| 1. |
- Acosta, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Current status on plasma biomarkers for acute mesenteric ischemia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. - : Springer. - 0929-5305 .- 1573-742X. ; 33:4, s. 355-361
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia is difficult. The aim of this review is to provide current status on the search for an accurate plasma biomarker for acute mesenteric ischemia. A search using the medical subject heading terms marker and mesenteric ischemia or intestinal ischemia or superior mesenteric artery occlusion or mesenteric venous thrombosis in the Medline and Embase databases from 1980 to 2011. Studies without a control group or a control group consisted of healthy individuals (human studies), or studies on intestinal reperfusion were excluded. Twenty animal and twelve human studies were identified. In human studies, the studied series of patients had a control group that had a need of laparotomy (n = 2), suspected acute mesenteric ischemia (n = 7), acute abdomen (n = 2) or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (n = 1). D: -dimer has been found to be the most consistent highly sensitive early marker, but specificity was low. The follow-up study on α-glutathione S-transferase yielded inferior sensitivity and accuracy than the preliminary study, clearly questioning the value of this marker. Intestinal fatty acid binding globulin (I-FABP) and D: -lactate are both interesting markers, but the results were conflicting. Different cut-off levels have been used in the studies on I-FABP. The encouraging preliminary result of cobalt-albumin and urinary FABP as an accurate marker needs to be addressed in other study populations. The early clinical and laboratory diagnosis of intestinal ischemia remains a challenge. None of the proposed plasma-derived tests for acute mesenteric ischemia has as yet entered routine clinical practice. The proposed biomarkers need to be evaluated in a prospective clinical research project in patients with acute abdomen.
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| 2. |
- Acosta, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic pitfalls at admission in patients with acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0736-4679 .- 1090-1280. ; 42:6, s. 635-641
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Acute superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion leads to acute intestinal ischemia and is associated with high mortality. Early diagnosis is often missed, and confounding factors leading to diagnostic delays need to be highlighted.OBJECTIVES: To identify potential diagnostic laboratory pitfalls at admission in patients with acute SMA occlusion.METHODS: Fifty-five patients with acute SMA occlusion were identified from the in-hospital register during a 4-year period, 2005-2009.RESULTS: The median age was 76 years; 78% were women. The occlusion was embolic in 53% and thrombotic in 47% of patients. At admission, troponin I was above the clinical decision level (> 0.06 μg/L) for acute ischemic myocardial injury in 9/19 (47%) patients with embolic occlusion. Elevated pancreas amylase and normal plasma lactate were found in 12/45 and 13/27, respectively. A troponin I (TnI) above the clinical decision level was associated with a high frequency of referrals from the general surgeon to a specialist in internal medicine (p = 0.011) or a cardiologist (p = 0.024). The diagnosis was established after computed tomography angiography in 98% of the patients. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 33%. Attempting intestinal revascularization (n = 43; p < 0.001), with a 95% frequency rate of completion control of the vascular procedure, was associated with a higher survival rate, whereas referral to the cardiologist was associated with a higher mortality rate (p = 0.018).CONCLUSION: Elevated TnI was common in acute SMA occlusion, and referral to the cardiologist was found to be associated with adverse outcome. Elevated pancreas amylase and normal plasma lactate values are also potential pitfalls at admission in patients with acute SMA occlusion.
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| 3. |
- Breimer, Lars H., et al.
(författare)
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Considerations for appointing an external examiner of a PhD in the biomedical sciences in Sweden : a questionnaire-based survey
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 98:3, s. 2039-2049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A survey of 170 Swedish mentors of PhD-students found that expertise in the research field and avoidance of conflict of interest were big motivators for finding an examiner from abroad for PhD theses. The survey also identified that concern by supervisors for facilitating the career paths of younger scientists in terms of introductions to potential labs for post-doctoral work and obtaining high quality neutral review of one's research was also important, as was the desire to set up collaborations. An expectation from the management of one's university of the PR-value of a foreign senior person as examiner also played a part. Although few were willing to admit that PR for one's own group was a motivating factor. A small fraction of responders expressed concern that, as some of the costs of the PhD-examination were being shifted on to the research groups themselves, this might impact the current situation. Language also played a subordinate role. To get the best out of the visiting examiner, it was important to educate and instruct them in their role in a Swedish PhD-examination protocol. Male supervisors had had more PhD-candidates than female, but they also had used more Sweden-based examiners than their female colleagues. We conclude that using a foreign examiner was motivated by factors that are likely to prevail for the foreseeable future. This Swedish practice may also provide a template for a common standard.
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| 4. |
- Breimer, Lars H., et al.
(författare)
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Has folate a role in the developing nervous system after birth and not just during embryogenesis and gestation?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - London, United Kingdom : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 72:3, s. 185-191
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is now 30 years since the first publications stating that supplementation with folate could prevent neural tube defects appeared and 20 years since the definitive data, including prevention of other birth defects. Since then epidemiological studies and animal experiments have identified folate as a molecule at the crossroads of neural development. Fortification of food has greatly reduced the incidence of spina bifida. Much interest has focussed on long-term sequelae in children born to mothers severely deprived of folate (and other nutrients) such as during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944 and in poor parts of the world. In addition, deficiency in folate and B12 are increasingly discussed as a possible contributing factor in dementia and congenital orofacial and heart malformations. The year 2011 saw the publication of a study that implicated low folate intake in poorer school performance of adolescents as judged by school marks. This has enormous social implications but needs confirmation from other settings. This review assesses the current state of evidence and sets the data in context of whether folate has a role in the development and plasticity of the nervous system even after birth, with particular emphasis on childhood and adolescence.
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| 5. |
- Börjel, Anna K., et al.
(författare)
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Novel mutations in the 5'-UTR of the FOLR1 gene
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 44:2, s. 161-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously reported two novel mutations in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the gene for folate receptor-alpha (FOLR1). In our search for additional mutations, 92 patient samples with elevated levels of homocysteine were screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) between nt -425 and -782, and -712 and -1110. Between nt -425 and -782 we did not find any mutations. Between nt -712 and -1110 there were three novel mutations. One subject had two mutations very close to each other, c.-856C>T and c.-921T>C. Two subjects had a c.-1043G>A mutation. To get an idea of the prevalence of FOLR1 mutations in an unselected population, we also screened 692 healthy school children for mutations. In this cohort, between nt -188 and +272 we discovered one novel mutation, a single nucleotide substitution, c.-18C>T, in addition to five children with the 25-bp deletion mutation previously described by us. Thus, so far we have discovered six novel mutations in the 5'-UTR region of the gene for folate receptor-alpha. We genotyped all 17 subjects with a FOLR1 mutation for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism, and developed new single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping protocols for MTHFR 1298A>C and 1793G>A utilising Pyrosequencing technology. None of the 17 subjects had the 677TT genotype, which ruled out this as a cause of elevated homocysteine levels, which was observed in some of the subjects. Further studies of mutations in the 5'-UTR of FOLR1, and in particular of their interplay with folate intake status, are warranted.
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| 6. |
- Böttiger, Anna K., 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Association of total plasma homocysteine with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotypes 677C > T, 1298A > C, and 1793G > A and the corresponding haplotypes in Swedish children and adolescents
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - Athens, Greece : D.A. Spandidos. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 19:4, s. 659-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied 692 Swedish children and adolescents (aged 9-10 or 15-16 years, respectively), in order to evaluate the effect of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C > T, 1298A > C, and 1793G > A polymorphisms on total plasma homocysteine concentrations (tHcy). Genotyping was performed with Pyrosequencing (TM) technology. The MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism was associated with increased tHcy concentrations in both the children and the adolescents (P < 0.001 for both age groups) in both genders. The effect of MTHFR 1298A > C was studied separately in subjects with the 677CC and 677CT genotypes, and the 1298C allele was found to be associated with higher tHcy levels both when children were stratified according to 677C > T genotypes, and when using haplotype analyses and diplotype reconstructions. The 1793A allele was in complete linkage disequilibrium with the 1298C allele. It was still possible to show that the 1793A allele was associated with lower tHcy levels, statistically significant in the adolescents. In conclusion, a haplotype-based approach was slightly superior in explaining the genetic interaction on tHcy plasma levels in children and adolescents than a simple genotype based approach (R-2 adj 0.44 vs. 0.40). The major genetic impact on tHcy concentrations is attributable to the MTHFR 677C > T polymorphism. The common 1298A > C polymorphism had a minor elevating effect on tHcy, whereas the 1793G > A polymorphism had a lowering effect on tHcy.
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| 7. |
- Farkas, Sanja A., 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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DNA methylation and expression of the folate transporting genes in colorectal cancer
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigated the DNA methylation pattern and protein expression of the FOLR1, PCFT, and RFC1 genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissue. Our results showed statistically significant differences in the DNA methylated fraction of all three genes at several gene regions, we identified 3 differentially methylated CpG sites in the FOLR1 gene, 5 CpG sites in the PCFT gene, and 6 CpG sites in the RFC1 gene. We observed a pronounced expression of the FRα and RFC proteins in both the cancer and normal tissues, though the proteins were moderately expressed in cancer compared to the high expression in the paired healthy mucosa. The PCFT protein was undetectable or expressed very low in both tissues. Higher methylated fractions of the CpG sites 3-5 in the RFC1 gene were associated with a lower protein expression. When analyzing the association between DNA methylation and tumor characteristics (differentiation, location, primary tumor stage and lymph node involvement) we detected lower methylated fraction of specific CpG sites in the RFC1 gene in CRC located in the distal colon and rectum compared to the proximal colon. In the FOLR1 gene, we found CpG sites with a lower methylated fraction of colorectal cancers with the primary tumor stage 4 (pT4) compared to the pT2 and pT3 stages. Our results did not show association between the RFC and FRα protein expression and tumor stage, TNM classification or tumor location. In conclusion, these data suggest that there is a possible epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation of the RFC1 gene in the colorectal cancer.
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| 8. |
- Farkas, Sanja A., 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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DNA methylation changes in genes frequently mutated in sporadic colorectal cancer and in the DNA repair and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway genes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Epigenomics. - : Future Medicine. - 1750-1911. ; 6:2, s. 179-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The onset and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves a cascade of genetic and/or epigenetic events. The aim of the present study was to address the DNA methylation status of genes relevant in colorectal carcinogenesis and its progression, such as genes frequently mutated in CRC, genes involved in the DNA repair and Wnt signaling pathway.Material & methods: We analyzed methylation status in totally 160 genes in 12 paired colorectal tumors and adjacent healthy mucosal tissues using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip.Results: We found significantly aberrant methylation in 23 genes (NEIL1, NEIL3, DCLRE1C, NHEJ1, GTF2H5, CCNH, CTNNB1, DKK2, DKK3, FZD5 LRP5, TLE3, WNT2, WNT3A, WNT6, TCF7L1, CASP8, EDNRB1, GPC6, KIAA1804, MYO1B, SMAD2 and TTN). External validation by mRNA expression showed a good agreement between hypermethylation in cancer and down-regulated mRNA expression of the genes EDNRB1, GPC6 and SMAD2, and between hypomethylation and up-regulated mRNA expression of the CASP8 and DCLRE1C genes.Conclusion: Aberrant methylation of the DCLRE1C and GPC6 genes are presented here for the first time and are therefore of special interest for further validation as novel candidate biomarker genes in CRC, and merit further validation with specific assays.
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| 9. |
- Gustafsson, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue zinc levels in a child with hypercalprotectinaemia and hyperzincaemia : a case report and a review of the literature
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - London, United Kingdom : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 72:1, s. 34-38
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A girl suffering from a rare syndrome of unknown aetiology, termed hypercalprotectinaemia, was evaluated for tissue zinc status, because calprotectin is a protein which chelates Zn at multiple binding-sites, which might have affected the distribution of Zn in her body.Methods: Measurement of serum, urine, hair and nail zinc (Zn) concentration, complemented with measurement of total Zn in ultrafiltrates of plasma.Results: Her serum Zn concentration was 105-133 mu mol/L. Zn levels in her hair (102 mu g/g), nail (90 mu g/g) and urine (3-12 mu mol/L; 20-80 mu g/dL) were all at the lower end of the reference intervals described in the sparse literature. Zn concentrations in ultrafiltrates of plasma were below the detection limit (<100 nmol/L). Thus, the elevated serum Zn did not translate into a similarly increased level of Zn in any of the tissues tested, nor in free Zn concentrations. Instead it appeared to be a result of Zn being chelated to binder proteins, most probably calprotectin.Conclusion: Her grossly elevated serum calprotectin concentration is probably able to raise circulating total Zn concentrations without raising ionized concentrations, but this Zn remains confined to the circulating blood as well as to excreted body fluids, particularly faeces.
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| 10. |
- Hagnelius, Nils-Olof, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Blood concentrations of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid among demented and non-demented Swedish elderly with and without home care services and vitamin B(12) prescriptions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra. - Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger. - 1664-5464. ; 2:1, s. 387-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aims: Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) has been suggested as a risk factor of dementia. Our aim was to investigate potential differences in tHcy status in relation to the prescription of vitamin B(12) and dementia diagnosis. We examined whether vitamin B(12) prescriptions, a family history of dementia, or the need for home care service might be associated with tHcy values.Methods: A cross-sectional monocenter study comprising 926 consecutive subjects attending our Memory Care Unit was conducted.Results: Demented subjects being prescribed vitamin B(12) had higher serum vitamin B(12) (p = 0.025) but also higher tHcy (p < 0.001) and serum methylmalonate (p = 0.032), and lower serum folate (p < 0.001) than those who did not receive vitamin B(12) prescriptions. tHcy levels were significantly higher in non-demented subjects receiving home care service (p = 0.007). This group also had lower serum albumin (dementia: p < 0.001; non-dementia: p = 0.004). There was no difference in renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate) in demented or non-demented subjects with or without vitamin B(12) prescriptions (dementia with/without vitamin B(12) prescription: p = 0.561; non-dementia with/without vitamin B(12) prescription: p = 0.710).Conclusion: Despite vitamin B(12) prescriptions, demented subjects had higher tHcy and methylmalonate values. The elevated metabolite values could not be explained by differences in renal function. Thus, elderly subjects on vitamin B(12) prescription appear to have unmet nutritional needs.
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| 11. |
- Hagnelius, Nils-Olof, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Fibrinolysis and von Willebrand factor in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia : a case-referent study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: The importance of vascular risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is not settled. Our aim was to compare patients with AD or vascular dementia (VaD) with non-demented subjects with regard to endothelial derived fibrinolytic and hemostatic factors.Materials and methods: In a cross-sectional mono-center case-referent study in Örebro, Sweden, we consecutively included 95 patients with AD and 55 with VaD and 154 non-demented active seniors (AS). Plasma biomarkers including the endothelial derived fibrinolytic factors: mass concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tPA/PAI-1 complex and von Willebrand factor (vWF), as well as clinical data were analyzed.Results: None of the endothelial derived fibrinolytic markers or vWF differed between AD vs. VaD. In comparison with the AS group, tPA was higher in AD (p=0.001) and VaD (p=0.023) but its inhibitor, PAI-1 mass concentration did not differ significantly; tPA/PAI-1 complex was higher in both VaD (p=0.038) and AD (p=0.005). vWF concentration was lower in the AS group (p<0.001) than in both dementia groups.Conclusion: Thus, endothelial derived fibrinolytic factors, tPA/PAI-1 complex and vWF, discriminated between the reference group of non-demented elderly and the AD and VaD groups, but not between AD and VaD. This suggests similar disturbances for endothelial derived fibrinolytic and hemostatic factors among AD and VaD patients and may reflect shared vascular pathophysiological mechanisms in the dementias.
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| 12. |
- Hagnelius, Nils-Olof, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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High homocysteine and methylmalonate among demented and non-demented elderly receiving vitamin-B12 prescription and home help service
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background & Aims: Total homocysteine (tHcy) has been suggested as a dementia risk factor. Our aim was to investigate potential differences in tHcy and its determinants (mainly Serum-B12 and Serum-folate) in relation dementia. We examined the effect of vitamin-B12 prescription, whether a family history of dementia, or the need for home help service might have influence on tHcy.Methods: A cross sectional monocenter study comprising 926 consecutive subjects attending our Memory Care Unit.Results: Demented subjects being prescribed vitamin-B12 had higher Serum-B12 (p =0.025) but also higher tHcy (p =<0.001) and S-methylmalonate (p =0.032), and lower Serum-folate (p<0.001) than those who did not receive B12 prescriptions. tHcy levels were higher in subjects in need of home help service (non-dementia: p= 0.007), this group also had lower S-albumin (dementia: p<0.001; non-dementia: p=0.004). In multivariate logistic regression analysis with diagnosis of dementia as outcome, both vitamin-B12 prescriptions, family history of dementia, and existent home help service, predicted dementia (p=0.037; 0.044; 0.002 respectively).Conclusion: Elderly subjects on vitamin-B12 prescription appear to have unmet needs of nutritional support, causing elevated homocysteine levels. The home help service should pay a closer attention to nutritional aspects and drug compliance among geriatric patients.
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| 13. |
- Isaksson, Helena S., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Whole blood RNA expression profiles in ovarian cancer patients with or without residual tumors after primary cytoreductive surgery
- 2012
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Ingår i: Oncology Reports. - Athens, Greece : Spandidos Publications Ltd.. - 1021-335X .- 1791-2431. ; 27:5, s. 1331-1335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Significant improvements in the treatment results of ovarian cancer have been achieved during the last decades, but further improvements require additional methods identifying signs of the disease and its biological behavior, preferably by a simple blood test. We hypothesized that peripheral blood leukocytes may express genes that carry such clinical information. Therefore, we studied the relative gene expressions of 168 cancer- and metastasis-specific genes in blood samples from ovarian cancer patients with different prognoses after primary cytoreductive surgery. Total RNA was extracted from whole blood and the relative gene expression profile of 168 genes were analyzed using real-time qPCR assays. Two groups of patients were analyzed; one group with residual tumor mass after primary surgery, and one group where the tumor was macroscopically radically resected, resulting in no visible tumor mass left behind. The group with the remaining tumor mass after surgery showed significantly different gene expression profiles compared to the group with no remaining tumor mass. Differences were noted for the metastasis associated 1 family, member 2 gene (MTA2), the TNF, alpha-catenin, interleukin 1 beta, the KiSS-1 metastasis suppressor and the matrix metalloproteinase 10 genes. All genes were downregulated with a fold-change between 1.15 to 1.57; there were no upregulated genes. Thus, a signature of genes involved in metastasis, invasion and inflammation was found to be significantly downregulated in native unstimulated blood leukocytes from ovarian cancer patients with a poor prognosis. Preoperatively it may serve as a guide to the biology of the tumor and postoperatively in the optimization of adjuvant treatment of ovarian cancer patients.
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| 14. |
- Isaksson, Helena S., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Whole genome expression profiling of blood cells in ovarian cancer patients : prognostic impact of the CYP1B1, MTSS1, NCALD, and NOP14 genes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact press. - 1949-2553. ; 5:12, s. 4040-4049
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ovarian cancer patients with different tumor stages and cell differentiation might be distinguished from each other by gene expression profiles in whole blood cell mRNA by the Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array. We also examined if there is any association with other clinical variables, response to therapy, and residual tumor burden after surgery. Patients were divided into two groups, one with poor prognosis, advanced stage and poorly differentiated tumors (n = 22), and one group with good prognosis, early stage and well-to medium differentiated tumors (n = 11). Six genes were found to be differentially expressed: the PDIA3, LYAR, NOP14, NCALD and MTSS1 genes were down-regulated and the CYP1B1 gene expression was up-regulated in the poor prognosis group, all with p value <0.05, adjusted for mass comparison. In survival analyses, CYP1B1, MTSS1, NCALD and NOP14 remained significantly different (p<0.05). Patient groups did not differ in any transcript related to acute phase or immune responses. This minimal gene expression signature of prognostic ovarian cancer-related genes opens up an avenue for more practicable monitoring of ovarian cancer patients by simple peripheral blood tests, which may evolve into a tool to guide selection of curative and postoperative supportive therapies.
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| 15. |
- Isaksson, Helena S., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Whole genome microarray expression analysis in blood leucocytes identifies pathways linked to signs and symptoms of a patient with hypercalprotectinaemia and hyperzincaemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 191:2, s. 240-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A child, 2 years with the "hypercalprotectinemia with hyperzincemia" clinical syndrome presented with atypical symptoms and signs, notably persistent fever of around 38°C, thrombocythaemia of >700 x 10(9) /L, and a predominance of persistent intestinal symptoms. In an effort to find a cure by identifying the dysregulated pathways we analyzed whole-genome mRNA expression by the Affymetrix HG U133 PLUS 2.0 array on three occasions 3 to 5 months apart. Major upregulation was demonstrated for the JAK/STAT pathway including in particular CD177, S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12, accounting for the thrombocytosis; a large number of interleukins, their receptors, and activators, accounting for the febrile apathic state; and the HMBG1 gene, possibly accounting for part of the intestinal symptoms. These results show that gene expression array technology may assist the clinician in the diagnostic workup of individual patients with suspected syndromal states of unknown origin, and the expression data can guide the selection of optimal treatment directed at the identified target pathways.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Nilsson, Olof, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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e-Power to the People– a Driver for CrossSector Regional Development in Europe
- 2010
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Ingår i: eChallenges e-2010 Conference. - 9781905824212
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This position paper introduces the project ISSI – Citizen Centric Public Service in Sparsely Populated Areas. In the project we are applying the citizen value model, to improve interaction between citizens and municipal authorities as well as within and between municipal authorities, aiming at a major improvement of the level of service for citizens and SMEs in the sparsely populated northern municipality of Örnsköldsvik. The project applies an adaptable and scalable comprehensive e-service model focusing on multi-functionality and cross-sector services – a new up- and running modular infrastructure for e-services The model is based on social media, an on-line community InneLandet, www.innelandet.se, driven by a privatepublic partnership, that will successively take over the project. Core concerns are individual and organizational participation, e-service literacy, citizen - authority dialogue, activity and flexibility – a new tool for implementing co-design as the next step in e-democracy. A special concern now is to increase the number of users in a higher pace
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| 19. |
- Nilsson, Torbjörn K., 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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A folate receptor alpha double-mutated haplotype 1816delC-1841A is distributed throughout Eurasia and associated with lower erythrocyte folate levels
- 2012
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Ingår i: Molecular Biology Reports. - Dordrecht, Netherlands : Springer. - 0301-4851 .- 1573-4978. ; 39:4, s. 4471-4478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Folate is crucial for various cellular functions. Several transport mechanisms allow folate to enter the intracellular compartment with folate receptor-alpha being the major high-affinity receptor. Rare genetic variations in exons of the FR-alpha gene, FOLR1, were recently shown to cause severe folate deficiency accompanied by neurological and other disturbances. So far, similar effects by genetic variation in noncoding parts of the FOLR1 gene have not been identified. The aim of our study was to determine biochemically the haplotype structure of two linked polymorphisms in the FOLR1 gene, 1816delC and 1841G > A, the prevalences of the mutated alleles across Eurasia, and their possible effects on physiological folate levels in vivo. For this purpose we employed allele-specific PCR and Pyrosequencing technology and performed genotyping in 738 subjects from Spain, 387 from Sweden, 952 from Estonia, and 47 from Korea. We demonstrate the presence of an ancient double-mutated haplotype 1816delC-1841A in the FOLR1 gene, with the prevalence of the mutated allele being highest among Koreans (q = 0.074), lower in Estonians (q = 0.017), Spaniards (q = 0.0061), and the lowest among Swedes (q = 0.0026). Erythrocyte folate levels were studied in the Spanish population sample, where subjects carrying the double-mutated FOLR1 haplotype had significantly reduced levels by 27% (P = 0.039), adjusted for serum vitamin B-12 levels and MTHFR 677C > T genotype, while the mean serum folate levels were only 20% lower among the carriers (P = 0.11). Plasma homocysteine and cobalamin levels did not differ. Thus, we have demonstrated by molecular haplotyping an ancient double-mutated haplotype 1816delC-1841A in the FOLR1 gene, spread over the whole Eurasian continent, which may be of functional importance for uptake of folate in red blood cells.
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Torbjörn, K., 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Folate in dementia and cognitive dysfunction
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Vitamins in the prevention of human diseases. - Berlin, Germany : De Gruyter. - 9783110214499 ; , s. 125-140
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 21. |
- Olsson, Lovisa A., 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective well-being in Swedish active seniors and its relationship with physical activity and commonly available biomarkers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1176-9092 .- 1178-1998. ; 9, s. 233-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical activity is claimed to be related to well-being and to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the possible associations of well-being with physical activity and biomarkers of somatic health were studied in a sample of Swedish active seniors to determine the strength of these associations.Methods: Three hundred and eighty-nine community-dwelling senior citizens (127 men and 262 women) of mean age 74 +/- 5 years were recruited for this cross-sectional population study. Serum samples were analyzed for lipoproteins and markers of inflammation. The Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) index was used to measure subjective well-being. Physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for the elderly.Results: More than 50% of men and women rated their physical activity as high; in the women, there was a significant difference between the age groups (younger and older than the median age [median =74.1 years], respectively). The mean PGWB index indicates a high degree of subjective well-being in this group of Swedish seniors. Of the PGWB subdimensions, general health had the strongest positive relationship with physical activity (r(2)=5.4%). for the subdimensions of depressed mood, positive well-being, vitality, and PGWB index, physical activity had an r(2)<= 4%, while the contributions of sex, age, and biomarkers were minor.Conclusion: We have estimated the contribution of physical activity to the variance of subjective well-being in active seniors. Physical activity appears to play a greater role as a determinant of subjective well-being than do biomarkers of somatic health, especially in females, but most of the variance remained unaccounted for by the studied variables.
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| 22. |
- Olsson, Lovisa A., 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Subjective well-being in Swedish active seniors or seniors with cognitive complaints and its relation to commonly available biomarkers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 56:2, s. 303-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-being (WB) is a complex variable in its relation to physical health and other personal and social characteristics. The aim was to study subjective well-being (SWB) and its possible associations with traditional biomarkers of cardiovascular risk or dementia, in Swedish seniors. SWB was estimated by the Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) index in two study groups. The active seniors (AS) group consisted of community-dwelling elderly Swedes leading an active life (n=389). The DGM cohort (n=300) consisted of subjects referred to the Memory Unit at the Department of Geriatrics, the cognitive problems had to be subjective, mild or moderate (MMSE≥10). There were differences in all six subdimensions of SWB or distress, and in the sum of PGWB scores, between the two study groups (p<0.001 for all), and adjustment for differences in biomarkers of somatic health (age, sex, blood pressure, BMI, HDL cholesterol, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, creatinine, and homocysteine) did not attenuate these differences. In addition, cognition as assessed by the Clock-Drawing Test (CDT) showed independent associations with four of the PGWB subdimensions and with the PGWB sum. Among the subjects in the DGM cohort, SWB was equally low among subjects with an MCI (minor cognitive impairment) diagnosis or without a dementia diagnosis as among subjects diagnosed with dementia disorder. We conclude that the nosological grouping variable (AS vs. DGM cohort) and a cognitive factor were the main independent predictors of SWB in this sample of elderly Swedes, whereas biomarkers of somatic health played a subordinated role.
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| 23. |
- Olsson, Lovisa A., 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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The triangulation of COMT polymorphism rs4680, physical activity, and subjective well-being in retired community-dwelling elderly subjects
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: During normal aging dopaminergic neuromodulation declines and this has been associated with impaired cognitive function and negative and positive affects. A common polymorphism (rs4680; Val/Met) in the enzyme catechol-O6-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is a determinant of the rate of elimination of dopamine and noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex, and is therefore thought to modulate dopaminergic signaling.The aim of the present study was to test whether subjective well-being (SWB) was influenced by interactions between COMT rs4680 genotype, sex, physical activity (PA), and serum biomarkers of somatic health.Methods: We studied 389 community dwelling, socially active seniors, mean age 74 years and M/F 127/262 (AS cohort). COMT was genotyped by pyrosequencing, PA was assessed by the IPAQ-E, and SWB by the PGWB index.Results: Male carriers of the rs4680 Met-allele had significantly better SWB than subjects with the ancestral wildtype Val/Val (p=0.009), also when adjusting for age, homocysteine, HbA1c, cystatin C, and IPAQ-E score (p=3.8×10 -5). There was a strong interaction between PA and the rs4680 polymorphism (p=0.001). In women on the other hand the COMT genotype was unrelated to PGWB sum and its subdimensions,Conclusion: In socially active, elderly retired men, COMT genotype has a major influence on SWB, partly mediated by an interaction with physical activity. This finding should help implementing better public health intervention strategies by tailoring the interventions at appropriately selected subgroups.
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| 24. |
- Sanner, Karin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Ovarian epithelial neoplasia after hormonal infertility treatment: long-term follow-up of a historical cohort in Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Fertil Steril. - : Elsevier BV. ; 91:4, s. 1152-1158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the association between hormonal infertility treatment and ovarian neoplasia. DESIGN: Historical cohort study. SETTING: Three university hospitals in Sweden. PATIENT(S): A total of 2,768 women assessed and treated for infertility and infertility-associated disorders between 1961 and 1975. INTERVENTION(S): Exposed women received clomiphene citrate and/or gonadotropins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incidence of ovarian neoplasia. RESULT(S): No overall excess risk of invasive ovarian cancer emerged compared with the general population. In women with gonadotropin treatment for non-ovulatory disorders, the risk was elevated (standardized incidence ratio [SIR] = 5.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.91-13.75); four of the five cases reported hCG treatment only, rendering the biological plausibility uncertain. Multivariate analysis within the cohort indicated that treatment with gonadotropins only was associated with an increased risk of invasive cancer (relative risk = 5.28; 95% CI 1.70-16.47). For borderline tumors, a more than threefold overall increase of tumors (SIR = 3.61; 95% CI 1.45-7.44) was noted; women exposed to clomiphene because of ovulatory disorders showed the highest risk (SIR = 7.47; 95% CI 1.54-21.83). CONCLUSION(S): Our findings of increased risk of ovarian cancer after gonadotropins and of borderline tumors after clomiphene treatment need to be interpreted with caution. However, concern is raised, and further research on the long-term safety particularly of modern hormonal infertility treatment in IVF programs is warranted.
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| 25. |
- Svane, Maria, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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On-Line Chemical Analysis of Individual Alkali-Containing Aerosol Particles by Surface Ionization Combined with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
- 2009
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Ingår i: Aerosol Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0278-6826 .- 1521-7388. ; 43:7, s. 653-661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An aerosol mass spectrometer for measurements of the alkali metal content in individual submicron aerosol particles is presented. The instrument combines surface ionization of individual particles on a hot platinum surface with orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The instrument simultaneously provides the content of different alkali metal elements in single particles with high sensitivity. The instrument is characterized in laboratory experiments, and determination of the alkali metal content is demonstrated for particle diameters of 50-500 nm. The technique is demonstrated in ambient air measurements at an urban background site, and sea spray particles and particles originating from biomass burning are identified based on their content of sodium and potassium. Possible further improvements and applications of the technique are discussed.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Werner, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Whole genome sequencing of Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype 046 suggests transmission between pigs and humans
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 15:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A zoonotic association has been suggested for several PCR ribotypes (RTs) of Clostridioides difficile. In central parts of Sweden, RT046 was found dominant in neonatal pigs at the same time as a RT046 hospital C. difficile infection (CDI) outbreak occurred in the southern parts of the country.OBJECTIVE: To detect possible transmission of RT046 between pig farms and human CDI cases in Sweden and investigate the diversity of RT046 in the pig population using whole genome sequencing (WGS).METHODS: WGS was performed on 47 C. difficile isolates from pigs (n = 22), the farm environment (n = 7) and human cases of CDI (n = 18). Two different core genome multilocus sequencing typing (cgMLST) schemes were used together with a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis and the results were related to time and location of isolation of the isolates.RESULTS: The pig isolates were closely related (≤6 cgMLST alleles differing in both cgMLST schemes) and conserved over time and were clearly separated from isolates from the human hospital outbreak (≥76 and ≥90 cgMLST alleles differing in the two cgMLST schemes). However, two human isolates were closely related to the pig isolates, suggesting possible transmission. The SNP analysis was not more discriminate than cgMLST.CONCLUSION: No general pattern suggesting zoonotic transmission was apparent between pigs and humans, although contrasting results from two isolates still make transmission possible. Our results support the need for high resolution WGS typing when investigating hospital and environmental transmission of C. difficile.
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