| 1. |
- Nugent, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the Quality of User Generated Data Sets for Activity Recognition
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence, UCAMI 2016, PT II. - Amsterdam : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783319487991 - 9783319487984 ; , s. 104-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is fully appreciated that progress in the development of data driven approaches to activity recognition are being hampered due to the lack of large scale, high quality, annotated data sets. In an effort to address this the Open Data Initiative (ODI) was conceived as a potential solution for the creation of shared resources for the collection and sharing of open data sets. As part of this process, an analysis was undertaken of datasets collected using a smart environment simulation tool. A noticeable difference was found in the first 1-2 cycles of users generating data. Further analysis demonstrated the effects that this had on the development of activity recognition models with a decrease of performance for both support vector machine and decision tree based classifiers. The outcome of the study has led to the production of a strategy to ensure an initial training phase is considered prior to full scale collection of the data.
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| 2. |
- Amanullah, Rahman, et al.
(författare)
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Spectra and Hubble Space Telescope Light Curves of Six Type Ia Supernovae at 0.511 < z < 1.12 and the Union2 Compilation
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 716, s. 712-738
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on work to increase the number of well-measured Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at high redshifts. Light curves, including high signal-to-noise Hubble Space Telescope data, and spectra of six SNe Ia that were discovered during 2001, are presented. Additionally, for the two SNe with z > 1, we present ground-based J-band photometry from Gemini and the Very Large Telescope. These are among the most distant SNe Ia for which ground-based near-IR observations have been obtained. We add these six SNe Ia together with other data sets that have recently become available in the literature to the Union compilation. We have made a number of refinements to the Union analysis chain, the most important ones being the refitting of all light curves with the SALT2 fitter and an improved handling of systematic errors. We call this new compilation, consisting of 557 SNe, the Union2 compilation. The flat concordance ΛCDM model remains an excellent fit to the Union2 data with the best-fit constant equation-of-state parameter w = -0.997+0.050 -0.054(stat)+0.077 -0.082(stat + sys together) for a flat universe, or w = -1.038+0.056 -0.059(stat)+0.093 -0.097(stat + sys together) with curvature. We also present improved constraints on w(z). While no significant change in w with redshift is detected, there is still considerable room for evolution in w. The strength of the constraints depends strongly on redshift. In particular, at z >~ 1, the existence and nature of dark energy are only weakly constrained by the data. Based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under the NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The observations are associated with programs HST-GO-08585 and HST-GO-09075. Based, in part, on observations obtained at the ESO La Silla Paranal Observatory (ESO programs 67.A-0361 and 169.A-0382). Based, in part, on observations obtained at the Cerro-Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO). Based on observations obtained at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Based, in part, on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory (Gemini programs GN-2001A-SV-19 and GN-2002A-Q-31). Based, in part on observations obtained at the Subaru Telescope. Based, in part, on data that were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory.
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| 3. |
- Baumgarten, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
-
Embedding Self-Awareness into Objects of Daily Life - The Smart Kettle
- 2010
-
Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Intelligent Environments. - Los Alamitos, Calif. - 9781424478361 ; , s. 34-39
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intelligent Environments on varying scales and for different purposes are slowly becoming a reality. In the near future, global smart world infrastructures will become a commodity that will support various activities of daily life at different degrees of realism. Such infrastructures have the potential to offer dedicated, context- and situation-aware information and services by simultaneously providing the next-generation of data collection, execution and service provisioning layers. One key aspect of this vision is the correct monitoring and understanding of how people interact with their environment; how they can actually benefit from the added intelligence; and finally how future services can be improved or better personalized to enhance human environment interaction as a whole. This level of intelligence is of particular relevance in the health and social care domain where person-centric services can be deployed to assist or even enable a person in performing activities of daily living. This paper discusses the concept of embedded self-aware profiles for smart devices that can be used to gain a deeper contextual understanding of their use and also discusses the emergence of a general model of Ambient Intelligence that is based on the collective existence and behavior of such smart devices. Although generic in principle, the proposed concepts have been exemplified by a distinct use case, namely a smart kettle.
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| 4. |
- Beattie, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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A Collaborative Patient-Carer Interface for Generating Home Based Rules for Self-Management
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Smart Homes and Health Telematics. - New York : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783319144238 - 9783319144245 ; , s. 93-102
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The wide spread prevalence of mobile devices, the decreasing costs of sensor technologies and increased levels of computational power have all lead to a new era in assistive technologies to support persons with Alzheimer’s disease. There is, however, still a requirement to improve the manner in which the technology is integrated into current approaches of care management. One of the key issues relating to this challenge is in providing solutions which can be managed by non-technically orientated healthcare professionals. Within the current work efforts have been made to develop and evaluate new tools with the ability to specify, in a non-technical manner, how the technology within the home environment should be monitored and under which conditions an alarm should be raised. The work has been conducted within the remit of a collaborative patient-carer system to support self-management for dementia. A visual interface has been developed and tested with 10 healthcare professionals. Results following a post evaluation of system usability have been presented and discussed.
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| 5. |
- Clark, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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LSQ13ddu : a rapidly evolving stripped-envelope supernova with early circumstellar interaction signatures
- 2020
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 492:2, s. 2208-2228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the rapidly evolving and unusual supernova LSQ13ddu, discovered by the La Silla-QUEST survey. LSQ13ddu displayed a rapid rise of just 4.8 +/- 0.9 d to reach a peak brightness of -19.70 +/- 0.02 mag in the LSQgr band. Early spectra of LSQ13ddu showed the presence of weak and narrow He I features arising from interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). These interaction signatures weakened quickly, with broad features consistent with those seen in stripped-envelope SNe becoming dominant around two weeks after maximum. The narrow He I velocities are consistent with the wind velocities of luminous blue variables but its spectra lack the typically seen hydrogen features. The fast and bright early light curve is inconsistent with radioactive Ni-56 powering but can be explained through a combination of CSM interaction and an underlying Ni-56 decay component that dominates the later time behaviour of LSQ13ddu. Based on the strength of the underlying broad features, LSQ13ddu appears deficient in He compared to standard SNe Ib.
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| 6. |
- Cleland, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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Collection of a Diverse, Naturalistic and Annotated Dataset for Wearable Activity Recognition
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops). - : IEEE. ; , s. 555-560
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with the collection of a large scale, diverse dataset for Activity Recognition. The dataset was collected by 141 undergraduate students, in a controlled environment. Students collected triaxial accelerometer data from a wearable accelerometer whilst each carrying out 3 of the 18 investigated activities, categorized into 6 scenarios of daily living. This data was subsequently labelled, anonymized and uploaded to a shared repository. This paper presents an analysis of data quality, through outlier detection and assesses the suitability of the dataset for the creation and validation of Activity Recognition models. This is achieved through the application of a range of common data driven machine learning approaches. Finally, the paper describes challenges identified during the data collection process and discusses how these could be addressed. Issues surrounding data quality, in particular, identifying and addressing poor calibration of the data were identified. Results highlight the potential of harnessing these diverse data for Activity Recognition. Based on a comparison of six classification approaches, a Random Forest provided the best classification (F-measure: 0.88). In future data collection cycles, participants will be encouraged to collect a set of “common” activities, to support generation of a larger homogeneous dataset. Future work will seek to refine the methodology further and to evaluate model on new unseen data.
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| 7. |
- Cleland, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal Placement of Accelerometers for the Detection of Everyday Activities
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 13:7, s. 9183-9200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes an investigation to determine the optimal placement of accelerometers for the purpose of detecting a range of everyday activities. The paper investigates the effect of combining data from accelerometers placed at various bodily locations on the accuracy of activity detection. Eight healthy males participated within the study. Data were collected from six wireless tri-axial accelerometers placed at the chest, wrist, lower back, hip, thigh and foot. Activities included walking, running on a motorized treadmill, sitting, lying, standing and walking up and down stairs. The Support Vector Machine provided the most accurate detection of activities of all the machine learning algorithms investigated. Although data from all locations provided similar levels of accuracy, the hip was the best single location to record data for activity detection using a Support Vector Machine, providing small but significantly better accuracy than the other investigated locations. Increasing the number of sensing locations from one to two or more statistically increased the accuracy of classification. There was no significant difference in accuracy when using two or more sensors. It was noted, however, that the difference in activity detection using single or multiple accelerometers may be more pronounced when trying to detect finer grain activities. Future work shall therefore investigate the effects of accelerometer placement on a larger range of these activities.
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| 8. |
- Cruciani, Frederico, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic annotation for human activity recognition in free living using a smartphone
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 18:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data annotation is a time-consuming process posing major limitations to the development of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems. The availability of a large amount of labeled data is required for supervised Machine Learning (ML) approaches, especially in the case of online and personalized approaches requiring user specific datasets to be labeled. The availability of such datasets has the potential to help address common problems of smartphone-based HAR, such as inter-person variability. In this work, we present (i) an automatic labeling method facilitating the collection of labeled datasets in free-living conditions using the smartphone, and (ii) we investigate the robustness of common supervised classification approaches under instances of noisy data. We evaluated the results with a dataset consisting of 38 days of manually labeled data collected in free living. The comparison between the manually and the automatically labeled ground truth demonstrated that it was possible to obtain labels automatically with an 80–85% average precision rate. Results obtained also show how a supervised approach trained using automatically generated labels achieved an 84% f-score (using Neural Networks and Random Forests); however, results also demonstrated how the presence of label noise could lower the f-score up to 64–74% depending on the classification approach (Nearest Centroid and Multi-Class Support Vector Machine).
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| 9. |
- Cruciani, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Personalized Online Training for Physical Activity monitoring using weak labels
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops). - : IEEE. - 9781538632277 ; , s. 567-572
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of smartphones for activity recognition is becoming common practice. Most approaches use a single pretrained classifier to recognize activities for all users. Research studies, however, have highlighted how a personalized trained classifier could provide better accuracy. Data labeling for ground truth generation, however, is a time-consuming process. The challenge is further exacerbated when opting for a personalized approach that requires user specific datasets to be labeled, making conventional supervised approaches unfeasible. In this work, we present early results on the investigation into a weakly supervised approach for online personalized activity recognition. This paper describes: (i) a heuristic to generate weak labels used for personalized training, (ii) a comparison of accuracy obtained using a weakly supervised classifier against a conventional ground truth trained classifier. Preliminary results show an overall accuracy of 87% of a fully supervised approach against a 74% with the proposed weakly supervised approach.
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| 10. |
- Cruciani, Federico, et al.
(författare)
-
Personalizing Activity Recognition with a Clustering based Semi-Population Approach
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 8, s. 207794-207804
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smartphone-based approaches for Human Activity Recognition have become prevalent in recent years. Despite the amount of research undertaken in the field, issues such as cross-subject variability are still posing an obstacle to the deployment of solutions in large scale, free-living settings. Personalized methods (i.e. aiming to adapt a generic classifier to a specific target user) attempt to solve this problem. The lack of labeled data for training purposes, however, represents a major barrier. This is especially the case when taking into consideration that personalization generally requires labeled data to be user-specific. This paper presents a novel personalization method combining a semi-population based approach with user adaptation. Personalization is achieved through the following. Firstly, the proposed method identifies a subset of users from the available population as best candidates for initializing the classifier to the target user. Subsequently, a semi-population Neural Network classifier is trained using data from this subset of users. The classifier’s network weights are then updated using a small amount of labeled data from the target user subsequently implementing personalization. This approach was validated on a large publicly available dataset collected in a free-living scenario. The personalized approach using the proposed method has shown to improve the overall F-score to 74.4% compared to 70.9% when using a generic non-personalized approach. Results obtained, with statistical significance being confirmed on a set of 57 users, indicate that model initialization using the semi-population approach can reduce the amount of labeled data required for personalization. As such, the proposed method for model initialization could facilitate the real-world deployment of systems implementing personalization by reducing the amount of data needed for personalization.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Falster, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2052-4463. ; 8:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of values of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 448 traits across 28,640 taxa from field campaigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and individual taxon descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised individual- and species-level measurements coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties and experimental conditions. This article provides information on version 3.0.2 of AusTraits which contains data for 997,808 trait-by-taxon combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data, which also provides a template for other national or regional initiatives globally to fill persistent gaps in trait knowledge.
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| 13. |
- Fong, Wen-fai, et al.
(författare)
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Short GRB Host Galaxies. I. Photometric and Spectroscopic Catalogs, Host Associations, and Galactocentric Offsets
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 940:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a comprehensive optical and near-infrared census of the fields of 90 short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) discovered in 2005–2021, constituting all short GRBs for which host galaxy associations are feasible (≈60% of the total Swift short GRB population). We contribute 274 new multi-band imaging observations across 58 distinct GRBs and 26 spectra of their host galaxies. Supplemented by literature and archival survey data, the catalog contains 542 photometric and 42 spectroscopic data sets. The photometric catalog reaches 3σ depths of ≳24–27 mag and ≳23–26 mag for the optical and near-infrared bands, respectively. We identify host galaxies for 84 bursts, in which the most robust associations make up 56% (50/90) of events, while only a small fraction, 6.7%, have inconclusive host associations. Based on new spectroscopy, we determine 18 host spectroscopic redshifts with a range of z ≈ 0.15–1.5 and find that ≈23%–41% of Swift short GRBs originate from z > 1. We also present the galactocentric offset catalog for 84 short GRBs. Taking into account the large range of individual measurement uncertainties, we find a median of projected offset of ≈7.7 kpc, for which the bursts with the most robust associations have a smaller median of ≈4.8 kpc. Our catalog captures more high-redshift and low-luminosity hosts, and more highly offset bursts than previously found, thereby diversifying the population of known short GRB hosts and properties. In terms of locations and host luminosities, the populations of short GRBs with and without detectable extended emission are statistically indistinguishable. This suggests that they arise from the same progenitors, or from multiple progenitors, which form and evolve in similar environments. All of the data products are available on the Broadband Repository for Investigating Gamma-Ray Burst Host Traits website.
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| 14. |
- Hallberg, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Creating dynamic groups using context-awareness
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. - Red Hook, NY : Curran Associates, Inc.. - 9781595939166 ; , s. 42-49
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the conceptual communication model of dynamic groups, that dynamically utilizes three traditional communication metaphors through the use of context-based information. Dynamic groups makes creation, management and usage of groups easy. It enables social network structures to be maintained in both virtual and face-to-face settings as well as in the combination thereof. This article defines the dynamic management of advanced contact lists which can include presence and status information, a/synchronous multimedia communication tools, and methods for structuring social networks. It also contains an initial evaluation and a proposed architecture for technical realisation.
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| 15. |
- Hallberg, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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HomeRuleML : a model for the exchange of decision support rules within smart environments
- 2007
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, 2007. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 1424411548 - 9781424411542 ; , s. 513-520
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demands for smart environments, which can help to facilitate as well as monitor independent living are increasing. With this comes a desire for decision support rules to process data recorded from such environments. However, testing and evaluating rules can be both time-consuming and indeed stressful for the inhabitants. Within this paper we propose a model, referred to as HomeRuleML, for representing decision support rules for smart environments. The motivating factor behind such a proposal is to provide a widely and freely accessible set of rules which can be openly used and exchanged within the research domain and beyond. This model has the potential to decrease the time required for deployment, and inevitability improve the inhabitants' quality of life. In the paper we explain in detail the structure of adopting this approach and also provide an indication of the typical types of software tools required for its use.
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| 16. |
- Hallberg, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Localisation of forgotten items using RFID technology
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 9th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424453788 ; , s. 310-313
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequency with which items are misplaced increases with age, leading to increased frustration and anxiety especially for those who develop cognitive impairments such as dementia. Providing ICT support to assist with relocating items can significantly contribute to sustain independent living. In this paper we present a method for locating RFID tagged items throughout a home environment. Specifically, items are located by comparing and analysing signal strength, received from tagged items, with that received from anumber of fixed location reference tags. This paper presents experiments which have been performed within a typical living environment using homogeneous and practical placement of reference tags. This is performed to consider the feasibility of RFID positioning in such environments. Results obtained indicate that the approach provides acceptable location estimation in pervasive environments with sparsely placed reference tags, however, further investigation is required to accurately quantify its value
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| 17. |
- Hallberg, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Profile management for dynamic groups
- 2009
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Ingår i: Intelligent Patient Management. - Berlin : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783642001789 ; , s. 297-313
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a growing need in supporting social networking for groups who often become isolated, such as elders living at home. In a social network people with similar diseases and ailments can find each other and share information to improve their understanding of their illness. Group communication tools can help maintain a virtual social network and provide a base for information retrieval. Nevertheless, they often lack the strengths of the social networking tools and vice versa. Within this work we have developed a new concept called dynamic groups. Dynamic groups make creation, management, and usage of groups for communication and social networking easy. Nevetheless, for this to work the profile management system is required to handle more than just user information, it is required to provide users with control over their data and offer privacy and customisation capabilities. This article presents HomeCom, a model for profile management in dynamic groups. It also presents the solutions for making queries, as well as the solutions for privacy and customisation using multiple profiles and an integrated rule engine.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Karvonen, Niklas
(författare)
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Activity recognition in resource-constrained pervasive systems
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an increasing need for personalised and context-aware services in our everyday lives and we rely on mobile and wearable devices to provide such services. Data collected from these devices includes important information about users’ movements, locations, physiological status, and environment. This data can be analysed in order to recognise users’ activities and thus provide contextual information for services. Such activity recognition is an important tool for personalising and adapting assistive services and thereby increasing the usefulness of them.This licentiate thesis focuses on three important aspects for activity recognition usingwearable, resource constrained, devices in pervasive services. Firstly, it is investigated how to perform activity recognition unobtrusively by using a single tri-axial accelerometer. This involves finding the best combination of sensor placement and machine learning algorithm for the activities to be recognized. The best overall placement was found to be on the wrist using the random forest algorithm for detecting Strong-Light, Free-Bound and Sudden-Sustained movement activities belonging to the Laban Effort Framework.Secondly, this thesis proposes a novel machine learning algorithm suitable for resource-constrained devices commonly found in wearable and pervasive systems. The proposed algorithm is computationally inexpensive, parallelizable, has a small memory footprint, and is suitable for implementation in hardware. Due to this, it can reduce battery usage, increase responsiveness, and also make it possible to distribute the machine learning task, which enables balancing computational costs against data traffic costs. The proposed algorithm is shown to have a comparable accuracy to that of more advanced machine learning algorithms mainly for datasets with two classes.Thirdly, activity recognition is applied in a personalised and pervasive service for im-proving health and wellbeing. Two monitoring prototypes and one coaching prototype were proposed for achieving positive behaviour change. The three prototypes were evaluated in a user workshop with 12 users aging between 20 and 60. Participants of the workshop believed that the proposed health and wellbeing app is something people are likely to use on a permanent basis.By applying results from this thesis, systems can be made more energy efficient andless obtrusive while still maintaining a high activity recognition accuracy. It also shows that pervasive and wearable systems using activity recognition have the potential of relieving some problems in health and wellbeing that society face today.
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| 20. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 21. |
- Kikhia, Basel
(författare)
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Supporting lifestories through activity recognition and digital reminiscence
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis discusses how lifelogging technologies can be used to build digital reminiscence systems. Lifelogging is a recent pervasive computing trend where different aspects of someone’s life are captured digitally. The aim of the proposed system is to create digital lifestories that can visualize the life of a person and provide a means for retrieving life experiences. The target users are people with mild dementia who have problems in navigating their daily life and in recalling previous events. The claim is that digital lifestories can be utilized for memory and reminiscence support as well as strengthen the bond between a person with mild dementia and his family. The main focus of the research study is about designing and developing digital reminiscence systems that can be used by people with mild dementia as aiding memory tools. Creating digital lifestories requires capturing of context data, such as places and people, and content data, such as sound and images, using pervasive lifelogging tools. The passive and continues capture of data results in the occurrence of false data and noise. For that, the system should reduce the collected data to not overload the user when reviewing the lifelogs. Another problem is that the life should be segmented in the form of activities that are searchable and accessible. Thus the collected lifelog data should be aggregated and structured into semantic activities and then represented as digital lifestories where context data can be retrieved together with related content. This licentiate thesis proposes solutions for filtering collected data to reduce the user’s efforts when reminiscing. The thesis also presents a method that uses prior knowledge of context data to improve the recognition of activities when creating the digital lifestories. In addition, locations where the user spends significant time can help in determining context parameters such as activities. This licentiate thesis proposes a novel approach that collects and clusters logged locations of the user to improve the activity recognition task. The presented approach defines possible places first, and it then identifies activities based on those places. Images, as content data, are then associated with the activities based on their timeframes so the user can review and adjust the data before saving it to his lifestory. The presented digital reminiscence system was evaluated through a field-test involving 10 people with mild dementia together with their caregivers. Healthcare professionals were also involved in the design and the evaluation of the system to improve the outcome of the study. The preliminary results indicate that the system indeed improves the quality of life for people with mild dementia, as their reminiscence processes are encouraged and that the communication with their surroundings increases in both volume and quality. The thesis shows that digital reminiscence systems, which describe life through activities, can increase the perceived quality of life for people with mild dementia. It also shows that activity recognition can be improved by using prior knowledge of context data and by automatic location clustering.
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| 22. |
- McDonald, Heather A., et al.
(författare)
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An approach for the creation of accessible and shared datasets
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. - New York : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783642353765 ; , s. 224-232
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the change in global demographics, a significant amount of research is being directed towards developing solutions to monitor and support the ageing as they perform activities of daily living. Research in this area is, however, being limited by the lack of shareable datasets available to support the development and evaluation of data driven activity recognition models. In our current work we have developed a suite of resources in an attempt to establish an openly available data repository where all datasets share a common format for the purposes of data storage. Within this paper the homeML Toolkit and the homeML Repository are presented. Results from a usability study of interactions with the toolkit, conducted by five computer science researchers are presented; the initial findings of which have been encouraging
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| 23. |
- McDonald, Heather, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Impact of the homeML Format and the homeML Suite within the Research Community
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of universal computer science (Online). - 0948-695X .- 0948-6968. ; 19:17, s. 2559-2576
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lack of a standard format to store data generated within the smart environments research domain is limiting the opportunity for researchers to share and reuse datasets. The opportunity to exchange datasets is further hampered due to the lack of an online resource to facilitate this. In our current work we have attempted to resolve these issues through the development of homeML, a proposed format to support the storage and exchange of data generated within a smart environment and the homeML suite, an online tool to support data exchange and reuse. A usability and functionality study performed by 8 unbiased members of the research community is presented and discussed. All participants in the study agreed that the homeML format could address the need for a standard format within this domain. Participants also agreed that the homeML suite would be a useful tool to be available to researchers as they perform experiments in the area of smart environments.
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| 24. |
- McDonald, Heather, et al.
(författare)
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The homeML suite : shareable datasets for smart home environments
- 2013
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Ingår i: Health and Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2190-7188 .- 2190-7196. ; 3:2, s. 177-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lack of a standard format for storing data generated within the smart environments research domain is limiting the opportunity for researchers to compare and share datasets. The opportunity to re-use and share datasets is also being limited due to lack of an online resource available to researchers. In our current work we attempt to resolve these issues through the creation of homeML, a proposed format for storing and sharing data and the development of the homeML Suite as a means of supporting the use of homeML. Within this article the latest version of homeML, version 2.2 is presented, where the 'annotationDetails' element is introduced. An extended evaluation of the homeML Suite is also discussed. A usability and functionality study was conducted by a number of experienced researchers working within the domain of smart environments. The methodology of both studies is discussed in detail. Each participant's interactions with homeML and the suite of tools is presented, the findings of which have been positive. All participants agreed that the homeML Suite would be a useful tool to be available within the research domain and they would recommend it to their fellow researchers.
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| 25. |
- Meiland, Franka J., et al.
(författare)
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COGKNOW Development and evaluation of an ICT-device for people with mild dementia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Medical and Care Compunetics 4. ; , s. 166-177
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dementia is a progressive, chronic disease affecting 5% of all persons above 65 and over 40% of people over 90. The aim of the COGKNOW project is to achieve a breakthrough with research that addresses the needs of those with dementia, particularly those with mild dementia living in the community. This entails cognitive reinforcement in four main areas: helping people to remember, helping to maintain social contact, helping with performing daily life and recreational activities and finally enhance feelings of safety. Based on a sound foundation of needs reported in dementia literature, workshops and individual interviews have been carried out with dementia sufferers and their carers in three European countries. A ranked analysis of information from workshops and interviews, and the state of the art of successful ICT solutions will be the basis for formulating the functionalities of the technical solution and for the development of a cognitive prosthetic device with associated services for people with mild dementia. The research and evaluation will be conducted from human factors, technology, and business perspectives in three phases of one year each. In this paper we discuss the design of the COGKNOW project, the first results of the user needs inquiry workshops and the ICT solutions the COGKNOW project will focus on in the first year.
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| 26. |
- Meiland, Franka J., et al.
(författare)
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COGKNOW: Development of an ICT device to support people with dementia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal on Information Technology in Healthcare. - 1479-649X. ; 5:5, s. 324-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop a successful user-validated cognitive prosthetic device with associated services to help persons with mild dementia.Setting: The ICT solution will be developed by a consortium of eleven institutes in eight countries in Europe. It will be tested and evaluated by users (persons with dementia and their carers) in 3 European cities - Amsterdam, Belfast and Luleå.Methods: To identify and analyse the needs of persons with dementia, workshops and interviews were conducted with Alzheimer patients suffering from mild dementia, and their carers in three European cities. A literature search was also performed to identify existing proven effective ICT solutions for persons with dementia.Results: The most important needs and the most preferred ICT solutions identified by participants were (i) Activity reminders e.g. for eating meals; (ii) Item locators; (iii) Picture dialling to keep in contact with family and friends; (iv) Support for pleasure activities; (v) Enhancement of feelings of safety. Conclusion: Based on the needs identified, a prototype solution will be built, tested and modified as an iterative process. The device will ultimately be evaluated to see if it can enhance feelings of autonomy and quality of life of persons with dementia.
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| 27. |
- Mulvenna, Maurice, et al.
(författare)
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Towards sustainable business models from healthcare technology research
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Computers in Healthcare (IJCIH). - : InderScience Publishers. - 1755-3199 .- 1755-3202. ; 1:1, s. 20-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As demographic ageing impacts across the world, health and welfare organisations are seeking new paradigms of care that address people's needs as well as being inherently more scalable than the incumbent processes and services. The aim of this paper is to describe the current situation in Europe with information on service provision, before signposting some possible new ways to develop sustainable business models that support care models. The paper uses a case study approach to examine the issues in the introduction of such business models, from a perspective of the translation of research proof of concepts into business services and from the perspective of developing innovations from research that address unmet or poorly considered needs of user. The paper shows how several innovative European projects are anticipating the need for service change and are designing their research outcomes to match the needs of service commissioners more fully. The conclusion discusses several different approaches before drawing together strands of the work and providing tentative recommendations on the way forward to develop new inclusive technology-enhanced services in health and social care.
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| 28. |
- Mulvenna, Maurice, et al.
(författare)
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Towards sustainable business models from technology healthcare research
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Computers in Healthcare (IJCIH). - Geneve : Inderscience Enterprises Lilmited. - 1755-3199. ; 1:1, s. 43-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As demographic ageing impacts across the world, health and welfare organisations are seeking new paradigms of care that address people’s needs as well as being inherently more scalable than the incumbent processes and services. The aim of this paper is to describe the current situation in Europe with information on service provision, before signposting some possible new ways to develop sustainable business models that support care models. The paper uses a case study approach to examine the issues in the introduction of such business models, from a perspective of the translation of research proof of concepts into business services and from the perspective of developing innovations from research that address unmet or poorly considered needs of user. The paper shows how several innovative European projects are anticipating the need for service change and are designing their research outcomes to match the needs of service commissioners more fully. The conclusion discusses several different approaches before drawing together trands of the work and providing tentative recommendations on the way forward to develop new inclusive technology-enhanced services in health and social care.
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| 29. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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An initiative for the creation of open datasets within pervasive healthcare
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th EAI International Conference onPervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare. - : ICST, the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. - 9781631900518 ; , s. 318-321
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper issues surrounding the collection, annotation, management and sharing of data gathered from pervasive health systems are presented. The overarching motivation for this work has been to provide an approach whereby annotated data sets can be made readily accessible to the research community in an effort to assist the advancement of the state-of-the-art in activity recognition and behavioural analysis using pervasive health systems. Recommendations of how this can be made a reality are presented in addition to the initial steps which have been taken to facilitate such an initiative involving the definition of common formats for data storage and a common set of tools for data processing and visualization.
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| 30. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the impact of individual sensor reliability within smart living environments
- 2008
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference onAutomation Science and Engineering. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424420223 ; , s. 685-690
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential of smart living environments to provide a form of independent living for the ageing population is becoming more recognised. These environments are comprised of sensors which are used to assess the state of the environment, some form of information management to process the sensor data and finally a suite of actuators which can be used to change the state of the environment. When providing a form of support which may impinge upon the well being of the end user it is essential that a high degree of reliability can be maintained. Within this paper we present an information management framework to process sensor based data within smart environments. Based on this framework we assess the impact of sensor reliability on the classification of activities of daily living. From this assessment we show how it is possible to identify which sensors within a given set of experiments can be considered to be the most critical and as such consider how this information may be used to propose a set of guidelines which may be adopted for managing sensor reliability from a practical point of view.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of mobile and home based cognitive prosthetics
- 2008
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Ingår i: Smart Homes and Health Telematics. - Berlin : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783540699149 ; , s. 18-25
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Those suffering from mild dementia exhibit impairments of memory, thought and reasoning. It has been recognised that the deployment of technological solutions to address such impairments may have a major positive impact on quality of life. In the current paper we present results from the CogKnow Project following the evaluation of a suite of mobile and home based cognitive prosthetics to assist persons suffering from mild dementia. The results following an evaluation of the technology conducted with 16 people with mild dementia (and their carers) across 3 different trial sites are outlined. The paper concludes with details describing the process by which the outcomes of the evaluation will be used to guide the developments of a second generation of both mobile and home based cognitive prosthetic.
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| 33. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Home-based assistive technologies for persons with mild dementia
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pervasive Computing for Quality of Life Enhancement. - Berlin : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783540730347 ; , s. 63-69
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Those suffering from mild dementia exhibit impairments of memory, thought and reasoning. It has been recognised that deployment of technological solutions to address such impairments may have a major positive impact on the quality of life and can be used to help perform daily life activities hence maintaining a level of independence. In this paper we present an overview of our current investigations into how technology can be used to improve the quality of life of the ageing person with mild dementia. Specifically, we detail the methodology adopted for our work, outline results attained from a series of workshops to identify user needs and finally present how these user needs have been mapped onto the design of home based assistive technologies.
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| 34. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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HomeCI - a visual editor for healthcare professionals in the design of home based care
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 annual international conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. - : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781424407873 ; , s. 2787-2790
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demands of introducing more practical means of managing and monitoring technology within the home environment to support independent living are increasing. Within this paper we present a prototype solution referred to as HomeCI which allows healthcare professionals to establish the conditions within which technology in the home should operate. The HomeCI concept is based on the use of visual notation and has been designed for use by persons with a non technical background. Within the paper we present the design of the first version of the HomeCI visual editor and present the results of a usability study conducted on 4 healthcare professionals.
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| 35. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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homeML - an open standard for the exchange of data within smart environments
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pervasive Computing for Quality of Life Enhancement. - Berlin : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783540730347 ; , s. 121-129
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work describes a potential solution to the problems caused by the heterogeneous nature of the data which may be collected within smart home environments. Such information may be generated at an intra- or interinstitutional level following laboratory testing or based on in-situ evaluations. We offer a solution to this problem in the form of a system/application/format independent means of storing such data. This approach will inevitably support the exchange of data within the research community and form the basis of the establishment of an openly accessible data repository. Within this abstract we present the outline design of homeML, an XML based schema for representation of information within smart homes and through exemplars demonstrate the potential of such an approach. An example of the typical type of software browser required for the data representation is also presented.
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| 36. |
- Nugent, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Remote healthcare monitoring and assessment
- 2010
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Ingår i: Basic Engineering for Medics and BiologistsUndertitel. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781607505266 ; , s. 172-184
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Remote healthcare monitoring is the process of assessing the well-being of a patient when the patient and their healthcare professional are not located together. Advances in technology, specifically medical devices, sensors and high speed fixed and wireless communication networks have made it possible to bring the assessment process to the patient, as opposed to limiting the assessment to the constraints of hospitals and doctors' surgeries. It is also possible for patients to benefit from expert consultants anywhere in the world and receive their advice, without a face-to-face meeting. We discuss these issues in the context of home based medication management and propose a technical solution using emerging technologies. This uses a base station acting as a reservoir of medication and a means to connect the patient to an Internet based care model. The following details of the system are presented; an Internet portal in the form of a web based interface to support the prescribing of medication; an interface for the pharmacist to support the filling of medication containers; a caregiver's interface that provides a means to assess the patient's adherence to their medication regimen.
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| 37. |
- Nugent, Rebecca L., et al.
(författare)
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Expression profiling of S. pombe acetyltransferase mutants identifies redundant pathways of gene regulation
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Histone acetyltransferase enzymes (HATs) are implicated in egulation of transcription. HATs from different families may overlap in arget and substrate specificity. esults: We isolated the elp3(+) gene encoding the histone cetyltransferase subunit of the Elongator complex in fission yeast and haracterized the phenotype of an Delta elp3 mutant. We examined genetic nteractions between Delta elp3 and two other HAT mutants, Delta mst2 nd Delta gcn5 and used whole genome microarray analysis to analyze heir effects on gene expression. onclusions: Comparison of phenotypes and expression profiles in single, ouble and triple mutants indicate that these HAT enzymes have verlapping functions. Consistent with this, overlapping specificity in istone H3 acetylation is observed. However, there is no evidence for verlap with another HAT enzyme, encoded by the essential mst1(+) gene.
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| 38. |
- Ortíz-Barrios, Miguel Angel, et al.
(författare)
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Simulated Data to Estimate Real Sensor Events—A Poisson-Regression-Based Modelling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing. - Basel : MDPI. - 2072-4292. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automatic detection and recognition of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) are crucial for providing effective care to frail older adults living alone. A step forward in addressing this challenge is the deployment of smart home sensors capturing the intrinsic nature of ADLs performed by these people. As the real-life scenario is characterized by a comprehensive range of ADLs and smart home layouts, deviations are expected in the number of sensor events per activity (SEPA), a variable often used for training activity recognition models. Such models, however, rely on the availability of suitable and representative data collection and is habitually expensive and resource-intensive. Simulation tools are an alternative for tackling these barriers; nonetheless, an ongoing challenge is their ability to generate synthetic data representing the real SEPA. Hence, this paper proposes the use of Poisson regression modelling for transforming simulated data in a better approximation of real SEPA. First, synthetic and real data were compared to verify the equivalence hypothesis. Then, several Poisson regression models were formulated for estimating real SEPA using simulated data. The outcomes revealed that real SEPA can be better approximated ( R2pred = 92.72 % ) if synthetic data is post-processed through Poisson regression incorporating dummy variables. © 2020 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
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| 39. |
- Ortiz-Barrios, Miguel, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Activity Duration in Smart Sensing Environments Using Synthetic Data and Partial Least Squares Regression : The Case of Dementia Patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sensors. - Basel : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 22:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accurate recognition of activities is fundamental for following up on the health progress of people with dementia (PwD), thereby supporting subsequent diagnosis and treatments. When monitoring the activities of daily living (ADLs), it is feasible to detect behaviour patterns, parse out the disease evolution, and consequently provide effective and timely assistance. However, this task is affected by uncertainties derived from the differences in smart home configurations and the way in which each person undertakes the ADLs. One adjacent pathway is to train a supervised classification algorithm using large-sized datasets; nonetheless, obtaining real-world data is costly and characterized by a challenging recruiting research process. The resulting activity data is then small and may not capture each person's intrinsic properties. Simulation approaches have risen as an alternative efficient choice, but synthetic data can be significantly dissimilar compared to real data. Hence, this paper proposes the application of Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) to approximate the real activity duration of various ADLs based on synthetic observations. First, the real activity duration of each ADL is initially contrasted with the one derived from an intelligent environment simulator. Following this, different PLSR models were evaluated for estimating real activity duration based on synthetic variables. A case study including eight ADLs was considered to validate the proposed approach. The results revealed that simulated and real observations are significantly different in some ADLs (p-value < 0.05), nevertheless synthetic variables can be further modified to predict the real activity duration with high accuracy (R2(pred)>90%). © 2022 by the authors.
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| 40. |
- Ortiz-Barrios, Miguel, et al.
(författare)
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Selecting the most suitable classification algorithm for supporting assistive technology adoption for people with dementia : A multicriteria framework
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 1057-9214 .- 1099-1360. ; 27:1-2, s. 20-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number of people with dementia (PwD) is increasing dramatically. PwD exhibit impairments of reasoning, memory, and thought that require some form of self-management intervention to support the completion of everyday activities while maintaining a level of independence. To address this need, efforts have been directed to the development of assistive technology solutions, which may provide an opportunity to alleviate the burden faced by the PwD and their carers. Nevertheless, uptake of such solutions has been limited. It is therefore necessary to use classifiers to discriminate between adopters and nonadopters of these technologies in order to avoid cost overruns and potential negative effects on quality of life. As multiple classification algorithms have been developed, choosing the most suitable classifier has become a critical step in technology adoption. To select the most appropriate classifier, a set of criteria from various domains need to be taken into account by decision makers. In addition, it is crucial to define the most appropriate multicriteria decision-making approach for the modelling of technology adoption. Considering the above-mentioned aspects, this paper presents the integration of a five-phase methodology based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution to determine the most suitable classifier for supporting assistive technology adoption studies. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to determine the relative weights of criteria and subcriteria under uncertainty and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution is applied to rank the classifier alternatives. A case study considering a mobile-based self-management and reminding solution for PwD is described to validate the proposed approach. The results revealed that the best classifier was k-nearest-neighbour with a closeness coefficient of 0.804, and the most important criterion when selecting classifiers is scalability. The paper also discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm that should be addressed in future research. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 41. |
- Soumagnac, Maayane T., et al.
(författare)
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Early Ultraviolet Observations of Type IIn Supernovae Constrain the Asphericity of Their Circumstellar Material
- 2020
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 899:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a survey of the early evolution of 12 Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn) at ultraviolet and visible light wavelengths. We use this survey to constrain the geometry of the circumstellar material (CSM) surrounding SN IIn explosions, which may shed light on their progenitor diversity. In order to distinguish between aspherical and spherical CSM, we estimate the blackbody radius temporal evolution of the SNe IIn of our sample, following the method introduced by Soumagnac et al. We find that higher-luminosity objects tend to show evidence for aspherical CSM. Depending on whether this correlation is due to physical reasons or to some selection bias, we derive a lower limit between 35% and 66% for the fraction of SNe IIn showing evidence for aspherical CSM. This result suggests that asphericity of the CSM surrounding SNe IIn is common-consistent with data from resolved images of stars undergoing considerable mass loss. It should be taken into account for more realistic modeling of these events.
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| 42. |
- Synnes, Kåre, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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H2Al : The Human Health and Activity Laboratory
- 2018
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Ingår i: <em>Proceedings</em>, 2018, UCAmI 2018. - Basel Switzerland : MDPI.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Human Health and Activity Laboratory (H2Al) is a new research facility at Luleå University of Technology implemented during 2018 as a smart home environment in an educational training apartment for nurses and therapists at the Luleå campus. This paper presents the design and implementation of the lab together with a discussion on potential impact. The aim is to identify and overcome economical, technical and social barriers to achieve an envisioned good and equal health and welfare within and from home environments. The lab is equipped with multiple sensor and actuator systems in the environment, worn by persons and based on digital information. The systems will allow for advanced capture, filtering, analysis and visualization of research data such as A/V, EEG, ECG, EMG, GSR, respiration and location while being able to detect falls, sleep apnea and other critical health and wellbeing issues. The resulting studies will be aimed towards supporting and equipping future home environments and care facilities, spanning from temporary care to primary care at hospitals, with technologies for activity and critical health and wellness issue detection. The work will be conducted at an International level and within a European context, based on a collaboration with other smart labs, such that experiments can be replicated at multiple sites. This paper presents some initial lessons learnt including design, setup and configuration for comparison of sensor placements and configurations as well as analytical methods.
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| 43. |
- Synnott, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
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Environment Simulation for the Promotion of the Open Data Initiative
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART COMPUTING (SMARTCOMP). - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE. - 9781509008988 ; , s. 246-251
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development, testing and evaluation of novel approaches to Intelligent Environment data processing require access to datasets which are of high quality, validated and annotated. Access to such datasets is limited due to issues including cost, flexibility, practicality, and a lack of a globally standardized data format. These limitations are detrimental to the progress of research. This paper provides an overview of the Open Data Initiative and the use of simulation software (IE Sim) to provide a platform for the objective assessment and comparison of activity recognition solutions. To demonstrate the approach, a dataset was generated and distributed to 3 international research organizations. Results from this study demonstrate that the approach is capable of providing a platform for benchmarking and comparison of novel approaches.
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| 44. |
- Wang, Xiaofeng, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for type ia supernova diversity from ultraviolet observations with the hubble space telescope
- 2012
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 749:2, s. 126-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and photometry of four Type Ia supernovae (SNe 2004dt, 2004ef, 2005M, and 2005cf) obtained with the UV prism of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. This data set provides unique spectral time series down to 2000 angstrom. Significant diversity is seen in the near-maximum-light spectra (similar to 2000-3500 angstrom) for this small sample. The corresponding photometric data, together with archival data from Swift Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope observations, provide further evidence of increased dispersion in the UV emission with respect to the optical. The peak luminositiesmeasured in the uvw1/F250W filter are found to correlate with the B-band light-curve shape parameter Delta m(15)(B), but with much larger scatter relative to the correlation in the broadband B band (e.g., similar to 0.4 mag versus similar to 0.2 mag for those with 0.8 mag < Delta m(15)(B) < 1.7 mag). SN 2004dt is found as an outlier of this correlation (at > 3 sigma), being brighter than normal SNe Ia such as SN 2005cf by similar to 0.9 mag and similar to 2.0 mag in the uvw1/F250W and uvm2/F220W filters, respectively. We show that different progenitor metallicity or line-expansion velocities alone cannot explain such a large discrepancy. Viewing-angle effects, such as due to an asymmetric explosion, may have a significant influence on the flux emitted in the UV region. Detailed modeling is needed to disentangle and quantify the above effects.
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| 45. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (refereegranskat)
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