| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Weeland, CJ, et al.
(författare)
-
The thalamus and its subnuclei-a gateway to obsessive-compulsive disorder
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 12:1, s. 70-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Larger thalamic volume has been found in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and children with clinical-level symptoms within the general population. Particular thalamic subregions may drive these differences. The ENIGMA-OCD working group conducted mega- and meta-analyses to study thalamic subregional volume in OCD across the lifespan. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2649 OCD patients and 2774 healthy controls across 29 sites (50 datasets) were processed using the FreeSurfer built-in ThalamicNuclei pipeline to extract five thalamic subregions. Volume measures were harmonized for site effects using ComBat before running separate multiple linear regression models for children, adolescents, and adults to estimate volumetric group differences. All analyses were pre-registered (https://osf.io/73dvy) and adjusted for age, sex and intracranial volume. Unmedicated pediatric OCD patients (<12 years) had larger lateral (d = 0.46), pulvinar (d = 0.33), ventral (d = 0.35) and whole thalamus (d = 0.40) volumes at unadjusted p-values <0.05. Adolescent patients showed no volumetric differences. Adult OCD patients compared with controls had smaller volumes across all subregions (anterior, lateral, pulvinar, medial, and ventral) and smaller whole thalamic volume (d = −0.15 to −0.07) after multiple comparisons correction, mostly driven by medicated patients and associated with symptom severity. The anterior thalamus was also significantly smaller in patients after adjusting for thalamus size. Our results suggest that OCD-related thalamic volume differences are global and not driven by particular subregions and that the direction of effects are driven by both age and medication status.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Bruin, WB, et al.
(författare)
-
Structural neuroimaging biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder in the ENIGMA-OCD consortium: medication matters
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 10:1, s. 342-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No diagnostic biomarkers are available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we aimed to identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for OCD, using 46 data sets with 2304 OCD patients and 2068 healthy controls from the ENIGMA consortium. We performed machine learning analysis of regional measures of cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume and tested classification performance using cross-validation. Classification performance for OCD vs. controls using the complete sample with different classifiers and cross-validation strategies was poor. When models were validated on data from other sites, model performance did not exceed chance-level. In contrast, fair classification performance was achieved when patients were grouped according to their medication status. These results indicate that medication use is associated with substantial differences in brain anatomy that are widely distributed, and indicate that clinical heterogeneity contributes to the poor performance of structural MRI as a disease marker.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Lagerspetz, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Pervasive Communities in the Internet of People
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, PerCom Workshops 2018. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781538632277 ; , s. 40-45
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Internet has traditionally been a device-oriented architecture where devices with IP addresses are first-class citizens, able to serve and consume content or services, and their owners take part in the interaction only through those devices. The Internet of People (IoP) is a recent paradigm where devices become proxies of their users, and can act on their behalf. To realize IoP, new policies and rules for how devices can take actions are required. The role of context information grows as devices act autonomously based on the environment and existing social relationships between their owners. In addition, the social profiles of device owners determine e.g. how altruistic or resourceconserving they are in collaborative computing scenarios. In this paper we focus on community formation in IoP, a prerequisite for enabling collaborative scenarios, and discuss main challenges and propose potential solutions. © 2018 IEEE.
|
|
| 17. |
- Nurmi, T., et al.
(författare)
-
Global interconnect analysis
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Interconnect-Centric Design for Advanced SoC and NoC. - Boston : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 9781402078354 - 9781402078361 ; , s. 55-84
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid development in deep submicron (DSM) technology makes possible to design complex billion-transistor chips. To take full advantage of increased integration density and cope with the difficulties in designing such complex systems, the emphasis of design methodology has changed from gate-level design to the exploitation of intellectual property (IP) blocks. This IP-based design is rapidly becoming the dominating design paradigm in System-on-Chip (SoC) era. IP blocks themselves are usually verified by the supplier for some technology node but the problem is how to ensure the correct performance when the IP block is integrated in the SoC or even in Network-on-Chip (NoC) environment. The problems occur in adapting the block interface into the used communication frame. The main objective is to make computation (IP blocks) and communication independent on each other. Due to increasing integration density and diminishing wire dimensions, communication using traditional SoC interconnect schemes (such as buses) does not scale up properly compared with system complexity. This leads to the communication scheme where traditional buses and their arbitration are replaced with network switches connecting various IP blocks in different network nodes to each other. Thus, a shift from SoC to NoC is predicted when system complexity scales up on chip level. Network nodes bring inherent pipelining and buffering onto system level which is important when dealing with global wires that have more resistive and inductive nature in current and future DSM technologies. Additionally, undesired transmission errors can be reduced with errorchecking, e.g. in each network node. In this case, latency may increase as a result of increased reliability. In this chapter, we first discuss parasitic modeling in the presence of crosstalk and delay modeling of global wires. Inductance issues are discussed in more detail in chapter 5 and thus we omit them here. Some possible interconnect schemes in SoC and NoC are shortly discussed. In section 3.3 we evaluate cost functions (e.g. power consumption and area) that IP blocks set for the global communication network. We present a method how to evaluate those costs in the early phase of design. By evaluating costs of those resources we can better optimize global interconnects to meet both signal and power distribution challenges. We present one case study example on the cost evaluation. Finally, in section 3.4 we apply methods and theories presented in earlier sections and optimize global interconnects to meet different constraints. The delay in global wires is optimized using repeaters that are sized properly and placed in proper distances so that the overall delay is optimized. Then we present optimal signaling having maximum throughput as a constraint. Last, we present a case study in which both power and signal distribution are simultaneously optimized. This is done by using a method called interconnect partitioning and the design constraint in this case is the maximum allowed variation of power supply levels in the power distribution network. The variation depends on the grain size of the power distribution grid and power consumption taking place in IP (or functional) blocks due to simultaneous switching of large amount of logic gates in a very short time interval.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Saliba-Gustafsson, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Subclinical atherosclerosis and its progression are modulated by PLIN2 through a feed-forward loop between LXR and autophagy
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 286:6, s. 660-675
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Hyperlipidaemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of both myocardial infarction and stroke. We have previously shown that the Pro251 variant of perilipin-2 reduces plasma triglycerides and may therefore be beneficial to reduce atherosclerosis development. Objective We sought to delineate putative beneficial effects of the Pro251 variant of perlipin-2 on subclinical atherosclerosis and the mechanism by which it acts. Methods A pan-European cohort of high-risk individuals where carotid intima-media thickness has been assessed was adopted. Human primary monocyte-derived macrophages were prepared from whole blood from individuals recruited by perilipin-2 genotype or from buffy coats from the Karolinska University hospital blood central. Results The Pro251 variant of perilipin-2 is associated with decreased intima-media thickness at baseline and over 30 months of follow-up. Using human primary monocyte-derived macrophages from carriers of the beneficial Pro251 variant, we show that this variant increases autophagy activity, cholesterol efflux and a controlled inflammatory response. Through extensive mechanistic studies, we demonstrate that increase in autophagy activity is accompanied with an increase in liver-X-receptor (LXR) activity and that LXR and autophagy reciprocally activate each other in a feed-forward loop, regulated by CYP27A1 and 27OH-cholesterol. Conclusions For the first time, we show that perilipin-2 affects susceptibility to human atherosclerosis through activation of autophagy and stimulation of cholesterol efflux. We demonstrate that perilipin-2 modulates levels of the LXR ligand 27OH-cholesterol and initiates a feed-forward loop where LXR and autophagy reciprocally activate each other; the mechanism by which perilipin-2 exerts its beneficial effects on subclinical atherosclerosis.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Ylikoski, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Simultaneous quantification of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein 2 mRNA in blood samples from patients with prostate cancer and benign disease
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - 0009-9147. ; 48:8, s. 1265-1271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Detection or quantification of circulating cancer cells has been proposed as an aid in detection and monitoring of several solid tumors. We investigated the classification accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) mRNA copy numbers in blood for the differentiation of patients with prostate cancer (PC) and benign disease. Methods: PSA and hK2 mRNA expression was studied in blood samples from 51 men with PC and 19 men with benign disease. Among the PC patients, 10 had organ-confined disease (pT1-pT2). We used a multiplexed reverse transcription-PCR assay with two highly target-like mRNA internal standards for the simultaneous quantification of PSA and hK2 mRNA. An external calibration curve covered the range of 10(2)-10(6) mRNA copies. Results: PSA and hK2 mRNA were detected in 41 of 51 (median, 1200 copies/0.5 mL of blood) and 43 of 51 (median, 3800 copies/0.5 mL of blood) patients with PC, respectively, whereas only 1 of 19 men with benign disease was positive for both mRNAs (1500 PSA and 3100 hK2 mRNA copies/0.5 mL of blood; P < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U-test). Of the 10 patients with organ-confined PC, only 3 with low Gleason scores (less than or equal to5) were negative for both PSA and hK2 (P = 0.02, Mann-Whitney U-test). Conclusions: The presence of PC cells in the blood circulation is an early event in PC progression, and quantitative assays for PSA and hK2 mRNA discriminate benign from PC cases. Further studies are needed to determine the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of the assays.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Yun, JY, et al.
(författare)
-
Corrigendum
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Brain : a journal of neurology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2156. ; 143:5, s. e44-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 26. |
- Bonomi, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Analysis of the genetic variants associated with circulating levels of sgp130. Results from the IMPROVE study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Genes and immunity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5470 .- 1466-4879. ; 21:2, s. 100-108
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genes regulating circulating levels of soluble gp130 (sgp130), the antagonist of the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis driven by interleukin 6, are largely unknown. Aims of the present study were to identify genetic loci associated with circulating sgp130 and to explore the potential association between variants associated with sgp130 and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. The study is based on IMPROVE (n = 3703), a cardiovascular multicentre study designed to investigate the determinants of carotid intima media thickness, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. Genomic DNA was genotyped by the CardioMetaboChip and ImmunoChip. About 360,842 SNPs were tested for association with log-transformed sgp130, using linear regression adjusted for age, gender, and population stratification using PLINK v1.07. A p value of 1 × 10−5 was chosen as threshold for significance value. In an exploratory analysis, SNPs associated with sgp130 were tested for association with c-IMT measures. We identified two SNPs significantly associated with sgp130 levels and 24 showing suggestive association with sgp130 levels. One SNP (rs17688225) on chromosome 14 was positively associated with sgp130 serum levels (β = 0.03 SE = 0.007, p = 4.77 × 10−5) and inversely associated with c-IMT (c-IMTmean–maxβ = −0.001 SE = 0.005, p = 0.0342). Our data indicate that multiple loci regulate sgp130 levels and suggest a possible common pathway between sgp130 and c-IMT measures.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Gannedahl, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
-
An LO Frequency Tripler with Phase Shifter and Detector in 28nm FD-SOI CMOS for 28-GHz Transceivers
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 2021 IEEE Nordic Circuits and Systems Conference, NORCAS 2021 - Proceedings. - 9781665407120
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an LO frequency multiplier and phase shifter for the 28-GHz band, implemented in 28nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. The phase control is introduced in an injection-locked oscillator, followed by an injection-locked frequency tripler. The phase of the output signal is compared with that of the input signal using a phase detector based on third harmonic mixing, enabling automatic phase tuning using low frequency detector outputs. Additionally, the phase detector can be used to detect locking of the oscillators, supporting automatic frequency tuning. A 24-30GHz sliding-IF receiver is also implemented to test the LO circuitry. Simulations show that the phase shifter achieves >360° tuning range over the full 24-30GHz span, with a gain variation of 0.11 dB or less, and that the phase detector has an rms phase error of <2.5°. The entire chip, including pads, measures 1080μm x 1080μm and consumes 27-29 mW from a 1 V supply.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
- Isoaho, J A, et al.
(författare)
-
New course on computational platforms towards nanoscale systems
- 2005
-
Ingår i: 23rd NORCHIP Conference 2005. - : IEEE. - 1424400643 - 9781424400645 ; , s. 226-229
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present an educational approach for a paradigm shift needed when changing from deep submicron CMOS designs to real nano andnanoscaletechnologies [7] in complex communication and computationsystemimplementations. Here we present an introductioncourseimplemented for starting the paradigm shift in curriculum. Here we presentcoursetargets, structure and implementation as well as future designer competence profiles. Thecourseis consisting of five thematic areas: nano-scale technologies, parallelplatforms, concurrent algorithms, reconfigurablesystemsand autonomoussystemmanagement. These thematic areas compound the core of future nanosystems educational program upgrades for current NoC curricula.
|
|
| 33. |
- Kokko, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Atomistic study of surfaces and interfaces of Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Al alloys
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physical and numerical simulation of materials processing VII. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. - 9783037857281 ; , s. 728-733
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface and interface properties of Fe-Cr, Fe-Al, and Fe-Cr-Al are studied using Exact Muffin-Tin Orbitals and Monte Carlo methods and with x-ray photoelectron and Auger electron techniques. Surface composition is investigated as a function of oxidation (heating) time. Hard x ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) is used to scan non destructively the compositions below the surface. It is found that Cr boosts the Al segregation to the surface.
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Nurmi, Bo, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
The importance of reflection : An exploratory analysis on how prospective psychotherapists learn self-determination
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Open Psychology Journal. - Sharjah : Bentham Open. - 1874-3501. ; 12:1, s. 197-204
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Learning to become a psychotherapist is a complicated process. Research on this topic has been limited and there is little consensus on how to assess therapeutic skills. SP/SR (Self-Reflection/Self-Practice) has emerged as a theory and method for learning psychotherapy. In this article students’ reflections on how to become a psychotherapist has been studied from a phenomenological perspective. Objective: The aim of the present exploratory study was to generate preliminary hypotheses for future investigations in order to elucidate the complicated processes that occur during the therapist training programs. Methods: Five prospective psychotherapists were recruited to the present investigation, who all studied at the penultimate semester at Evidens University College, Gothenburg, Sweden. Unstructured qualitative in-depth interviews were used followed by phenomenological analysis. Results: Analysis yielded 252 meaning units and 12 categories which in turn led to four overarching themes: Learning as a visit to the dentist (when learning becomes painful because certain issues are not resolved); Learning as theatre (when the students just perform what is expected in order to pass); Learning as post-training soreness (when the learning process is challenging on a relevant level); Learning as reflections (when the students seek the intrinsic meaning). Conclusion: The study provided a basis for preliminary hypotheses for future investigations: reflections are helpful for managing the challenges described in the four themes. This, in turn, led to the formulation of some proposals for research questions for future investigations. © 2019 Psychotherapist et al.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
- Nurmi, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Recurrence patterns of hyperemesis gravidarum
- 2018
-
Ingår i: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6868 .- 0002-9378. ; 219:5, s. 469.e1-469.e10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Peltola, Mari T., et al.
(författare)
-
Immunoassay for the discrimination of free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) forms with internal cleavages at Lys(145) or Lys(146) from fPSA without internal cleavages at Lys(145) or Lys(146)
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7905 .- 0022-1759. ; 369:1-2, s. 74-80
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total levels of circulating prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) are strongly associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk and outcome but benign prostate disease is the most frequent cause of a moderately elevated PSA level. Free PSA (fPSA) forms are independently associated with PCa risk and contribute modest diagnostic enhancements above and beyond tPSA alone. We developed an immunoassay for fPSA subfractions containing internal cleavages at Lys(145) or Lys(146) (fPSA-N). The assay was based on blocking intact single-chain fPSA (fPSA-I) with antibody 4D4 which does not detect PSA containing internal cleavages at Lys(145) or Lys(146). We also measured fPSA-N in blood from healthy volunteers and in anti-coagulated plasma from 76 men with or without evidence of PCa at biopsy. The analytical and functional detection limits of this assay were 0.016 ng/mL and 0.10 ng/mL, respectively. The median recovery of male fPSA-N from female plasma was 95.0%. All 12 female samples (average age 28 years) had fPSA-N concentrations at or below the analytical detection limit. The median fPSA-N concentration (0.050 ng/mL) in 9 healthy male volunteers (age <40 years) was below the functional detection limit, 0.420 ng/mL in 27 patients with benign prostate conditions and 0.239 ng/mL in 49 patients with PCa. Deming regression analysis of the patient samples showed that the measured fPSA-N concentrations were generally 23% lower than the previously calculated (fPSA minus fPSA-I) concentrations, likely due to differences in the antibody combinations used. In conclusion, we have developed a sensitive, specific and direct immunoassay for fPSA-N which can be used to study the clinical relevance of this PSA isoform. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Tasinato, Gianmassimo, et al.
(författare)
-
Loop corrections and a new test of inflation
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 87:4, s. 043512-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflation is the leading paradigm for explaining the origin of primordial density perturbations. However many open questions remain, in particular whether one or more scalar fields were present during inflation and how they contributed to the primordial density perturbation. We propose a new observational test of whether multiple fields or only one (not necessarily the inflaton) generated the perturbations. We show that our test, relating the bispectrum and trispectrum, is protected against loop corrections at all orders, unlike previous relations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.043512
|
|
| 46. |
- Tirkkonen, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiac arrest teams and medical emergency teams in Finland : a nationwide cross- sectional postal survey
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 58:4, s. 420-427
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe implementation, characteristics and utilisation of cardiac arrest teams (CATs) and medical emergency teams (METs) in Finland are unknown. We aimed to evaluate how guidelines on advanced in-hospital resuscitation have been translated to practice. MethodsA cross-sectional postal survey including all public hospitals providing anaesthetic services. ResultsOf the 55 hospitals, 51 (93%) participated in the study. All hospitals with intensive care units (university and central hospitals, n=24) took part. In total, 88% of these hospitals (21/24) and 30% (8/27) of the small hospitals had CATs. Most hospitals with CATs (24/29) recorded team activations. A structured debriefing after a resuscitation attempt was organised in only one hospital. The median incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest in Finland was 1.48 (Q(1)=0.93, Q(3)=1.93) per 1000 hospital admissions. METs had been implemented in 31% (16/51) of the hospitals. A physician participated in MET activation automatically in half (8/16) of the teams. Operating theatres (13/16), emergency departments (10/16) and paediatric wards (7/16) were the most common sites excluded from the METs' operational areas. The activation thresholds for vital signs varied between hospitals. The lower upper activation threshold for respiratory rate was associated with a higher MET activation rate. The national median MET activation rate was 2.3 (1.5, 4.8) per 1000 hospital admissions and 1.5 (0.96, 4.0) per every cardiac arrest. ConclusionsCurrent guidelines emphasise the preventative actions on in-hospital cardiac arrest. Practices are changing accordingly but are still suboptimal especially in central and district hospitals. Unified guidelines on rapid response systems are required.
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
