| 1. |
- Metcalfe, N. B., et al.
(författare)
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Solving the conundrum of intra-specific variation in metabolic rate: A multidisciplinary conceptual and methodological toolkit New technical developments are opening the door to an understanding of why metabolic rate varies among individual animals of a species
- 2023
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Ingår i: Bioessays. - 0265-9247. ; 45:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers from diverse disciplines, including organismal and cellular physiology, sports science, human nutrition, evolution and ecology, have sought to understand the causes and consequences of the surprising variation in metabolic rate found among and within individual animals of the same species. Research in this area has been hampered by differences in approach, terminology and methodology, and the context in which measurements are made. Recent advances provide important opportunities to identify and address the key questions in the field. By bringing together researchers from different areas of biology and biomedicine, we describe and evaluate these developments and the insights they could yield, highlighting the need for more standardisation across disciplines. We conclude with a list of important questions that can now be addressed by developing a common conceptual and methodological toolkit for studies on metabolic variation in animals.
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| 6. |
- S. Zamith, V. Blanchet, B. Girard, J. Norin, J. Mauritsson, A. l'Huillier, J. Andersson, S. L. Sorensen, I. Hjelte, O. Björneholm and D. Gauyacq
(författare)
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The predissociation of highly excited states in acetylene by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. ; :119, s. 3763-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Best, Jonathan G., et al.
(författare)
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Optimal timing of anticoagulation after acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation (OPTIMAS) : Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Stroke. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-4930 .- 1747-4949. ; 17:5, s. 583-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Atrial fibrillation causes one-fifth of ischemic strokes, with a high risk of early recurrence. Although long-term anticoagulation is highly effective for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, initiation after stroke is usually delayed by concerns over intracranial hemorrhage risk. Direct oral anticoagulants offer a significantly lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage than other anticoagulants, potentially allowing earlier anticoagulation and prevention of recurrence, but the safety and efficacy of this approach has not been established. Aim: Optimal timing of anticoagulation after acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation (OPTIMAS) will investigate whether early treatment with a direct oral anticoagulant, within four days of stroke onset, is as effective or better than delayed initiation, 7 to 14 days from onset, in atrial fibrillation patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods and design: OPTIMAS is a multicenter randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome adjudication. Participants with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation eligible for anticoagulation with a direct oral anticoagulant are randomized 1:1 to early or delayed initiation. As of December 2021, 88 centers in the United Kingdom have opened. Study outcomes: The primary outcome is a composite of recurrent stroke (ischemic stroke or symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage) and systemic arterial embolism within 90 days. Secondary outcomes include major bleeding, functional status, anticoagulant adherence, quality of life, health and social care resource use, and length of hospital stay. Sample size target: A total of 3478 participants assuming event rates of 11.5% in the control arm and 8% in the intervention arm, 90% power and 5% alpha. We will follow a non-inferiority gatekeeper analysis approach with a non-inferiority margin of 2 percentage points. Discussion: OPTIMAS aims to provide high-quality evidence on the safety and efficacy of early direct oral anticoagulant initiation after atrial fibrillation-associated ischemic stroke. Trial registrations: ISRCTN: 17896007; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03759938
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| 9. |
- Descamps, D, et al.
(författare)
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Extreme ultraviolet interferometry measurements with high-order harmonics
- 2000
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Ingår i: Optics Letters. - 0146-9592. ; 25:2, s. 135-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate that high-order harmonics generated by short, intense laser pulses in gases provide an interesting radiation source for extreme ultraviolet interferometry, since they are tunable, coherent, of short pulse duration, and simple to manipulate. Harmonics from the 9th to the 15th are used to measure the thickness of an aluminum layer. The 11th harmonic is used to determine the spatial distribution of the electron density of a plasma produced by a 300-ps laser. Electronic densities higher than 2-10(20) electrons/cm(3) are measured. (C) 2000 Optical Society of America. OCIS codes: 190.0190, 190.4160, 190.7110, 120.3180, 140.7240, 350.4500.
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| 14. |
- Gustavsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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First observations of X-mode suppression of O-mode HF enhancements at 6300 angstrom
- 2009
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 36, s. L20102-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present observations of radio induced optical emissions from a HAARP experiment with simultaneous transmission in X and O-mode. The additional transmission of X-mode with a frequency 700 kHz higher than the O-mode, reduces the enhancement of the 6300 A emission. This suggests that the wave-plasma process that energizes the electrons, which excites oxygen to the O(D-1) state, is closely connected to the excitation of upper-hybrid waves, whose onset and initial growth are reduced by additional X-mode pumping. Citation: Gustavsson, B., R. Newsome, T. B. Leyser, M. J. Kosch, L. Norin, M. McCarrick, T. Pedersen, and B. J. Watkins (2009), First observations of X-mode suppression of O-mode HF enhancements at 6300 angstrom, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L20102, doi:10.1029/2009GL039421.
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| 15. |
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| 19. |
- Jansson, U, et al.
(författare)
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Low temperature epitaxial growth of metal carbides using fullerenes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Surface & Coatings Technology. - 0257-8972 .- 1879-3347. ; 142-144, s. 817-822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epitaxial transition metal carbides can be deposited at low temperatures by simultaneous evaporation of C60 and either metal e-beam evaporation or metal d.c. magnetron sputtering. Hitherto, epitaxial films of TiC, VC, NbC, MoC, W2C and WC have been deposited on MgO(100), MgO(111) and in some cases 6H- and 4H-SiC(0001). Epitaxial TiC films with a good quality have been deposited at temperatures as low as 100°C with metal sputtering, while somewhat higher temperatures (> 200°C) are required for the other metals. In general, the plasma-assisted process allows lower deposition temperatures than the co-evaporation process. Most carbides can be deposited in a wide range of compositions within their homogeneity ranges by a fine-tuning of the Me/C60 flux. However, the results suggest that the formation of free surface carbon can be a limiting factor. The processes have also been used to deposit superlattices of TiC/NbC and TiC/VC at 400-500°C as well as epitaxial ternary Tix V1-xCy films. Furthermore, epitaxial films of ternary carbides with well-controlled metal concentration profiles can be deposited at temperatures below 500°C. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Merdji, H., et al.
(författare)
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Coherence properties of high-order harmonics : Application to high-density laser-plasma diagnostic
- 2000
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Ingår i: Laser and Particle Beams. - 0263-0346. ; 18:3, s. 495-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present two interferometry schemes in the extreme ultraviolet, based on either the wave-front division of a unique harmonic beam (1st scheme) or two spatially separated, phase-locked harmonic sources (2nd scheme). In the first scheme using a Fresnel bimirror interferometer, we measure the degree of spatial coherence of the 13 th harmonic generated in xenon, as a function of different parameters. A high degree of coherence, larger than 0.5, is found for the best conditions in almost the full section of the beam. Then, we demonstrate that the second scheme can be used for interferometry measurements with an ultrahigh time resolution. The 11th harmonic is used to study the spatial variation of the electron density of a laser-produced plasma. Electronic densities higher than 2.10 20 cm -3 are measured.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Montiel I Ponsoda, Joan J., et al.
(författare)
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A novel all-vapor phase fabrication process for ytterbium-doped fibers with atomic layer deposition method
- 2013
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Ingår i: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - Washington, D.C. : Optical Society of America (OSA). - 9781557529848
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel all-vapor phase fabrication method for producing Yb-doped fibers by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in combination with the well-established modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. An MCVD soot-preform with a porous layer of SiO2 is coated with layers of Yb2O3 and Al2O3 prior to sintering, using a gas-phase ALD method. An Ybdoped fiber fabricated by this technique shows low background attenuation, uniform longitudinal Yb-doping profile, and good laser characteristics with a slope efficiency of 80%.
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| 25. |
- Montiel I Ponsoda, Joan J., et al.
(författare)
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Ytterbium-doped fibers fabricated with atomic layer deposition method
- 2012
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 20:22, s. 25085-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a new fabrication method of producing ytterbium doped fibers by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in combination with the conventional modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. An MCVD soot-preform with a porous layer of SiO2 is coated with layers of Yb2O3 and Al2O3 prior to sintering, using the gas-phase ALD method. An SEM/EDS material analysis study shows that the dopants successfully penetrate the full thickness of 320 μm of the soot layer. An Yb-doped fiber fabricated by this technique shows a background attenuation of 20 dB/km, a uniform longitudinal Yb-doping profile, and good laser characteristics with a slope efficiency of 80%. Furthermore, we present a comparison in terms of photodarkening between the MCVD-ALD fiber and a solution doped fiber, fabricated with the same MCVD recipe. The new MCVD-ALD fiber appears to be more photodarkening resistant.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Uppenberg, J, et al.
(författare)
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Crystallographic and molecular-modeling studies of lipase B from Candida antarctica reveal a stereospecificity pocket for secondary alcohols.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - 0006-2960. ; 34:51, s. 16838-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many lipases are potent catalysts of stereoselective reactions and are therefore of interest for use in chemical synthesis. The crystal structures of lipases show a large variation in the shapes of their active site environments that may explain the large variation in substrate specificity of these enzymes. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) cocrystallized with the detergent Tween 80. In another crystal form, the structure of the enzyme in complex with a covalently bound phosphonate inhibitor has been determined. In both structures, the active site is exposed to the external solvent. The potential lid-forming helix alpha 5 in CALB is well-ordered in the Tween 80 structure and disordered in the inhibitor complex. The tetrahedral intermediates of two chiral substrates have been modeled on the basis of available structural and biochemical information. The results of this study provide a structural explanation for the high stereoselectivity of CALB toward many secondary alcohols.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- BENBADIS, L, et al.
(författare)
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WORKING GROUP-VII - FOOD-PRODUCTS
- 1995
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Ingår i: MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. - 0891-060X. ; 8, s. S43-S44
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Eriksson, LarsOlov, et al.
(författare)
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Kapitlet Texten
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gud och det utvalda folket. Inledning till Gamla testamentet / LarsOlov Eriksson och Åke Viberg [red.].. - Stockholm : Verbum. - 9789152638989 ; , s. 17-29
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kapitlet behandlar Gamla testamentets text, skrivmaterial, kanon och kanonbildning, bibelöversättnin. Den har exkurser med rubrikerna Qumrantexterna, Septuaginta, textkritik i praktiken och bibelöversättning i ett svenskt perspektiv.
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| 40. |
- Fallani, M, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of the human infant intestinal microbiota after the introduction of first complementary foods in infant samples from five European centres
- 2011
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Ingår i: Microbiology (Reading, England). - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2080 .- 1350-0872. ; 157:Pt 5, s. 1385-1392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although it is well established that early infant feeding has a major influence on the establishment of the gut microbiota, very little is understood about how the introduction of first solid food influences the colonization process. This study aimed to determine the impact of weaning on the faecal microbiota composition of infants from five European countries (Sweden, Scotland, Germany, Italy and Spain) which have different lifestyle characteristics and infant feeding practices. Faecal samples were collected from 605 infants approximately 4 weeks after the introduction of first solid foods and the results were compared with the same infants before weaning (6 weeks of age) to investigate the association with determining factors such as geographical origin, mode of delivery, previous feeding method and age of weaning. Samples were analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry using a panel of 10 rRNA targeted group- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes. The genus Bifidobacterium (36.5 % average proportion of total detectable bacteria), Clostridium coccoides group (14 %) and Bacteroides (13.6 %) were predominant after weaning. Similar to pre-weaning, northern European countries were associated with a higher proportion of bifidobacteria in the infant gut microbiota while higher levels of Bacteroides and lactobacilli characterized southern European countries. As before weaning, the initial feeding method influenced the Clostridium leptum group and Clostridium difficile+Clostridium perfringens species, and bifidobacteria still dominated the faeces of initially breast-fed infants. Formula-fed babies presented significantly higher proportions of Bacteroides and the C. coccoides group. The mode of birth influenced changes in the proportions of bacteroides and atopobium. Although there were significant differences in the mean weaning age between countries, this was not related to the populations of bifidobacteria or bacteroides. Thus, although the faecal microbiota of infants after first complementary foods was different to that before weaning commenced, many of the initial influences on microbiota composition were still evident.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Högberg, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Deposition of transition metal carbides and superlattices using C-60 as carbon source
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY. - 0013-4651. ; 147:9, s. 3361-3369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin films of TiC, VC, and NbC have been deposited on MgO(001) by coevaporation of the metals and C-60 It was found that these metals induced a decomposition of the C-60 molecule and that carbide films can be formed at a temperature as low as 100 degrees
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| 45. |
- Inzunza, J, et al.
(författare)
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Germfree status of mice obtained by embryo transfer in an isolator environment
- 2005
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Ingår i: Laboratory animals. - : SAGE Publications. - 0023-6772 .- 1758-1117. ; 39:4, s. 421-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technique of embryo transfer has been evaluated for the purpose of changing the mouse stocks to a germfree (GF) status. Our results show reproducible and quality-assured conversion of animals to those which are negative for the presence of microorganisms. Rapid and easy access to GF mice is advantageous for studies of selected microflora and their cross-talks with the host, when applying, e.g. genomic, proteomic and metabolic methodology. The study involved embryo transfer in an isolator environment, thereby allowing implantation of cleansed embryos into GF recipients under well-controlled conditions. The recipient females gave birth normally and took care of the offspring as if they were their own pups, thus enhancing the survival rate. Access to full technical resources required to maintain GF isolators are, however, a prerequisite. In this study, we used stainless steel isolators designed by Gustafsson (1959), on which a stereomicroscope was mounted to facilitate embryo transfer inside the isolator. The use of embryo transfer and isolator techniques will facilitate the availability of various mouse mutant models under different gnotobiotic conditions, GF, monoxenic or polyxenic animals, to enable comparison with conventional animals for physiological and pathophysiological studies.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Li, Z. S, et al.
(författare)
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Radiative properties of neutral germanium obtained from excited-state lifetime and branching-ratio measurements and comparison with theoretical calculations
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 60:1, s. 198-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using time-resolved UV laser-induced fluorescence from a laser-produced plasma, natural radiative lifetimes have been measured for 21 levels of Ge I belonging to the odd-parity 4p4d, 4p5d, and 4p6s configurations. Stimulated Brillouin scattering in water has allowed us to compress Nd:YAG laser pulses pumping a dye laser (where YAG denotes yttrium aluminum garnet), thus yielding 1-ns tunable laser pulses to enable accurate measurements of short lifetimes. Branching ratios of Ge I have been measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, the intensity calibration being performed by means of Ar lines emitted by a hollow-cathode lamp. The experimental lifetimes and branching ratios have been combined in order to provide a set of accurate transition probabilities for the 4p-5s and 4p-4d transitions. A relativistic Hartree-Fock; calculation, taking configuration-interaction and polarization effects into account, has been combined with a least-squares optimization procedure of the Slater and spin-orbit integrals in order to test the ability of this approach to correctly predict radiative properties of the group-IV elements. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical transition probability values has been achieved for most of the transitions considered.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Lodén, M., et al.
(författare)
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Sunscreen use : controversies, challenges and regulatory aspects
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0007-0963 .- 1365-2133. ; 165:2, s. 255-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mismatches between skin pigmentation and modern lifestyle continue to challenge our naked skin. One of our responses to these challenges is the development and use of sunscreens. The management of sunscreens has to balance their protective effect against erythema, photocarcinogenesis and photoageing owing to the potential toxicity of the ultraviolet (UV) filters for humans and the environment. The protection against UV radiation offered by sunscreens was recently standardized in the European Union (EU) based on international harmonization of measurement techniques. Four different categories of sun protection have been implemented along with recommendations on how to use sunscreen products in order to obtain the labelled protection. The UV filters in sunscreens have long been authorized for use by the EU authority on the basis of data from studies on acute toxicity, subchronic and chronic toxicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, photogenotoxicity, carcinogenicity, irritation, sensitization, phototoxicity and photosensitization as well as on environmental aspects. New challenges with respect to the safety of UV filters have arisen from the banning of animal experiments for the development of cosmetics. Future debates on sunscreens are likely to focus on nanoparticles and environmental issues, along with motivation campaigns to persuade consumers to protect their skin. However, more efficient sunscreen use will also continue to raise questions on the benefit in preventing vitamin D synthesis in the skin induced by sunlight.
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