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- Soderberg, P., et al.
(författare)
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Virtual cataract surgery : Clinical evaluation
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 4951, s. 62-66
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We have developed a simulator for phacoemulsification cataract extraction. In the current project, modules for clinical evaluation were developed. The system was structured into a processing computer and an administrator interface and a trainee interface. The simulation is defined by administrator adjustable parameters and trainee adjustable parameters. The parameters may be categorized as session characteristic parameters, patient characteristic parameters and trainee characteristic parameters. The simulation is measured in variables. Further an air bubble generator was created. We believe that simulator training in future will be required for becoming cataract surgeons.
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- Davitt, C. J. H., et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-galactosylceramide enhances mucosal immunity to oral whole-cell cholera vaccines
- 2019
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Ingår i: Mucosal Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1933-0219. ; 12, s. 1055-1064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) that results in 3–4 million cases globally with 100,000–150,000 deaths reported annually. Mostly confined to developing nations, current strategies to control the spread of cholera include the provision of safe drinking water and improved sanitation and hygiene, ideally in conjunction with oral vaccination. However, difficulties associated with the costs and logistics of these strategies have hampered their widespread implementation. Specific challenges pertaining to oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) include a lack of safe and effective adjuvants to further enhance gut immune responses, the complex and costly multicomponent vaccine manufacturing, limitations of conventional liquid formulation and the lack of an integrated delivery platform. Herein we describe the use of the orally active adjuvant α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) to strongly enhance intestinal bacterium- and toxin-specific IgA responses to the OCV, Dukoral ® in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. We further demonstrate the mucosal immunogenicity of a novel multi-antigen, single-component whole-cell killed V. cholerae strain and the enhancement of its immunogenicity by adding α-GalCer. Finally, we report that combining these components and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit in the SmPill ® minisphere delivery system induced strong intestinal and systemic antigen-specific antibody responses. © 2019, The Author(s).
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| 11. |
- Herbertsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Mason type IV fractures of the elbow A 14-TO 46-Year Follow-up Study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: British Volume. - 2044-5377. ; 91B:11, s. 1499-1504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 14 women and seven men with a mean age of 43 years (18 to 68) who sustained a Mason type IV fracture of the elbow, without an additional type II or III coronoid fracture, were evaluated after a mean of 21 years (14 to 46). Primary treatment included closed elbow reduction followed by immobilisation in a plaster in all cases, with an additional excision of the radial head in 11, partial resection in two and suturing of the annular ligament in two. Delayed radial head excision was performed in two patients and an ulnar nerve transposition in one. The uninjured elbows served as controls. Nine patients had no symptoms, 11 reported slight impairment, and one severe impairment of the elbow. Elbow flexion was impaired by a mean of 3 degrees (SD 4) and extension by a mean of 9 degrees (SD 4) (p < 0.01). None experienced chronic elbow instability or recurrent dislocation. There were more degenerative changes in the formerly injured elbows, but none had developed a reduction in joint space. We conclude that most patients with a Mason type IV fracture of the elbow report a good long-term outcome.
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| 12. |
- Khosravi, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Wetting and film formation of wheat gluten dispersions applied to wood substrates as particle board adhesives
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Polymer Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-3057 .- 1873-1945. ; 67, s. 476-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wetting, penetration, and film formation of wheat gluten dispersions on porous wood substrates have been studied using different microscopy techniques. The effect variation of wheat gluten concentration, processing temperatures, dispersion composition, and the application scheme has been studied. The results have been correlated to previously obtained results on the function of wheat gluten dispersions as adhesive binders for particle boards. The results show that the dispersions readily penetrate the porous wood substrate and that the key parameters for a successful gluing are the dispersion viscosity, concentration, and the application scheme.
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| 13. |
- Lagerquist, Marie K, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of Mature B Cells and Immunoglobulins Results in Increased Trabecular Bone
- 2022
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Ingår i: Jbmr Plus. - : Wiley. - 2473-4039. ; 6:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammation has a significant effect on bone remodeling and can result in bone loss via increased stimulation of osteoclasts. Activated immunoglobulins, especially autoantibodies, can increase osteoclastogenesis and are associated with pathological bone loss. Whether immunoglobulins and mature B lymphocytes are important for general bone architecture has not been completely determined. Here we demonstrate, using a transgenic mouse model, that reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins leads to increased trabecular bone mass compared to wild-type (WT) littermate controls. This bone effect is associated with a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and reduced bone resorption, despite decreased expression of osteoprotegerin. We also demonstrate that the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins do not prevent bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency or arthritis compared to WT littermate controls. In conclusion, the reduction of mature B cells and immunoglobulins results in disturbed regulation of trabecular bone turnover in healthy conditions but is dispensable for pathological bone loss. (c) 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- Nordqvist, A., et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of metal droplets sampled during top lance blowing
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ironmaking & steelmaking. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0301-9233 .- 1743-2812. ; 36:6, s. 421-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laboratory trials were performed in an induction furnace to study droplet formation during lance blowing. Oxygen was blown on a molten iron bath consisting of iron alloyed with carbon and silicon. Iron droplets were collected using a specially designed sampler. The average iron droplet composition and the oxide layer thickness were determined using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersed spectroscopy. In addition, the concentration gradient of elements was determined using electron probe microanalysis. It should be noted that a special technique had to be developed in order to prepare the droplet sample. The size distribution and composition of the droplets were also determined using the microprobe. The carbon was found to be homogeneously distributed throughout the droplet independently of the size of the droplet. For the experiments using both carbon and silicon it was found that the silicon in most droplets could be found in the periphery of the droplets. It was also found that the tendency was that both the carbon content as well as the silicon content in the droplets decreased with a decreased droplet size. Thus, it was concluded that it is necessary to modify top blown decarburisation processes so that a maximum area between droplet and atmosphere is obtained.
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| 19. |
- Norström, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Gum dispersions as environmentally friendly wood adhesives
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 52, s. 736-744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, wood adhesives are mainly prepared from petroleum-based polymers. There is an ambition to decrease the utilization of petroleum-based raw materials and introduce bio-based polymers instead. However, the utilization of bio-based polymers is often limited due to insufficient properties in terms of water resistance or heat resistance. In this study bio-based dispersions have been prepared of locust bean gum, guar gum, xanthan gum and tamarind gum and evaluated as wood adhesives. Due to the high viscosity of the dispersions, a low dry solids content of 6. wt% was used. The film forming properties have been investigated and contact-angle measurement have been performed to obtain an indication of water resistance. Wood substrates have been bonded together and the bonding performance has been evaluated with different techniques. The gum dispersions have been compared with a commercial poly(vinyl acetate)-based wood adhesive and the results demonstrate that gums can be used as binders for wood adhesives. Locust bean gum dispersions show remarkable results - comparable to the commercial wood adhesive - even though the dry solids content is very low. The locust bean gum dispersion fulfills the D2 and WATT 91 requirements for wood adhesives according to the European Standard EN 204 and European Standard EN 14257.
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| 22. |
- Tillander, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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A virtual reality trauma simulator
- 2004
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Ingår i: Medical teacher. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0142-159X .- 1466-187X. ; 26:2, s. 189-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors have evaluated a trauma simulator based on virtual reality techniques. Ten surgeons and 15 medical students performed distal locking of a femoral nail (A). Furthermore, 10 medical students performed simulated osteosynthesis of a femoral neck fracture (B). Total surgery time (A) (mean value) was shorter for surgeons (108 s) compared with students (157 s) at the first (p = 0.033), second (102 respectively 138 s, p = 0.13) and third (96 respectively 160 s, p = 0.15) operation. Total fluoroscopy time (A) (mean value) was shorter for surgeons compared with students at the first (45 respectively 89s p = 0.001), second (48 respectively 83 s, p = 0.02) and third (50 respectively 107 s, p = 0.10) operation. The positioning of the hip nails (B) improved between the first and last trial. Total surgery and fluoroscopy time were reduced. All participants thought that this and similar simulators should be part of the programme and that this simulator would be helpful if they were about to learn the procedures).
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| 23. |
- von Beckerath, Mathias P., 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome of primary treatment of early laryngeal malignancies using photodynamic therapy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 134:8, s. 852-858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a viable and safe option for early laryngeal cancer that would be less suitably treated with radiation or trans-oral laser surgery (TLS). The cure rates with PDT appear to be comparable to those of conventional therapy, and the voice outcomes are also comparable. In the case of many sarcomas, PDT appears to be an organ- and function-sparing therapy, although it is more costly than other treatments.Objectives: The aim of this study was to show the results of PDT when it is used as a primary treatment of early laryngeal cancer. Methods: We studied the results of PDT when used as a primary treatment. We looked at survival, effect on tumor, side effects, voice, and costs.Results: The follow-up period was a median of 59 months. Nine of 10 patients were cured of their laryngeal cancer. PDT alone cured seven patients. All four of the sarcomas were cured using temoporfin. Two of three tumors that involved the anterior commissure were cured using only interstitial illumination with PDT. No serious side effects were noted. The patient's voices were improved after treatment in 5 of 10 cases, and none had a worsened voice.
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| 25. |
- Zeng, Lunjie, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between Electrical Transport and Nanoscale Strain in InAs/In0.6Ga0.4As Core-Shell Nanowires
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 18:8, s. 4949-4956
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free-standing semiconductor nanowires constitute an ideal material system for the direct manipulation of electrical and optical properties by strain engineering. In this study, we present a direct quantitative correlation between electrical conductivity and nanoscale lattice strain of individual InAs nanowires passivated with a thin epitaxial In0.6Ga0.4As shell. With an in situ electron microscopy electromechanical testing technique, we show that the piezoresistive response of the nanowires is greatly enhanced compared to bulk InAs, and that uniaxial elastic strain leads to increased conductivity, which can be explained by a strain-induced reduction in the band gap. In addition, we observe inhomogeneity in strain distribution, which could have a reverse effect on the conductivity by increasing the scattering of charge carriers. These results provide a direct correlation of nanoscale mechanical strain and electrical transport properties in free-standing nanostructures.
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