| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Adult-onset asthma and wheeze among irritant-exposed bleachery workers.
- 2003
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Ingår i: American journal of industrial medicine. - : Wiley. - 0271-3586. ; 43:5, s. 532-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Whether new-onset asthma is associated with irritant exposure is unclear. The aim was to investigate if occupational exposure to irritant gases, especially repeated peak exposure (gassings), increased the risk of obstructive airways disease. Methods Data on airway symptoms and exposure among bleachery (n=101) and paper department workers (n=314) were collected by a questionnaire. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) (Cox regression) were calculated. Non-responders were interviewed by telephone. Results The incidence rate for adult-onset physician-diagnosed asthma among bleachery workers reporting gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms was 7.6/103 person-years and for those without gassings 2.2/103 person-years, compared to 1.0/103 person-years for paper workers. In a Cox regression model for asthma (n=12), stratified for sex, HR for gassings were 5.6 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.6–20), for hay fever 3.0 (95% CI 0.8–11), and for ever smoking 0.7 (95% CI 0.2–2.4). The same model for adult-onset wheeze gave HR of 5.2 (95% CI 2.2–12), 1.7 (95% CI 0.6–5.4), and 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.7), respectively. Conclusions Repeated peak exposure to irritant gases, here studied as gassings in the pulp industry, increased the risk for both adult-onset asthma and wheeze.
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| 3. |
- Berg, Aase, et al.
(författare)
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Complement Activation Correlates With Disease Severity and Contributes to Cytokine Responses in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1528-8366 .- 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 212:11, s. 1835-1840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of complement activation and its possible relation to cytokine responses during malaria pathology was investigated in plasma samples from patients with confirmed Plasmodium falciparum malaria and in human whole-blood specimens stimulated with malaria-relevant agents ex vivo. Complement was significantly activated in the malaria cohort, compared with healthy controls, and was positively correlated with disease severity and with certain cytokines, in particular interleukin 8 (IL-8)/CXCL8. This was confirmed in ex vivo-stimulated blood specimens, in which complement inhibition significantly reduced IL-8/CXCL8 release. P. falciparum malaria is associated with systemic complement activation and complement-dependent release of inflammatory cytokines, of which IL-8/CXCL8 is particularly prominent.
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| 4. |
- Bergdahl, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Neuropeptide Y potentiates noradrenaline-induced contraction through the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmacology. - 1879-0712. ; 316:1, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To elucidate which neuropeptide Y receptor subtype is responsible for the neuropeptide Y-induced potentiation of the noradrenaline-evoked contraction in human omental arteries we used antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (Antisense), the new selective neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonist, BIBP3226 {(R)-N2-(diphenylacetyl)-N-[(4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl]-D-arginine-amide} and the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Neuropeptide Y significantly potentiated the noradrenaline-induced contraction in non-incubated vessels (pEC50 6.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 5.9 +/- 0.2) and in vessels incubated with 1 microM Sense oligodeoxynucleotide (Sense) (pEC50 6.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 5.6 +/- 0.2). In vessels incubated with 1 microM Antisense the potentiating effect of neuropeptide Y was completely abolished. BIBP3226 (1 microM) inhibited the neuropeptide Y-induced potentiation in human omental arteries (pEC50 5.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.2). Finally, messenger RNA for the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor was detected using RT-PCR. On the basis of our results we conclude that the neuropeptide Y-induced potentiation of the noradrenaline-induced contraction is mediated by the neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor.
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| 5. |
- Harboe, Morten, et al.
(författare)
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Properdin binding to complement activating surfaces depends on initial C3b deposition
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 114:4, s. E534-E539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two functions have been assigned to properdin; stabilization of the alternative convertase, C3bBb, is well accepted, whereas the role of properdin as pattern recognition molecule is controversial. The presence of nonphysiological aggregates in purified properdin preparations and experimental models that do not allow discrimination between the initial binding of properdin and binding secondary to C3b deposition is a critical factor contributing to this controversy. In previous work, by inhibiting C3, we showed that properdin binding to zymosan and Escherichia coli is not a primary event, but rather is solely dependent on initial C3 deposition. In the present study, we found that properdin in human serum bound dose-dependently to solid-phase myeloperoxidase. This binding was dependent on C3 activation, as demonstrated by the lack of binding in human serum with the C3-inhibitor compstatin Cp40, in C3-depleted human serum, or when purified properdin is applied in buffer. Similarly, binding of properdin to the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells or Neisseria meningitidis after incubation with human serum was completely C3-dependent, as detected by flow cytometry. Properdin, which lacks the structural homology shared by other complement pattern recognition molecules and has its major function in stabilizing the C3bBb convertase, was found to bind both exogenous and endogenous molecular patterns in a completely C3-dependent manner. We therefore challenge the view of properdin as a pattern recognition molecule, and argue that the experimental conditions used to test this hypothesis should be carefully considered, with emphasis on controlling initial C3 activation under physiological conditions.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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A case-referent study of cancer mortality among sulfate mill workers in Sweden.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Occupational and environmental medicine. - 1351-0711. ; 58:5, s. 321-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether workers in Swedish sulfate mills have an increased risk of death from certain malignancies that have previously been linked to the pulping process. METHODS: Subjects of the study (n=2480) were men aged 40-75 at death during 1960-89 in the parishes surrounding four sulfate mills. Exposure assessment was based on information from the personnel files in the mills- 35% of the subjects were recognised there, and work categories were created. RESULTS: Among all sulfate mill workers, the odds ratio (OR) (90% confidence interval (90% CI)) for death from lung cancer was 1.6 (1.1 to 2.3), pleural mesotheliomas 9.5 (1.9 to 48), brain tumours 2.6 (1.2 to 5.3), and liver or biliary tract cancer 2.3 (1.0 to 5.2). There was an increased mortality from leukaemia among workers in the soda recovery plant (5.9 (2.6 to 13)) and bleaching plant and digester house (2.8 (1.0 to 7.5)). CONCLUSIONS: Sulfate mill workers were at increased risk of dying from lung cancer and pleural mesotheliomas, probably due to exposure to asbestos. Increased risks of brain tumours and cancers of the liver or biliary tract were also found but the aetiology is not obvious.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of asthma among workers exposed to sulfur dioxide and other irritant gases
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 27:4, s. 720-5.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate whether repeated peak exposure (gassings) to sulphur dioxide (SO2) and other irritant gases increases the risk of new-onset asthma. A questionnaire was sent to 4,112 sulphite workers, of whom 1,919 completed the questionnaire and 396 completed the short-form questionnaire, which was sent out as a last reminder. A sample of 130 nonrespondents completed a telephone interview using the short-form questionnaire. The incidence of adult-onset, physician-diagnosed asthma during employment duration was analysed in relation to exposure to SO2 and gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms. Incidence rates, as well as incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated. Further Cox regression models were used allowing assessment of hazard ratios (HR) stratified for sex and adjusted for atopy, smoking habits and age. The incidence rate for asthma among sulphite mill workers reporting gassings of SO2 was 6.2 out of 1,000 person-yrs, compared with 1.9 out of 1,000 person-yrs among subjects unexposed to SO2 and any gassings (HR (95% CI) 4.0 (2.1-7.7)). Among males reporting gassings to SO2, the HR (95% CI) for asthma was 5.8 (2.6-13) compared with unexposed males. In conclusion, repeated peak exposure to sulphur dioxide increased the incidence of asthma during work in sulphite pulp mills, which supports the hypothesis of irritant-induced asthma.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Göran, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Golv - De nordsvenska timmerhusens konstruktion
- 2008
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Beskrivningar av golv i timmerhus, analys av funktionskrav och förslag till konstruktiv indelning. Rikligt med förklarande ritningar.
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Göran, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Tak - De nordsvenska timmerhusens konstruktion
- 2008
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Beskrivning av takkonstruktioner i timmerhus, funktionskrav analys av konstruktiv indelning. Rikligt med förklarande ritningar.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Axaeus, Jennie, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Portar till språk och litteratur : CSL 2007
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Språk och litteratur öppnar portar till nya världar. Detta var temat för 2007 års CSL-dag. I denna bok har vi samlat fjorton av bidragen som presenterades på konferensen, skrivna av forskare och studenter vid Karlstads universitet.Håller engelskan på att förstöra svenskan? Är dagens elever sämre på att skriva än ungdomarna var för tjugo år sedan? Skall vi ha en litteraturkanon i skolan - och läser eleverna över huvud taget böcker nu för tiden? Detta är några av de frågor som ställs i artiklarna där svaren kanske kan överraska.Andra artiklar handlar om hur man stimulerar elever till att läsa och skriva, problematiken när det gäller att undervisa i svenska som andraspråk och varför elever väljer - eller inte väljer - att studera något annat främmande språk än engelska. Porten kanske finns där - men den är inte alltid helt lätt att öppna!
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Berg, Stig, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive decline and dementia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Geropsychology. - Cambridge, Mass. : Hogrefe & Huber. - 9780889373402 ; , s. 165-182
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 21. |
- Berg, Stig, et al.
(författare)
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Declive cognitivo y demencia
- 2009
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Ingår i: PsicoGerontología. - Madrid : Pirámide. - 9788436822137 ; , s. 223-243
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Burman, Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis : the Swedish experience
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - London, United Kingdom : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 85:10, s. 1116-1121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a viable option for treatment of aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS). No randomised controlled trial has been performed, and thus, experiences from systematic and sustained follow-up of treated patients constitute important information about safety and efficacy. In this observational study, we describe the characteristics and outcome of the Swedish patients treated with HSCT for MS.Methods: Neurologists from the major hospitals in Sweden filled out a follow-up form with prospectively collected data. Fifty-two patients were identified in total; 48 were included in the study and evaluated for safety and side effects; 41 patients had at least 1 year of follow-up and were further analysed for clinical and radiological outcome. In this cohort, 34 patients (83%) had relapsing-remitting MS, and mean follow-up time was 47 months.Results: At 5 years, relapse-free survival was 87%; MRI event-free survival 85%; expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score progression-free survival 77%; and disease-free survival (no relapses, no new MRI lesions and no EDSS progression) 68%. Presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesions prior to HSCT was associated with a favourable outcome (disease-free survival 79% vs 46%, p=0.028). There was no mortality. The most common long-term side effects were herpes zoster reactivation (15%) and thyroid disease (8.4%).Conclusions: HSCT is a very effective treatment of inflammatory active MS and can be performed with a high degree of safety at experienced centres.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Cronqvist, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Diffusion and perfusion MRI in patients with ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by endovascular coiling: complications, procedural results, MR findings and clinical outcome.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Neuroradiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1920 .- 0028-3940. ; 47:11, s. 855-873
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our purpose was to evaluate treatment safety as well as complications frequency and management in endovascular coiling of intracerebral aneurysms using MR diffusion and perfusion imaging. In this prospective study, 77 MR examinations were performed in conjunction with 43 procedures in 40 patients, 14 patients presented with ruptured and 26 with unruptured aneurysms. Mean time interval between treatment and post-procedure MRI was 29 and 25 h for the ruptured and unruptured aneurysm group, respectively. Peri-procedural complications, including five major events and five minor transient events, occurred in 10/43 procedures (23%), necessitating thrombolytic therapy in two patients and angioplasty in one, all three within the unruptured aneurysm group. Fifty-one new lesions were found on post-treatment DWI and 47 of them were regarded as of ischemic origin. Most lesions were small (< 3 mm), ipsilateral to the treated aneurysm and asymptomatic (37/40 patients). Sixty-seven percent of the lesions were found in the ruptured and 33% in the unruptured aneurysm group. The ischemic lesions did occur more frequently in patients treated for aneurysm of large neck size and according to the remodelling technique. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 14.6 and 7.3% whereas morbidity and mortality rates related to the technique were only 2.6 and 0%, respectively. Silent embolism seems to be more common than clinically evident and partially related to patient presentation, heparinazation and treatment strategy. The capability to depict early complications and analyse their potential causes by using MR with DWI has been of great importance in our modification and improvement of therapeutic protocols, evaluations and strategies.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Dahl, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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Body mass index, cognitive ability, and dementia : prospective associations and methodological issues in late life
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aims of the present study were to investigate the association between overweight and cognitive ability and dementia, and to evaluate the usefulness of self-reported body mass index (BMI) in late life and various data sources commonly used in epidemiological studies to identify persons with dementia. Data were drawn from three population-based studies: the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA), Aging in Women and Men: A Longitudinal Study of Gender Differences in Health Behaviour and Health among Elderly (the Gender Study), and the Finnish Lieto Study. In Study I, the agreement between self-reported and measured BMI over time was evaluated among 774 men and women, ages 40 to 88 years at baseline (mean age 63.9) participating in both the questionnaire phase and in-person testing of SATSA. Latent growth curve (LGC) modeling showed a small but significant increase between self-reported and measured BMI (0.02 kg/m2/y) over time, which would probably not affect the results if self-reported BMI were used as a continuous variable in longitudinal research. In Study II, the agreement between dementia diagnoses from various sources and dementia diagnoses set at a consensus conference was evaluated. Among the 498 elderly people ages 70 to 81 at baseline (mean age 74.5) enrolled in the Gender Study, 87 were diagnosed with dementia during an eight-year period. Review of medical records and nurse evaluations yielded the highest sensitivity (0.83 and 0.80, respectively) and a high specificity (0.98 and 0.96), indicating that these sources might be good proxies of dementia, while data extraction from the Swedish Inpatient Discharge Registry underestimated the prevalence of dementia (sensitivity 0.26). In Study III, the association between being overweight in midlife and cognitive ability in late life was examined in SATSA. The 781 participants ages 25 to 63 at baseline (mean age 41.6) in 1963 or 1973 self-reported their height and weight. From 1986 until 2002, they were assessed five times using a cognitive test battery. LGC models showed that people with higher midlife BMI scores had significantly lower cognitive ability and a significantly steeper decline than their thinner counterparts, an association that persisted when those who developed dementia during the study period were excluded from the analysis. This finding indicates that being overweight might affect cognitive ability independently of dementia. In Study IV, the association between BMI and dementia risk in older persons was described among 605 persons without dementia and ages 65 to 92 at baseline (mean age 70.8) in the Lieto Study. Among these, 86 persons were diagnosed with dementia during eight years of follow-up. Cox regression analyses indicated that for each unit increase in BMI score, the risk of dementia decreased 8% (hazard ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval = 0.87–0.97) and the association remained significant when individuals who developed dementia during the first four years of follow-up were excluded from the analyses. This result suggests that low BMI scores are present almost a decade before clinical dementia onset.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Dahl, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of dementia in epidemiological research : A study on the usefulness of various data sources
- 2007
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 19:5, s. 381-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Prevalence and incidence ratios of dementia in epidemiological studies vary according to the data source used. Medical records, cognitive tests, and registry information are sources frequently used to differentiate dementia from normal aging. The aim of the present study was to compare the identification of dementia from these different sources with that from consensus diagnosis. Methods: 498 elderly people (age range 70–81 at baseline) enrolled in a Swedish population-based longitudinal twin study (Gender) were evaluated on physical and mental health and interviewed for their socio-demographic background three times during an eight-year period. Reviews of medical records and the Swedish Discharge Registry (DR) were conducted. The 10th percentile was used to differentiate between dementia and non-dementia in all cognitive tests. Scores of 24 or below on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (range 1–30) indicated dementia. A consensus conference diagnosed dementia on the basis of total information. The consensus diagnosis was used as the gold standard. Results: MMSE scores (sensitivity 64%, specificity 96%, kappa 0.65) and the review of medical records (sensitivity 57%, specificity 99%, kappa 0.65) were good sources for dementia identification. The precision of medical records increased when recordings of cognitive impairment were included (sensitivity 83%, specificity 98%, kappa 0.84). The discharge registry had low sensitivity (26%) and kappa coefficient (0.31). Conclusions: The present study shows that both review of medical records and MMSE scores are good although not perfect identifiers of dementia. The discharge registry is an uncertain source of dementia identification.
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| 30. |
- De Lago, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Acyl-based anandamide uptake inhibitors cause rapid toxicity to C6 glioma cells at pharmacologically relevant concentrations.
- 2006
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Ingår i: J Neurochem. - 0022-3042. ; 99:2, s. 677-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compounds blocking the uptake of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide (AEA) have been used to explore the functions of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the CNS both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the effects of four commonly used acyl-based uptake inhibitors [N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)arachidonylamide (AM404), N-(4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) arachidonoyl amide (VDM11), (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-(3-furanylmethyl)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenamide (UCM707) and (9Z)-N-[1-((R)-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]-9-octadecen-amide (OMDM2)] and the related compound arvanil on C6 glioma cell viability were investigated. All five compounds reduced the ability of the cells to accumulate calcein, reduced the total nucleic acid content and increased the activity of lactate dehydrogenase recovered in the cell medium. AM404 (10 microm) and VDM11 (10 microm) acted rapidly, reducing cell viability after 3 h of exposure when cell densities of 5,000 per well were used. In contrast, UCM707 (30 microm), OMDM2 (10 microm) and the related compound arvanil (10 microm) produced a more slowly developing effect on cell viability, although robust effects were seen after 6-9 h of exposure. At higher cell densities, the toxicities of AM404 and UCM707 were reduced. Comparison of the compounds with arachidonic acid, arachidonic acid methyl ester, AEA, arachidonoyl glycine and oleic acid suggested that the toxicity of the arachidonoyl-based compounds was related primarily to the acyl side-chain rather than the head group. A variety of pre-treatments blocking possible metabolic pathways and receptor targets were tested, but the only consistent protective treatment against the effects of these compounds was the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. It is concluded that AM404, VDM11, UCM707 and OMDM2 produce a rapid loss of C6 glioma cell viability over the same concentration range as is required for the inhibition of AEA uptake in vitro, albeit with a longer latency. Such effects should be kept in mind when acyl-derived compounds are used to probe the function of the endocannabinoid system in the CNS, particularly in chronic administration protocols.
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| 31. |
- Ekman Nilsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Testing the no agricultural waste concept – an environmental comparison of biorefinery value chains in various regions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is great opportunity, the bioeconomy is not a silver bullet in the quest to solve various environmental problems. This assessment tests the no agricultural waste concept, an agricultural system where all residues are utilized within a value chain, to elucidate whether the concept does indeed improve environmental performance across various regions, and if so, explores how various biorefinery concepts might be organized into various value chains to attain environmental benefits. In order to valorize this, the study illustrates how to do a step-wise assessment in order to design biorefinery set-ups based on their feedstock compatibility and region of implementation. The results show that no agricultural waste systems do not always result in environmental benefits, especially when environmental impacts are measured via a holistic interpretation of environmental damages, namely monetizing environmental damages. Furthermore, disagreement is shown when comparing environmental impacts interpreted via a single impact category, here global warming potential (GWP) and monetized environmental damages (MED). The performance of the various biorefineries was highly affected by the degree of decarbonization present in the energy grid of each region. While energy intensive biorefineries are able to provide benefit in terms of global warming savings, tradeoffs are observed where impacts are shifted to other areas of environmental impact. Despite these tradeoffs, across multiple regions, there is great potential for large-scale implementation of biorefineries as a tool for ameliorating environmental damages.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Forsell, Karl, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Lung cancer and mesothelioma among engine room crew--case reports with risk assessment of previous and ongoing exposure to carcinogens.
- 2007
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Ingår i: International maritime health. - : Via Medica. - 1641-9251 .- 2081-3252. ; 58:1-4, s. 5-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to illustrate, by means of case reports on occupational exposure in four men with cancer, the hazards of previous and ongoing carcinogenic exposures in ships' engine rooms. Several cases of cancer occurred within a few years among the engine room crew of a passenger ferry. An investigation was undertaken to establish the number of cases, the types of cancers involved, and their possible relation to work.Nine cases of cancer among crew members of the ferry were reported between 2001 and 2006, six of which occurred in crew working in the engine room. During the investigated time period, 65 men had been employed in the engine room (mean age 40, range 16-65, years). Four cases were referred to our department. Medical history, personal risk factors and specific diagnoses were collected by medical examinations and from the medical files. An experienced occupational hygienist evaluated work-related exposure to carcinogens.Two engine room ratings contracted lung cancer at the age of 54 and 61, respectively. Both men had been smokers for many years (33 and 45 years, respectively). One engine room rating and one electrical engineer were diagnosed with mesothelioma at the age of 61 and 63, respectively. All four had started to work in engine rooms between 1959 and 1967. Carcinogenic exposure included asbestos, with an estimated cumulative exposure of 2-5 fibreyears/mL, as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitroarenes from oils, soot and engine exhaust.For the lung cancer cases, smoking and asbestos exposure were considered clear risk factors, and PAHs and nitroarenes possible risk factors. For the mesothelioma cases, former asbestos exposure was considered a causal factor. Asbestos can still be present on ships. Steps should be taken to reduce the exposure to asbestos, PAHs and nitroarenes, and smoking.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Fransson, Per-Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Deep Brain Stimulation in the Subthalamic Nuclei Alters Postural Alignment and Adaptation in Parkinson’s Disease
- 2021
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson’s disease (PD) can produce postural abnormalities of the standing body position such as kyphosis. We investigated the effects of PD, deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), vision and adaptation on body position in a well-defined group of patients with PD in quiet standing and during balance perturbations. Ten patients with PD and 25 young and 17 old control participants were recruited. Body position was measured with 3D motion tracking of the ankle, knee, hip, shoulder and head. By taking the ankle as reference, we mapped the position of the joints during quiet standing and balance perturbations through repeated calf muscle vibration. We did this to explore the effect of PD, DBS in the STN, and vision on the motor learning process of adaptation in response to the repeated stimulus. We found that patients with PD adopt a different body position with DBS ON vs. DBS OFF, to young and old controls, and with eyes open vs. eyes closed. There was an altered body position in PD with greater flexion of the head, shoulder and knee (p≤0.042) and a posterior position of the hip with DBS OFF (p≤0.014). With DBS ON, body position was brought more in line with the position taken by control participants but there was still evidence of greater flexion at the head, shoulder and knee. The amplitude of movement during the vibration period decreased in controls at all measured sites with eyes open and closed (except at the head in old controls with eyes open) showing adaptation which contrasted the weaker adaptive responses in patients with PD. Our findings suggest that alterations of posture and greater forward leaning with repeated calf vibration, are independent from reduced movement amplitude changes. DBS in the STN can significantly improve body position in PD although the effects are not completely reversed. Patients with PD maintain adaptive capabilities by leaning further forward and reducing movement amplitude despite their kyphotic posture.
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| 37. |
- Fransson, Per-Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nuclei alters postural alignment and adaptation in Parkinson's disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson's disease (PD) can produce postural abnormalities of the standing body position such as kyphosis. We investigated the effects of PD, deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), vision and adaptation on body position in a well-defined group of patients with PD in quiet standing and during balance perturbations. Ten patients with PD and 25 young and 17 old control participants were recruited. Body position was measured with 3D motion tracking of the ankle, knee, hip, shoulder and head. By taking the ankle as reference, we mapped the position of the joints during quiet standing and balance perturbations through repeated calf muscle vibration. We did this to explore the effect of PD, DBS in the STN, and vision on the motor learning process of adaptation in response to the repeated stimulus. We found that patients with PD adopt a different body position with DBS ON vs. DBS OFF, to young and old controls, and with eyes open vs. eyes closed. There was an altered body position in PD with greater flexion of the head, shoulder and knee (p≤0.042) and a posterior position of the hip with DBS OFF (p≤0.014). With DBS ON, body position was brought more in line with the position taken by control participants but there was still evidence of greater flexion at the head, shoulder and knee. The amplitude of movement during the vibration period decreased in controls at all measured sites with eyes open and closed (except at the head in old controls with eyes open) showing adaptation which contrasted the weaker adaptive responses in patients with PD. Our findings suggest that alterations of posture and greater forward leaning with repeated calf vibration, are independent from reduced movement amplitude changes. DBS in the STN can significantly improve body position in PD although the effects are not completely reversed. Patients with PD maintain adaptive capabilities by leaning further forward and reducing movement amplitude despite their kyphotic posture.
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| 38. |
- Fransson, Per-Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation and Vision on Tremor in Parkinson's Disease : Benefits from Objective Methods
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-0003. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Tremor is a cardinal symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that may cause severe disability. As such, objective methods to determine the exact characteristics of the tremor may improve the evaluation of therapy. This methodology study aims to validate the utility of two objective technical methods of recording Parkinsonian tremor and evaluate their ability to determine the effects of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus and of vision.METHODS: We studied 10 patients with idiopathic PD, who were responsive to L-Dopa and had more than 1 year use of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation. The patients did not have to display visible tremor to be included in the study. Tremor was recorded with two objective methods, a force platform and a 3 dimensional (3D) motion capture system that tracked movements in four key proximal sections of the body (knee, hip, shoulder and head). They were assessed after an overnight withdrawal of anti-PD medications with DBS ON and OFF and with eyes open and closed during unperturbed and perturbed stance with randomized calf vibration, using a randomized test order design.RESULTS: Tremor was detected with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) in 6 of 10 patients but only distally (hands and feet) with DBS OFF. With the force platform and the 3D motion capture system, tremor was detected in 6 of 10 and 7 of 10 patients respectively, mostly in DBS OFF but also with DBS ON in some patients. The 3D motion capture system revealed that more than one body section was usually affected by tremor and that the tremor amplitude was non-uniform, but the frequency almost identical, across sites. DBS reduced tremor amplitude non-uniformly across the body. Visual input mostly reduced tremor amplitude with DBS ON.CONCLUSIONS: Technical recording methods offer objective and sensitive detection of tremor that provide detailed characteristics such as peak amplitude, frequency and distribution pattern, and thus, provide information that can guide the optimization of treatments. Both methods detected the effects of DBS and visual input but the 3D motion system was more versatile in that it could detail the presence and properties of tremor at individual body sections.
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| 39. |
- Fritzson, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of Human DHODH by 4-Hydroxycoumarins, Fenamic Acids, and N-(Alkylcarbonyl)anthranilic Acids Identified by Structure-Guided Fragment Selection
- 2010
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Ingår i: ChemMedChem. - : Wiley. - 1860-7187 .- 1860-7179. ; 5:4, s. 608-617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A strategy that combines virtual screening and structureguided selection of fragments was used to identify three unexplored classes of human DHODH inhibitor compounds: 4-hydroxycoumarins, fenamic acids, and N-(alkylcarbonyl)anthranilic acids. Structure-guided selection of fragments targeting the inner subsite of the DHODH ubiquinone binding site made these findings possible with screening of fewer than 300 fragments in a DHODH assay. Fragments from the three inhibitor classes identified were subsequently chemically expanded to target an additional subsite of hydrophobic character. All three classes were found to exhibit distinct structure–activity relationships upon expansion. The novel N-(alkylcarbonyl anthranilic acid class shows the most promising potency against human DHODH, with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. The structure of human DHODH in complex with an inhibitor of this class is presented.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Gold, Carol, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and patterns of cardiovascular diagnoses in an unlike-sex twin sample in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Gerontological Society of America, 60th Annual Scientific Meeting, San Francisco. ; , s. 68-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gender and Patterns of Cardiovascular Diagnoses and Year of Diagnoses in an Unlike-Sex Twin Sample in Sweden Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death for men and women. This study examined diagnoses in health records in a sample of older-unlike-sex twins in Sweden (N=249 pairs). A physician in Sweden has examined these twins’ medical records going back as far as 50 years and compiled a database with diagnoses based on ICD-10 codes and the year of diagnosis. A subsample of twinpairs was created in which both members had been diagnosed with at least one cardiovascular condition (N=140 pairs). The number of these conditions ranged from 1-8, with men having more than women (chi-square = 15.349, 7 d.f., p<.05). Analyses of the 4 most frequent conditions were conducted. We found 59 subjects with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (45 men; 14 women), but only 4 concordant twinpairs; of those 2 brothers preceded their sister in year of diagnosis. We found 72 cases of congestive heart failure (43 men; 29 women), but only 12 concordant twinpairs; in half of those cases, the brother preceded his sister. We found 61 cases of stroke (34 men; 27 women), but only 12 concordant twinpairs; in 5 cases the brother preceded his sister. We found 181 subjects with arterial hypertension (77 men; 104 women), and 66 concordant twinpairs; in 31 of those twinpairs, the brother preceded his sister, and in 35 the sister preceded her brother. Additional pattern analyses will be presented that describe the arrays of cardiovascular co-morbidities and their year of diagnosis within twinpairs and the whole sample. Benefits and Learning Objectives To present pattern analyses of cardiovascular conditions in an unlike-sex twin sample
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Granevald, Rickard, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of different forming fabric parameters on sheet solids content during vacuum dewatering
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631. ; 19:4, s. 428-433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of fabric parameters on paper sheet solids content during vacuum dewatering of low grammage sheets was studied by lab. equipment for 10 different forming fabrics. Caliper, void vol., and air permeability that control the capacity of the fabric to enclose water within the fabric were shown to have a great impact on the dewatering of the sheet. Rewetting from fabric to sheet seemed to be an important mechanism in detg. the sheet solids content.
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| 46. |
- Hansson, Josefine
(författare)
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Self-employed people navigating difficult times : business challenges and well-being from a salutogenic perspective
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundGlobally, the COVID-19 pandemic presented major difficulties for many self-employed people because it caused pressures such as decreased customer demand, production stagnation, disruptions in supply chains and increased uncertainty. The vast amount of the studies of self-employed people during the pandemic have focused on traditional pathogenic effects. Hence, overall aim of this thesis is to explore how self-employed people experienced and used internal and external salutogenic resources to navigate the pandemic, from a business challenge and an individual well-being perspective. MethodsDifferent methods of data collection and analysis were employed in the thesis. For study I, a qualitative design was used to explore whether a sense of coherence was experienced, and any general resistance resources were used by small business managers in Sweden and Norway during the pandemic. For study II, a cross-sectional quantitative design was employed to investigate the well-being of self-employed people in Europe during the pandemic and whether their well-being was influenced by factors representing four socio-ecological levels. Lastly, study III applied a mixed-method design including comparative policy analysis and interviews to gain an understanding of how different governmental financial support measures aimed to aid the resilience of Swedish and Canadian self-employed people and improve their ability to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Study I was analysed through a deductive content analysis, study II was analysed using independent sample t-tests, correlations and linear regression, and study III used comparative policy analysis and inductive content analysis. ResultsFindings from the interviews in study I demonstrated that it was important for the participants to comprehend and manage challenges during the pandemic in a resourceful manner, and to see meaningfulness in their situations. In study II, the findings highlight that the socio-ecological factors of resilience, social support, doing useful work and experiencing rules as clear affected the self-employed people’s well-being, and that these factors may be even more important for those who had difficulties running their business. Study III found that self-employed people in both Sweden and Canada who 10 were unable to telework were relatively less resilient during the pandemic. The interviews revealed that many self-employed people in hard-hit industries were dissatisfied with government financial support measures and found them to be unfairly distributed. In addition, the self-employed people who experienced difficulties running their businesses reported reduced well-being, which had a negative effect on their business survival. Conclusion While the three studies in this thesis had different foci, they collectively provide insights into the internal and external salutogenic resources that influenced how self-employed people navigated the pandemic. A sense of coherence, resilience and well-being were deemed important for handling the pandemic well, for both the individuals and their businesses. The research also indicated the interconnectedness between self-employed people and their businesses. For instance, financial difficulties may lead to increased stress and pressure to make decisions to sustain the business. Reduced well-being, in turn, made it harder to adapt and adjust positively to adversity. The importance of supporting factors at multiple socio-ecological levels was also highlighted, and these may be particularly important to those who had difficulties running their businesses.
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| 47. |
- Hansson, P, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental hyperthyroidism in man: effects on plasma lipoproteins, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase
- 1983
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Ingår i: Hormone and Metabolic Research. - 1439-4286. ; 15:9, s. 449-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the effects of triiodothyronine administration (20-40 micrograms three times daily over one week) in six healthy young men, on the activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase and on plasma lipoprotein concentrations. Hepatic lipase activity in post-heparin plasma rose by 46 +/- 25% (p less than 0.025), whereas the activity of lipoprotein lipase did not change significantly. Plasma cholesterol concentrations decreased by about 20% (p less than 0.025), whereas there was no change in plasma triglyceride levels. The fall in plasma cholesterol could be accounted for by a reduction of HDL cholesterol (-11%, p less than 0.025) as well as LDL cholesterol (-27%, p less than 0.025). The data emphasize the role of hepatic lipase in the lipoprotein alterations associated with thyroid dysfunction.
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