| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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The mental work environment and social work environment on the senior workforce
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Swedish Agency for Work Environment Expertise commissioned researchers atLund University, Kristianstad University and Malmö University to conduct a systematic reviewfocusing on the impact of the psychosocial work environment on the senior workforce (≥55 years ofage) in a Swedish context.Aims: To provide an overview of how psychosocial work environment and occupational healthfactors affect the senior workforce, and describe interventions designed to improve the workenvironment.Methods: The guidelines on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) were followed. The data bases: Pubmed, Cinahl, Scopus and Medline were searched forarticles published until 2021-07-10.Results: After deduplication 846 articles remained, of which 49 were selected for full text screening.After exclusion of studies with low quality 20 remained. The studies included in this literature reviewhave been thematized and analysed based on the nine determinant areas of the swAge model1, forthe ability and willingness to work in relation to ageing, to explain the complexity of predictors forthe senior workforce’s working life. These determinant areas are divided into predictors of: the workenvironment’s effects on health; the personal financial situation; the social support, relationships,and participation; as well as the execution of work tasks and activities.Conclusions: Several of the articles included in the literature review did not consider the definition ofage in relation to the senior workforce, despite age being the factor that characterizes anddistinguishes a senior employee. However, there were articles highlighting the significance ofconsidering the senior workforce based on their biological age, social age, and cognitive age ratherthan just their chronological age (i.e. how many years had passed since they were born). Severalgeneral suggestions were discernable in the articles included in the literature review that will bediscussed.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Borland, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment : Normative Data from a Large Swedish Population-Based Cohort
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 59:3, s. 893-901
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has a high sensitivity for detecting cognitive dysfunction. Swedish normative data does not exist and international norms are often derived from populations where cognitive impairment has not been screened for and not been thoroughly assessed to exclude subjects with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Objective: To establish norms for MoCA and develop a regression-based norm calculator based on a large, well-examined cohort. Methods: MoCA was administered on 860 randomly selected elderly people from a population-based cohort from the EPIC study. Cognitive dysfunction was screened for and further assessed at a memory clinic. After excluding cognitively impaired participants, normative data was derived from 758 people, aged 65-85. Results: MoCA cut-offs (-1 to -2 standard deviations) for cognitive impairment ranged from <25 to <21 for the lowest educated and <26 to <24 for the highest educated, depending on age group. Significant predictors for MoCA score were age, sex and level of education. Conclusion: We present detailed normative MoCA data and cut-offs according to the DSM-5 criteria for cognitive impairment based on a large population-based cohort of elderly individuals, screened and thoroughly investigated to rule out cognitive impairment. Level of education, sex, and age should be taken in account when evaluating MoCA score, which is facilitated by our online regression-based calculator that provide percentile and z-score for a subject's MoCA score.
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| 10. |
- Carroll, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Hypoxia Generated by Avian Embryo Growth Induces the HIF-α Response and Critical Vascularization
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-701X. ; 9, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer research has transformed our view on cellular mechanisms for oxygen sensing. It has been documented that these mechanisms are important for maintaining animal tissues and life in environments where oxygen (O2) concentrations fluctuate. In adult animals, oxygen sensing is governed by the Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs) that are stabilized at low oxygen concentrations (hypoxia). However, the importance of hypoxia itself during development and for the onset of HIF-driven oxygen sensing remains poorly explored. Cellular responses to hypoxia associates with cell immaturity (stemness) and proper tissue and organ development. During mammalian development, the initial uterine environment is hypoxic. The oxygenation status during avian embryogenesis is more complex since O2 continuously equilibrates across the porous eggshell. Here, we investigate HIF dynamics and use microelectrodes to determine O2 concentrations within the egg and the embryo during the first four days of development. To determine the increased O2 consumption rates, we also obtain the O2 transport coefficient (DO2) of eggshell and associated inner and outer shell membranes, both directly (using microelectrodes in ovo for the first time) and indirectly (using water evaporation at 37.5°C for the first time). Our results demonstrate a distinct hypoxic phase (<5% O2) between day 1 and 2, concurring with the onset of HIF-α expression. This phase of hypoxia is demonstrably necessary for proper vascularization and survival. Our indirectly determined DO2 values are about 30% higher than those determined directly. A comparison with previously reported values indicates that this discrepancy may be real, reflecting that water vapor and O2 may be transported through the eggshell at different rates. Based on our obtained DO2 values, we demonstrate that increased O2 consumption of the growing embryo appears to generate the phase of hypoxia, which is also facilitated by the initially small gas cell and low membrane permeability. We infer that the phase of in ovo hypoxia facilitates correct avian development. These results support the view that hypoxic conditions, in which the animal clade evolved, remain functionally important during animal development. The study highlights that insights from the cancer field pertaining to the cellular capacities by which both somatic and cancer cells register and respond to fluctuations in O2 concentrations can broadly inform our exploration of animal development and success.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Culina, Antica, et al.
(författare)
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Connecting the data landscape of long-term ecological studies : The SPI-Birds data hub
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Animal Ecology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-8790 .- 1365-2656. ; 90:9, s. 2147-2160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integration and synthesis of the data in different areas of science is drastically slowed and hindered by a lack of standards and networking programmes. Long-term studies of individually marked animals are not an exception. These studies are especially important as instrumental for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes in the wild. Furthermore, their number and global distribution provides a unique opportunity to assess the generality of patterns and to address broad-scale global issues (e.g. climate change). To solve data integration issues and enable a new scale of ecological and evolutionary research based on long-term studies of birds, we have created the SPI-Birds Network and Database ()-a large-scale initiative that connects data from, and researchers working on, studies of wild populations of individually recognizable (usually ringed) birds. Within year and a half since the establishment, SPI-Birds has recruited over 120 members, and currently hosts data on almost 1.5 million individual birds collected in 80 populations over 2,000 cumulative years, and counting. SPI-Birds acts as a data hub and a catalogue of studied populations. It prevents data loss, secures easy data finding, use and integration and thus facilitates collaboration and synthesis. We provide community-derived data and meta-data standards and improve data integrity guided by the principles of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR), and aligned with the existing metadata languages (e.g. ecological meta-data language). The encouraging community involvement stems from SPI-Bird's decentralized approach: research groups retain full control over data use and their way of data management, while SPI-Birds creates tailored pipelines to convert each unique data format into a standard format. We outline the lessons learned, so that other communities (e.g. those working on other taxa) can adapt our successful model. Creating community-specific hubs (such as ours, COMADRE for animal demography, etc.) will aid much-needed large-scale ecological data integration.
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| 13. |
- Felton, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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The tree species matters : Biodiversity and ecosystem service implications of replacing Scots pine production stands with Norway spruce.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 49:5, s. 1035-1049
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The choice of tree species used in production forests matters for biodiversity and ecosystem services. In Sweden, damage to young production forests by large browsing herbivores is helping to drive a development where sites traditionally regenerated with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) are instead being regenerated with Norway spruce (Picea abies). We provide a condensed synthesis of the available evidence regarding the likely resultant implications for forest biodiversity and ecosystem services from this change in tree species. Apart from some benefits (e.g. reduced stand-level browsing damage), we identified a range of negative outcomes for biodiversity, production, esthetic and recreational values, as well as increased stand vulnerability to storm, frost, and drought damage, and potentially higher risks of pest and pathogen outbreak. Our results are directly relevant to forest owners and policy-makers seeking information regarding the uncertainties, risks, and trade-offs likely to result from changing the tree species in production forests.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Garvanska, Dimitriya H., et al.
(författare)
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The NSP3 protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds fragile X mental retardation proteins to disrupt UBAP2L interactions
- 2024
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Ingår i: EMBO Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 1469-221X .- 1469-3178. ; 25:2, s. 902-926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Viruses interact with numerous host factors to facilitate viral replication and to dampen antiviral defense mechanisms. We currently have a limited mechanistic understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 binds host factors and the functional role of these interactions. Here, we uncover a novel interaction between the viral NSP3 protein and the fragile X mental retardation proteins (FMRPs: FMR1, FXR1-2). SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 mutant viruses preventing FMRP binding have attenuated replication in vitro and reduced levels of viral antigen in lungs during the early stages of infection. We show that a unique peptide motif in NSP3 binds directly to the two central KH domains of FMRPs and that this interaction is disrupted by the I304N mutation found in a patient with fragile X syndrome. NSP3 binding to FMRPs disrupts their interaction with the stress granule component UBAP2L through direct competition with a peptide motif in UBAP2L to prevent FMRP incorporation into stress granules. Collectively, our results provide novel insight into how SARS-CoV-2 hijacks host cell proteins and provides molecular insight into the possible underlying molecular defects in fragile X syndrome.
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| 16. |
- Haghighi, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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A Comparison of Rule-based Analysis with Regression Methods in Understanding the Risk Factors for Study Withdrawal in a Pediatric Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regression models are extensively used in many epidemiological studies to understand the linkage between specific outcomes of interest and their risk factors. However, regression models in general examine the average effects of the risk factors and ignore subgroups with different risk profiles. As a result, interventions are often geared towards the average member of the population, without consideration of the special health needs of different subgroups within the population. This paper demonstrates the value of using rule-based analysis methods that can identify subgroups with heterogeneous risk profiles in a population without imposing assumptions on the subgroups or method. The rules define the risk pattern of subsets of individuals by not only considering the interactions between the risk factors but also their ranges. We compared the rule-based analysis results with the results from a logistic regression model in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Both methods detected a similar suite of risk factors, but the rule-based analysis was superior at detecting multiple interactions between the risk factors that characterize the subgroups. A further investigation of the particular characteristics of each subgroup may detect the special health needs of the subgroup and lead to tailored interventions.
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| 17. |
- Holmström, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Productivity of Scots pine and Norway spruce in central Sweden and competitive release in mixtures of the two species
- 2018
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 429, s. 287-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 53 year old growth and yield study of monocultures and mixture of two species, Scots pine and Norway spruce, was analysed. The replacement design of the experiment (at the time of establishment same density in all treatments and 50/50 proportion in the mixture) in ten blocks enables the comparison of site and species specific growth, as well as the species specific response to competition. In monocultures Scots pine, produced 126% more stem wood biomass than Norway spruce. Scots pine benefitted from the mixture and tended to grow as in a reduced spacing. Norway spruce, the subdominant tree species, suffered from the competition, and produced less than expected, with a lower mean diameter compared to the monoculture. Hence, no facilitative or complementary effects was possible to prove when growing the species in mixture. However, the experiment demonstrates that if the uncertainties in choice of species at the time of regeneration is high, then the mixture of two species could be an option. The lower density of the highest yielding species in the mixture compared to the monoculture, could be compensated in growth by the competition release.
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| 18. |
- Huss, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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The Vitamin D Receptor as a Prognostic Marker in Breast Cancer-A Cohort Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - 2072-6643. ; 16:7, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has indicated an association between the presence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in breast cancer tissue and a favorable prognosis. This study aimed to further evaluate the prognostic potential of VDR located in the nuclear membrane or nucleus (liganded). The VDR protein levels were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in tumor samples from 878 breast cancer patients from Lund, Sweden, included in the Breast Cancer and Blood Study (BCBlood) from October 2002 to June 2012. The follow-up for breast cancer events and overall survival was recorded until 30 June 2019. Univariable and multivariable survival analyses were conducted, both with complete case data and with missing data imputed using multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE). Tumor-specific positive nuclear membrane VDR(num) staining was associated with favorable tumor characteristics and a longer breast cancer free interval (BCFI; HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44-0.95) and overall survival (OS; HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34-0.78). Further analyses indicated that VDRnum status also was predictive of overall survival when investigated in relation to ER status. There were significant interactions between VDR and invasive tumor size (Pinteraction = 0.047), as well as mode of detection (Pinteraction = 0.049). VDRnum was associated with a longer BCFI in patients with larger tumors (HR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.14-0.93) or clinically detected tumors (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.09-0.83), while no association was found for smaller tumors and screening-detected tumors. Further studies are suggested to confirm our results and to evaluate whether VDR should and could be used as a prognostic and targetable marker in breast cancer diagnostics.
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| 19. |
- Kruse, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Large scale discovery of coronavirus-host factor protein interaction motifs reveals SARS-CoV-2 specific mechanisms and vulnerabilities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Viral proteins make extensive use of short peptide interaction motifs to hijack cellular host factors. However, most current large-scale methods do not identify this important class of protein-protein interactions. Uncovering peptide mediated interactions provides both a molecular understanding of viral interactions with their host and the foundation for developing novel antiviral reagents. Here we describe a viral peptide discovery approach covering 23 coronavirus strains that provides high resolution information on direct virus-host interactions. We identify 269 peptide-based interactions for 18 coronaviruses including a specific interaction between the human G3BP1/2 proteins and an ΦxFG peptide motif in the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein. This interaction supports viral replication and through its ΦxFG motif N rewires the G3BP1/2 interactome to disrupt stress granules. A peptide-based inhibitor disrupting the G3BP1/2-N interaction dampened SARS-CoV-2 infection showing that our results can be directly translated into novel specific antiviral reagents.
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| 20. |
- Ling, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and epigenetic factors are associated with expression of respiratory chain component NDUFB6 in human skeletal muscle.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 117:11, s. 3427-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are associated with decreased expression of genes that regulate oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. To determine whether this defect might be inherited or acquired, we investigated the association of genetic, epigenetic, and nongenetic factors with expression of NDUFB6, a component of the respiratory chain that is decreased in muscle from diabetic patients. Expression of NDUFB6 was influenced by age, with lower gene expression in muscle of elderly subjects. Heritability of NDUFB6 expression in muscle was estimated to be approximately 60% in twins. A polymorphism in the NDUFB6 promoter region that creates a possible DNA methylation site (rs629566, A/G) was associated with a decline in muscle NDUFB6 expression with age. Although young subjects with the rs629566 G/G genotype exhibited higher muscle NDUFB6 expression, this genotype was associated with reduced expression in elderly subjects. This was subsequently explained by the finding of increased DNA methylation in the promoter of elderly, but not young, subjects carrying the rs629566 G/G genotype. Furthermore, the degree of DNA methylation correlated negatively with muscle NDUFB6 expression, which in turn was associated with insulin sensitivity. Our results demonstrate that genetic, epigenetic, and nongenetic factors associate with NDUFB6 expression in human muscle and suggest that genetic and epigenetic factors may interact to increase age-dependent susceptibility to insulin resistance.
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| 21. |
- Nilsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Time for Caring? Elderly care employees’ occupational activities in the cross draft between their work priorities, “must-do’s” and meaningfulness.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Care Coordination. - : SAGE Publications. - 2053-4345 .- 2053-4353. ; 20:1-2, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing number of older people in the population will bring new challenges for the society and care coordination. One of the most important questions in care coordination is the employees’ work performance. The overall aim of this study was to examine care employees’ experience of factors that rule how they allocate their time and tasks in the care work. The study was qualitative and consists of focus group interviews with 36 employees in elderly care in five Swedish municipalities. Much of the work that care employees perform is controlled by others in the municipality organised health care. The employees had a limited possibility to decide what should be given priority in their work. However, the employees who participated in the focus group interviews did not want to prioritise tasks and duties they felt were faulty or in direct conflict with their own convictions. When employees experienced that the assistance assessments were correct and helpful to the individual elderly patient this contributed to the employees’ priority and performance of the task. The formal and informal control systems caused the employees’ priority to be mainly quantitative and visible work tasks, rather than more qualitative tasks and care giving to the elderly. In the intention to organise good care coordination that fit each elderly patients’ need it is important that those who work closest to the patient to a greater extent are given the opportunity to make their voice heard in decisions of care planning and assistance assessments.
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| 22. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Are My Employees Able to and Do They Want to Work? : The Baseline Investigation in a Follow up Study Regarding Managers’ Attitudes and Measures to Increase Employees’ Employability in an Extended Working Life
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021) : Volume II: Inclusive Design - Volume II: Inclusive Design. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2367-3370 .- 2367-3389. - 9783030746049 - 9783030746056 ; 220, s. 10-16
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The demographic change affects the retirement age, which has been postponed in many countries. Therefore, the number of senior employees is increasing in the world. However, managers’ attitudes towards their employees’ employability affect the employees’ possibilities regarding whether they can and want to work. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate managers’ attitudes towards their employees’ employability and what factors and measures that affect whether employees can and want to work in an extended working life. Method: The study population in this study consists of 249 municipality managers in Sweden, from a baseline investigation in a follow up study following the swAge-questionnaire. The data was analysed through the method of logistic regression. Results: 79% of the managers stated that their employees ‘can’ work and 58% that their employees ‘want to’ work until 65 years or older. Managers believed their employees’ health, physical work environment, skills and competence were associated to if they would be able to work until 65 years or older. Lack of support in the social work environment and lack of possibilities to arrange relocations if needed were associated to whether managers believed their employees want to work. Conclusions: The results indicate that the postponement the retirement age must be followed by measures in the employees’ work situation in order to decrease demands, increase rotation or change work tasks if needed, as well as increased possibilities to recuperate through reduced workload, reduced work pace and reduced working hours. The results will hopefully contribute to the understanding of needed organisational measures in the process of extending working life.
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| 23. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Are my employees able to and do they want to work? The baseline investigation in a follow up study regarding managers’ attitudes and measures to increase employees’ employability in an extended working life
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st congress of the international ergonomics association (IEA 2021). - Cham : Springer. - 9783030746049 - 9783030746056 ; , s. 10-16
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The demographic change affects the retirement age, which has been postponed in many countries. Therefore, the number of senior employees is increasing in the world. However, managers’ attitudes towards their employees’ employability affect the employees’ possibilities regarding whether they can and want to work.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate managers’ attitudes towards their employees’ employability and what factors and measures that affect whether employees can and want to work in an extended working life.Method: The study population in this study consists of 249 municipality managers in Sweden, from a baseline investigation in a follow up study following the swAge-questionnaire. The data was analysed through the method of logistic regression.Results: 79% of the managers stated that their employees ‘can’ work and 58% that their employees ‘want to’ work until 65 years or older. Managers believed their employees’ health, physical work environment, skills and competence were associated to if they would be able to work until 65 years or older. Lack of support in the social work environment and lack of possibilities to arrange relocations if needed were associated to whether managers believed their employees want to work.Conclusions: The results indicate that the postponement the retirement age must be followed by measures in the employees’ work situation in order to decrease demands, increase rotation or change work tasks if needed, as well as increased possibilities to recuperate through reduced workload, reduced work pace and reduced working hours. The results will hopefully contribute to the understanding of needed organisational measures in the process of extending working life.
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| 24. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Can They Stay or Will They Go? : A Cross Sectional Study of Managers' Attitudes towards Their Senior Employees
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 19:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A larger amount of older people need to participate in working life due to the global demographic change. It is the employer, through the manager, who enables employees to have access to measures in the workplace that facilitate and enable a sustainable extended working life. The aim of this study was to evaluate work life factors associated with managers believing their employees can work versus wanting to work until age 65 or older. This cross-sectional study included 249 managers in the Swedish municipality sector. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate associations between different univariate estimates and in data modelling using the SwAge-model. The result stated that 79% of managers believed their employees 'can' work and 58% of managers believed their employees 'want to' work until age 65 or older. Health, physical work environment, skills and competence are associated the strongest to managers believing employees 'can' work until age 65 or older. Insufficient social support at work and lacking possibilities for relocations associated the strongest to managers believing employees would not 'want to' work until age 65 or older. Though, several countries (especially in Europe) have included in their social policy measures that retirement age be increased after 65, proposing ages approaching 70. When these proposals become laws, through obligation, people will have no choice (if they want to or if they can continue working). However, people's attitudes to work may be different (especially after the COVID-19 pandemic), and this analysis of the participating managers' attitudes showed there is a difference between why employees 'can' versus 'want' to work respectively. Therefore, different strategies may be needed to contribute to employees both being able to and willing to participate in working life until an older age. These findings on managers' perspectives, regarding whether they believe employees would be able to versus would want to work and the SwAge-model, will hopefully contribute to an increased understanding of organisational actions and measures in the process of creating a sustainable extended working life and to increase senior employees' employability.
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| 25. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Management, Measures and Maintenance: : Success and Setbacks in Interventions Promoting a Healthy and Sustainable Employability and Working Life for All Ages
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021) : Volume II: Inclusive Design - Volume II: Inclusive Design. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2367-3370 .- 2367-3389. - 9783030746049 - 9783030746056 ; 220, s. 17-24, s. 17-24
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The labour force is ageing due to the demographic change and the postponement of old-age retirement in many countries. Objective: In order to increase the possibility for employees to maintain their employability and to keep working in an extended working life this intervention project tested a distance education as a technique to integrate a theoretical model for a sustainable working life for all ages (the swAge-model) as a practical management tool in fourteen municipality managers’ ordinary work situation. Results: Most of the participating managers had difficulty completing the entire training program in this intervention project due to external circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and re-organisations, and because no extra time during working hours had been allocated to the managers to participate in the intervention project. Despite this, all participating managers appreciated being given the opportunity to participate and take part in the content of the intervention. Everyone considered the theoretical model, the wage model, on which the intervention project was based, to be very useful and to have given them new insights into their managerial duties. Conclusions: If society and organisations want a larger amount of employees to participate in working life until an older age, they also need to allocate working hours for managers to acquire new knowledge on how to create healthy and sustainable workplaces for all ages, as well as to implement these tools, measures and working methods permanently in the daily organisational work.
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| 26. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Managers’ Attitudes to Different Action Proposals in the Direction to Extended Working Life : A Cross-Sectional Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 14:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many countries, the retirement age is postponed due to the global demographic change, and a larger amount of older people need to participate in working life. However, how and what measures and action proposals that could extend and increase employees’ voluntary and sustainable participation in working life have not entirely been investigated. The employer is responsible for enabling employees’ access to measures that facilitate participation in the workplace, for enabling employability and a sustainable extended working life. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate Swedish managers’ attitude to action proposals that could increase employees’ participation in an extended working life. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate associa-tions between different univariate estimates and in data modelling. The nine determinate areas of the swAge model, for a sustainable working life and employability, was used as analysis model, i.e., self-rated health and diagnoses; physical work environment; mental work environment; work schedule, work pace and time for recuperation; financial incentives; personal social environment; social work environment; stimulation, motivation and self-crediting through work tasks; and com-petence, skills and knowledge development. The results stated decreased physical work demands to be the final measure in the multivariate modelling associated to whether the managers believe their employees ‘can work’ until age 65 and older, however, changing work tasks in the workplace when needed, rotation between different work tasks to decrease physical as well as mental work-load and strain, and decreased mental work demands proved to be statistically significant in the univariate estimates. The strongest measure activity in the organisations, associated to managers believing their employees ‘want to work’ until age 65 and older in the multivariate modelling, was decreased work pace, however, increased time for recuperation between work shifts also proved to be statistically significant in the univariate estimate. The management’s perspectives on measures and action proposals associated to whether employees ‘can’ and ‘want’ to work will hopefully con-tribute to an increased understanding in society and the organisational process of creating a sustainable extended working life.
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| 27. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Organisational Measures and Strategies for a Healthy and Sustainable Extended Working Life and Employability-A Deductive Content Analysis with Data Including Employees, First Line Managers, Trade Union Representatives and HR-Practitioners
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:11, s. 1-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the global demographic change many more people will need to work until an older age, and organisations and enterprises need to implement measures to facilitate an extended working life. The aim of this study was to investigate organisational measures and suggestions to promote and make improvements for a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages in an extended working life. This is a qualitative study, and the data were collected through both focus group interviews and individual interviews that included 145 participants. The study identified several suggestions for measures and actions to increase employability in the themes: to promote a good physical and mental work environment; to promote personal financial and social security; to promote relations, social inclusion and social support in the work situation; and to promote creativity, knowledge development and intrinsic work motivation, i.e., based on the spheres of determination in the theoretical swAge-model (sustainable working life for all ages). Based on the study results a tool for dialogue and discussion on employee work situation and career development was developed, and presented in this article. Regular conversations, communication and close dialogue are needed and are a prerequisite for good working conditions and a sustainable working environment, as well as to be able to manage employees and develop the organisation further. The identified measures need to be revisited regularly throughout the employees' entire working life to enable a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages.
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| 28. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare, creator_code:000000023193205X_t)
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Organisational Measures and Strategies for a Healthy and Sustainable Extended Working Life and Employability-A Deductive Content Analysis with Data Including Employees, First Line Managers, Trade Union Representatives and HR-Practitioners
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:11, s. 1-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the global demographic change many more people will need to work until an older age, and organisations and enterprises need to implement measures to facilitate an extended working life. The aim of this study was to investigate organisational measures and suggestions to promote and make improvements for a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages in an extended working life. This is a qualitative study, and the data were collected through both focus group interviews and individual interviews that included 145 participants. The study identified several suggestions for measures and actions to increase employability in the themes: to promote a good physical and mental work environment; to promote personal financial and social security; to promote relations, social inclusion and social support in the work situation; and to promote creativity, knowledge development and intrinsic work motivation, i.e., based on the spheres of determination in the theoretical swAge-model (sustainable working life for all ages). Based on the study results a tool for dialogue and discussion on employee work situation and career development was developed, and presented in this article. Regular conversations, communication and close dialogue are needed and are a prerequisite for good working conditions and a sustainable working environment, as well as to be able to manage employees and develop the organisation further. The identified measures need to be revisited regularly throughout the employees' entire working life to enable a healthy and sustainable working life for all ages.
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| 29. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Senior arbetskraft : en systematisk kunskapssammanställning med fokus på mental arbetsmiljö och arbetssocial miljö i Sverige
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tidigare forskning har belyst ett antal faktorer som påverkar arbetslivet för äldre medarbetare, bland annat åldersdiskriminering och negativa attityder till äldre medarbetare, förändring av kognitiv och fysisk förmåga vid stigande ålder samt sambandet mellan en god arbetsmiljö och ökningen i arbetsmarknadsdeltagande bland äldre medarbetare. I en kunskapssammanställning har vi sammanställt resultat från forskning om den seniora arbetskraftens psykosociala arbetsmiljö i ett svenskt sammanhang.Begreppet psykosocial arbetsmiljö är i sammanställningen uppdelat i mental arbetsmiljö och arbetssocial miljö och utgår från följande frågeställningar:Vilka huvudsakliga risker i den mentala och arbetssociala miljön har identifierats i forskning som fokuserar på senior arbetskraft?Hur påverkar digitalisering på arbetsplatsen och arbetslivet den psykosociala arbetsmiljön för senior arbetskraft?Hur påverkar distans- och hemarbete den psykosociala arbetsmiljön för senior arbetskraft?
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| 30. |
- Nilsson, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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The transfer of knowledge between younger and older employees in the health and medical care: An intervention study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Social Sciences. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2327-5952 .- 2327-5960. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the ageing society more old employees need to stay in working life for longer. However, the society also needs to take care of the increased amount of elderly in a more effective and respectful way. To take care of older employees experience knowledge to make the elderly care and the care employees work situation better and self-crediting to go on in an extended working life, new methods and measures are needed to be developed and evaluated. The overall purpose of this article was to evaluate how the participant in the intervention project experienced the project and its methodology. The intervention project followed three different methods: i) through interviews of the participants and the supervisor; ii) through participant observation; and iii) through an evaluation questionnaire to participants after the project was completed. The intervention project did transfer knowledge between different fields, that are, between generations, between different departments and between the municipality and county. The participation was described as not only a place for reflection and knowledge, but also a protected zone where participants could talk about the kind of problems they would ponder over. Several participants felt that it was important to develop and continue the work that the intervention project set in motion. The participants’ experience was made to be visible and their professional competence has been strengthened. They indicated that there had been an exchange of knowledge and between not only the generations but also the different kinds of work. The organisations also seem to have gained from the project by allowing the participants to unload, become more positive, develop more knowledge of experience, increase their propensity for reflection and get a better consensus between the municipality and county. The intervention project seems to have fulfilled the stated purpose and also the expectations of the participants.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Salomonsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Mutational tuning of galectin-3 specificity and biological function.
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of biological chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 285, s. 35079-35091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Galectins are defined by a conserved beta-galactoside binding site, which has been linked to many of their important functions in e.g. cell adhesion, signaling and intracellular trafficking. Weak adjacent sites may enhance or decrease affinity for natural beta-galactoside containing glycoconjugates, but little is known about the biological role of this modulation of affinity (fine specificity). We have now produced 10 mutants of human galectin-3, with changes in these adjacent sites, which have altered carbohydrate-binding fine specificity but which retain the basic beta-galactoside binding activity as show by glycan-array binding and a solution-based fluorescence anisotropy assay. Each mutant was also tested in two biological assays to provide a correlation between fine specificity and function. Galectin-3 R186S, which has selectively lost affinity for LacNAc, a disaccharide moiety commonly found on glycoprotein glycans, has lost the ability to activate neutrophil leukocytes and intracellular targeting into vesicles. K176L has increased affinity for beta-galactosides substituted with GlcNAcbeta1-3 as found in poly-N-acetyllactosaminoglycans, and increased potency to activate neutrophil leukocytes, even though it has lost other aspects of galectin-3 fine specificity. G182A has altered carbohydrate-binding fine specificity and altered intracellular targeting into vesicles, a possible link to the intracellular galectin-3-mediated anti-apoptotic effect known to be lost by this mutant. Finally, the mutants have helped to define the differences in fine specificity shown by Xenopus, mouse and human galectin-3 and as such, evidence for adaptive change during evolution.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Sunnqvist, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot evaluation of a prehospital emergency psychiatric unit : The experiences of patients, psychiatric and mental health nurses, and significant others
- 2022
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Ingår i: Perspectives in psychiatric care. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0031-5990 .- 1744-6163. ; 58:4, s. 2255-2262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To explore the significance of the alliance with the Prehospital Emergency Psychiatric Unit for patients, psychiatric and mental health nurses, and significant others, and to evaluate their experiences of treatment and care. Design and Methods A qualitative inductive interview study with 11 participants: four patients, six nurses, and one significant other. The interviews were analyzed with content analysis. Findings The analysis resulted in four subcategories: To be met with respect, presence and time, knowledge and experience, and feeling of support, and one category: A psychiatric team with knowledge and experience creating stability and a sense of self-worth. Practice Implication The Prehospital Emergency Psychiatric Unit enables a safe, person-centered service.
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| 35. |
- Thellman, Sam, et al.
(författare)
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He is not more persuasive than her: No gender biases toward robots giving speeches
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450360135 ; , s. 327-328
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The reported study investigated three gender-related effects on the rated persuasiveness of a speech given by a humanoid robot: (1) the female or male gendered voice and visual appearance of the robot, (2) the female or male gender of the participant, and (3) the interaction between robot gender and participant gender. The study employed a measure of persuasiveness based on the Aristotelian modes of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos. In contrast to previous studies on gender bias toward intelligent virtual agents and robots, the gender of the robot did not influence the rated persuasiveness of the speech, and female participants rated the speech as more persuasive than men overall.
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| 36. |
- Thompson, Paul M., et al.
(författare)
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The ENIGMA Consortium : large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
- 2014
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Ingår i: BRAIN IMAGING BEHAV. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7557 .- 1931-7565. ; 8:2, s. 153-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
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| 37. |
- Winslott Hiselius, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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En rättvis omställning av transportsystemet : - En analys av de sociala effekterna av styrmedel för minskade klimatutsläpp
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dagens planeringssystem är uppdelat på många aktörer och har traditionellt drivits av fokus på prognoser, kostnadseffektivitet, och samhällsekonomisk lönsamhet. Klimatutmaningen ställer delvis helt nya krav på planeringen, med ett fokus på att utveckla styrmedel som på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt leder till de utsläppsminskningar som behövs. I detta behövs en större uppmärksamhet på de sociala effekterna av styrmedlen, liksom på rättviseaspekter. Detta innebär att vi behöver en ökad känslighet för hur styrmedel påverkar olika grupper av människor, baserat på t.ex. kön, ålder, inkomst och geografi. I projektet vidareutvecklas och testas två metoder för att utvärdera strategier för fossilfria transporter. Dels en systematisk ramverksanalys av styrmedel utifrån sociala effekter och fördelningseffekter, dels Mobility labs där en informerad dialog förs i fokusgruppsform med de som berörs av omställningen med syfte att tillsammans utforma styrmedelspaket som säkrar en hållbar tillgänglighet i det fossilfria samhället. Mobility labs har i projektet testats i Örebro, Odensbacken och Hällefors. Resultatet indikerar att det i dagens debatt saknas tydliga visioner för fossilfria transporter på landsbygden samt att debatten visar på bristande förståelse för hur en omställning kommer att påverka boende där. Resultatet indikerar vidare att det behövs kompletterande strategier för att se till att människor på landsbygden inte lämnas utanför omställningen och för att öka legitimiteten för styrmedel och åtgärder. Några exempel kan vara en förändrad roll för kollektivtrafiken, så att den inte bara syftar till att öka volymerna i starka stråk utan även bidrar till att alla har en tillräckligt god service, samt styrmedel som bidrar till att kompensera för ökade kostnader med bil på landsbygd.
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| 38. |
- Wu, Chuanyan, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated circulating follistatin associates with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12, s. 1-10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hepatokine follistatin is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and promotes hyperglycemia in mice. Here we explore the relationship of plasma follistatin levels with incident T2D and mechanisms involved. Adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) increase in follistatin levels for T2D is 1.24 (CI: 1.04-1.47, p < 0.05) during 19-year follow-up (n = 4060, Sweden); and 1.31 (CI: 1.09-1.58, p < 0.01) during 4-year follow-up (n = 883, Finland). High circulating follistatin associates with adipose tissue insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n = 210, Germany). In human adipocytes, follistatin dose-dependently increases free fatty acid release. In genome-wide association study (GWAS), variation in the glucokinase regulatory protein gene (GCKR) associates with plasma follistatin levels (n = 4239, Sweden; n = 885, UK, Italy and Sweden) and GCKR regulates follistatin secretion in hepatocytes in vitro. Our findings suggest that GCKR regulates follistatin secretion and that elevated circulating follistatin associates with an increased risk of T2D by inducing adipose tissue insulin resistance.
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