| 1. |
- Ahlstrand, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Reliabilitetstestning av Purdue Pegboard® (finmotoriktest)
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att undersöka hur många upprepade mätningar med Purdue Pegboard som ger tillräckligt bra reliabilitet vid test av finmotorik, genomfördes en pilotstudie på Arbets- och miljömedicin vintern 2010-2011. I studien deltog 28 högerhänta friska personer mellan 20 och 60 år, hälften män och hälften kvinnor. Samtliga försökspersoner gjorde en basmätning och därefter en uppföljande mätning efter en vecka. Höger hand, vänster hand och båda händer testades fem gånger vid varje försökstillfälle som gick ut på att sätta i maximalt antal pinnar på 30 sekunder. Test-retest data för kontinuerliga variabler analyserades med hänsyn till medelvärde av skillnaden mellan basmätning och uppföljning. Resultatet angavs som intervall mellan övre och nedre gräns i ”limits of agreement”( LOA). Efter totalt tio genomförda tester för varje individ (n=28) blev det genomsnittliga antalet isatta pinnar ca 17 för höger hand, 15-16 för vänster hand och ca 13 pinnar för båda händerna. Test nr 1, dvs en enkel test, så som den utförs på AMM (höger + vänster + båda händer), ger ett intervall på 5,6 pinnar för höger hand, 6,4 pinnar för vänster hand och 5,3 pinnar för båda händerna. Medelvärde från tre tester, test nr 1+2+3 ger ett intervall på 4,8 pinnar för höger hand, 4,1 pinnar för vänster hand och 3,5 pinnar för båda händerna. Medelvärde från fem tester, 1+2+3+4+5 ger ett intervall på 4,0 pinnar för höger hand, 2,8 pinnar för vänster hand och 3,8 pinnar för båda händerna. Genom att utöka metoden från en till tre tester uppnås en förbättring av reliabiliteten med närmare två pinnar i genomsnitt vilket ger ett acceptabelt Limits of agreement på mellan tre och en halv pinne (båda händer) till knappt fem pinnar (höger hand). Fyra mätningar ger en ytterligare förbättring av reliabiliteten på ca en halv pinne medan fem mätningar inte ger någon förbättring
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bergfeldt, Lennart, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Non-invasive electrophysiological differences between women and men:differences in body size not an explanation.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6135 .- 1522-1539. ; 323:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are numerous sex-related differences in cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmia propensity but very little knowledge about the reasons. Difference in body size has been proposed as one reason and was tested in this study of >20 cardiac electrophysiology parameters in 319 (158 women) apparently healthy 50-64 years old subjects from a randomly enrolled population sample, the SCAPIS pilot study (Swedish CArdio-Pulmonary bioImaging Study), using Frank vectorcardiography. We studied conventional conduction intervals, parameters reflecting electrical heterogeneity (dispersion) in the ventricles, QRS- and T-vector directions, spatial QRS-T angles, and T-vector loop morphology. Body surface area (BSA; two methods) and lean body mass (LBM), both estimated from body weight and height, were used as body size parameters. According to multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for sex, there was no association between electrophysiological parameters and body size apart from QRS duration and QRSarea. In conclusion, most electrophysiological parameters assessed completely non-invasively and showing statistically significant differences between women and men on the group level show no association with BSA or LBM. Scaling (indexing) the electrophysiological parameters for body size parameters are therefore not an option. As a consequence, the explanation for the sex-related electrophysiological differences should be sought along other lines.
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| 4. |
- Lundström, Ronnie, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effect of hand-arm vibration on thermotactile perception thresholds
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1745-6673. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Occupational exposure to hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) is known to cause neurological symptoms such as numbness, reduced manual dexterity, grip strength and sensory perception. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to compare thermotactile perception thresholds for cold (TPTC) and warmth (TPTW) among vibration exposed manual workers and unexposed white collar workers during a follow-up period of 16 years to elucidate if long-term vibration exposure is related to a change in TPT over time. Methods: The study group consisted of male workers at a production workshop at which some of them were exposed to HTV. They were investigated in 1992 and followed-up in 2008. All participants were physically examined and performed TPT bilaterally at the middle and distal phalanges of the second finger. Two different vibration exposure dosages were calculated for each individual, i.e. the individual cumulative lifetime dose (mh/s2) or a lifetime 8-h equivalent daily exposure (m/s(2)). Results: A significant mean threshold difference was found for all subjects of about 4-5 degrees C and 1-2 degrees C in TPTW and TPTC, respectively, between follow-up and baseline. No significant mean difference in TPTC between vibration exposed and non-exposed workers at each occasion could be stated to exist. For TPTW a small but significant difference was found for the right index finger only. Age was strongly related to thermotactile perception threshold. The 8-h equivalent exposure level (A (8)) dropped from about 1.3 m/s2 in 1992 to about 0.7 m/s(2) in 2008. Conclusions: A lifetime 8-h equivalent daily exposure to hand-transmitted vibration less than 1.3 m/s(2) does not have a significant effect on thermotactile perception. Age, however, has a significant impact on the change of temperature perception thresholds why this covariate has to be considered when using TPT as a tool for health screening.
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| 5. |
- Noor Baloch, Adnan, et al.
(författare)
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Disability pension among gynaecological cancer survivors with or without radiation-induced survivorship syndromes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Cancer Survivorship. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1932-2259 .- 1932-2267. ; 16, s. 834-843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Gynaecological cancer patients treated with external radiation therapy to the pelvis may face long-lasting and long-term gastrointestinal syndromes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between such radiation-induced survivorship syndromes and disability pension among gynaecological cancer survivors treated with pelvic radiation therapy. Methods: This prospective register study included gynaecological cancer survivors (n=247) treated during 1991–2003, alive at the time of the study, and <65 years of age. In 2006, they completed a postal questionnaire measuring patient-reported outcomes. The self-reported data were linked to the national register on disability pensions. Relative risks and risk differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of being granted a disability pension were estimated using log-binomial regression. Results: Gynaecological cancer survivors with gastrointestinal syndromes had a higher risk of disability pension than survivors without such syndromes. Survivors with blood discharge syndrome had a 2.0 (95% CI 1.3–3.2) times higher risk of disability pension than survivors without blood discharge syndrome. The relative risk among survivors with urgency syndrome was 1.9 (1.3–2.9) and for leakage syndrome, 2.1 (1.4–3.1). Adjusting for age did not affect our interpretation of the results. Conclusions: Gynaecological cancer survivors with a specific radiation-induced survivorship syndrome have a higher risk of disability pension than survivors without that specific syndrome. Implications for Cancer Survivors: The findings highlight the need for more awareness and knowledge regarding the potential role of radiation-induced survivorship syndromes for continuing work among gynaecological cancer survivors. Work-life-related parameters should be considered during radiotherapy and rehabilitation after treatment.
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| 6. |
- Noor Baloch, Adnan
(författare)
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Epidemiological aspects of health and work ability in the Swedish workforce
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Many working-age individuals suffer from health issues, impacting their work ability and potentially leading to early workforce exit. More understanding of individual and occupational factors influencing work ability and the use of machine learning techniques in occupational health research is needed. Aim: This thesis aims to describe and investigate the effect of health and work environment factors on work ability. In addition, it seeks to compare different statistical and machine learning methods for predicting work ability among workers by using demographic and work environment data. Methods: Study I and II used data from 247 working-age gynecological cancer survivors to study if and how gastrointestinal syndromes influence the likelihood of disability pension. Study I utilized log-binomial regression, and Study II used counterfactual-based mediation analysis methods. Study III used multiple mediation analysis to investigate stress's long-term impact on work ability among 1432 young adults. Study IV compared the predictive performance of logistic regression with machine learning techniques among 6302 workers with musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: In Study I, an increased risk of disability pension was found for survivors with radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. However, Study II showed that this increased risk is mediated via different aspects of self-assessed quality of life, including global physical health, physical strength, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with sleep. Study III indicated that the association between perceived stress (at baseline) and work ability among young adults was mediated by stress five years later, feelings of control over one’s personal life, work demands affecting personal life, and feeling well-rested upon waking. In Study IV, all machine learning techniques exhibited strong performance, with Extreme Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting Machines performing best. The calibration varied across techniques. Conclusion: There exists a complex relationship between health and work ability. Radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome influences the self-reported quality of life and disability pension, where quality of life mediates part of the gastrointestinal syndrome’s effect on disability pension. Occupational factors mediate the impact of perceived stress on work ability in young adults. Also, feelings of control over personal life are important for maintaining work ability in young adults with stress complaints. The performance of multivariable logistic regression, which utilizes clinically relevant predictors, is comparable to that of sophisticated machine learning algorithms when it comes to predicting disability pensions.
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| 7. |
- Noor Baloch, Adnan, et al.
(författare)
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Ohälsa bland undersköterskor, sjukvårdsbiträden med flerai Sverige–Statistisk rapport
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Undersköterskor, sjukvårdsbiträden m.fl. var det största (vanligaste) yrket bland kvinnorna i alla län i Sverige förutom Stockholms län & Gotlands län. Västra Götalands län hade 31 700 kvinnliga undersköterskor, sjukvårdsbiträden m.fl. och var länet med högst antal kvinnliga anställda med yrket. Undersköterskor rapporterar en högre nivå av arbetsorsakade besvär och sjukfrånvaro till följd av arbetsorsakade besvär än övriga yrken. Slutsats: Undersköterskor, sjukvårdsbiträden m.fl.rapporterar en högre nivå avfysiska arbetsorsakade besvär och sjukfrånvaro till följd av arbetsorsakade besvär än övriga yrken. De rapporterar oftare påfrestande arbetsställningar ochtung manuell hantering som orsaken till arbetsorsakade besvär.Resultaten i rapporten visar att framförallt en förbättrad fysisk arbetsmiljö kan vara en viktig åtgärd för att minska ohälsa och sjukskrivning hos undersköterskor sjukvårdbiträden m.fl.
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| 8. |
- Noor Baloch, Adnan, et al.
(författare)
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Sjukfrånvaro bland sysselsatta i Sverige till följd av arbetsorsakade besvär i rygg och arm
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet i denna studie har varit att ta fram en uppskattat antalet på sysselsatta med arbetsorsakade besvär och uppskattad siffror på sjukfrånvarodagar till följd av dessa besvär i Sverige. Metod: Studiebas var Sveriges sysselsatta befolkning, män och kvinnor mellan 16-64 år som år 2009 var drygt 4,3 miljoner. Vi har använt SCBs Arbetsorsakade besvär undersökning för år 2010,som avser arbetssituation under 2009. SCB hade ett urval på 20278 personer och 93 % (18778) valde att delta i undersökningen. Arbetsorsakade besvär undersökning består av frågor om fysisk och psykisk arbetsorsakade besvär, sjukfrånvaro och åtgärder som vidtagits efter förekomsten av arbetsorsakade besvär. Resultat: Sysselsatta med AOB i rygg-arm (AOB-RA) stod för runt 4,6 miljoner sjukfrånvaro dagar, motsvarande 52 % av sjukfrånvaro till följd av AOB. Kvinnorna stod för högre andel av sjukfrånvaro dagar, 62 % (2,9 miljoner) av sjukfrånvaro dagar till följd av AOB-RA. I alla ålderkategorier var det relativt högre andel av kvinnornas sjukfrånvarodagar jämfört med andel av deras andel hos sysselsatta med AOB-RA. En av de vanligaste besvär bland sysselsatta med Fysiska AOB (FAOB) var ländryggsbesvär. Där 42 % (273871) av sysselsatta med FAOB rapporterade ländryggsbesvär och 40 % (ca 2,7 miljon) av sjukfrånvarodagar till följd av arbetsorsakade ländryggsbesvär ensamt eller i kombinationer med andra besvär. I genomsnitt var varje manlig sysselsatta med besvär i ländrygg var borta från jobbet 6 dagar och varje kvinnlig sysselsatta med besvär i ländrygg borta 13 dagar under senaste 12 månader. Slutsats. Arbetsorsakade besvär i rygg och arm ger många sjukdagar i Sverige. Det finns stora skillnader i sjukfrånvaro mellan kvinnor och män bland sysselsatta i Sverige till följd av Arbetsorsakade besvär i rygg och arm, detta bör undersökas vidare. Beräknad sjukpenning kostnader för arbetsorsakade besvär i rygg och arm delen av kroppen under år 2009 var ca 2 118 miljoner kronor2 (1 236 miljoner kr för kvinnor och 882 miljoner kr för män).
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| 9. |
- Noor Baloch, Adnan, et al.
(författare)
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The physical and psychological aspects of quality of life mediates the effect of radiation-induced urgency syndrome on disability pension in gynecological cancer survivors.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer medicine. - 2045-7634. ; 12:16, s. 17377-17388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiation-induced fecal urgency syndrome is highly prevalent in gynecological cancer survivors. It is associated with decreased quality of life (QoL) and with disability pension. The literature remains unclear about the mediating role of physical and psychological aspects of QoL in the association between urgency syndrome and disability pension. Identifying the pathways between urgency syndrome and disability pension may help to create effective and timely interventions for increasing QoL and reducing disability pension among gynecological cancer survivors. We used patient-reported outcome measures from working-age gynecological cancer survivors (n=247) and data on their disability pension from the official register. The mediating role of physical and psychological aspects of QoL was studied by utilizing mediation analysis based on the counterfactual framework, appropriate for binary outcome, binary mediator with an exposure-mediator interaction. The total effect (TE) was divided into direct and indirect effects using single mediation analysis. Adjusted relative risks and percentage mediated (95% confidence intervals) were calculated. All statistical tests were two-sided. Urgency syndrome increased the risk of disability pension both directly and indirectly (via QoL). Satisfaction with sleep mediated half of the TE (RR=2.2 (1.1-4.1)) of urgency syndrome on disability pension. Physical health also mediated a similar proportion of the TE (RR=2.1 (1.2-3.9)). The proportions mediated were higher for physical aspects of QoL (35%-71%) than for psychological aspects (2%-47%). The investigated aspects of the self-assessed QoL of gynecological cancer survivors may play a role in these women's continuing work-life. It appears that physical health, satisfaction with sleep, psychological well-being, and other investigated aspects of QoL mediate the urgency syndrome-disability pension association.
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| 10. |
- Oliv, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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A Lower Level of Physically Demanding Work Is Associated with Excellent Work Ability in Men and Women with Neck Pain in Different Age Groups
- 2017
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Ingår i: SH@W Safety and Health at Work. - : Elsevier BV. - 2093-7911 .- 2093-7997. ; 8:4, s. 356-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 The Authors. Background: The aim of this study was to investigate which physical and psychosocial work demands were associated with excellent work ability in individuals with neck pain, and to investigate age and sex differences in these associations. Methods: The study sample was obtained from the Statistics Sweden cross-sectional Work Environment survey and consisted of workers who reported neck pain after work (N = 3,212). Results: The findings showed an association between excellent work ability and self-reported low exposure to lifting, twisted work posture, working with hands in shoulder level or higher, and leaning forward without support and combination of exposures containing these work demands. Low exposure to seated work and high demands showed a reversed association. The associations were present mainly among older workers and were generally stronger for men than for women. Conclusion: This study indicates that a lower level of physically demanding work is an important element to maintain excellent work ability, especially for the older worker with neck pain.
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| 11. |
- Oliv, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Important work demands for reducing sickness absence among workers with neck or upper back pain: a prospective cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The aim of this study was to investigate what exposure to work demands, physical and psychosocial, is associated with lower levels of sickness absence among workers with neck or upper back pain in different groups, by age, gender, duration of sickness absence and work ability score. Methods This study was a prospective study of 4567 workers with neck or upper back pain. Data on neck or upper back pain, work demand and work ability were obtained from the Swedish Work Environment survey over a 3-year period (2009-2013). Register data on sickness absence, 1 year after each survey was conducted, were obtained from the Swedish health insurance database. Analyses were performed to estimate the association between self-reported work demands and registered sick days > 14 days. The analyses were stratified for gender, age group and work ability score. Results Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting low exposure to lifting >= 15 kg and twisted or forward-leaning work postures. Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting high work control and seated work. The associations were generally stronger in the older age groups for the physical work demands. Conclusions The findings in this study suggest that certain physical work demands and having high control over one's work can result in lower sickness absence, especially among middle-aged and older workers with neck or upper back pain.
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| 12. |
- Oliv, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The Quick Exposure Check (QEC) - Inter-rater reliability in total score and individual items
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870. ; 76, s. 32-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of musculoskeletal disorders has been linked to various risk factors in the work environment including lifting heavy loads, machine and materials handling, work postures, repetitive work, work with handheld vibrating tools, and work stress. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC) was designed to assess exposure to work-related musculoskeletal risk factors affecting the back, shoulder/arm, wrist/hand, and neck. We investigated the inter-rater reliability of the summary scores and individual items of the QEC by comparing two simultaneous assessments of 51 work tasks, performed by 14 different workers. The work tasks were mainly "light" to "moderately heavy". For total scores, the level of disagreement for shoulder/arm had a Relative Position of 0.13 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.23) and no statistically significant random disagreement. Percentage agreement was 63-100% for individual items and 71-88% for total score. Weighted Kappa of agreement for the individual items rated by the assessors were 0.94-0.77; highest for back motion, and lowest for wrist/hand position. The Swedish translation of the Quick Exposure Check has moderate to very good inter-rater reliability with fair to slight levels of systematic disagreement. There was no statistically significant random disagreement.
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| 13. |
- Thomée, Sara, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Test av ett datoriserat uppmärksamhetstest: Påverkar språket resultaten? En jämförelse av amerikansk originalversion och svensk version av IVA
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IVA+Plus Inte grated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA+) är ett amerikanskt dator iserat test som mäter auditiv och visuell uppmärksamhet. I samband med forskningsprojektet GODA testades försökspersoner och deras kontroller med ett IVA+ som anpassats till svenska. Preliminära resultat i studien tydde på en snedfördelning mellan auditiva och visuella delskalor. En studie genomfördes därför med syfte att jämföra den amerikanska originalversionen och den svenska anpassade versionen. Tjugosju personer i åldrarna 18 - 60 år testades med IVA+ två gånger med 7 - 20 dagars mellanrum (mv 8,08), ena gången med den amerikanska originalversionen och andra gången med den svenska versionen. Hälften började med den amerikanska och hälften med den svenska versionen. De två språkversionerna skiljde sig åt genom att auditiv responstid var något snabbare i d en svenska versionen (33 ms). Desto större skillnader framkom dock mellan auditiv och visuell responstid inom både den amerikanska och den svenska versionen av IVA+. Auditiv responstid var i båda språkversionerna mer än 1 standardavvikelse bättre än det no rmerade genomsnittet, medan visuell responstid låg nära förväntat värde. Skillnader framkom också i ytterligare några subskalor. Det visade sig i kontakt med testförlaget BrainTrain Inc, att det varit känt sedan 2011 att den svenska ljudfilen var något sna bb och att detta hade korrigerats för i senare versioner av testet. Genom att lägga till 31 ms till de auditiva responserna i vårt dataset kunde skillnaderna mellan språkversionerna jämnas ut. Oavsett detta, tycks både originalversionen och den anpassade s venska versionen av IVA+ ha innehållit ett systematiskt fel som ger ett bättre än förväntat resultat avseende auditiv snabbhet vid våra datainsamlingar. Bl a testledareffekt och selektionsbias diskuteras som tänkbara förklaringar till resultaten. Mest sann olikt är dock att något i tekniken påverkar resultaten, t ex genom en felklockning av stimuli och/eller respons. Detta gör att de standardiserade normerna knappast kan tillämpas på den insamlade datan. På grund av osäkerheten i vad felet består krävs stor försiktighet även vid framtida datainsamling och särskilt vid klinisk tillämpning av testresultaten. I forskningsstudier bör det vara mindre problematiskt så länge testningarna används för att jämföra grupper eller för att göra för - och eftermätningar för att t ex utvärdera en intervention, dvs där resultaten kan vara oberoende av normeringen. Det är dock troligtvis viktigt att samma hård - och mjukvara används till samtliga testningar.
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| 14. |
- van Schaaijk, Art, et al.
(författare)
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Mediating Factors for the Relationship between Stress and Work Ability over Time in Young Adults.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 17:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress can affect work ability. The aim of this study was to identify how this pathway is mediated over time in young adults. Participants of the Work Ability in Young Adults cohort were selected. A theoretical framework was built, which lead to a statistical model. Selected dimensions of mediators were recovery, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life, and physical activity in leisure time. A quadruple serial mediation model was built with four mediators. The total effect of stress on work ability was -0.3955, 95% CI [-0.4764, -0.3146]. The total indirect effect amounted to 81% with an effect of -0.3182, 95% CI [-0.3750, -0.2642]. The relationship between stress and Work Ability Score five years later in young adults was mediated by stress five years later, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life and feeling well-rested upon waking. These results indicate that work demands affecting private life and feelings of control over private life are important mediators of the relationship between stress and work ability in young adults. A well-balanced relationship between work and private life can counteract the influence of stress on work ability in this age group.
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