| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Amin, Khabat, et al.
(författare)
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Fall- and collision-related injuries among pedestrians in road traffic environment : A Swedish national register-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 81, s. 153-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the burden of pedestrian injuries, including pedestrian fall injuries (PFI), compared to other transport-related injuries in Sweden and document their characteristics in terms of demographics, causes, type of injuries, and severity level with a focus on long-term consequences. Methods: Data were retrieved from the national Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition register. A total of 361,531 fatalities and injuries were reported by emergency hospitals during 2010–2019, of which 127,804 were pedestrians (35%). We assessed the magnitude of PFIs and conducted comparative analyses to assess differences compared to other types of road users regarding sex, age, severity level, injury circumstances, hospital care, causes of accidents, and type of injuries. Results: Pedestrians were the second largest group of traffic-related deaths in Sweden after car occupants and accounted for just over a quarter of all fatal accidents in the road traffic environment. Of the total number of pedestrian fatalities, three out of four have been in collision accidents and the others in fall-related accidents. In terms of injuries, pedestrians were the largest group among all road users, regardless of the type of accident. PFIs accounted for a third of all injuries in the road traffic environment and nearly half of all injuries resulting in permanent medical impairment (i.e., 2.2 times more long-term consequences among PFIs compared to injured car occupants). Females (particularly middle-aged and older) and older adults were overrepresented, and most PFIs occurred on urban and municipal roads. The causes were often related to maintenance (e.g., slippery surfaces such as ice, snow, leaves or gravel together with uneven pavements and roads are the cause three out of four of PFIs). Among collision injuries, the representation was almost equal for sex and age. Conclusions: Injuries and fatalities among pedestrians are a considerable issue in the road traffic environment in Sweden. Contrary to other traffic groups, the incidence has not decreased over time, meaning that this issue must be met with specific measures and address the specific risk factors they are associated with. Practical Application: Including fall accidents in the definition of traffic accidents increases the chances of getting better information about the accidents and taking preventive measures.
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| 3. |
- Amin, Khabat, et al.
(författare)
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Injury Reducing Effect of GSHP-Heated Pedestrian Paths
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Ground Source Heat Pump Association-Research Conference. ; , s. 227-235
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, falls amongst pedestrians during wintertime, due to slipping on ice and snow, is a costly and growing problem. Using data on pedestrian falls from four Swedish cities, the injury-reducing effect of heated surfaces was studied. The results indicate that heated surfaces have a significant injury-reducing effect especially in cities with more ice and snow. Currently, district heating is used as a heat source and at an increasing cost. By using GSHP systems as a heat source, the cost could be considerably lowered, and in this way secure the further use and expansion of heated pedestrian paths.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Are fire safe cigarettes actually fire safe? : Evidence from changes in US state laws
- 2018
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 24:3, s. 193-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of fire safe cigarette laws on fire mortality and cigarette-related fires in the USA.METHODS: We examined the gradual implementation of the laws to identify their average effects, using difference-in-differences analysis to account for common year effects, time-invariant state effects, state-specific trends and observable time-varying state-level covariates.RESULTS: We found no statistically significant effects on all-cause fire mortality, residential fire mortality or cigarette-caused fire rates. The estimates for cigarette-caused fire deaths were significant under some specifications, but were not robust to the inclusion of state-specific trends or comparisons to effects on other cause-determined fires.CONCLUSIONS: Given the mixed state of our results, we conclude that previous claims regarding the effects of fire safe cigarette laws may be premature.
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| 7. |
- Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Can the provision of a home help service for the elderly population reduce the incidence of fall-related injuries?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 22:Suppl.2, s. A181-A181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Fall-related injuries are a global public health problem, especially in elderly populations. In this study, the effect of an intervention aimed at reducing the risk of falls in the homes of community-dwelling elderly persons was evaluated. The intervention, which involves home hazards reduction by providing a minor home help service, is provided in the majority of Swedish municipalities.Methods Intention-to-treat effect estimates were derived using quasi-experimental time series intervention (ITS) analysis for immediate effects and a difference-in-discontinuity (RD) design for long term effects, and community-level estimates were pooled using meta-analysis. The outcome measure was the incidence of fall-related hospitalizations in the treatment population, the age of which varied by municipality (≥65 years, ≥67 years, ≥70 years or ≥75 years).Results We found no statistically significant reductions in injury incidence in the ITS (IRR 1.01 [95% CI: 0.98–1.05]) or RD (IRR 1.00 [95% CI: 0.97–1.03]) analyses. The results are robust to several different model specifications, including segmented panel regression analysis with linear trend change and community fixed effects parameters.Conclusions It is unclear whether absence of an effect is due to a low efficacy of the home hazards modifications provided, or a result of low utilisation. Additional studies of the effects on other quality of life measures are recommended before conclusions are drawn regarding the cost-effectiveness of the provision of home help services
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| 8. |
- Bonander, Carl, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Can the provision of a minor home help service for the elderly population reduce the incidence of fall-related injuries? : A quasi-experimental study of the community-level effects on hospital admissions in Swedish municipalities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 22:6, s. 412-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFall-related injuries are a global public health problem, especially in elderly populations. The effect of an intervention aimed at reducing the risk of falls in the homes of community-dwelling elderly persons was evaluated. The intervention mainly involves the performance of complicated tasks and hazards assessment by a trained assessor, and has been adopted gradually over the last decade by 191 of 290 Swedish municipalities. MethodsA quasi-experimental design was used where intention-to-treat effect estimates were derived using panel regression analysis and a regression-discontinuity (RD) design. The outcome measure was the incidence of fall-related hospitalizations in the treatment population, the age of which varied by municipality (≥65 years, ≥67 years, ≥70 years or ≥75 years).ResultsWe found no statistically significant reductions in injury incidence in the panel regression (IRR 1.01 [95% CI: 0.98-1.05]) or RD (IRR 1.00 [95% CI: 0.97-1.03]) analyses. The results are robust to several different model specifications, including segmented panel regression analysis with linear trend change and community fixed effects parameters.ConclusionsIt is unclear whether the absence of an effect is due to a low efficacy of the services provided, or a result of low adherence. Additional studies of the effects on other quality of life measures are recommended before conclusions are drawn regarding the cost-effectiveness of the provision of home help service programs.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bonander, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of the Swedish bicycle helmet law for children : An interrupted time series study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 51, s. 15-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous population-based research has shown that bicycle helmet laws can reduce head injury rates among cyclists. According to deterrence theory, such laws are mainly effective if there is a high likelihood of being apprehended. In this study, we investigated the effect of the Swedish helmet law for children under the age of 15, a population that cannot be fined. Method An interrupted time series design was used. Monthly inpatient data on injured cyclists from 1998–2012, stratified by age (0–14, 15 +), sex, and injury diagnosis, was obtained from the National Patient Register. The main outcome measure was the proportion of head injury admissions per month. Intervention effect estimates were obtained using generalized autoregressive moving average (GARMA) models. Pre-legislation trend and seasonality was adjusted for, and differences-in-differences estimation was obtained using adults as a non-equivalent control group. Results There was a statistically significant intervention effect among male children, where the proportion of head injuries dropped by 7.8 percentage points. There was no evidence of an intervention effect on the proportion of head injuries among female children. Conclusion According to hospital admission data, the bicycle helmet law appears to have had an effect only on male children.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Carlström, Eric, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Medical Emergencies During a Half Marathon Race - The Influence of Weather
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sports Medicine. - Stuttgart : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0172-4622 .- 1439-3964. ; 40:5, s. 312-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to analyze the influence of weather conditions on medical emergencies in a half-marathon, specifically by evaluating its relation to the number of non-finishers, ambulance-required assistances, and collapses in need of ambulance as well as looking at the location of such emergencies on the race course. Seven years of data from the world's largest half marathon were used. Meteorological data were obtained from a nearby weather station, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was used as a measure of general weather conditions. Of the 315,919 race starters, 104 runners out of the 140 ambulance-required assistances needed ambulance services due to collapses. Maximum air temperature and PET significantly co-variated with ambulance-required assistances, collapses, and non-finishers (R (2) =0.65-0.92; p=0.001-0.03). When air temperatures vary between 15-29 degrees C, an increase of 1 degrees C results in an increase of 2.5 (0.008/1000) ambulance-required assistances, 2.5 (0.008/1000) collapses (needing ambulance services), and 107 (0.34/1000) non-finishers. The results also indicate that when the daily maximum PET varies between 18-35 degrees C, an increase of 1 degrees C PET results in an increase of 1.8 collapses (0.006/1000) needing ambulance services and 66 non-finishers (0.21/1000).
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| 13. |
- Ghai, Shashank, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of compression garments on proprioception : A systematic review and meta‐analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1536:1, s. 60-81
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compression garments (CGs) are commonly used in rehabilitation and sports contexts to enhance performance and speed up recovery. Despite the growing use of CGs in recent decades, there is no unanimous consensus on their overall influence on joint proprioception. In this current meta-analysis, we aim to fill this knowledge gap by assessing the impact of CGs on joint proprioception. We conducted a literature search across seven databases and one registry. Ultimately, we included 27 studies with 671 participants. The meta-analysis revealed that wearing CGs resulted in a significant reduction in absolute error during joint position sensing (Hedges’ g: −0.64, p = 0.006) as compared to no CGs. However, further analyses of variables such as constant error (p = 0.308), variable error (p = 0.541) during joint position sense tests, threshold to detect passive motion (p = 0.757), and active movement extent discrimination (p = 0.842) did not show a significant impact of CGs. The review also identified gaps in the reporting of certain outcomes, such as parameters of CGs, reporting of performance, individual-reported outcomes, and lack of placebo comparators. Consequently, this review provides guidelines for future studies that may facilitate evidence-based synthesis and ultimately contribute to a better understanding of the overall influence of CGs on joint proprioception.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A quasi-experimental evaluation of compliant flooring in a residential care setting
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Francisco : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 13:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFall injuries affect the lives of older people to a substantial degree. This quasi-experimental observational study investigates the potential fall injury reducing effect of a compliant flooring in a residential care setting.MethodsThe allocation of the compliant flooring was non-random. Data on fall-events and individual characteristics were collected in a residential care unit during a period of 68 months. The primary outcome was the fall injury rate per fall, and a logistic regression analysis was used to test for the effect of complaint flooring. Falls per 1000 bed days was the secondary outcome, used to measure the difference in fall risk on compliant flooring versus regular flooring.ResultsThe event dataset is an unbalanced panel with repeated observations on 114 individuals, with 70% women. The mean age was 84.9 years of age, the average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.7, and there was a mean of 6.57 (SD: 15.28) falls per individual. The unadjusted effect estimate showed a non-significant relative risk injury reduction of 29% per fall (RR 0.71 [95% CI: 0.46–1.09]) compared to regular flooring. Re-estimating, excluding identified outliers, showed an injury risk reduction of 63% (RR 0.37 [95% CI: 0.25–0.54]). Falls per 1000 bed days showed that individuals living in apartments with compliant flooring had a fall rate of 5.3 per 1000 bed days compared to a fall rate of 8.4 per 1000 bed days among individuals living in regular apartments. This corresponds to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.63 (95% exact Poisson CI: 0.50–0.80).ConclusionThe results of this non-randomized study indicate that compliant flooring has the potential to reduce the risk of fall injury without increasing the fall risk among older people in a Swedish residential care setting.
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| 16. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Compliant sports floors and fall-related injuries: evidence from a residential care setting and updated meta-analysis for all patient care settings
- 2023
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 29:4, s. 283-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCompliant flooring may prevent fall injuries in residential care, but evidence is inconclusive. We investigate compliant sports floors and fall-related injuries in a residential care setting and update a meta-analysis from a recent systematic review on compliant flooring. MethodsA non-randomised study comparing outcomes in a residential care unit that installed sports flooring in bedrooms with four units with regular flooring in a Norwegian municipality (n=193). Data on falls were collected for a period of 46 months (323 falls on sports flooring; 414 on regular flooring). Outcomes were injurious falls per person bed-day, falls per person bed-day and injury risks per fall. Confounding was adjusted for using Andersen-Gill proportional hazards and log-binomial regression models. Random-effects inverse variance models were used to pool estimates. ResultsInjurious fall rates were 13% lower in the unit with sports flooring (adjusted HR (aHR): 0.87 (95% CI: 0.55 to 1.37)). There was limited evidence of adverse effects on fall rates (aHR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.63 to 1.38)) and the injury risk per fall was lower in fall events that occurred on sports floors (adjusted relative risk (RR): 0.75 (95% CI: 0.53 to 1.08)). Pooling these estimates with previous research added precision, but the overall pattern was the same (pooled RR for injurious falls: 0.66 (95% CI: 0.39 to 1.12); fall rates: 0.87 (95% CI: 0.68 to 1.12); injury risks per fall: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.52 to 0.97)). ConclusionSports floors may be an alternative to novel shock-absorbing floors in care settings; however, more research is needed to improve precision.
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| 17. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Impact-Absorbing Flooring in Residential Care from the Perspectives of Enrolled Nurses
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Housing for the Elderly. - : Routledge. - 0276-3893 .- 1540-353X. ; 31:4, s. 367-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Falls are a daily occurrence in nursing homes and few interventions for reducing fall-related injuries have proven to be effective. Impact absorbing flooring (IAF) in residential care has shown promising results in reducing fail-injuries and in the process of developing and implementing IAF all aspects are valuable to explore. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study is to describe the enrolled nurses (ENs) experiences of IAF. We carried out focus group interviews with ENs and used content analysis to process the data. The ENs experienced both negative and positive aspects with the IAF. Importantly, the ENs perceived the IAF as effective in preventing fall-injuries. They also appreciated the improvements in acoustics. Negative aspects were that the flooring initially was challenging to walk on and that it made it harder to maneuver heavy equipment. A significant and transferable finding in this study was the importance of the ENs' perceived difficulty in preventing fall-injuries amongst elderly people living in nursing homes. This seemed to be a driving force to accept the intervention. Although IAF affects the working conditions in a nursing home, ENs are willing to accept these issues given the perceived effectiveness of the intervention.
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| 18. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-
(författare)
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Effekter av stötdämpande golv som fallskadepreventiv åtgärd för äldre på särskilt boende
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fallskador är den vanligaste orsaken till skada i alla åldrar men är en skadetyp som blir vanligare ju äldre personen blir. Av de som läggs in på sjukhus för en skada till följd av ett fall är cirka 70 % över 65 år. Förutom det lidande som en fallskada utgör för den som drabbas finns också en utmaning kopplad till den pågående demografiska förskjutningen mot en allt äldre befolkning, vilket gör att omfattningen av problemet förutspås öka.Stötdämpande golv är en relativt ny intervention, framtagen i syfte att minska risken för fallskador bland äldre. Behovet av ett dämpande golv för att förebygga fallskador bland äldre personer på särskilda boenden bottnar i problemets stora omfattning och det faktum att det visat sig vara synnerligen svårt att förhindra fallskador i denna population. Principen att använda stötdämpande material för skademinskning har dock använts inom många områden, både länge och framgångsrikt. Genom att lägga ett dämpande material mellan kroppen och den yta som kroppen riskerar att stöta samman med minskar risken för skada.Utformning, testning och implementering av stötdämpande golv i vårdmiljöer har på senare år tagit fart, men studier i klinisk miljö är fortfarande få. Även om interventionen är teoretiskt välgrundad går det inte att fullt ut veta vilka effekter den kommer att få innan den testas i sin tänkta kontext. När det gäller stötdämpande golv finns en farhåga om att det skulle påverka balansen och på så sätt öka risken för fall. Andra aspekter är funktionen utifrån ett arbetsmiljöperspektiv och inte minst som en del av boendemiljön för de äldre. Därför är syftet med denna avhandling att undersöka den fallskadepreventiva effekten för äldre av ett stötdämpande golv på särskilt boende. Vidar undersöks också den befarade effekten på fallrisk samt eventuell effekten på arbetsmiljön för personalen och boendemiljön för de äldre.Resultaten i denna avhandling visar att stötdämpande golv har potentialen att minska risken för fallskador bland äldre på särskilt boende, en population där det hittills varit svårt att finna och implementera effektiva åtgärder. När det gäller den befarade oönskad bieffekt att golvet skulle leda till ökad fallrisk så tyder resultaten inte på någon sådan effekt, även om risken inte helt kan uteslutas.Undersköterskorna som arbetar på boendet upplever att golvet avdramatiserat fallen och att ljudnivån dämpats, aspekter de uppfattar som positiva. De upplever också att vissa utmaningar är förknippade med golvet. Främst att det tog tid att vänja sig vid att gå på det dämpande golvet och att tunga hjälpmedel (exempelvis lyftar) blev svårare att flytta. Resultaten tyder på att stötdämpande golv kan vara en framkomlig väg för fallskadeprevention riktat mot en äldre och skör population. Undersköterskorna var positiva till interventionen som påverkade deras arbetsmiljö på flera sätt, en aspekt som behöver undersökas vidare.Ett antal oväntade bieffekter uppstod som ett resultat av golvet. Från ett positivt perspektiv påverkade det dämpande golvet ljudbilden till det bättre, en faktor som underlättade implementeringen och acceptansen. Samtidigt identifierades problem som behöver lösas. Den ökade fysiska arbetsbelastning som personalen upplevde när de gick på det dämpande golvet samt det ökade rullmotståndet vid hantering av hjälpmedel behöver studeras vidare. Likaså behöver framtida utvecklingen av stötdämpande golv ta hänsyn till de unika förutsättningar som finns inom hälso- och sjukvården med avseende på slitage, hjälpmedel och hygien. I detta arbete behöver det etableras vilka dämpande egenskaper ett golv bör ha för att uppnå en optimal skademinskning i relation till annan funktionalitet.Att personalen upplever sig handfallna inför problemet med fall och fallskador, samt att de äldre är tämligen ointresserade av aktiva interventioner förstärker uppfattning om att stötdämpande golv kan ha stor potential. Framtiden får utvisa om dessa problem kan finna en lösning och om stötdämpande golv implementeras i stor skala och därmed bidra till att minska omfattningen av fallskador bland sköra äldre.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Fallskador bland äldre : steg för steg
- 2015
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Ingår i: Personsäkerhet - teori och praktik. - Karlstad : Myndigheten för Samhällsskydd och Beredskap (MSB). - 9789173836203 ; , s. 179-199
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 21. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Individual and contextual factors associated with the use of anti-slip devices according to a Swedish national survey
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport & Health. - : Elsevier. - 2214-1405 .- 2214-1413. ; 17, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionWalking as a means of transportation can enforce a more active lifestyle and constitutes an environmentally friendly option to motor vehicles. However, in Northern countries, ice and snow tend to increase the risk of fall injuries among pedestrians during the winter. Therefore, the use of anti-slip devices, such as ice cleats or “studded footwear”, has been suggested as a viable intervention in promoting an active lifestyle whilst reducing injury risk. We investigate the usage of anti-slip devices, focusing on people 50 years and above living in Sweden.MethodWe used nationally representative survey data for men and women aged 18–79 years and residing in Sweden (n = 23,168), focusing primarily on middle-aged to older adults (50+ years). We used logistic regression to identify predictors of use.ResultsOverall, our estimates suggest that 28.5 (95% CI: 27.0, 29.2) percent of the Swedish population use anti-slip devices during snowy and slippery road conditions, with usage rates increasing strongly with age (from roughly 10 percent at 20 years to 60 percent at 79 years). In addition, the results show that being female, experiencing a fear of falling, living in a municipality with a high number of snow days, and using other types of personal safety equipment increases the probability of being an anti-slip device user.ConclusionsOur results imply that people at risk for outdoor fall injuries are high users. Even so, the number of pedestrian injuries due to slipping on snow and ice are still substantial and there are a several potential target groups for future intervention. More research is needed to determine if the devices are used correctly, and to determine the barriers to anti-slip device use in low-use populations.
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| 22. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the fall-injury reducing effect of impact absorbing flooring among female nursing home residents : initial results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785. ; 21:5, s. 320-32-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Fall-related injuries affect the lives of elderly to a substantial degree. This quasi-experimental study investigates the fall-injury reducing effect of impact absorbing flooring among female nursing home residents.METHODS:The intervention site is a nursing home in Sweden where impact absorbing flooring was installed in parts of one of six wards (six out of 10 apartments (excluding bathrooms), the communal dining-room and parts of the corridor). The impact absorbing flooring is a 12 mm thick closed cell flexible polyurethane/polyurea composite tile (500×500 mm) with an exterior surface of polyurethane/polyurea. A generalised linear model (log-binomial) was used to calculate the RR of injury from falls on impact absorbing flooring compared to falls on regular flooring, adjusted for age, body mass index, visual and cognitive impairments.RESULTS:During the study period (1 October 2011 to 31 March 2014), 254 falls occurred on regular flooring and 77 falls on impact absorbing flooring. The injury/fall rate was 30.3% for falls on regular flooring and 16.9% for falls on impact absorbing flooring. Adjusted for covariates, the impact absorbing flooring significantly reduced the RR of injury in the event of a fall by 59% (RR 0.41 (95% Cl 0.20 to 0.80)).CONCLUSIONS:This is, to our knowledge, the first study evaluating the injury-reducing effect of impact absorbing flooring in a nursing home showing statistically significant effect. The results from this study are promising, indicating the considerable potential of impact absorbing flooring as a fall-related injury intervention among frail elderly.
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| 23. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Preventing fall injuries among elderly by shock absorbing flooring
- 2012
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Ingår i: Injury Prevention. - : BMJ. - 1353-8047 .- 1475-5785.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Within nursing homes, the fall-related fracture incidence rate is between 5 and 10 %. For those living in nursing homes there are limited options for active fall injury prevention, due to physical impairments and diseases. Instead, passive fall injury prevention is a more realistic alternative. Shock absorbing flooring has been suggested as a potential passive safety measure for this group of individuals.Aims/Objectives/Purpose. To evaluate the fall injury reducing effect of shock absorbing flooring in a nursing home setting in Sunne, Sweden.Methods. The study is case controlled, with the shock absorbing flooring installed on one ward with a maximum of 12 residents and the other 5 wards are controls. The total number of residents including control wards is approximately 60. Baseline measurements are made with estimates of the risk of falling as well as the risk of fall-related injury.Results/Outcome. After one year, there has been 22 falls on the shock absorbing flooring, with no resulting injury compared to 130 falls and 4 fractures on the control wards. An unexpected finding is that the acoustic environment has improved considerably, creating a calmer environment for the elderly.Significance/Contribution to the field. To our knowledge, this is the first time a shock absorbing flooring has been tested and evaluated as a means of injury preventionin a nursing home. Although this is a pilot study, it contributes towards improved passive safety for this frail group of elderly.
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| 24. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Stötabsorberande golv som fallskadepreventiv åtgärd – resultat efter ett år
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I april 2011 lades ett stötabsorberande golv, framtaget för att förhindra skador vid fall, in på ett särskilt boende i Sunne kommun. Sedan 1 oktober 2011 har data om fallhändelser samlats in för att följa upp effekter av golvet. Det som undersöks är konsekvenser av fall på olika golvunderlag samt om risken att ramla påverkas.Under den tid som studien pågått (12 mån) har 21 fall registrerats på det stötabsorberande golvet, ingen har skadats sig allvarligt och en har skadats lindrigt som en följd av dessa fall. På övriga golvytor med fler boende har 156 fall registrerats, varav fem lett till fraktur och 30 till lindrig skada. Resultaten hittills tyder på att golvet kan ha den eftersträvade effekten.Det stötabsorberande golvet bidrar också till en dämpad ljudnivå vilket personalen upplever som positivt.
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| 25. |
- Gustavsson, Johanna, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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There is more to Life than Risk Avoidance : Elderly Peoples Perspectives of Falls and Compliant Flooring
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 13:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Falls are the most common cause of injury in all ages and are especiallydifficult to prevent among residential care residents. Compliant flooring has beenproposed as a measure to prevent fall-injury, however little is known regarding theimplementation aspects in clinical settings. The aim of this study was to explore thefrail elderly person's view on falls, the risk of fall-injury, prevention in general andspecifically compliant flooring as an injury preventative measure. Methods. In this qualitative study, we used the grounded theory method and conductedin depths interviews with eight elderly people in residential care.Results. The identified categories were Falling as a part of life, Fearing theconsequences and A wish to prevent falls and injuries. Through the results is was clearthat There is more to life than risk avoidance, permeated the interviews, thereforeforming the grounded theory. The interviewees viewed falls as something common andnormal, and were uninterested in focusing on the risk of falls. Although they wanted toprevent falls, it was often difficult to integrate preventative measures into their everydaylife. They embraced the idea of an injury reducing compliant flooring, but their maininterests lie elsewhere.Conclusions. The results in this paper propose explanations on the obstacles ofimplementing fall prevention measures in an elderly frail population. The findings cangive us insights as to why interest, compliance for active fall prevention measures arelow, and on various factors that have to be taken under consideration in the process ofconstructing prevention. Compliant flooring is a passive fall injury prevention measurethat does not require the target group to make active decisions, adapt or activelyparticipate in the program. Therefore, we conclude that complaint flooring, from theperspective of the residents, can work well in residential care.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Johansson, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
-
Förstudie för Centrum för planering för Gång
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är resultatet av en förstudie för projektförslaget Centrum för Planering för Gång, hädanefter kallat Forskningsprogrammet Planering för Gång. Syftet med det tilltänkta forskningsprogrammet är att arbeta med transportslaget gång enligt de två övergripande projektmålen att öka kunskapen om (1) hur gångtrafiken kan öka och (2) hur trafikslagets säkerhetssituation kan förbättra. Syftet är även att integrera dessa tillsammans, på ett systematiskt och tvärvetenskapligt sätt inom trafikplaneringen. Betydelsen av att ”färdas till fots” är bred i denna ansats, med fokus på att behandla det ”som ett transportsätt".I denna förstudie har tre seminarier genomförts för att identifiera forskningsämnen, partners, behovet och fokus av ett sammanhållet forskningsprogram avseende transportslaget gång och dess olika aspekter. De tre seminarierna har ordnats med deltagare från kommuner, Trafikverket och andra statliga aktörer, teknik- och designföretag/Innovationsföretagen m.fl. Denna förstudie avser således verksamhetsplanering för fortsatt Forskningsprogrammet Planering för Gång.Deltagarna till seminarierna valdes strategiskt ut från författarens professionella nätverk. Syftet var att inkludera ett stort antal olika intresseorganisationer, offentliga myndigheter och privata företag från hela Skandinavien. Totalt bjöds 162 personer in till de tre seminarierna, och totalt 68 personer deltog vid ett, två, eller alla tre seminarierna. De identifierade övergripande frågeställningarna eller perspektiven var:Synen på gångtrafik och fotgängareEtt tydligt och genomgående tema eller perspektiv i seminarierna var den makthierarki som befästs inom trafikmiljön. Den dominerande synen är att motoriserad transport prioriteras, följt av cykling. Längst ned i hierarkin finns gång.Samhällelig och rumslig planeringDetta tema behandlar planering i en vid betydelse – på gatunivå ända upp till urban/regional nivå.Från både ett design-, säkerhets- och upplevelseperspektiv är mjuka värden såsom upplevelser, trygghet och estetik viktiga komponenter i relation till att uppmuntra transportslaget gång.Data och indikatorer och data för uppföljningOavsett om det handlar om exponeringsdata, skadedata, trygghetsdata eller framåtblickande indikatorer i relation till fotgängare finns stora brister i datakvalitet och definitioner. Bristen på data innebär i sin tur att utvärderingar av interventioner är svåra att genomföra.Ansvar och organisationBehoven hos fotgängare, oavsett om dessa relaterar till underhåll, planering eller säkerhet, är spridda på många olika samhällsaktörer.Brist på övergripande strategier och riktlinjer samt ett spretigt forskningsfältTrots det miljö- och hälsomässiga fördelarna av gång finns inga nationella strategier för hur antalet fotgängare ska öka eller hur mängden steg ska öka.Socio-ekonomiska aspekterivDå socio-ekonomiska faktorer är centrala för att förstå och förklara risk, exponering och beteendemönster är bristen på denna typ av kunskap problematiskt. Inte minst gäller detta i relation till planering, interventioner eller underhåll för att veta hur olika socioekonomiska grupper påverkas och deras möjlighet att gå (på ett säkert sätt).• Samhällsekonomiska effekterFör att fullt ut förstå gångens fulla effekt på individer och samhälle behövs en mer sammansatt förståelse av transportslaget gångs effekter på samhällets kostnader och vinster.En övergripande modellUtöver perspektiven ovan identifierades också ett övergripande perspektiv – relationen mellan individen, klimatet och dess omkringliggande (byggda) miljö.Vår målsättning är att Forskningsprogrammet Planering för Gång ska bli ett nationellt kunskapsprogram för forskning och utbildning om transportslaget gång och fotgängare. Grunden för vår verksamhetsidé är att forskningsprogrammet ska vara öppet för alla relevanta aktörer och intressenter för kunskapsutbyte och innovation för transportslaget gång och fotgängare. Forskningsprogrammet Planering för Gång ska öka det tvärvetenskapliga samarbetet, arbeta för långsiktig kunskapsuppbyggnad, knyta forskningen närmare samhället och uppfylla följande syften om transportslaget gång och fotgängare:Att möta samhällets utmaningar och aktörernas behov genom tillämpad forskning och utveckling samt spridning av kunskap.Att bygga upp en långsiktig, konkurrenskraftig och sammanhållen kompetens inom transportslaget gång och fotgängare genom forskning, utbildning och professionell erfarenhet.Att skapa en plattform för excellent och innovativ forskning.Baserat på utredningen ovan är förslaget att organisationsformen för ett framtida ”center” är forskningsprogram. Detta ger de tydligaste förutsättningarna gällande både organisation och hantering av ekonomi. Organisationsformen forskningsprogram ger även möjlighet till den mest inkluderande ansatsen, olika typer av professionella organisationer kan delta, och det blir tydligt hur och när eventuell medfinansiering kan ske, samt hur avtal för det kan tas fram.
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| 28. |
- Jonsson, Anders, 1967-
(författare)
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Dödsbränder i Sverige : En analys av datakvalitet, orsaker och riskmönster
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Risken att omkomma genom brand har mer än halverats under de senaste 60 åren i Sverige. Det är idag mycket ovanligt att små barn omkommer i brand men samma positiva utveckling kan inte ses för de äldre. En åldrande befolkning som i ökande omfattning förväntas bo kvar hemma innebär att denna grupp måste prioriteras i framtida brandskyddsarbete. Sambearbetning av data från tre nationella register visar att rutinmässigt framtagen statistik systematiskt underskattar den verkliga situationen. Män, äldre, ensamboende och ekonomiskt svaga är särskilt riskutsatta grupper att omkomma vid bostadsbränder och förekomst av alkohol bland offren är mycket vanligt. Den i särklass vanligaste brandorsaken är rökning. Trots att varje dödsbrand är unik kan det omfattande materialet beskrivas av relativt få och tydligt avgränsade typer av händelser som var och en måste mötas med relevanta preventiva insatser. Avhandlingen visar att dödsbränder i bostäder i huvudsak är ett socialt problem och att det kommer att krävas uthålliga och breda strategier, bestående både av sociala och tekniska åtgärder för att skydda de mest riskutsatta och sårbara människorna i samhället.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Jonsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Fire-Related Mortality in Sweden : Temporal Trends 1952 to 2013
- 2016
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Ingår i: Fire Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0015-2684 .- 1572-8099. ; 52:6, s. 1697-1707
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines temporal trends in deaths due to fire-related accidents in Sweden from 1952 to 2013 based on statistics in the Cause of Death register held by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Fatalities coded with underlying cause of death associated with fire-related accidents are included and absolute numbers and age-adjusted mortality rates are calculated and statistically analysed for trends using Poisson regression. The results show a significant reduction in both absolute numbers and in the age-adjusted mortality rate with a decline in absolute number of deaths of 34% over the period. However, the elderly population (80+ years) showed a significant increase in absolute numbers. Regarding the age-adjusted mortality rate, a significant reduction of 63% was observed and children aged 0 to 4 years showed the largest decrease (91%). A reduction was seen both in terms of fatalities due to burns and carbon monoxide poisoning, although the reduction was more pronounced with regards to burns (69% compared to 46%). Although an overall decrease was observed in both absolute numbers and in the age-adjusted mortality rate, with an aging population, the absolute numbers of fire-related deaths for the elderly population will most likely increase in the future. Therefore, whilst previously a child-injury issue, fire-related deaths in Sweden is now predominantly an issue of safety for the elderly. In combination with more deaths now being attributed to carbon monoxide poisoning, new preventative strategies may be required.
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| 31. |
- Jonsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Residential fire fatality typologies in Sweden : Results after 20 years of high-quality data
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 82, s. 68-84
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Despite a positive long-term trend in fire mortality rates, more knowledge is required concerning the causes and typologies of fatal residential fires in order to improve preventative efforts and further decrease fatality rates. A previous study suggested that fatal residential fires can be grouped into six categories, however, the analyses were performed on a limited dataset that is now more than a decade old. As such, there are some uncertainties regarding the current situation. Also, in the previous study, no subgroups were analyzed separately, despite fatal fires being renowned for being strongly age-dependent. Method: This study re-analyzes the typologies for fatal residential fires in Sweden using cluster analysis, based on data for a period of 20 years with a particular focus on older adults. Results: The results suggest that the original cluster analyses were relatively robust for both the total population and for the elderly population, thereby indicating that fatal fires seem to be consistently grouped into certain types. Conclusions: The results suggest that preventative efforts can be directed toward these types of events involving identified individuals. The results also suggest that the number of fatal residential fires with unknown causes has increased in relation to other fires during the 20-year study period. Practical Implications: Fatal residential fires with unknown causes are more often large night-time fires occurring in houses in rural locations. In order to prevent these, both prevention and reactive strategies need to be re-evaluated.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Jonsson, Anders, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
-
The state of the residential fire fatality problem in Sweden : Epidemiology, risk factors, and event typologies
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; 62, s. 89-100
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionResidential fires represent the largest category of fatal fires in Sweden. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of fatal residential fires in Sweden and to identify clusters of events.MethodData was collected from a database that combines information on fatal fires with data from forensic examinations and the Swedish Cause of Death-register. Mortality rates were calculated for different strata using population statistics and rescue service turnout reports. Cluster analysis was performed using multiple correspondence analysis with agglomerative hierarchical clustering.ResultsMale sex, old age, smoking, and alcohol were identified as risk factors, and the most common primary injury diagnosis was exposure to toxic gases. Compared to non-fatal fires, fatal residential fires more often originated in the bedroom, were more often caused by smoking, and were more likely to occur at night. Six clusters were identified. The first two clusters were both smoking-related, but were separated into (1) fatalities that often involved elderly people, usually female, whose clothes were ignited (17% of the sample), (2) middle-aged (45–64 years old), (often) intoxicated men, where the fire usually originated in furniture (30%). Other clusters that were identified in the analysis were related to (3) fires caused by technical fault, started in electrical installations in single houses (13%), (4) cooking appliances left on (8%), (5) events with unknown cause, room and object of origin (25%), and (6) deliberately set fires (7%).ConclusionsFatal residential fires were unevenly distributed in the Swedish population. To further reduce the incidence of fire mortality, specialized prevention efforts that focus on the different needs of each cluster are required.Practical applicationsCooperation between various societal functions, e.g. rescue services, elderly care, psychiatric clinics and other social services, with an application of both human and technological interventions, should reduce residential fire mortality in Sweden.
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| 34. |
- Khorram-Manesh, Amir, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Profiling Collapsing Half Marathon Runners-Emerging Risk Factors : Results from Gothenburg Half Marathon
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Sports. - : MDPI. - 2075-4663. ; 8:1, s. 1-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among several serious medical conditions, arrhythmia and heat stroke are two important causes of death during endurance races. Clinically, collapsing might be the first sign of these serious conditions and may mimic the more common and benign exercise-associated collapse. Several risk factors have been reported in the literature. We aimed to conduct a qualitative study to find a perceived risk profile among runners who collapsed and who were transported by ambulances to the nearest hospital during Gothenburg's half marathon (2010-2017). Collapsing runners seem to lack the ability to make a decision to withdraw from the contest despite being exhausted. They feel the pain, but are unable to put meaning to their feeling, to adjust their pacing, and to handle other influences. Consequently, they do not overcome the problem or assess the situation. These individual mental characteristics may indicate a unique profile for collapsing runners. Pre-race health control and educational initiatives aiming at mental preparedness and information before endurance races might be a necessary step to avoid life-threatening complications.
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| 35. |
- Luning, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and characteristics of severe exercise-associated collapse at the world's largest half-marathon
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Whilst many health benefits are associated with regular exercise, medical complications may occur during higher-intensity activities, such as long distance running contests. The most common complication is collapse. However, the incidence and characteristics of these collapses are not very well studied. This is a retrospective study of severe collapse, defined as a patient in need of advanced medical care after a collapse, during the large Gothenburg's half marathon, Goteborgsvarvet. The study included 230,501 competitors during the study-period of 5 years (20132017) with data being collected from medical race tents and using ambulance data. Vital signs, treatment and blood gas samples were noted and analyzed. The incidence of severe collapse was 1.53 per 1000 starting runners. The average age for patients was 34 years old and no difference in incidence were seen between male and female runners. The typical collapsed runner presented with tachycardia, normal systolic blood pressure, elevated body temperature and metabolic acidosis. The most common medical encounter was exercise-associated collapse. The incidence of severe collapse was similar to findings in other studies, even though this study was set in different part of the world. Typical characteristics of a collapsed runner were identified providing new information which could be beneficial in the medical planning of larger running competitions and future preventative interventions. Importantly, life threatening conditions seem uncommon; no case of hyponatremia and only two cases of hypoglycemia were seen.
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| 36. |
- Mankell, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A Study of Differences in the Perceived Risk of Attaining a Residential Fire Injury
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Fire technology. - : Springer. - 0015-2684 .- 1572-8099. ; 59:4, s. 1789-1804
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Certain groups (e.g., those of higher age, lower educational attainment, lower income, living alone, immigrants, etc.) have a greater risk of residential fire mortality. Previous research has also shown that individuals belonging to high-risk groups have generally lower levels of fire protection, and it has been suggested that this is due to a lower risk perception in this group. As such, this study investigates how the perceived risk of being injured in a residential fire varies in the Swedish population. The results show that risk perception varies in the Swedish population depending upon sociodemographic factors. When the different sociodemographic factors are controlled against each other, women, individuals with a low educational level, individuals living in rural communities and individuals born outside of the Nordic countries consistently experience their risk to be higher. With the exception of women, the results show that high-risk individuals have a high risk perception. These results are important as they indicate that it is not a lack of risk awareness that is the reason why high-risk groups are less inclined to implement fire safety practices.
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| 37. |
- Moniruzzaman, Syed, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Via Spatiosa : Festschrift to Ragnar Andersson on his 67th birthday
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Risk management is a comparatively new, and most definitely complex, research field, combining knowledge from several other disciplines such as medicine, engineering, economics and psychology, to name a few. Consequently, risk management is important in a variety of subjects and disciplines, clearly illustrated in this festschrift. Professor Ragnar Andersson has played an important roll in not only promoting the importance of risk management and injury prevention, but also developing a deeper understanding of the field through always actively choosing a broad, multi-disciplinary perspective. In other words, he has always chosen “via spatiosa”. Or in Swedish, “den breda vägen”.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
A comparison of hip fracture incidence rates among elderly in Sweden by latitude and sunlight exposure
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 42:2, s. 201-206
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Research has shown that hip fracture risk increases with latitude; hypothetically due to reduced sunlight exposure and its effect on bone quality. Sweden, with large differences in latitude and UV radiation, is ideal to study in order to analyse the association between latitude and UV radiation on age- and sex-specific hip fracture rates among elderly. Method: Aggregated (2006–2008) age- and sex-specific hip fracture data was obtained for each Swedish municipality as well as the municipality’s latitudinal coordinates and aggregated (2006–2008) UV radiation levels. Pearson correlations were calculated between hip fracture incidence rates, latitude and UV radiation. Independent t tests were calculated on tertile-categorized latitudinal data in order to investigate the difference in hip fracture risk between these categories. Results: Statistically significant correlations were seen in all groups between hip fracture incidence rates and latitude as well as UV radiation. The independent t tests showed that this correlation was mainly due to high incidence rates in high latitude municipalities. Conclusions: Statistically significant correlations are seen between hip fracture incidence rates and latitude as well as UV radiation in Sweden and the northern parts of Sweden have an increased risk of hip fractures compared to the middle and southern parts. To our knowledge this is the first study using a national discharge register that shows this relationship and provides a starting point for further research to investigate why populations in northern Sweden have a higher risk of hip fractures compared to other Swedish regions.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Can participants predict where ambulance-requiring cases occur at a half marathon?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. - Köpenhamn : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 28:12, s. 2760-2766
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite endurance races leading to a substantial number of ambulance-requiring cases (ARC), little is known regarding where they occur, meaning that knowing where to place medical teams, ambulance pick-up points, etc, is difficult. This article investigates whether the location of ARCs can be identified by race participants.Using the world's largest half marathon (Gothenburg half marathon) as a case, 237 runners were asked, post-race, to mark on a map which geographical point of the race was most exhausting. Using the level of agreement tests, these geographical points were then compared with the GPS positions of ARCs.According to the level of agreement tests, the most exhausting positions (MEP), as identified by participants, seem to be highly correlated to the location of ARCs. This study can also show that ambulance-requiring cases seem to be more prevalent towards the end of the race and in uphill sections.By asking participants where they found the race most exhausting it seems possible to identify high-risk places for an ARC. From a practical perspective, using this method could considerably increase the safety of competitors as well as improving the cost-effectiveness of safety interventions at endurance races. Further studies are needed to understand the specific risk factors of the high-risk areas as well as characteristics of collapsed runners.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Elolyckor i Sverige
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the transfer of risks
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Safety Science. - : Elsevier. - 0925-7535 .- 1879-1042. ; 166
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societal safety is often centred on handling or managing a single risk from the perspective of a particular at-risk group or individual, in a specific time and place. However, such linear and single-facetted processes are rare and the current approaches in societal risk management fail to comprehensively include and discuss the full range of outcomes and its inherent uncertainty and complexity. By combining different examples of known and unknown outcomes of societal risk management in the scientific literature, this paper aim to contribute to the risk and safety research field by presenting a conceptual model of risk transfer. The conceptual model shows how traditional societal risk management strategies often aim at reducing a targeted risk, considering the original actors affected by this risk, in a defined geographical area and for a decided time frame despite risk management also altering the landscape of risks for other actors, in other places, and at other times, as well as for the original actors, in the original place, and during the original time. Combining these aspects in a conceptual model that accepts and incorporates complexity, the underlying intention is to initiate a discussion regarding the current approaches and understandings of societal risk management and societal safety.
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| 48. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Fall-related fracture trends among elderly in Sweden – exploring transitions among hospitalized cases
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-4375 .- 1879-1247. ; :45, s. 141-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ProblemFall-related injuries have been a cause of worry during the end of the 20th century with increasing trends among the elderly.MethodUsing data from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) based on hospital admissions, this study explores the trends in fall-related fractures between 1998 and 2010.ResultsThe data shows a decreasing trend in fall-related fractures in all age- and sex-specific groups apart from men 80 years and above. While hip fracture incidence rates decreased in all age- and sex-specific groups, both central fractures and upper extremity fractures have increased in all age- and sex-specific groups apart from women 65–79 years. Lower extremity fractures have increased in the older age groups and decreased in the younger. Discussion: The differences found between the groups of fractures and by age- and sex-specific groups indicate a possible transition where more serious fractures are decreasing while less serious fractures increase among hospitalized cases.SummaryPerhaps due to a focus on hip fracture prevention, this study shows that while the incidence rate of hospitalized hip fractures has decreased, other fall-related hospitalized fractures have increased.Impact on industryPotentially, this could be indicative of a healthier younger elderly, coupled with a frailer older elderly requiring more comprehensive healthcare also for less serious injuries. Further research is needed to confirm our results.
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| 49. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-
(författare)
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Fall-Related Injuries Amongst Elderly in Sweden : Still an Emerging Risk?
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, injuries due to falls are the most common cause of injury-related hospitalization and injury-related death amongst elderly. Also, during the 20th century, increasing trends in fall-related injuries have been observed in many high-income countries. Whilst fall-related injury trends have been reported from national studies in other comparable countries, no studies from Sweden using national data have been published, despite this issue sometimes being pointed out as one of the most important emerging societal risks both in Sweden and elsewhere. With large individual and societal costs, as well as prognosticated continued increases in high-income countries, the aim of this thesis is to update the knowledge on the trends of fall-related injuries amongst elderly in Sweden and to determine whether the issue is still to be considered an emerging risk.National injury morbidity and mortality data from Sweden can show that with regards to all hospitalized fall-related injuries as well as hip fractures, the risk is decreasing. However, diverging trends are observed in age- and sex-specific groups, with younger elderly now having considerably lower rates of fall-related injuries, whilst older elderly are increasingly hospitalized due to minor fall-related injuries. Also, amongst older elderly, increasing hip fracture mortality trends are observed. With regards to sex-specific groups, although fall-related injuries in general are more common amongst women, the injury trends for women are generally decreasing at a quicker rate than for men. Also, contradictorily to almost all fall-related injury morbidity, hip fracture mortality risk is higher amongst men.This thesis can show a change in trend in fall-related injuries amongst elderly in Sweden since the turn of the century, apart from amongst older elderly and with regards to hip fracture mortality. The implications on prognoses needs to be studied further as do the underlying causes behind this shift in trend.
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| 50. |
- Nilson, Finn, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Has the second ‘running boom’ democratized running? : A study on the sociodemographic characteristics of finishers at the world’s largest half marathon
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sport in Society. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 24:4, s. 659-669
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have shown that runners differ in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. However, given the increase in participants at running races, the question arises whether these sociodemographic differences have been erased and if the second running boom has democratized running. An online questionnaire was sent to a randomized sample (n = 2378) of finishers at the 2017 Gothenburg half marathon (Göteborgsvarvet). The self-reported sociodemographic variables were then compared to Swedish national averages. The results show that Göteborgsvarvet finishers are considerably more likely to be men, well-educated and employed, compared to the general population of Sweden. This study indicates, therefore, that half marathon finishers are still distinctly different in terms of sociodemographic variables compared to the general population. These differences need to be taken into consideration when conclusions are drawn concerning running and its health effects on runners.
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