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| 6. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Att förstå naturen - från vardagsbegrepp till kemi, sex "workshops"
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten behandlar hur elever förstår centrala aspekter av kemin. Först kommer tre workshops om materiens bevarande, byggnad respektive faser. Därefter tas blandning, lösning och vattnets kretslopp upp. Som avslutning kommer två workshops om ämnen respektive kemiska reaktioner.
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| 9. |
- Elgh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Memory functions and rCBF (99m)Tc-HMPAO SPET : developing diagnostics in Alzheimer's disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 29:9, s. 1140-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a primary degenerative disease of the brain. The prevalence increases with age, with devastating consequences for the individual and society. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with early AD show an altered regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) compared with control persons. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the correlation between rCBF in sublobar volumes of the brain and performance on memory tests. Memory tests were chosen to evaluate episodic and semantic memory. Fourteen patients (aged 75.2+/-8.8 years) with early AD and 15 control persons (aged 71.4+/-3.2 years) were included. rCBF measurements with single-photon emission tomography (SPET) using technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) were performed. The rCBF (99m)Tc-HMPAO SPET images were spatially transformed to fit a brain atlas and normalised for differences in rCBF (Computerised Brain Atlas software). Cortical and subcortical volumes of interest (VOIs) were analysed and compared. Compared with the controls, AD patients showed a significantly lower rCBF ratio in temporoparietal regions, including the left hippocampus. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for AD were high in temporoparietal regions. AD patients had significantly reduced performance on semantic and, in particular, episodic memory tests compared with age-matched normative data, and their performance on several episodic tests correlated with rCBF ratios in parietal and temporal regions, including the left hippocampus. The correlation between rCBF ratio and level of episodic memory performance suggests that abnormalities in rCBF pattern underlie impaired episodic memory functioning in AD.
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| 14. |
- Lundström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Postoperative delirium in old patients with femoral neck fracture : a randomized intervention study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 19:3, s. 178-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Delirium is a common postoperative complication in elderly patients which has a serious impact on outcome in terms of morbidity and costs. We examined whether a postoperative multi-factorial intervention program can reduce delirium and improve outcome in patients with femoral neck fractures.METHODS: One hundred and ninety-nine patients, aged 70 years and over (mean age+/-SD, 82+/-6, 74% women), were randomly assigned to postoperative care in a specialized geriatric ward or a conventional orthopedic ward. The intervention consisted of staff education focusing on the assessment, prevention and treatment of delirium and associated complications. The staff worked as a team, applying comprehensive geriatric assessment, management and rehabilitation. Patients were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination and the Organic Brain Syndrome Scale, and delirium was diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria.RESULTS: The number of days of postoperative delirium among intervention patients was fewer (5.0+/-7.1 days vs 10.2+/-13.3 days, p=0.009) compared with controls. A lower proportion of intervention patients were delirious postoperatively than controls (56/102, 54.9% vs 73/97, 75.3%, p=0.003). Eighteen percent in the intervention ward and 52% of controls were delirious after the seventh postoperative day (p<0.001). Intervention patients suffered from fewer complications, such as decubitus ulcers, urinary tract infections, nutritional complications, sleeping problems and falls, than controls. Total postoperative hospitalization was shorter in the intervention ward (28.0+/-17.9 days vs 38.0+/-40.6 days, p=0.028).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with postoperative delirium can be successfully treated, resulting in fewer days of delirium, fewer other complications, and shorter length of hospitalization.
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| 16. |
- Mc Ewen, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Female and male teachers’ pro-environmental behaviour, conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment do not differ : Ecofeminism put to the test
- 2015
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Ingår i: Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching. - Hong Kong : Hong Kong Institute of education. - 1609-4913. ; 16:1, s. 1-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Teachers' pro-environmental behaviour, conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment were investigated using 47 questions from the BIOHEAD-Citizen questionnaire. The sample included 1,109 pre-and in-service teachers from Sweden and France. Analyses showed only few significant differences between female and male teachers. Forty-one questions were further analysed in terms of ecofeminism. Ecofeminism claims that women and men's conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the ...
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| 17. |
- Mc Ewen, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Female and male teachers’ pro-environmental behaviour, conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment do not differ : Ecofeminism put to the test
- 2015
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Ingår i: Asia-Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching. - Hong Kong : Hong Kong Institute of education. - 1609-4913. ; 16:1, s. 1-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teachers’ pro-environmental behaviour, conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment were investigated using 47 questions from the BIOHEAD-Citizen questionnaire. The sample included 1,109 pre- and in-service teachers from Sweden and France. Analyses showed only few significant differences between female and male teachers. Forty-one questions were further analysed in terms of ecofeminism. Ecofeminism claims that women and men’s conceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment differ, in the sense that women show higher awareness of environmental issues than men. Our study finds quite poor support for this claim and therefore challenges ecofeminism. This may have implications for environmental education and the perspectives of sustainable development at schools, as our results indicate that there is no reason to fear that male teachers are less engaged with environmental education than female teachers.
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| 18. |
- Mc Ewen, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers' conceptions about nature and environment partially contradict ecofeminism theory
- 2013
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Ingår i: ESERA 13 Conference: Science Education Research for Evidence-based Teaching and Coherence in Learning. Nicosia, Cyprus, Sept 2-7, 2013.. - Nicosia : University of Cyprus. - 9789963700738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to compare ecofeminism theory with teachers’ conceptions about nature and environment. One of the claims of ecofeminism is that women have a special connection to nature, and that women are more cautious than men about nature and nature’s resources. This claim was evaluated from teachers’ answers to a questionnaire about nature and environment. This questionnaire has been used in other studies within the Biohead-Citizen project. Forty-six questions about nature and environment were picked out from a total of 173. Answers from most questions were given on a Likert-scale (four options). A total of 1109 female and male teachers and teacher students from Sweden and France participated. The following analyzing instruments were used: Between analyses, Monte-Carlo permutation test and Pearson’s Chi-square test. Analyses from comparisons between women and men showed that few of the answers significantly differed between the sexes, giving only a little support to ecofeminism theory, while most of the answers expressed no gender difference. Greater differences were seen from the comparison between the two countries. Results presented here indicate that, in Sweden and in France, only few female and male teachers’ conceptions about nature and environment differ significantly, showing a partial accordance with the ecofeminist theory, women being a little more in interplay with nature than men. More results from this study do not support that statement. To our knowledge this is the first time this part of ecofeminism theory is evaluated.
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Peter M., et al.
(författare)
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Life-style intervention at the worksite - reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140. ; 27:1, s. 57-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study tested a feasible method for screening for cardiovascular risk at the worksite and investigated the effects of a long-term comprehensive program of life style intervention to prevent cardiovascular disease. Methods Employees in the public sector filled out a self-administered questionnaire with questions on social, medical, and work-related factors. The respondents numbered 454 (80%). A score sum for cardiovascular risk was calculated (range 1-20, median 7.0), and the 128 subjects with a sum above 8 were invited to a health examination including blood sampling. Thereafter the subjects were invited to participate, following randomization, in a comprehensive, 18-month, life-style intervention program to improve cardiovascular risk or in a control group. Results The intervention group significantly decreased body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and smoking habits during the intervention. The initially elevated serum cortisol, as a marker of stress reaction, normalized in the intervention group. In the control group LDL cholesterol also decreased, but the glucose and triglyceride levels increased, and smoking habits were unchanged. Sick days for a given period decreased after 1 year in the intervention group but not in the control group. Conclusions Several cardiovascular risk factors can be improved and morning serum cortisol normalized during a long-term life-style intervention program with a randomized design using a worksite population of middle-aged subjects. The use of a 2-step screening program, with an initial questionnaire followed by a health check of subjects with elevated risk, is feasible for worksite settings.
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| 21. |
- Nordström, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of supported standing on well-being and quality of life
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy Canada. - : University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress). - 0300-0508 .- 1708-8313. ; 65:4, s. 344-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To identify the characteristics of people who use standing devices and to explore their degree of device use, experiences with and reasons for standing, and perceived impact of the use of standing devices on well-being and quality of life (QOL). Method: Anyone with a current prescription at the time for the study in any of five counties in Sweden (n 1/4 545), according to a national register of prescribed devices, was invited to participate in a descriptive survey; the questionnaire was mailed to respondents for self-rating. Results: People between 2 and 86 years old were represented among respondents. Standing time decreased with increased age. Respondents who were totally dependent for mobilization or who had received their standing device more than 5 years earlier used their device most frequently. The most common reasons given for standing were to improve circulation and wellbeing and to reduce stiffness. Conclusion: It is important to pay attention to the experiences of standing for this vulnerable group of people, as the use of a standing device has a positive impact on well-being and QOL.
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| 22. |
- Nordström, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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The psychosocial impact on standing devices
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 9:4, s. 299-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial impact of standing devices as experienced by users. Method: This is the second part of a comprehensive survey in five counties in Sweden where all the subjects with standing devices were invited to participate. The impact of standing devices on functional independence, quality of life and wellbeing was assessed using a questionnaire, Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS). Results: The psychosocial impact of the standing devices was perceived as positive. The highest PIADS scores in relation to age were found in the oldest group, aged 65 years and older. The ability to walk and independence in ambulation resulted in higher scores than the use of a wheelchair and/or dependence on others. Those who stood often awarded higher scores in the PIADS questionnaire compared to those who used the device less frequently. When standing was integrated in various activities, its psychosocial impact received high scores. Conclusion: The psychosocial impact of standing devices was generally experienced positively. The main results indicated that standing in a standing device had a value and we as professionals should ask the users about the intended purpose of their standing in order to prescribe the optimal device.Implications for Rehabilitation •Standing in standing devices has positive psychosocial impact for the user.•As professionals we should broaden our view of the use of standing devices, i.e. to see the standing device as an aid that not only treats the body’s structures or improves the user’s abilities in activities, but also provides a psychosocial impact on the user’s daily life, and to find meaningful goals for the user from a psychosocial perspective
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| 23. |
- Nyberg, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Longer work experience and age associated with safety attitudes in operating room nurses : an online cross-sectional study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ open quality. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2399-6641. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patient safety is fundamental when providing care in the operating room. Still, adverse events and errors are a challenge for patient safety worldwide. To avoid preventable patient harm, organisations need a positive safety culture, the measurable component of which is known as the safety climate. To best improve the safety climate the current attitudes to safety must first be understood.AIM: To explore operating room nurses' safety attitudes and their views on how to improve patient safety in operating rooms.ETHOD: A cross-sectional study using the Swedish-translated version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, Operating Room version. Data were collected using an online survey platform.RESULTS: 358 operating room nurses completed the questionnaire. The results show that the older age group rated their working conditions and management support as better than the younger age groups. The older age group also rated their stress recognition as lower compared with the younger age groups. The same pattern was seen in terms of work experience, with more-experienced respondents showing a higher mean score for the factor working conditions and a lower mean score for the factor stress recognition as compared with their less-experienced colleagues. When comparing hospital types, county hospital employees had higher factor scores for safety climate, job satisfaction and working conditions than university hospital employees. The respondents' most recurring recommendations for improving patient safety were 'Having better and clearer communication' followed by 'Having enough time to do things the way they should be done'.CONCLUSION: More focus on safety with increasing age and experience was observed in this cohort. Need for improvements is reported for patient safety in operating rooms, mainly when it comes to communication and workload. To improve and develop patient safety in the operating room, the organisational safety climate needs to be actively managed and developed. One step in actively managing the safety climate may be efforts to retain experienced operating room nurses.
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| 24. |
- Nyberg, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Patient safety during joint replacement surgery : experiences of operating room nurses
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open quality. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2399-6641. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Avoidable complications for surgical patients still occur despite efforts to improve patient safety processes in operating rooms. Analysis of experiences of operating room nurses can contribute to better understanding of perioperative processes and flow, and why avoidable complications still occur.AIM: To explore aspects of patient safety practice during joint replacement surgery through assessment of operating room nurse experiences.METHOD: A qualitative design using semistructured interviews with 21 operating room nurses currently involved in joint replacement surgery in Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was used.RESULTS: The operating room nurses described experiences with patient safety hazards on an organisational, team and individual level. Uncertainties concerning a reliable plan for the procedure and functional reporting, as well as documentation practices, were identified as important. Teamwork and collaboration were described as crucial at the team level, including being respected as valuable, having shared goals and common expectations. On the individual level, professional knowledge, skills and experience were needed to make corrective steps.CONCLUSION: The conditions to support patient safety, or limit complication risk, during joint replacement surgery continue to be at times inconsistent, and require steady performance attention. Operating room nurses make adjustments to help solve problems as they arise, where there are obvious risks for patient complications. The organisational patient safety management process still seems to allow deviation from established practice standards at times, and relies on individual-based corrective measures at the 'bedside' at times for good results.
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| 25. |
- Nyberg, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Perioperative patient safety indicators : A Delphi study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To identify, define and achieve consensus on perioperative patient safety indicators within a Swedish context.DesignA modified Delphi method.Methods: A purposeful sample of 22 experts, all experienced operating room nurse specialists, was recruited for this study. A questionnaire was constructed incorporating statements derived from a preceding study. The experts were asked to rate the importance of each statement concerning patient safety during the perioperative phase. The data collection occurred through an online survey platform between November 2022 and April 2023. The CREDES checklist guided the reporting of this study.Results: The three-round Delphi study resulted in consensus on 73 statements out of 103, encompassing 74% process indicators and 26% structure indicators. Key areas of consensus included the use of the Surgical Safety Checklist and optimizing the operating room environment.Conclusion: Consensus was reached on perioperative safety indicators, underscoring the intricate challenges involved in ensuring patient safety in the operating room. It emphasizes the important integration of both structure and process indicators for comprehensive safety assessment during surgical procedures. Recognizing the difficulty in measuring factors like teamwork and communication, essential for patient safety, the study offers practical guidance. It underlines a balanced approach and specific consensus areas applicable in clinical practice to enhance perioperative patient safety.Implications for the profession and patient care: This study provides concrete practice guidance and establishes a structured framework for evaluating perioperative care processes. It emphasizes the critical role of professionals having the necessary skills and being present during surgical procedures. Additionally, the study underscores the paramount importance of effective communication and teamwork within the operating room team, substantively contributing to overall patient safety enhancement.Impact: The study focused on addressing the challenge of ensuring patient safety in operating rooms, acknowledging the persistent complications related to surgery despite global efforts to eliminate avoidable harm in healthcare. Consensus was reached on 73 crucial indicators for perioperative patient safety, emphasizing a balanced approach integrating both process and structure indicators for a comprehensive assessment of safety during surgical procedures. The study has a broad impact on professionals and healthcare systems, providing concrete guidance for practice and offering a structured process for evaluating perioperative care.Reporting Method: The study is reported informed by 'Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) in palliative care: Recommendations derived from a methodological systematic review'.Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Nyberg, Eva, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish teachers’ and teacher students’ attitudes towards nature and environment – A survey of attitudes related to ecosystem services
- 2014
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Ingår i: NERA 2014 (Nordic Educational Research Association, 42nd Congress – Education for Sustainable Development), Lillehammer, Norway, 5-7 March, 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim with the paper is to explore Swedish teachers’ and teacher students’ attitudes to nature and environment, related to ecosystem services and to problematize this concept in relation to sustainability. The concept of ecosystem services is a well known concept within environmental work both nationally and internationally (e.g. Constanza et al, 1997). Since 2011 it has also become an issue in the Swedish curriculum for science teaching in compulsory school and upper secondary school, as a way to deal with and develop students' understanding of and respect for nature. Teaching about ecosystem services is in this context, according to the Swedish Board of Education, meant to be one way to provide students with knowledge about nature, the environment and sustainable development. It is therefore of interest to study the attitudes teachers and becoming teachers hold concerning nature and also whether their attitudes reflect a holistic concern for nature, an utilitarian view, or both. Environmental attitudes are often categorized as being either ecocentric or anthropocentric and Munoz, Bogner, Clement and Carvalo (2009), use this categorization in their analysis of teachers’ conceptions of nature and environment. Bonnet (2002), however, argues that a sense of sustainability can be developed which is neither anthropocentric nor ecocentric. The data consists of results from a survey by way of a questionnaire containing 175 questions. The questionnaire was originally constructed within a European project called Biohead-Citizen project (Castéra & Clément, 2012), but was complemented with a number of questions used only in Sweden. This paper is based on 15 of the original questions and two of the questions specifically constructed for Sweden. The sample is in total 377 individuals, and drawn from both in-service teachers and teacher students. Preliminary analysis indicate that the teachers and the teacher students as a group have a rather ecocentric view. Further analysis will be made in order to investigate possible differences between the different categories of teachers and teacher students respectively. The authors conclude with a reflection and problematization regarding the concept of ecosystem services in relation to Education for Sustainable Development.
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| 29. |
- Nyberg, Eva, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers' and Student Teachers' Attitudes Towards Nature and the Environment : A Comparative Study Between Sweden and France
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 64:7, s. 1090-1104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout the world, the educational system is expected to deal with issues regarding sustainability and to promote pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes. This study investigates attitudes towards nature and the environment among 1,109 teachers and student teachers in Sweden and France, using the 2 factor Model of Environmental Values (2-MEV). The results imply that in both Sweden and France, teachers and student teachers hold a prevailingly ecocentric attitude, as opposed to an anthropocentric attitude, which possibly indicates a predominantly positive approach towards the environment and environmental education. Comparisons between the countries show, however, that the Swedish teachers and student teachers hold a more anthropocentric attitude than the teachers and student teachers in the French sample.
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| 30. |
- Nyberg, F., et al.
(författare)
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"The Laundry Bag Project" - Unequal distribution of dermatological healthcare resources for male and female psoriatic patients in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dermatology. - : Wiley. - 0011-9059 .- 1365-4632. ; 47:2, s. 144-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Psoriasis and eczema are common dermatological diseases that occur with approximately equal frequency in men and in women. The aim of this study was to determine whether men and women with dermatological diseases in need of ultra-violet radiation (UV) treatment receive equal care. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of records of all patients referred to and seen at our clinic during 2003 with diagnoses of psoriasis or eczema. We performed a gender-based analysis of the number, type, and estimated cost of the treatments given to each patient. We evaluated similar data from a Swedish Psoriasis Association (SPA) treatment center and from the state pharmacy monopoly (Apoteksstatistiken). Results: Men with eczema or psoriasis received more help with emollients than did women and were given a greater number of UV treatments. At our clinic and at the SPA center, women constituted 37 and 42%, respectively, of the individuals who received UV treatment, yet, they received only 34 and 36% of the treatments, respectively. Women were prescribed self-care more often than men, with 61% of prescriptions for emollients and 48% of specific topical treatments for psoriasis dispensed to women. Conclusions: We discovered previously unrecognized gender differences in standard dermatological treatment for common diagnoses at our hospital. To ensure optimal care for each patient, treatment disparity should be recognized and gender-based analyzes be carried out when planning dermatological health care. © 2008 The International Society of Dermatology.
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| 31. |
- Nyberg, Gunn Birgitta, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring capability to move – somatic grasping of house-hopping
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-8989 .- 1742-5786. ; 20:6, s. 612-628
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore what it means to be able to move in different ways. What does it mean, from the perspective of the learners, to know how to carry out a specific movement? What is there to know and how could this insight contribute to the planning of developing learners' capability to move in different ways? As an example of a ‘new’ way of moving to be learnt, a movement called ‘house-hop’ (i.e. a 360-degree rotation initiated on the ground and completed in the air) was introduced as an object of learning in a physical education (PE) class in a secondary high school in Sweden. The paper explores learners' different ways of moving as expressing different ways of knowing how to ‘house-hop’ comprising also certain aspects of the movement being discerned simultaneously by the learners. In this way, an attempt will be made to explicate what there is to know when knowing a movement.Background: Evans initiated a discussion about what ‘ability’ means and how it is recognized and valued within the context of PE which has been further discussed in a growing body of critical research. He also raised the question of which ‘abilities’ the PE subject is supposed to develop while at the same time stating that ‘talk of physically educating the body’ in terms of ‘practical knowledge,' ‘physical literacy’ or ‘kinesthetic intelligence’ has ‘almost disappeared from the discourse of PE'. Rather, physical education in terms of the theme of this paper, capability to move, is reduced to implicit and taken-for-granted ‘standards of excellence,' only reluctantly discussed by PE teachers. There is a need for conceiving capability to move as an educational aim so that it can be explicitly discussed and dealt with in physical education.Theoretical framework and method: The study takes as its starting point an epistemological perspective on capability to move corresponding with Ryle's ‘knowing how,' challenging the distinction between mental and physical skills in regarding the knowing involved in capability to move as comprising interwoven mental and physical processes. Additionally, phenomenography and Variation Theory are used as analytical framework integrated in a Learning Study. Learning Study is a kind of design experiment inspired by the Japanese Lesson Study, where the main aim is to explore an object of learning.Findings and discussion: The findings show different ways of knowing house-hop as well as several aspects to discern in order to know the movement in a powerful way. The knowing involved in house-hopping can be seen as somatic grasping comprising mental and physical skills as an integrated whole. The paper discusses how this approach to investigating learners' different ways of knowing a new way of moving to be learnt can contribute to the planning of teaching and learning capability to move.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Omerov, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Preparatory Studies to a Population-Based Survey of Suicide-Bereaved Parents in Sweden.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Crisis. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0227-5910 .- 2151-2396. ; 34:3, s. 200-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a need for evidence-based guidelines on how professionals should act following a suicide. In an effort to provide empiric knowledge, we designed a nationwide population-based study including suicide-bereaved parents. Aim: To describe the process from creating hypotheses through interviews to the development of a population-based questionnaire. Method: We used interviews, qualitative analysis and various means of validation to create a study-specific questionnaire to be used in a nonselected nationwide population of suicide-bereaved parents and a control population of nonbereaved (N = 2:1). The Swedish Register of Causes of Death and the Multigeneration Register were used to identify eligible individuals. All presumptive participants received a letter of invitation followed by a personal contact. Results: We developed a questionnaire covering the participants' perception of participation, their daily living, psychological morbidity, professional actions, and other experiences in immediate connection to the time before and after the suicide. Almost three out of four parents (bereaved = 666, nonbereaved = 377) responded to the questionnaire. Conclusions: By involving parents early in the research process we were able to create a questionnaire that generated a high participation rate in a nationwide population-based study that might help us to answer our hypotheses about bereavement after suicide.
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| 34. |
- Osika, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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[The laundry-basket project : gender differences to the very skin. Different treatment of some common skin diseases in men and women].
- 2005
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 102:40, s. 2846-2851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we have analysed the treatment traditions in a dermatological outpatient clinic, from a gender perspective. Eczema and psoriasis were of similar frequency in male and female patients, while a higher number of female patients had eczema of the hands. Ultraviolet light (UV) treatment was given to a higher number of male patients in all diagnostic groups including eczema of the hands. In addition, a higher number of given treatments was given to the male patients than to the female patients. As for prescriptions to male and female patients from our department and in Stockholm county (1.8 mill.), a much larger amount of preparations for local treatment was received by female patients, especially emollients. Male patients had received more of calcipotriol creme in addition to their being treated more intensively at the clinic. In a sub-group analysis on patients with psoriasis vulgaris on our clinic and in a patient cooperation-based treatment department, we found the same relation between male and female treatment as in the larger group. On follow-up, the number of female patients with psoriasis who were given treatment at our clinic had increased, but the number of treatments given to men was still higher than for female patients. An economic analysis of these findings show a great overweight of clinic-based treatment costs for male patients, while female patients receive emollients for self-care to a greater extent. We conclude that more studies are needed to clarify the basis of these findings.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Post Sennehed, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a multimodal pain rehabilitation programme in primary care based on clinical register data: a feasibility study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Primary health care research & development. - 1477-1128. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Investigate the feasibility of identifying a well-defined treatment group and a comparable reference group in clinical register data. Background: There is insufficient knowledge on how to avert neck/back pain from turning chronic or to impair work ability. The Swedish Government implemented a national multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) programme in primary care intending to promote work ability, reduce sick leave and increase return to work. Since randomised control trial data for effect is lacking, it is important to evaluate existing observational data from clinical settings. Methods: We identified all unique patients with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) diagnoses undergoing the MMR programme in primary care in the Skåne Health care Register (n = 2140) during 2010–2011. A reference cohort in primary care (n = 56 300) with similar MSP diagnoses, same ages and the same level of sick leave before baseline was identified for the same period. The reference cohort received ordinary care and treatment in primary care. The final study group consisted of 603 eligible MMR patients and 2874 eligible reference patients. Socio-economic and health-related baseline data including sick leave one year before up to two years after baseline were compared between groups. Findings: There were significant socio-economic and health differences at baseline between the MMR and the reference patients, with the MMR group having lower income, higher morbidity and more sick leave days. Sick leave days per year decreased significantly in the MMR group (118–102 days, P < 0.001) and in the reference group (50–42 days, P < 0.001) from one year before baseline to two years after. Conclusions: It was not feasible to identify a comparable reference group based on clinical register data. Despite an ambitious attempt to limit selection bias, significant baseline differences in socio-economic and health were present. In absence of randomised trials, effects of MMR cannot be sufficiently evaluated in primary care.
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| 37. |
- Segebladh, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Allopregnanolone serum concentrations and diurnal cortisol secretion in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; 16:2, s. 131-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most prior studies in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) indicate a blunted hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function. However, the relationship between neuroactive progesterone metabolites, such as allopregnanolone, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function in PMDD patients is relatively sparsely studied. The primary aims of this study were to assess diurnal variation in circulating cortisol and low-dose dexamethasone suppression in PMDD patients and healthy controls, and the relationship between these two HPA axis indices and allopregnanolone serum concentrations. Twenty-six women with prospectively defined PMDD and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Participants underwent diurnal sampling for cortisol serum concentrations and a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. In addition, morning allopregnanolone serum concentrations were determined. There was no difference in diurnal secretion of cortisol and degree of dexamethasone suppression of cortisol between PMDD patients and healthy controls. However, PMDD patients with high allopregnanolone levels displayed blunted nocturnal cortisol levels in comparison with healthy controls who had low allopregnanolone serum concentrations. In women with PMDD, diurnal secretion of cortisol may be influenced by allopregnanolone levels of the luteal phase. This finding may be attributed to timing of blood sampling in the late luteal phase as well as the individual level of allopregnanolone but could potentially explain the discrepancies in results between studies examining HPA axis function in women with PMDD.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Segebladh, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of different add-back estradiol and progesterone treatments to gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- 2009
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9378 .- 1097-6868. ; 201:2, s. 139.e1-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate which add-back hormone replacement therapy would be most beneficial in terms of mood effects for patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder who are receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Three different add-back hormone replacement treatments were evaluated in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over clinical trial in 27 patients premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The add-back treatments consisted of 1.5 mg estradiol and 400 mg progesterone, 1.5 mg estradiol and placebo, and 0.5 mg estradiol and 400 mg progesterone. The primary outcome measure was daily symptom ratings for mood and physical symptoms. RESULTS: The highest dose of estradiol in combination with progesterone was associated with the most pronounced symptom recurrence, both in comparison with a lower dose of estradiol together with progesterone and estradiol-only treatment. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, long-cycle add-back treatment to avoid frequent progestagen use appears to be most beneficial for patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
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| 40. |
- Segebladh, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of violence exposure in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder in comparison with other gynecological patients and asymptomatic controls
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 90:7, s. 746-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The aim of the present study was to estimate prevalence rates of physical,emotional and sexual abuse in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD) in comparison with gynecological outpatients and asymptomatic healthycontrol subjects. Design. Cross-sectional study. Settings. Departments of obstetricsand gynecology in three different Swedish hospitals. Population. Fifty-eightwomen meeting strict criteria for PMDD, a control group of 102 women seekingcare at the gynecological outpatient clinic (ObGyn controls) and 47 asymptomatichealthy control subjects were included in this study. Methods. The Swedish versionof the Abuse Assessment Screen was used to collect information on physical andsexual abuse, and the screening instrument was administered as a face-to-face interview.Main Outcome Measures. Previous and ongoing physical and sexual abuse.Results. Any lifetime abuse (physical, emotional or sexual) was reported by 31.0%of PMDD patients, by 39.2% of ObGyn controls and by 21.3% of healthy controls.The ObGyn controls reported physical and/or emotional abuse significantly moreoften than PMDD patients as well as healthy controls (p<0.05). Lifetime sexualabuse was reported significantly more often by ObGyn controls than by healthycontrols (p<0.05). Conclusions. Patients with PMDD appear not to have sufferedphysical, emotional or sexual abuse to a greater extent than other gynecologicalpatients or healthy control subjects. However, exposure to violence was common inall groups of interviewed women, and for the individual patient these experiencesmay contribute to their experience of symptoms.
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| 41. |
- Sennehed, Charlotte Post, et al.
(författare)
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Referring to multimodal rehabilitation for patients with musculoskeletal disorders - a register study in primary health care
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In 2008, the Swedish government introduced a National Rehabilitation Program, in which the government financially reimburses the county councils for evidence-based multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) interventions. The target group is patients of working age with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), expected to return to work or remain at work after rehabilitation. Much attention in the evaluations has been on patient outcomes and on processes. We lack knowledge about how factors related to health care providers and community can have an impact on how patients have access to MMR. The aim of this study was therefore to study the impact of health care provider and community related factors on referrals to MMR in patients with MSD applying for health care in primary health care.METHODS: This was a primary health care-based cohort study based on prospectively ascertained register data. All primary health care centres (PHCC) contracted in Region Skåne in 2010-2012, referring to MMR were included (n = 153). The health care provider factors studied were: community size, PHCC size, public or private PHCC, whether or not the PHCCs provided their own MMR, burden of illness and the community socioeconomic status among the registered population at the PHCCs. The results are presented with descriptive statistics and for the analysis, non-parametric and multiple linear regression analyses were applied.RESULTS: PHCCs located in larger communities sent more referrals/1000 registered population (p = 0.020). Private PHCCs sent more referrals/1000 registered population compared to public units (p = 0.035). Factors related to more MMR referrals/1000 registered population in the multiple regression analyses were PHCCs located in medium and large communities and with above average socioeconomic status among the registered population at the PHCCs, private PHCC and PHCCs providing their own MMR. The explanation degree for the final model was 24.5%.CONCLUSIONS: We found that referral rates to MMR were positively associated with PHCCs located in medium and large sized communities with higher socioeconomic status among the registered population, private PHCCs and PHCCs providing their own MMR. Patients with MSD are thus facing significant inequities and were thus not offered the same opportunities for referrals to rehabilitation regardless of which PHCC they visited.
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| 42. |
- Stenvall, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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A multidisciplinary, multifactorial intervention program reduces postoperative falls and injuries after femoral neck fracture.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 18:2, s. 167-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates whether a postoperative multidisciplinary, intervention program, including systematic assessment and treatment of fall risk factors, active prevention, detection, and treatment of postoperative complications, could reduce inpatient falls and fall-related injuries after a femoral neck fracture.METHODS: A randomized, controlled trial at the orthopedic and geriatric departments at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, included 199 patients with femoral neck fracture, aged >or=70 years.RESULTS: Twelve patients fell 18 times in the intervention group compared with 26 patients suffering 60 falls in the control group. Only one patient with dementia fell in the intervention group compared with 11 in the control group. The crude postoperative fall incidence rate was 6.29/1,000 days in the intervention group vs 16.28/1,000 days in the control group. The incidence rate ratio was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20 - 0.76, p=0.006] for the total sample and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01-0.57, p=0.013) among patients with dementia. There were no new fractures in the intervention group but four in the control group.CONCLUSION: A team applying comprehensive geriatric assessment and rehabilitation, including prevention, detection, and treatment of fall risk factors, can successfully prevent inpatient falls and injuries, even in patients with dementia.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Stenvall, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Improved performance in activities of daily living and mobility after a multidisciplinary postoperative rehabilitation in older people with femoral neck fracture : a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081 .- 0001-5555. ; 39:3, s. 232-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short- and long-term effects of a multidisciplinary postoperative rehabilitation programme in patients with femoral neck fracture.DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: A randomized controlled trial in patients (n = 199) with femoral neck fracture, aged >or= 70 years.METHODS: The primary outcomes were: living conditions, walking ability and activities of daily living performance on discharge, 4 and 12 months postoperatively. The intervention consisted of staff education, individualized care planning and rehabilitation, active prevention, detection and treatment of postoperative complications. The staff worked in teams to apply comprehensive geriatric assessment, management and rehabilitation. A geriatric team assessed those in the intervention group 4 months postoperatively, in order to detect and treat any complications. The control group followed conventional postoperative routines.RESULTS: Despite shorter hospitalization, significantly more people from the intervention group had regained independence in personal activities of daily living performance at the 4- and 12-month follow-ups; odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI) ) 2.51 (1.00-6.30) and 3.49 (1.31-9.23), respectively. More patients in the intervention group had also regained the ability to walk independently indoors without walking aids by the end of the study period, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 3.01 (1.18-7.61).CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary postoperative intervention programme enhances activities of daily living performance and mobility after hip fracture, from both a short-term and long-term perspective.
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| 45. |
- Stenvall, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Inpatient falls and injuries in older patients treated for femoral neck fracture.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 43:3, s. 389-399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prospective inpatient study was performed at the Orthopedic and Geriatric Departments at the Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, to study inpatient falls, fall-related injuries, and risk factors for falls following femoral neck fracture surgery. Ninety-seven patients with femoral neck fracture aged 70 years or older were included, background characteristics, falls, injuries, and other postoperative complications were assessed and registered during the hospitalization. There were 60 postoperative falls among 26/97 patients (27%). The postoperative fall event rate was 16.3/1000 Days (95% CI 12.2-20.4). Thirty two percent of the falls resulted in injuries, 25% minor, and 7% serious ones. In multiple regression analyses, delirium after Day 7, HRR 4.62 (95% CI 1.24-16.37), male sex 3.92 (1.58-9.73), and sleeping disturbances 3.49 (1.24-9.86), were associated with inpatient falls. Forty-five percent of the patients were delirious the day they fell. Intervention programs, including prevention and treatment of delirium and sleeping disturbances, as well as better supervision of male patients, could be possible fall prevention strategies. Improvement of the quality of care and rehabilitation, with the focus on fall prevention based on these results, should be implemented in postoperative care of older people.
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| 46. |
- Sundström, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Memory-provoked rCBF-SPECT as a diagnostic tool in Alzheimer's disease?
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 33:1, s. 73-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a primary degenerative disease that progressively affects all brain functions, with devastating consequences for the patient, the patient's family and society. Rest regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) could have a strategic role in differentiating between AD patients and normal controls, but its use for this purpose has a low discriminatory capacity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the diagnostic sensitivity of rCBF single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) could be increased by using an episodic memory task provocation, i.e. memory-provoked rCBF-SPECT (MP-SPECT). METHODS: Eighteen persons (73.2+/-4.8 years) with mild AD and 18 healthy elderly (69.4+/-3.9 years) were included in the study. The subjects were injected with (99m)Tc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) during memory provocation with faces and names, followed by an rCBF-SPECT study. The rCBF (99m)Tc-HMPAO SPECT images were analysed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM2). Peaks with a false discovery rate corrected value of 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: On MP-SPECT, the AD group showed a significant rCBF reduction in the left parietal cortex in comparison with healthy elderly. At rest, no significant group differences were seen. CONCLUSION: Memory provocation increased the sensitivity of rCBF-SPECT for the detection of AD-related blood flow changes in the brain at the group level. Further studies are needed to evaluate MP-SPECT as a diagnostic tool at the individual level. If a higher sensitivity for AD at the individual level is verified in future studies, a single MP-SPECT study might be sufficient in the clinical setting.
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| 47. |
- Thorslund, Birgitta, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Simulator-based driving test prescreening as a complement to driver testing – Toward safer and more risk-aware drivers
- 2024
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Ingår i: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Young people represent a high-risk group of drivers and the prevalence of road traffic crashes among young drivers is high. Thus, to increase traffic safety, it is essential to ensure that new drivers are both sufficiently educated in and assessed for risk awareness. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility and potential benefit of using a driving simulator screening test as a complement to the existing on-road driving test. The main idea is to detect drivers who are not ready to proceed to the driving test. A comparative study was performed with participants who passed and failed a simulator test and an on-road driving test, respectively. A comparison between subjective and objective measures of performance and risk was also included. A driving simulator was placed at a traffic school and customers were recruited as participants. In total, 70 participants took part in the study and the simulated drive consisted of rural roads, urban traffic, and motorways with 16 different scenarios, constructed from the second level of the GDE matrix, to examine driving behavior, attention, and risk perception. The results show that with a screening test in a driving simulator, it is possible to detect drivers who consider themselves ready to take a driving test, but who have not yet reached the level of risk awareness required to be a safe driver. Test scenarios should be suited to detect deficiencies in risk awareness, test different levels of the GDE matrix and, to complement the driving test, be difficult to assess in an on-road driving test. Deficiencies in self-evaluation that are well-known among young drivers are again confirmed. To practice self-evaluation, the driving simulator is suggested as a pedagogical tool, linked to the GDE matrix.
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| 48. |
- Tomkinson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of tripeptidyl-peptidase II in the central nervous system of rat
- 1995
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Ingår i: Neurochemical Research. - 0364-3190 .- 1573-6903. ; 20:12, s. 1443-1447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tripeptidyl-peptidase II (TPP II) is a high molecular weight serine peptidase which removes tripeptides from a free N-terminus of longer peptides. Since it had previously been demonstrated that the enzyme can inactivate enkephalins and dynorphins in vitro by removing the N-terminal Tyr-Gly-Gly peptide, we wanted to see whether TPP II could be involved in this process also in vivo. Therefore, the localization of TPP II in different cerebral regions of rat was investigated by immunoblot analysis and activity measurements. It could be shown that TPP II is relatively evenly distributed in the central nervous system of rat. This indicates that the physiological role of the enzyme is probably not a specific degradation of enkephalins, but rather pertains to the general turnover of proteins.
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| 49. |
- Waernulf, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' views on care and treatment after phototherapy for psoriasis and atopic eczema including a gender perspective
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of dermatological treatment (Print). - : Taylor & Francis. - 0954-6634 .- 1471-1753. ; 19:4, s. 233-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Psoriasis and atopic eczema are reportedly as common among women as among men and are not known to differ in severity between sexes. Research has shown that men get more treatment with ultraviolet (UV) light for longer periods than women. This fact, together with ongoing efforts to improve patient satisfaction with care and treatment at our department, prompted us to gather information from our patients.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore patients' views of dermatological care and treatment methods.METHOD: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out, complemented with qualitative interviews.RESULTS: The main findings fall under three areas of clinical relevance: information to patients must be individually designed with a gender perspective; men and women have different attitudes towards greasing which must be kept in mind in clinical practice; and women often appear to be under-prescribed UV treatment.CONCLUSION: The information from our study can form a basis for new therapeutic strategies, taking a gender perspective into account.
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| 50. |
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