| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Gaber, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Social Citizenship Through Out-of-Home Participation Among Older Adults With and Without Dementia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Gerontology. - : Sage Publications. - 0733-4648 .- 1552-4523. ; 41:11, s. 2362-2373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is limited empirical knowledge about how older adults living with dementia enact their social citizenship through out-of-home participation. This study aimed: (a) to investigate out-of-home participation among older adults with and without dementia in four countries and (b) to compare aspects of stability or change in out-of-home participation. Using a cross-sectional design, older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia and without dementia, aged 55 years and over, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home questionnaire in Canada (n = 58), Sweden (n = 69), Switzerland (n = 70), and the United Kingdom (n = 128). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a two-way analysis of variance. After adjustment for age, diagnosis of dementia and country of residence had significant effects on total out-of-home participation (p <.01). The results contribute to policies and development of programs to facilitate social citizenship by targeting specific activities and places.
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| 3. |
- Gurwitz, Kim T., et al.
(författare)
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A framework to assess the quality and impact of bioinformatics training across ELIXIR
- 2020
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Ingår i: PloS Computational Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-734X .- 1553-7358. ; 16:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ELIXIR is a pan-European intergovernmental organisation for life science that aims to coordinate bioinformatics resources in a single infrastructure across Europe; bioinformatics training is central to its strategy, which aims to develop a training community that spans all ELIXIR member states. In an evidence-based approach for strengthening bioinformatics training programmes across Europe, the ELIXIR Training Platform, led by the ELIXIR EXCELERATE Quality and Impact Assessment Subtask in collaboration with the ELIXIR Training Coordinators Group, has implemented an assessment strategy to measure quality and impact of its entire training portfolio. Here, we present ELIXIR’s framework for assessing training quality and impact, which includes the following: specifying assessment aims, determining what data to collect in order to address these aims, and our strategy for centralised data collection to allow for ELIXIR-wide analyses. In addition, we present an overview of the ELIXIR training data collected over the past 4 years. We highlight the importance of a coordinated and consistent data collection approach and the relevance of defining specific metrics and answer scales for consortium-wide analyses as well as for comparison of data across iterations of the same course.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nygård, K, et al.
(författare)
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Imported rocket salad partly responsible for increased incidence of hepatitis A cases in Sweden, 2000-2001
- 2001
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Ingår i: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1560-7917. ; 6:10, s. 151-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increased incidence of domestic hepatitis A without any obvious source of infection in Sweden and a small outbreak in late spring 2001 led to the undertaking of a case-control study. Consumption of imported rocket salad was clearly associated with disease (odds ratio 9.1, 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 69). The importation of vegetables from countries where hepatitis A is endemic to countries where this disease is not endemic continues to be a public health problem.
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| 6. |
- Vik, K, et al.
(författare)
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Agency and engagement: older adults' experiences of participation in occupation during home-based rehabilitation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of occupational therapy. Revue canadienne d'ergotherapie. - : SAGE Publications. - 0008-4174. ; 75:5, s. 262-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Participation is considered the main goal of rehabilitation and occupational therapy intervention. This study focuses on older adults' participation in occupations in daily life when receiving home-based rehabilitation.Purpose. To explore how older adults with disabilities participate in daily life subsequent to hospitalization.Methods. A prospective case-orientated design was used, with repeated interviews with three older adults and a constant comparative method of analysis.Findings. Two main categories emerged as the participants' experience of participation: “Continuing to be an agent in daily life” captured the participants' decision making, choosing, and acting in daily life. “Life itself is the agent” identified how the participants, despite their strong wishes to be agents, also could let their participation be directed by their engagement in ongoing daily life.Implications. The findings identified participation as a dynamic engagement ranging from individual agency, including decision-making, choosing, and acting in daily life, to letting life itself be the agent. The emphasis on agency in the participants' experiences challenges rehabilitation professionals to find further means of facilitating the clients' possibilities of being agents in their daily lives.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Gaber, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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Enacting citizenship through participation in a technological society : A longitudinal three-year study among people with dementia in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:2, s. 276-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of Everyday Technology (ET) use is presented as subsidiary or neutral in policy for age- and dementia-friendly communities; and yet, research suggests that older people, especially those with dementia, experience increased challenges using ET in their everyday lives. Through the lens of micro-citizenship, the study aims to deepen the knowledge about how use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, relates to participation in places visited within public space among people with dementia over time. Using a longitudinal study design, 35 people with dementia were recruited at baseline and followed over three years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using standardised questionnaires: the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Random intercept modelling and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Throughout the three-year study, decreasing use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when controlling for age (F = 7.59, p = 0.01). The findings indicate that facilitating access and use of ET outside the home, among people with dementia, should be integral to promoting and maintaining participation in age- and dementia-friendly communities.
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| 9. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Perceived risks, concession travel pass access and everyday technology use for out-of-home participation : Cross-sectional interviews among older people in the UK
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The health-promoting qualities of participation as an opportunity for social and cognitive engagement are well known. Use of Everyday Technology such as Smartphones or ATMs, as enabling or disabling factors for out-of-home participation is however under-researched, particularly among older people with and without dementia. Out-of-home participation involves participation in places and activities outside of a person’s home, in public space. Situated within the context of an increasingly technological society, the study investigated factors such as perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK.Methods: One hundred twenty-eight older people with and without dementia in urban and rural environments in the UK, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home (ACT-OUT) Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Associations between Everyday Technology use, perceived risk of falling, functional impairment, access to a concession travel pass and out-of-home participation were investigated using ordinal regression.Results: A higher probability of Everyday Technology use (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.492; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.041–1.127), perceived risk of falling outside home (OR = 2.499; 95% CI = 1.235–5.053) and, access to a concession travel pass (OR = 3.943; 95% CI = 1.970–7.893) were associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation. However, other types of risk (getting lost; feeling stressed or embarrassed) were not associated with out-of-home participation. Having a functional impairment was associated with a low probability of a higher level of out-of-home participation (OR = .470; 95% CI = .181–1.223). Across the sample, ‘outside home’ Everyday Technologies were used to a higher degree than ‘portable’ Everyday Technologies which can be used both in and outside home.Conclusions: The study provides insights into perceived risks, access to a concession travel pass and use of Everyday Technologies, and their relationship with out-of-home participation, among older people in the UK. Increased knowledge about factors associated with out-of-home participation may help to guide targeted health and social care planning.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Grosshans, H., et al.
(författare)
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Mixing due pulsating turbulent jets
- 2014
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Ingår i: Springer Proceedings in Physics. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319018591 ; , s. 159-163
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combustion efficiency and the formation of soot and/or NOx in Internal- Combustion engines depends strongly on the local air/fuel mixture, the local flow conditions and temperature. Modern diesel engines employ high injection pressure for improved atomization, but mixing is controlled largely by the flow in the cylinder. By injecting the fuel in pulses one can gain control over the atomization, evaporation and the mixing of the gaseous fuel. We show that the pulsatile injection of fuel enhances fuel break-up and the entrainment of ambient air into the fuel stream. The entrainment level depends on fuel property, such as fuel/air viscosity and density ratio, fuel surface-tension, injection speed and injection sequencing. Examples of enhanced break-up and mixing are given.
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| 12. |
- Guzman-Chavez, F., et al.
(författare)
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Mechanism and regulation of sorbicillin biosynthesis by Penicillium chrysogenum
- 2017
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Ingår i: Microbial Biotechnology. - : Wiley. - 1751-7907 .- 1751-7915. ; 10:4, s. 958-968
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Penicillium chrysogenum is a filamentous fungus that is used to produce -lactams at an industrial scale. At an early stage of classical strain improvement, the ability to produce the yellow-coloured sorbicillinoids was lost through mutation. Sorbicillinoids are highly bioactive of great pharmaceutical interest. By repair of a critical mutation in one of the two polyketide synthases in an industrial P.chrysogenum strain, sorbicillinoid production was restored at high levels. Using this strain, the sorbicillin biosynthesis pathway was elucidated through gene deletion, overexpression and metabolite profiling. The polyketide synthase enzymes SorA and SorB are required to generate the key intermediates sorbicillin and dihydrosorbicillin, which are subsequently converted to (dihydro)sorbillinol by the FAD-dependent monooxygenase SorC and into the final product oxosorbicillinol by the oxidoreductase SorD. Deletion of either of the two pks genes not only impacted the overall production but also strongly reduce the expression of the pathway genes. Expression is regulated through the interplay of two transcriptional regulators: SorR1 and SorR2. SorR1 acts as a transcriptional activator, while SorR2 controls the expression of sorR1. Furthermore, the sorbicillinoid pathway is regulated through a novel autoinduction mechanism where sorbicillinoids activate transcription.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Jekel, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-9193. ; 7:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is a growing body of evidence that subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) may be present in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is not clear if there are IADL domains that are consistently affected across patients with MCI. In this systematic review, therefore, we aimed to summarize research results regarding the performance of MCI patients in specific IADL (sub)domains compared with persons who are cognitively normal and/or patients with dementia. Methods: The databases PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature in December 2013. Publications from 1999 onward were considered for inclusion. Altogether, 497 articles were retrieved. Reference lists of selected articles were searched for potentially relevant articles. After screening the abstracts of these 497 articles, 37 articles were included in this review. Results: In 35 studies, IADL deficits (such as problems with medication intake, telephone use, keeping appointments, finding things at home and using everyday technology) were documented in patients with MCI. Financial capacity in patients with MCI was affected in the majority of studies. Effect sizes for group differences between patients with MCI and healthy controls were predominantly moderate to large. Performance-based instruments showed slight advantages (in terms of effect sizes) in detecting group differences in IADL functioning between patients with MCI, patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy controls. Conclusion: IADL requiring higher neuropsychological functioning seem to be most severely affected in patients with MCI. A reliable identification of such deficits is necessary, as patients with MCI with IADL deficits seem to have a higher risk of converting to dementia than patients with MCI without IADL deficits. The use of assessment tools specifically designed and validated for patients with MCI is therefore strongly recommended. Furthermore, the development of performance-based assessment instruments should be intensified, as they allow a valid and reliable assessment of subtle IADL deficits in MCI, even if a proxy is not available. Another important point to consider when designing new scales is the inclusion of technology-associated IADL. Novel instruments for clinical practice should be time-efficient and easy to administer.
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| 16. |
- Kringhøj, A., et al.
(författare)
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Anharmonicity of a superconducting qubit with a few-mode Josephson junction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 2469-9950. ; 97:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coherent operation of gate-voltage-controlled hybrid transmon qubits (gatemons) based on semiconductor nanowires was recently demonstrated. Here we experimentally investigate the anharmonicity in epitaxial InAs-Al Josephson junctions, a key parameter for their use as a qubit. Anharmonicity is found to be reduced by roughly a factor of 2 compared to conventional metallic junctions and dependent on gate voltage. Experimental results are consistent with a theoretical model, indicating that Josephson coupling is mediated by a small number of highly transmitting modes in the semiconductor junction.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- la Cour, K, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of engagement in creative activity at a palliative care facility
- 2007
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Ingår i: Palliative & supportive care. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1478-9515 .- 1478-9523. ; 5:3, s. 241-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the meanings that people with advanced cancer ascribe to engaging in creative activity in palliative occupational therapy.Methods: Sixteen interviews were conducted with eight participants over a period of 8–12 months. Participants were asked to narrate about their engagement in creative activities at a palliative intervention program. Transcribed interviews were analyzed with a phenomenological method.Results: Engagement in creative activities was found to ease life in proximity to death for persons with advanced cancer and limited survival time. For the participants, creativity meant that some of the consequences of incurable cancer could be confronted and alternative potentials could be explored and acknowledged. This occurred in an ongoing process of creating alternative ways to deal with life.Significance of results: Creative activity is a means for participants to develop ways to adapt and cope with declining physical abilities and existential concerns through working with their hands and bodies. This complements the often negative focus in palliative phases of cancer with an understanding of how enriching aspects of life can be maintained. The results highlight how people in palliative care experience their engagement in creative activity in the form of crafts, and how such engagements may be a significant tool for finding alternative ways to handle challenges in ongoing life.
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| 19. |
- Larsson, Sofia L, et al.
(författare)
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Conformational changes in the structure of domains II and V of 28S rRNA in ribosomes treated with the translational inhibitors ricin or alpha-sarcin
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Gene Structure and Expression. - 0167-4781 .- 1879-2634. ; 1577:1, s. 53-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ricin and alpha-sarcin modify neighbouring sites in the so-called sarcin/ricin (S/R) loop of 28S rRNA, thereby destroying the necessary dynamic flexibility of the ribosome, and inhibiting the elongation factor assisted steps of the elongation cycle. The effects of the two translational inhibitors on the conformation of domains 11 and V of 28 S rRNA were investigated by chemical modification of programmed mouse ribosomes pretreated with ricin or alpha-sarcin. The results showed that the two ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP) influenced the structure of the ribosomal RNA. Inhibitor-affected sites were located at or near sites previously proposed to be involved in functional domains. The modification patterns obtained after ricin or alpha-sarcin treatment of ribosomes were partially overlapping. However, there were several inhibitor-specific structural changes in 28S rRNA. Such changes were found at positions located at the GTPase activating centre of the ribosome and in the S/R domain, indicating that the structure in these regions of the ribosomes differed after treatment with the two inhibitors. These changes are consistent with ricin and alpha-sarcin having specific effects on eEF-2 and eEF-1 interaction with the ribosome, respectively.
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| 20. |
- Larsson, Sofia L, et al.
(författare)
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Proposed secondary structure of eukaryote specific expansion segment 15 in 28S rRNA from mice, rats, and rabbits
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 40:10, s. 3222-3231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expansion segments in eukaryotic ribosomal RNAs are additional RNA sequences not found in the RNA core common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These regions show large species-dependent variations in sequence and size. This makes it difficult to create secondary structure models for the expansion segments exclusively based on phylogenetic sequence comparison. Here we have used a combination of experimental data and computational methods to generate secondary structure models for expansion segment 15 in 28S rRNA in mice, rats, and rabbits. The experimental data were collected using the structure sensitive reagents DMS, CMCT, kethoxal, micrococcal nuclease, RNase TI, RNase CL3. RNase VI, and lead(II) acetate, ES15 was folded with the computer program RNAStructure 3.5 using modification data and phylogenetic similarities between different ES15 sequences. This program uses energy minimization to find the most stable secondary structure of an RNA sequence. The presented secondary structure models include several common structural motifs, but they also have characteristics unique to each organism. Overall, the secondary structure models showed indications of an energetically stable but dynamic structure, easily accessible from the solution by the modification reagents, suggesting that the expansion segment is located on the ribosomal surface.
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| 21. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Ability to manage everyday technology : A comparison of persons with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and older adults without cognitive impairment
- 2010
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Ingår i: Disability & Rehabilitation: Assistive technology. - Stockholm : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 5:6, s. 462-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The ability to manage technology is important for performance and participation in everyday activities. This study compares the management of technology in everyday activities among people with mild-stage dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with older adults without known cognitive impairment (OA). Method. Persons with mild-stage dementia (n=38), MCI (n=33) and OA (n=45) were observed and interviewed when managing their everyday technology at home by using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). A computer application of a Rasch measurement model was used to generate measures of participants' ability to manage technology. These measures were compared groupwise with ANCOVA. Results. The management of everyday technology was significantly more challenging for the samples with mild-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) or MCI compared to the OA sample (AD – OA, p<0.001; d=1.87, MCI – OA, p<0.001; d=0.66). The sample with MCI demonstrated a significantly higher ability to manage technology than the sample with mild-stage AD (AD – MCI, p<0.001; d=1.23). However, there were overlaps between the groups and decreased ability appeared in all groups. Conclusions. Persons with cognitive impairment are likely to have decreased ability to manage everyday technology. Since their decreased ability can have disabling consequences, ability to manage technology is important to consider when assessing ability to perform everyday activities.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Margot-Cattin, I., et al.
(författare)
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Associations between community participation and types of places visited among persons living with and without dementia : risks perception and socio-demographic aspects
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Increasingly, literature has focused on community participation in places visited by persons living with and without dementia. Earlier research indicates that multiple factors, including socio-demographic aspects and risk perception may influence community participation.Aim and methods: This cross-sectional, explorative study aims to inquire into how places visited, socio-demographic aspects and risks perception are associated with self-rated community participation for persons living with and without dementia (n = 70) in Switzerland. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with questionnaires (ACT-OUT, MoCA, sociodemographic). First, we investigated whether the number of places visited was correlated with self-rated participation; then we added socio-demographic and risks perception factors with a bivariate analysis; and searched for a model using multinomial logistic regressions.Results: For the group of participants living with dementia, risks of falling (p =.014) and of getting lost (p =.037) were significantly associated with self-rated participation. For the group of participants living without dementia, visiting places outside the home was significantly associated with self-rated participation, especially visiting places in domain D/places for recreational and physical activities (p =.005).Discussion and conclusions: The results of exploring multiple factors and searching for a model highlights the complexity of community participation as a construct. Risks and visiting places for recreational and physical activities seem to play a role in self-rated participation. Mobile interviews might be better suited to gain in-depth understanding on community participation for persons living with dementia.
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| 24. |
- Monclús, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Legacy and emerging organohalogenated compounds in feathers of Eurasian eagle-owls (Bubo bubo) in Norway : Spatiotemporal variations and associations with dietary proxies (δ13C and δ15N)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The occurrence of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in wildlife has received considerable attention over the last decades. Among the matrices used for OHCs biomonitoring, feathers are particularly useful as they can be collected in a minimally or non-invasive manner. In this study, concentrations of various legacy OHCs –polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)–, as well as emerging OHCs –per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPEs)– were determined in feathers of 72 Eurasian eagle-owls (Bubo bubo) from Norway, with the goal of studying spatiotemporal variation using a non-invasive approach. Molted feathers were collected at nest sites from northern, central and southern Norway across four summers (2013–2016). Additionally, two museum-archived feathers from 1979 to 1989 were included. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) were used as dietary proxies. In total, 11 PFAS (sum range 8.25–215.90 ng g−1), 15 PCBs (4.19–430.01 ng g−1), 6 OCPs (1.48–220.94 ng g−1), 5 PBDEs (0.21–5.32 ng g−1) and 3 OPEs (4.49–222.21 ng g−1) were quantified. While we observed large variation in the values of both stable isotopes, suggesting a diverse diet of the eagle-owls, only δ13C seemed to explain variation in PFAS concentrations. Geographic area and year were influential factors for δ15N and δ13C. Considerable spatial variation was observed in PFAS levels, with the southern area showing higher levels compared to northern and central Norway. For the rest of OHCs, we observed between-year variations; sum concentrations of PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs and OPEs reached a maximum in 2015 and 2016. Concentrations from 1979 to 1989 were within the ranges observed between 2013 and 2016. Overall, our data indicate high levels of legacy and emerging OHCs in a top predator in Norway, further highlighting the risk posed by OHCs to wildlife.
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| 25. |
- Mózsik, László, et al.
(författare)
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CRISPR-based transcriptional activation tool for silent genes in filamentous fungi
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Filamentous fungi are historically known to be a rich reservoir of bioactive compounds that are applied in a myriad of fields ranging from crop protection to medicine. The surge of genomic data available shows that fungi remain an excellent source for new pharmaceuticals. However, most of the responsible biosynthetic gene clusters are transcriptionally silent under laboratory growth conditions. Therefore, generic strategies for activation of these clusters are required. Here, we present a genome-editing-free, transcriptional regulation tool for filamentous fungi, based on the CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) methodology. Herein, a nuclease-defective mutant of Cas9 (dCas9) was fused to a highly active tripartite activator VP64-p65-Rta (VPR) to allow for sgRNA directed targeted gene regulation. dCas9-VPR was introduced, together with an easy to use sgRNA “plug-and-play” module, into a non-integrative AMA1-vector, which is compatible with several filamentous fungal species. To demonstrate its potential, this vector was used to transcriptionally activate a fluorescent reporter gene under the control of the penDE core promoter in Penicillium rubens. Subsequently, we activated the transcriptionally silent, native P. rubens macrophorin biosynthetic gene cluster by targeting dCas9-VPR to the promoter region of the transcription factor macR. This resulted in the production of antimicrobial macrophorins. This CRISPRa technology can be used for the rapid and convenient activation of silent fungal biosynthetic gene clusters, and thereby aid in the identification of novel compounds such as antimicrobials.
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| 26. |
- Mózsik, László, et al.
(författare)
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Modular synthetic biology toolkit for filamentous fungi
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Synthetic Biology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2161-5063. ; 10:11, s. 2850-2861
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Filamentous fungi are highly productive cell factories, often used in industry for the production of enzymes and small bioactive compounds. Recent years have seen an increasing number of synthetic-biology-based applications in fungi, emphasizing the need for a synthetic biology toolkit for these organisms. Here we present a collection of 96 genetic parts, characterized in Penicillium or Aspergillus species, that are compatible and interchangeable with the Modular Cloning system. The toolkit contains natural and synthetic promoters (constitutive and inducible), terminators, fluorescent reporters, and selection markers. Furthermore, there are regulatory and DNA-binding domains of transcriptional regulators and components for implementing different CRISPR-based technologies. Genetic parts can be assembled into complex multipartite assemblies and delivered through genomic integration or expressed from an AMA1-sequence-based, fungal-replicating shuttle vector. With this toolkit, synthetic transcription units with established promoters, fusion proteins, or synthetic transcriptional regulation devices can be more rapidly assembled in a standardized and modular manner for novel fungal cell factories.
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| 27. |
- Mózsik, László, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic control devices for gene regulation in Penicillium chrysogenum
- 2019
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Ingår i: Microbial Cell Factories. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2859. ; 18:1, s. 203-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Orthogonal, synthetic control devices were developed for Penicillium chrysogenum, a model filamentous fungus and industrially relevant cell factory. In the synthetic transcription factor, the QF DNA-binding domain of the transcription factor of the quinic acid gene cluster of Neurospora crassa is fused to the VP16 activation domain. This synthetic transcription factor controls the expression of genes under a synthetic promoter containing quinic acid upstream activating sequence (QUAS) elements, where it binds. A gene cluster may demand an expression tuned individually for each gene, which is a great advantage provided by this system. RESULTS: The control devices were characterized with respect to three of their main components: expression of the synthetic transcription factors, upstream activating sequences, and the affinity of the DNA binding domain of the transcription factor to the upstream activating domain. This resulted in synthetic expression devices, with an expression ranging from hardly detectable to a level similar to that of highest expressed native genes. The versatility of the control device was demonstrated by fluorescent reporters and its application was confirmed by synthetically controlling the production of penicillin. CONCLUSIONS: The characterization of the control devices in microbioreactors, proved to give excellent indications for how the devices function in production strains and conditions. We anticipate that these well-characterized and robustly performing control devices can be widely applied for the production of secondary metabolites and other compounds in filamentous fungi.
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| 28. |
- Mózsik, László, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic control devices for gene regulation in Penicillium chrysogenum
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Synthetic biology aims at controlled gene regulation that can lead to increased production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In this work synthetic control devices were developed for Penicillium chrysogenum, a model filamentous fungus and industrially relevant cell factory.
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| 29. |
- Myhre, Peder L., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic Value of Secretoneurin in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure : Data from the FINNALI Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9147 .- 1530-8561. ; 62:10, s. 1380-1389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We examined whether secretoneurin (SN), a biomarker associated with cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, provides prognostic information in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).METHODS: We included 490 patients with ARF, defined as ventilatory support >6 h, with blood samples available on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). SN concentrations were measured by RIA.RESULTS: A total of 209 patients (43%) were hospitalized with cardiovascular (CV)-related ARF, and 90-day mortality rates were comparable between CV- and non CV-related ARF (n = 281): 31% vs 24%, P = 0.11. Admission SN concentrations were higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors in both CV -related (median 148 [quartile 1-3, 117-203] vs 108 [87-143] pmol/L, P < 0.001) and non CV-related ARF (139 [115-184] vs 113 [91-139] pmol/L, P < 0.001). In patients with CV -related ARF, SN concentrations on ICU admission were associated with 90-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.97 (95% CI, 1.04-3.73, P = 0.04)] after adjusting for established risk indices, including N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations. SN also improved patient classification in CV -related ARF as assessed by the net reclassification index: 0.32 (95% CI, 0.04-0.59), P = 0.03. The area under the curve (AUC) of SN to predict mortality in patients with CV -related ARF was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65-0.79), and the AUC of NT-proBNP was 0.64 (0.56-0.73). In contrast, SN concentrations on ICU admission did not provide incremental prognostic value to established risk indices in patients with non CV-related ARF, and the AUC was 0.67 (0.60-0.75).CONCLUSIONS: SN concentrations measured on ICU admission provided incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in patients with CV -related ARF, but not in patients with non CV-related ARF.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Nygård, L, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing motor and process ability of persons with suspected dementia in home and clinic settings
- 1994
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Ingår i: American Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 0272-9490 .- 1943-7676. ; 48:8, s. 689-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Evaluating functional level of persons with diagnosed or suspected dementia is an important part of occupational therapy. The importance of the environment is often highlighted. We investigated the ability of clients with suspected dementia to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in the clinic versus in their homes.METHOD: We used the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) to measure the motor and process skill ability of 19 clients with suspected dementia.RESULTS: Using two-tailed paired t-tests, we found no overall difference in IADL motor or process performance between the clinic and home setting. However, of the 19 clients, 6 had motor ability measures, whereas 5 had process ability measures that differed significantly between the two settings.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that if we want to know how a person with suspected dementia performs in IADLs in a specific environment we should test him or her in that environment.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Nygård, Odd, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of the secondary structure of expansion segment 39 in ribosomes from fungi, plants and mammals
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2836 .- 1089-8638. ; 357:3, s. 904-916
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of expansion segment 39, E539, in eukaryotic 23 S-like ribosomal RNA was analysed using a combination of chemical and enzymic reagents. Ribosomes were isolated from yeast, wheat, mouse, rat and rabbit, five organisms representing three different eukaryotic kingdoms. The isolated ribosomes were treated with structure-sensitive chemical and enzymic reagents and the modification patterns analysed by primer extension and gel electrophoresis on an ABI 377 automated DNA sequencer. The expansion segment was relatively accessible to modification by both enzymic and chemical probes, suggesting that ES39 was exposed on the surface of the ribosomes. The collected modification data were used in secondary structure modelling of the expansion segment. Despite considerable variation in both sequence and length between organisms from different kingdoms, the structure analysis of the expansion segment gave rise to structural fingerprints that allowed identification of homologous structures in ES39 from fungi, plants and mammals. The homologous structures formed an initial helix and an invariant hairpin connected to the initial helix via a long single-stranded loop. The remaining part of the ES39 sequences accounted for most of the length variation seen between the analysed species. This part could form additional, albeit less similar, hairpins. A comparison of ES39 sequences from other fungi, plants and mammals showed that identical structures could be formed in these organisms.
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| 35. |
- Nygård Skalman, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Business Models for Open Horizontal IPTV
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proc. 12th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC), Stockholm, Sweden, June 2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Pohl, Carsten, et al.
(författare)
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Genome editing in penicillium chrysogenum using cas9 ribonucleoprotein particles
- 2018
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Ingår i: Methods in Molecular Biology. - New York, NY : Springer New York. - 1940-6029 .- 1064-3745. ; 1772, s. 213-232
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several CRISPR/Cas9 tools have been recently established for precise genome editing in a wide range of filamentous fungi. This genome editing platform offers high flexibility in target selection and the possibility of introducing genetic deletions without the introduction of transgenic sequences. This chapter describes an approach for the transformation of Penicillium chrysogenum protoplasts with preassembled ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) consisting of purified Cas9 protein and in vitro transcribed single guide RNA (sgRNA) for the deletion of genome sequences or their replacement with alternative sequences. This method is potentially transferable to all fungal strains where protoplasts can be obtained from.
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| 38. |
- Price, Alison J, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Folate and Vitamin B12 and Risk of Prostate Cancer : A Collaborative Analysis of Individual Participant Data from Six Cohorts Including 6875 Cases and 8104 Controls.
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0302-2838 .- 1873-7560. ; 70:6, s. 941-951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Folate and vitamin B12 are essential for maintaining DNA integrity and may influence prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but the association with clinically relevant, advanced stage, and high-grade disease is unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between circulating folate and vitamin B12 concentrations and risk of PCa overall and by disease stage and grade.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A study was performed with a nested case-control design based on individual participant data from six cohort studies including 6875 cases and 8104 controls; blood collection from 1981 to 2008, and an average follow-up of 8.9 yr (standard deviation 7.3). Odds ratios (ORs) of incident PCa by study-specific fifths of circulating folate and vitamin B12 were calculated using multivariable adjusted conditional logistic regression.OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Incident PCa and subtype by stage and grade.RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Higher folate and vitamin B12 concentrations were associated with a small increase in risk of PCa (ORs for the top vs bottom fifths were 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.26], ptrend=0.018, for folate and 1.12 [95% CI, 1.01-1.25], ptrend=0.017, for vitamin B12), with no evidence of heterogeneity between studies. The association with folate varied by tumour grade (pheterogeneity<0.001); higher folate concentration was associated with an elevated risk of high-grade disease (OR for the top vs bottom fifth: 2.30 [95% CI, 1.28-4.12]; ptrend=0.001), with no association for low-grade disease. There was no evidence of heterogeneity in the association of folate with risk by stage or of vitamin B12 with risk by stage or grade of disease (pheterogeneity>0.05). Use of single blood-sample measurements of folate and B12 concentrations is a limitation.CONCLUSIONS: The association between higher folate concentration and risk of high-grade disease, not evident for low-grade disease, suggests a possible role for folate in the progression of clinically relevant PCa and warrants further investigation.PATIENT SUMMARY: Folate, a vitamin obtained from foods and supplements, is important for maintaining cell health. In this study, however, men with higher blood folate levels were at greater risk of high-grade (more aggressive) prostate cancer compared with men with lower folate levels. Further research is needed to investigate the possible role of folate in the progression of this disease.
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| 39. |
- Ribas, D., et al.
(författare)
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Yeast as a tool to express sugar acid transporters with biotechnological interest
- 2017
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Ingår i: FEMS Yeast Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1567-1356 .- 1567-1364. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sugar acids can be used as platform chemicals to generate primary building blocks of industrially relevant products. Microbial production of these organic compounds at high yields requires the engineering of the enzymatic machinery and the presence of plasma membrane transporters able to export them outside the cells. In this study, several yeast carboxylic acid transporters belonging to the Jen family were screened for the transport of biotechnologically relevant sugar acids, namely gluconic, saccharic, mucic, xylaric and xylonic acid, and functionally characterised in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that Jen permeases are capable of transporting most of these sugar acids, although with different specificities. Saccharate is a substrate of the transporters ScJen1-S271Q and KlJen2, gluconate of CaJen2 and KlJen2, and xylarate and mucate of CaJen2. A molecular docking approach of these transporters identified the residues that play a major role in the substrate binding of these sugar acids, namely R188 (ScJen1), R122 (CaJen2) and R127 (KlJen2), all equivalent residues (TMS II). The identification of Jen members as sugar acid transporters can contribute to engineering efficient microbial cell factories with increased sugar acid production, as the ScJen1 is able to promote substrate efflux.
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| 40. |
- Sataøen, Hogne L., 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Omdømmehåndtering i høyere utdanning : Argumentasjon og selvfremstilling i studiekataloger
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordiske organisasjonsstudier. - : Fagbokforlaget. - 1501-8237. ; 20:1, s. 45-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reputation management is an important practice for contemporary highereducation institutions. In this article, the viewbooks of 9 Norwegian universitiesand university colleges are analyzed. We find that higher educationinstitutions often communicate a complex, diverse and sometimes evencontradictory profile towards prospective students. Further, we find manysimilarities between the different viewbooks, and a limited degree of sharpdistinctions towards competitors. This is not in line with the dominatingrecommendations of the management literature on the topic, claiming thata strong reputation is built through consistent communication and differentiationvis-à-vis competitors. We ask if the findings signalize an institutionalizationof the image of which characteristics a “good higher educationinstitutions” must possess, limiting the space for reputation building througha more singular and distinct profile. Higher education institutions must payattention to diverse (and often conflicting) goals and values in their reputationmanagement, and incorporate them simultaneously in their communicationto achieve legitimacy.
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| 41. |
- Steiro, Ole-Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical risk scores identify more patients at risk for cardiovascular events within 30 days as compared to standard ACS risk criteria : the WESTCOR study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 10:3, s. 287-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Troponin-based algorithms are made to identify myocardial infarctions (MIs) but adding either standard acute coronary syndrome (ACS) risk criteria or a clinical risk score may identify more patients eligible for early discharge and patients in need of urgent revascularization. Methods and results Post-hoc analysis of the WESTCOR study including 932 patients (mean 63years, 61% male) with suspected NSTE-ACS. Serum samples were collected at 0, 3, and 8-12h and high-sensitivity cTnT (Roche Diagnostics) and cTnI (Abbott Diagnostics) were analysed. The primary endpoint was MI, all-cause mortality, and unplanned revascularizations within 30days. Secondary endpoint was non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) during index hospitalization. Two combinations were compared: troponin-based algorithms (ESC 0/3h and the High-STEACS algorithm) and either ACS risk criteria recommended in the ESC guidelines, or one of eleven clinical risk scores, HEART, mHEART, CARE, GRACE, T-MACS, sT-MACS, TIMI, EDACS, sEDACS, Goldman, and Geleijnse-Sanchis. The prevalence of primary events was 21%. Patients ruled out for NSTEMI and regarded low risk of ACS according to ESC guidelines had 3.8-4.9% risk of an event, primarily unplanned revascularizations. Using HEART score instead of ACS risk criteria reduced the number of events to 2.2-2.7%, with maintained efficacy. The secondary endpoint was met by 13%. The troponin-based algorithms without evaluation of ACS risk missed three-index NSTEMIs with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.5% and 99.6%. Conclusion Combining ESC 0/3h or the High-STEACS algorithm with standardized clinical risk scores instead of ACS risk criteria halved the prevalence of rule-out patients in need of revascularization, with maintained efficacy.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Utko, P., et al.
(författare)
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Coupling between electronic and vibrational excitations in carbon nanotubes filled with C(60) fullerenes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Physica Polonica A. - 0587-4246. ; 120:5, s. 839-841
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the low-temperature electron transport through C60 peapods, which are carbon nanotubes encapsulating C60 fullerenes. We find that the temperature dependence of the Coulomb blockade oscillations in peapod quantum dots deviates from conventional Breit–Wigner behavior, showing signatures of the Franck–Condon blockade of conductance. This indicates the presence of a coupling between electronic states and vibrational excitations. Unlike for suspended empty nanotubes, these are not intrinsic vibrational modes of the tube but mechanical vibrations of the encapsulated fullerenes that affect the electronic transport. Fullerene peapods thus emerge as a new class of nanoelectromechanical systems.
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| 44. |
- Viggiano, Annarita, et al.
(författare)
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Pathway for the biosynthesis of the pigment chrysogine by Penicillium chrysogenum
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 1098-5336 .- 0099-2240. ; 84:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chrysogine is a yellow pigment produced by Penicillium chrysogenum and other filamentous fungi. Although the pigment was first isolated in 1973, its biosynthetic pathway has so far not been resolved. Here, we show that deletion of the highly expressed nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene Pc21g12630 (chyA) resulted in a decrease in the production of chrysogine and 13 related compounds in the culture broth of P. chrysogenum. Each of the genes of the chyAcontaining gene cluster was individually deleted, and corresponding mutants were examined by metabolic profiling in order to elucidate their function. The data suggest that the NRPS ChyA mediates the condensation of anthranilic acid and alanine into the intermediate 2-(2-aminopropanamido)benzoic acid, which was verified by feeding experiments of a ΔchyA strain with the chemically synthesized product. The remainder of the pathway is highly branched, yielding at least 13 chrysogine-related compounds.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Wiebe, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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A novel aldose-aldose oxidoreductase for co-production of D-xylonate and xylitol from D-xylose with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0614 .- 0175-7598. ; 99:22, s. 9439-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An open reading frame CC1225 from the Caulobacter crescentus CB15 genome sequence belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA protein family and has 47 % amino acid sequence identity with the glucose-fructose oxidoreductase from Zymomonas mobilis (Zm GFOR). We expressed the ORF CC1225 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and used a yeast strain expressing the gene coding for Zm GFOR as a reference. Cell extracts of strains overexpressing CC1225 (renamed as Cc aaor) showed some Zm GFOR type of activity, producing D-gluconate and D-sorbitol when a mixture of D-glucose and D-fructose was used as substrate. However, the activity in Cc aaor expressing strain was >100-fold lower compared to strains expressing Zm gfor. Interestingly, C. crescentus AAOR was clearly more efficient than the Zm GFOR in converting in vitro a single sugar substrate D-xylose (10 mM) to xylitol without an added cofactor, whereas this type of activity was very low with Zm GFOR. Furthermore, when cultured in the presence of D-xylose, the S. cerevisiae strain expressing Cc aaor produced nearly equal concentrations of D-xylonate and xylitol (12.5 g D-xylonate l(-1) and 11.5 g D-xylitol l(-1) from 26 g D-xylose l(-1)), whereas the control strain and strain expressing Zm gfor produced only D-xylitol (5 g l(-1)). Deletion of the gene encoding the major aldose reductase, Gre3p, did not affect xylitol production in the strain expressing Cc aaor, but decreased xylitol production in the strain expressing Zm gfor. In addition, expression of Cc aaor together with the D-xylonolactone lactonase encoding the gene xylC from C. crescentus slightly increased the final concentration and initial volumetric production rate of both D-xylonate and D-xylitol. These results suggest that C. crescentus AAOR is a novel type of oxidoreductase able to convert the single aldose substrate D-xylose to both its oxidized and reduced product.
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