
(författare)
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The 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observation campaign in support of the Rosetta mission
- 2017
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions. Series A. - : The Royal Society. - 1364-503X .- 1471-2962. ; 375:2097
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a summary of the campaign of remote observations that supported the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Telescopes across the globe (and in space) followed comet 67P/ Churyumov-Gerasimenko from before Rosetta's arrival until nearly the end of the mission in September 2016. These provided essential data for mission planning, large-scale context information for the coma and tails beyond the spacecraft and a way to directly compare 67P with other comets. The observations revealed 67P to be a relatively 'well-behaved' comet, typical of Jupiter family comets and with activity patterns that repeat from orbit to orbit. Comparison between this large collection of telescopic observations and the in situ results from Rosetta will allow us to better understand comet coma chemistry and structure. This work is just beginning as the mission ends-in this paper, we present a summary of the ground-based observations and early results, and point to many questions that will be addressed in future studies. This article is part of the themed issue 'Cometary science after Rosetta'.
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- Corodescu, A. -A, et al.
(författare)
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Locality-aware workflow orchestration for big data
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. ; , s. 62-70
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of the Edge computing paradigm shifts data processing from centralised infrastructures to heterogeneous and geographically distributed infrastructure. Such a paradigm requires data processing solutions that consider data locality in order to reduce the performance penalties from data transfers between remote (in network terms) data centres. However, existing Big Data processing solutions have limited support for handling data locality and are inefficient in processing small and frequent events specific to Edge environments. This paper proposes a novel architecture and a proof-of-concept implementation for software container-centric Big Data workflow orchestration that puts data locality at the forefront. Our solution considers any available data locality information by default, leverages long-lived containers to execute workflow steps, and handles the interaction with different data sources through containers. We compare our system with Argo workflow and show significant performance improvements in terms of speed of execution for processing units of data using our data locality aware Big Data workflow approach.
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| 23. |
- Dessalk, Yared Dejene, et al.
(författare)
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Scalable Execution of Big Data Workflows using Software Containers
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Management of Digital EcoSystems, MEDES 2020. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. ; , s. 76-83
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Big Data processing involves handling large and complex data sets, incorporating different tools and frameworks as well as other processes that help organisations make sense of their data collected from various sources. This set of operations, referred to as Big Data workflows, require taking advantage of the elasticity of cloud infrastructures for scalability. In this paper, we present the design and prototype implementation of a Big Data workflow approach based on the use of software container technologies and message-oriented middleware (MOM) to enable highly scalable workflow execution. The approach is demonstrated in a use case together with a set of experiments that demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed approach for the scalable execution of Big Data workflows. Furthermore, we present a scalability comparison of our proposed approach with that of Argo Workflows-one of the most prominent tools in the area of Big Data workflows.
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| 24. |
- Esparza-Borges, E., et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere of WASP-39b Applying Standard Cross-correlation Techniques to JWST NIRSpec G395H Data
- 2023
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 955:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon monoxide was recently reported in the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter WASP-39b using the NIRSpec PRISM transit observation of this planet, collected as part of the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Program. This detection, however, could not be confidently confirmed in the initial analysis of the higher-resolution observations with NIRSpec G395H disperser. Here we confirm the detection of CO in the atmosphere of WASP-39b using the NIRSpec G395H data and cross-correlation techniques. We do this by searching for the CO signal in the unbinned transmission spectrum of the planet between 4.6 and 5.0 μm, where the contribution of CO is expected to be higher than that of other anticipated molecules in the planet’s atmosphere. Our search results in a detection of CO with a cross-correlation function (CCF) significance of 6.6σ when using a template with only 12C16O lines. The CCF significance of the CO signal increases to 7.5σ when including in the template lines from additional CO isotopologues, with the largest contribution being from 13C16O. Our results highlight how cross-correlation techniques can be a powerful tool for unveiling the chemical composition of exoplanetary atmospheres from medium-resolution transmission spectra, including the detection of isotopologues.
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| 25. |
- Flagg, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Debris Disks Can Contaminate Mid-infrared Exoplanet Spectra: Evidence for a Circumstellar Debris Disk around Exoplanet Host WASP-39
- 2024
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 969:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The signal from a transiting planet can be diluted by astrophysical contamination. In the case of circumstellar debris disks, this contamination could start in the mid-infrared and vary as a function of wavelength, which would then change the observed transmission spectrum for any planet in the system. The MIRI/Low Resolution Spectrometer WASP-39b transmission spectrum shows an unexplained dip starting at ∼10 μm that could be caused by astrophysical contamination. The spectral energy distribution displays excess flux at similar levels to that which are needed to create the dip in the transmission spectrum. In this Letter, we show that this dip is consistent with the presence of a bright circumstellar debris disk, at a distance of >2 au. We discuss how a circumstellar debris disk like that could affect the atmosphere of WASP-39b. We also show that even faint debris disks can be a source of contamination in MIRI exoplanet spectra.
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| 26. |
- Iablonskyi, D., et al.
(författare)
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Slow Interatomic Coulombic Decay of Multiply Excited Neon Clusters
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007. ; 117:27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ne clusters (∼5000 atoms) were resonantly excited (2p→3s) by intense free electron laser (FEL) radiation at FERMI. Such multiply excited clusters can decay nonradiatively via energy exchange between at least two neighboring excited atoms. Benefiting from the precise tunability and narrow bandwidth of seeded FEL radiation, specific sites of the Ne clusters were probed. We found that the relaxation of cluster surface atoms proceeds via a sequence of interatomic or intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) processes while ICD of bulk atoms is additionally affected by the surrounding excited medium via inelastic electron scattering. For both cases, cluster excitations relax to atomic states prior to ICD, showing that this kind of ICD is rather slow (picosecond range). Controlling the average number of excitations per cluster via the FEL intensity allows a coarse tuning of the ICD rate.
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| 28. |
- Matskin, Mihhail, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of big data pipeline orchestration tools from the perspective of the datacloud project
- 2021
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 63-78
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a survey of existing tools for Big Data pipeline orchestration based on a comparative framework developed in the DataCloud project. We propose criteria for evaluating the tools to support reusability, flexible pipeline communication modes, and separation of concerns in Big Data pipeline descriptions. This survey aims to identify research and technological gaps and to recommend approaches for filling them. Further work in the DataCloud project is oriented towards the design, implementation, and practical evaluation of the recommended approaches.
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| 29. |
- Rangelow, I. W., et al.
(författare)
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Piezoresistive and self-actuated 128-cantilever arrays for nanotechnology applications
- 2007
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Ingår i: Microelectronic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9317 .- 1873-5568. ; 84:5-8, s. 1260-1264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major limitation for future nanotechnology, particularly for bottom-up manufacturing is the non-availability of 2-dimensional massively parallel probe arrays. Scanning proximity probes are uniquely powerful tools for analysis, manipulation and bottom-up synthesis: they are capable of addressing and engineering surfaces at the atomic level and are the key to unlocking the full potential of Nanotechnology. Generic massively parallel intelligent cantilever-probe platforms is demonstrated through a number of existing and ground-breaking techniques. A packaged VLSI NEMS-chip (Very Large Scale Integrated Nano Electro Mechanical System) incorporating 128 proximal probes, fully addressable with control and readout interconnects and advanced software will be presented.
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| 30. |
- Roman, D., et al.
(författare)
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Big Data Pipelines on the Computing Continuum : Ecosystem and Use Cases Overview
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organisations possess and continuously generate huge amounts of static and stream data, especially with the proliferation of Internet of Things technologies. Collected but unused data, i.e., Dark Data, mean loss in value creation potential. In this respect, the concept of Computing Continuum extends the traditional more centralised Cloud Computing paradigm with Fog and Edge Computing in order to ensure low latency pre-processing and filtering close to the data sources. However, there are still major challenges to be addressed, in particular related to management of various phases of Big Data processing on the Computing Continuum. In this paper, we set forth an ecosystem for Big Data pipelines in the Computing Continuum and introduce five relevant real-life example use cases in the context of the proposed ecosystem.
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