| 1. |
- Nygård, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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What happens when people develop dementia whilst working? : An exploratory multiple case study
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study is an in-depth exploration of the unfolding experiences of five persons who developed dementia while still in paid work/employment, and of their significant others. Namely, we explore how they experienced the actions and decisions taken with respect to work, and what the consequences meant to them.Methods A qualitative longitudinal case study design with multiple cases was used, including five participants with dementia and significant others of their choice. Interviews were undertaken longitudinally and analysed with the Formal Data-Structure Analysis approach.Results The joint analysis resulted in two intertwined themes: 1) The significance and consequences of a dementia diagnosis: a double-edged trigger, and 2) Sensemaking and agency. The prevalent images of what dementia is, who can/cannot get it and what it will bring, were revealed as the critical aspects. Having the opportunity to make sense of what has happened and participate in decision-making, contributed decisively to the participants? experiences.Conclusions Findings illustrate how a dementia diagnosis is alien in work-life, but once diagnosed, it may trigger self-fulfiling expectations based upon stereotypical understanding of dementia. A shift is needed from a deficit-focused perspective, to viewing people with dementia as citizens capable of agency.
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| 2. |
- Boman, Inga-Lill, et al.
(författare)
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First steps in designing a videophone for people with dementia : Identification of users' potentials and the requirements of communication technology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; sept:5, s. 356-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To identify, based on the literature, people with dementia´s potentials to manage an easy-to-use videophone, and to develop a videophone requirement specification for people with dementia.Method:The study is based on the Inclusive Design method, utilising the first two of four phases. Content analyses of literature reviews were used to identify users´potentials for managing a videophone and to gather recommendations regarding communication technology design for the target group. Existing videophones in Sweden were examined regarding potentia fit to users with dementia.Findings: This led to detailed identification of cognitive, physical and psychosocial challenges that people with dementia will probably have when using an ordinary telephone or videophone. A requirement specification for videophone design to fit users with dementia was formulated, with the seven principles of Universal Design as a framework.Conclusions: The requirement specification presented here is aimed at designing a videophone but might also facilitate design of other products for people with dementia, particularly in the field of communication technology. Based on this, further work will focus on developing a design concept and a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and their significant others, i.e. the final two design process phases.
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| 3. |
- Boman, Inga-Lill, et al.
(författare)
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Users' and professionals' contributions in the process of designing an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 9:2, s. 164-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To develop a design concept for an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia and to evaluate the design and need of such a product.Method: In this project, we have used an inclusive design approach that includes the target users in the design process. In an earlier study, the need of a videophone was examined and a requirement specification was developed. In this study, a preliminary design concept was developed. Five focus groups of people with dementia, significant others and occupational therapists working with people with dementia were formed to capture their experiences, expectations and thoughts concerning the videophone and the design concept. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach.Findings: The participants pointed out that the design of the videophone should be flexible in order to meet the needs of people with dementia, be easy-to-use and not look like assistive technology. In order to facilitate learning, the videophone should be introduced in an early stage of the disease.Conclusions: A videophone has potentials to enable videophone calls without assistance, add quality in communication and provide possibilities for monitoring. Further work will focus on developing a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and significant others.Implications for RehabilitationAn easy-to-use videophone was viewed as an important device that could support people with dementia in making videophone calls without assistance. It was also viewed as a product that significant others could use for monitoring the person with dementia, for example to judge the well-being of the person. But monitoring should be used with caution and not without the consent of the person with dementia.It was viewed as important that the videophone be introduced in an early stage of the disease in order to facilitate learning, so that the person can get used to the new way of making telephone calls and incorporate the new habit in his/her routines.In order to motivate people with dementia to start using a videophone, it was recommended that the videophone should be introduced as a product which is a pleasure to use, and not as a compensation for impairment or to solve a problem.
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| 4. |
- Borell, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative approaches in occupational therapy research
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21, s. 80-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Development of research in occupational therapy requires a continuous critical discussion concerning methodological approaches. In this paper the authors wish to contribute to such a discussion by introducing the Formal Data-Structure Analysis approach (FDSA) as a method for understanding people's experiences. Methods and results: A review of selected publications from occupational therapy journals between 2003 and 2005 illustrated that qualitative articles within occupational therapy publications were mainly descriptive in nature. This finding raises questions about how to develop new knowledge that contributes to occupational therapy. Conclusions: In this paper the authors suggest that it is possible to apply the FDSA approach not only when describing and categorizing qualitative phenomena, but also when aiming to reach an in-depth understanding of issues related to human meaning-making; for example, how we understand engagement in occupations or living with a disability. Examples of the application of the FDSA approach are included and discussed.
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| 5. |
- Borell, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative approaches in occupational therapy research
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 19:6, s. 521-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Development of research in occupational therapy requires a continuous critical discussion concerning methodological approaches. In this paper the authors wish to contribute to such a discussion by introducing the Formal Data-Structure Analysis approach (FDSA) as a method for understanding people's experiences. Methods and results: A review of selected publications from occupational therapy journals between 2003 and 2005 illustrated that qualitative articles within occupational therapy publications were mainly descriptive in nature. This finding raises questions about how to develop new knowledge that contributes to occupational therapy. Conclusions: In this paper the authors suggest that it is possible to apply the FDSA approach not only when describing and categorizing qualitative phenomena, but also when aiming to reach an in-depth understanding of issues related to human meaning-making; for example, how we understand engagement in occupations or living with a disability. Examples of the application of the FDSA approach are included and discussed.
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| 6. |
- Brorsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Accessibility in public space as perceived by people with Alzheimer´s disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: Dementia. - : SAGE Publications. - 1471-3012 .- 1741-2684. ; :aug 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most people with dementia remain living at home as long as possible after being diagnosed, and hence their lives also include activities in the public space. The aim of this study was to illuminate experiences of accessibility in public space in people with Alzheimer’s disease. A qualitative grounded theory approach with repeated in-depth interviews was used. The core category, accessibility as a constantly changing experience, was characterized by changes in the relationship between informants and public space. Changes in the relationship took place in activities and use of place and related to familiarity and comfort, individual motives and interests, and planning and protecting. Other changes occurred in places and problematic situations related to everyday technologies, crowded places with high tempo and noise, and change of landmarks. These changes reduced feelings of accessibility and increased difficulties in carrying out activities in public space. These findings may be helpful when providing support, and supporting community living.
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| 7. |
- Brorsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Managing critical incidents in grocery shopping by community-living people with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 4:20, s. 292-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: People with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain in their ordinary housing and continue to use public space despite increasing disabilities. The aim of this study was to discover and describe problematic situations and critical incidents that took place when people with AD performed the ordinary outside-home activity of grocery shopping and how these were met by them. Methods: Individual interviews (n = 12) and participant observations (n = 8) with six informants were performed and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results: The findings are presented in six categories and each category describes different critical incidents and actions used to meet these. The categories were: (a) Remembering to bring things when leaving home, (b) Finding the way to and from the grocery shop without getting lost, (c) Finding a way through traffic when not feeling safe, (d) Finding objects when organization is disrupted, (e) Choosing when a lot of objects and products are available, and (f) Finding a method to pay when payment opportunities are restricted. The core category, “A challenging and unstable process of meeting critical incidents in grocery shopping”, was characterised by reflections and creativity to achieve relative harmony in each critical incident. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is important that relatives and professionals take into account relevant actions to help people with AD coordinate with their environment.Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/11038128.2012.752031
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| 8. |
- Dahlström, Carolin, et al.
(författare)
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Uni- and bimanual goal-directed arm movement organization in children at 6-9 years : Effects of a preterm birth
- 2014
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Ingår i: Congress Programme. 1st Clinical Movement Analysis Word Conference. ; , s. 110-110
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION and AIMPsychomotor deficits are more commonly reported among children born preterm (PT) than those born full-term (FT). Further, evidence exists for more covert motor problems in children born preterm at school age [1]. Such findings may be associated with a more immature spatiotemporal model of movements and lower cognitive functioning in children born PT than FT [2]. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gestational age (GA) on uni- and bimanual goal-directed arm movement organization and on cognitive functioning in children at school age.PATIENTS/MATERIALS and METHODSParticipants consisted of 88 children between 6-9 years of age (M = 7.7 years; 40 PT, 19 girls; 48 FT, 22 girls) without known developmental delays or deviations. Children born PT were divided into two subgroups: moderately PT (M-PT), 34-36 weeks’ gestation (GW), and very PT (V-PT), < 34 GW. Movement kinematics were examined during performance of a goal-directed task, where the participants pushed three buttons in a sequential order in two different directions (vertical or horizontal) with either the right or left hand (unimanual) and with both hands simultaneously (bimanual). Movements were recorded by a 6-camera movement registration system (240Hz, ProReflex) and the number of movement units (MUs) was derived from head, shoulders, elbow, and wrist movement velocity profiles. Cognitive function in terms of verbal IQ (VIQ) and full scale IQ (FSIQ) was measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition (WISC-IV).RESULTSOverall, a significant difference between the groups regarding number of MUs and FSIQ was found. In general, children born V-PT showed more MUs compared with the FT and M-PT group. Regardless of group, a significant higher amount of MUs was found in the bimanual condition than in the unimanual, and during horizontal movement performance in comparison with vertical. Furthermore, GA was significant negatively correlated with number of MUs for right and left wrist and right elbow, and also with FSIQ.DISCUSSION and CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that lower GAs are associated with both more segmented goal-directed arm movements as well as with lower general cognitive ability. During the more demanding tasks, i.e. bimanual and horizontal movements, this association became particularly evident, where the children born V-PT exhibited the greatest difficulties. Thus, this indicate immature spatio-temporal movement organization as a long-lasting effect of risk factors associated with a preterm birth, specifically for children born V-PT, that may be related to lower cognitive function. Further, limitations in kinematic degrees of freedom, leading to restricted amounts of solutions when solving a motor task, may also partly explain these findings.REFERENCES[1] Bracewell, M. & Marlow, N. (2002). Patterns of motor disability in very preterm children. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 8(4), 241-248.[2] Domellöf, E., Johansson, A-M., Farooqi, A., Domellöf M. & Rönnqvist, L. (2013). Relations among upper-limb movement organization and cognitive function at school age in children born preterm. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 34(5), 344-352.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Fallahpour, Mandana, et al.
(författare)
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Communication and engagement as potentiality in everyday life between persons with young onset dementia living in a nursing home and caregivers
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To explore communication and engagement in everyday situations between persons with young-onset dementia (YOD) living in a nursing home (NH) and the caregivers. Methods: The study draws on ethnographic methods aligned with participatory design. Three residents with YOD living in a NH and eight staff members were recruited. A narrative approach was used for data collection and analysis. Findings: Three narrative vignettes were developed representing everyday situations in which communication and engagement was enacted among residents and caregiver staff: (a) waiting for something to happen, (b) tensions about everyday communication, and (c) negotiating a combined living + working environment. The findings stress a paradoxical tension rooted in the NH as residence and workplace as well as place of calm and place of boredom. The everyday situations are interpreted differently from the perspective of the residents and staff. Conclusion: The identified paradox of planned and spontaneous situations influences communication and engagement in everyday life, and the potentiality for active engagement embedded in contexts of units for residents with YOD. The degree to which everyday activities and encounters are redefined and renegotiated is an important part of caregiving practices in NH settings for residents with YOD.
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| 12. |
- Fallahpour, Mandana, et al.
(författare)
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Participation after acquired brain injury : Associations with everyday technology and activities in daily life
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 22:5, s. 366-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The development of the information society has led to increased use of everyday technology and changed theconditions for participation. Enabling participation in everyday life situations is an important rehabilitation goal after acquiredbrain injury (ABI). Identifying factors associated with individuals’ experienced participation and problems therein is thereforeessential. Objective: This study aimed at exploring the relationship between perceived difficulty in everyday technology use,perceived ability in the activities of daily living (ADL), and perceived participation, and participation problems in persons withABI. Methods: Eighty-one persons with ABI participated in the study and were assessed by the Impact on Participation andAutonomy questionnaire, the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, and the ADL taxonomy. Results: Findings showed thatthe combined model of difficulty in everyday technology (ET) use, ADL ability, and the interaction between them explainedboth participation in various domains of everyday life, and also overall level of perceived participation and the perceivedproblems. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of evaluating individuals’ ability in both ET use and ADL afterABI to increase the probability of explaining these persons’ participation in desired everyday life situations and, also, forrehabilitation design.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Gaber, Sophie Nadia, et al.
(författare)
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Enacting citizenship through participation in a technological society : a longitudinal three-year study among people with dementia in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:2, s. 276-297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of Everyday Technology (ET) use is presented as subsidiary or neutral in policy for age- and dementia-friendly communities; and yet, research suggests that older people, especially those with dementia, experience increased challenges using ET in their everyday lives. Through the lens of micro-citizenship, the study aims to deepen the knowledge about how use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, relates to participation in places visited within public space among people with dementia over time. Using a longitudinal study design, 35 people with dementia were recruited at baseline and followed over three years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using standardised questionnaires: the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Random intercept modelling and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Throughout the three-year study, decreasing use of ET outside the home, including portable ETs, was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when controlling for age (F = 7.59, p = 0.01). The findings indicate that facilitating access and use of ET outside the home, among people with dementia, should be integral to promoting and maintaining participation in age- and dementia-friendly communities.
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| 15. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Everyday technologies and public space participation among people with and without dementia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - Stockholm : SAGE Publications. - 0008-4174 .- 1911-9828. ; 86:5, s. 400-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Occupational therapists support everyday technology use; however, it is necessary to consider the challenges that people with dementia encounter with everyday technologies when participating in various places within public space.Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore stability and change in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of everyday technologies used within public space.Method: People with dementia (n = 35) and people with no known cognitive impairment (n = 34) were interviewed using the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Data analysis used modern and classical test theory.Findings: Both samples participated in places within public space; however, participation and relevance of everyday technologies were significantly lower for the dementia group.IMPLICATIONS: To enable participation, occupational therapists need to be aware of challenges that technologies and places within public space present to people with dementia.
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| 16. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Everyday technologies and public space participation among people with and without dementia
- 2019
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - Stockholm : Sage Publications. - 0008-4174 .- 1911-9828. ; 86:5, s. 400-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background.: Occupational therapists support everyday technology use; however, it is necessary to consider the challenges that people with dementia encounter with everyday technologies when participating in various places within public space.Purpose.: The purpose of the study was to explore stability and change in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of everyday technologies used within public space.Method.: People with dementia (n = 35) and people with no known cognitive impairment (n = 34) were interviewed using the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Data analysis used modern and classical test theory.Findings.: Both samples participated in places within public space; however, participation and relevance of everyday technologies were significantly lower for the dementia group.Implications.: To enable participation, occupational therapists need to be aware of challenges that technologies and places within public space present to people with dementia.
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| 17. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Social participation and everyday technology use : A mixed-methods study among people living with and without dementia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Improving the Lives of People with Dementia through Technology. - London : Routledge. - 9781032226675 - 9781003289005 ; , s. 56-70
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and well-being among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology (ET) use and social deprivation of the living environment among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four older people living with dementia and 64 older people without dementia were interviewed using The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed-methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses. Small, statistically significant positive associations were found between social participation and ET use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small statistically significant positive association was identified between social participation and the index of multiple deprivation in the living environment, among only participants living with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation in relation to ET use. The mixed-methods synthesis revealed a nuanced view of ETs, as both useful in not only planning and preparatory activities but also challenging for social participation.
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| 18. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Social Participation in Relation to Technology Use and Social Deprivation : A Mixed Methods Study Among Older People with and without Dementia
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and wellbeing among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology use and social deprivation of the living environment, among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four people with dementia and sixty-four people without dementia were interviewed using standardized questionnaires: The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses, through data visualizations. Small, statistically significant associations were found between social participation and Everyday Technology use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small, statistically significant association was identified between social participation and social deprivation in the living environment, among only participants with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation. The results underline how Everyday Technology use can be assistive to social participation but also the need to consider social deprivation of the living environment, especially among people with dementia.
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| 19. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Social participation in relation to technology use and social deprivation : A mixed methods study among older people with and without dementia
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:11, s. 1-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social participation is a modifiable determinant for health and wellbeing among older people; however, social participation is increasingly dependent on technology use. This study investigated social participation in relation to Everyday Technology use and social deprivation of the living environment, among older people with and without dementia in the United Kingdom. Sixty-four people with dementia and sixty-four people without dementia were interviewed using standardized questionnaires: The Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside Home Questionnaire and Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. A mixed methods approach integrated statistical analyses and content analysis of free-text responses, through data visualizations. Small, statistically significant associations were found between social participation and Everyday Technology use outside home, for participants with dementia (Rs = 0.247; p = 0.049) and without dementia (Rs = 0.343; p = 0.006). A small, statistically significant association was identified between social participation and social deprivation in the living environment, among only participants with dementia (Rs = 0.267, p = 0.033). The content analysis and graphical joint display revealed motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and strategies for managing social participation. The results underline how Everyday Technology use can be assistive to social participation but also the need to consider social deprivation of the living environment, especially among people with dementia. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 20. |
- Gaber, Sophie Nadia
(författare)
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The participation of older people with and without dementia in public space, through the lens of everyday technology use
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Participation in activities and places within public space has been linked to numerous health benefits and yet, little is known about participation among older people with and without dementia. Insights about participation in activities and places within public space can contribute to the somewhat ambiguous definition of participation, as “involvement in a life situation”, by acknowledging the complexity and interrelatedness of subjective, social, contextual, temporal, and technological aspects of participation. Thus, the overarching aim of the four studies was to explore participation in activities and places within public space, among older people with and without dementia in two European countries (Sweden and UK), and to evaluate how different aspects, such as the relevance and perceived ability to use Everyday Technologies (ETs), interact with and influence participation, over time.Across all studies, interviews used the Participation in Activities and Places Outside Home Questionnaire (ACT-OUT) and the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ), in order to focus on the perspectives of older people with and without dementia themselves. Study one explored stability and changes in participation in places visited within public space in relation to the relevance of ETs used in public space, among a baseline Swedish sample. Study two utilised ordinal regression to investigate the ways in which perceived risks and ET use were associated with out-of-home participation, among a UK sample of older people. Using a mixed methods design and data visualisations, study three delved into aspects of social participation in more depth, including ET use and social deprivation of the living environment, among two UK sub-samples of older people with and without dementia. Study four’s longitudinal design and multilevel modelling deepened the knowledge about how use of ET outside home, relates to participation in places visited within public space among a Swedish sample of older people with dementia over time.Study one’s findings demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between a higher person measure of ability to use ETs and higher participation in places visited within public space, among the Swedish sub-sample of older people with dementia but not those without dementia. According to the ordinal regression model in study two, a higher probability of ET use was associated with a higher level of out-of-home participation, among the UK sample of older people. By elucidating motivators, considerations that require extra attention, and management strategies among UK sub-samples of older people with and without dementia, study three provided insights into the nuances of social participation. Finally, study four’s findings revealed that decreasing use of ET outside home was associated with decreasing participation in places visited within public space, in a statistically significant way when accounting for age.In summary, this thesis contributes empirical insights about the participation of older people with and without dementia in activities and places within public space, through the lens of ET use. Such knowledge can be used to develop targeted health and social care planning and the design of more inclusive places, technologies, and services.
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| 21. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
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Challenge levels of everyday technologies as perceived over five years by older adults with mild cognitive impairment
- 2018
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 30:10, s. 1447-1454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In clinical practice, efficient and valid functional markers are needed to detect subtle cognitive and functional decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This prospective study explored whether changes in perceived challenge of certain everyday technologies (ETs) can be used to detect signs of functional change in MCI.Methods: Baseline and five-year data from 37 older adults (mean age 67.5 years) with MCI regarding their perceived ability to use ET were used to generate Rasch-based ET item measures reflecting the relative challenge of 46 ETs. Actual differential item functioning in relation to time was analyzed based on these item measures. Data collection took place in 2008-2014.Results: Seven (15%) of the ETs included were perceived to be significantly more challenging to use at year five compared to at baseline, while 39 ETs (85%) were perceived to be equally challenging to use, despite the fact that the participants' perceived ability to use ET had decreased. Common characteristics among the ETs that became more challenging to use could not be identified. The dropout rate was 43%, which limits the power of the study.Conclusions: Changes in the perceived challenge of ETs seem to capture functional change in persons with cognitive decline. Both easier and more challenging ETs typically used at home and in society need to be addressed to capture this functional change because significant changes occurred among ETs of all challenge levels and within all types of ETs.
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| 22. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
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Changing everyday activities and technology use in mild cognitive impairment
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 79:2, s. 111-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Knowledge of the conditions under which older adults facing cognitive decline engage in everyday activities is of major importance for occupational therapists in designing supportive interventions. This study aimed to investigate perceived activity involvement over time and its longitudinal relationship to perceived ability to use everyday technology in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Method: Thirty-seven older adults with mild cognitive impairment at inclusion were assessed over 4 years. Overall and item-specific activity involvement were analyzed using mixed-linear-effect modeling and differential item functioning. Furthermore, overall activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use were correlated.Results: Overall activity involvement decreased significantly over time. When adjusting for declining ability in the sample, actual differential item functioning indicated descending involvement in seven of 15 activities, while eight activities were stable. All leisure activities descended. The positive correlations between activity involvement and ability in everyday technology use became stronger over time.Conclusion: Variations across activities and time-points suggest that occupational therapists should repeatedly monitor the increasingly associated aspects of activity involvement and ability to use everyday technology in persons with cognitive decline.
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| 23. |
- Hedman, Annicka, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of functioning in older adults with mild cognitive impairment : a two-year study focusing on everyday technology use
- 2013
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 17:6, s. 679-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Early detection is vital for persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who are at risk of activity and participation limitations, and crosssectional studies suggest the ability to use everyday technology (ET) to be a sensible tool. However, group level analyses fail to inform us about how functioning can vary over time for individuals. This study aimed at exploring and describing patterns of functioning over two years in a sample newly classified with MCI, with a special focus on perceived difficulty in ET use and involvement in everyday activities. In addition, cognitive functioning and conversion to dementia were studied. Method: 37 older adults (aged 55) with MCI were assessed at inclusion, and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Longitudinal case plots for the variables under study were analyzed based on strict criteria using a person-oriented approach. Paired t-tests from baseline and 24 months were also conducted to analyze change. Results: The 32 participants who remained in the study after two years showed three distinct patterns of functioning over time: stable/ascending (n = 10), fluctuating (n = 10), and descending (n = 12), with the highest conversion to dementia in the descending pattern (58%). The perceived ability to use ET decreased or fluctuated in 50% of the sample. However, on a group level, a significant difference between baseline and 24 months was found only regarding cognitive function. Conclusion: As the need for support is individual and likely to alter over time, repeated evaluations of activity involvement and difficulty in ET use are suggested to target timely interventions for persons with MCI.
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| 24. |
- Hemmingsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Assistive technology devices in educational settings: Student's perspective. In Assistive technology from adapted equipment to inclusive environments
- 2009
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Ingår i: Assistive technology research series. - 1383-813X. ; 25, s. 619-621
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates use and non-use of assistive technology devices in school from the students' perspective. Specifically, the characteristics of the devices students want to use were examined, as these devices are likely to support school participation. Data collection included a) field observations and interviews with 20 students with disabilities, aged 10-19 years, and their teachers (n=17) and, b) examination of the number and type of assistive technology devices provided. Findings demonstrated it is essential that devices be integrated into classroom activities and that students experience instant benefits for their function in school without negative effects on their social participation with peers if they are to use the devices provided. Social participation was often prioritized by students. Thus, it is important providers understand that students encompass both a functional and a psycho-social perspective to their devices. Furthermore, to facilitate childrens participation in decision-making about possible assistive technology devices they need both verbal information and practical experience of using the devices.
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| 25. |
- Hemmingsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Assistive Technology Devices in mainstream schools; students´ perspective
- 2009
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Ingår i: American Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : AMER OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY ASSOC. - 1943-7676 .- 0272-9490. ; 63:4, s. 463-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE. The use and nonuse of assistive technology devices in school by students with physical disabilities was investigated, and the students’ experiences in using these devices is described.METHOD. We used a mixed-methods approach with predominantly qualitative methods to collect and analyze data, which included observations of and interviews with 20 students with physical disabilities and the number and type of assistive technology devices provided.RESULTS. It is vital that devices be integrated into educational practice and that students experience immediate benefits for their function in everyday school activities without detrimental effects on their social participation. The latter was often more important than being able to perform activities independently.CONCLUSION. The students adopted both a functional and a psychosocial perspective of their devices, and providers should neglect neither. Children and youth need both verbal information and practical experience using devices to be able to make informed decisions.
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| 26. |
- Hwang, Amy S., et al.
(författare)
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Sustaining care for a parent with dementia : an indefinite and intertwined process
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to understand how adult children sustain caring for persons with dementia (PwDs) within their family and formal care contexts in Canada. Half-day focus groups were conducted with adult daughters and adult sons in Toronto, Canada. Using constructivist grounded theory, we examined both substantive concepts and group dynamics. Sustaining care was interpreted as an indefinite process with three intertwined themes: reproducing care demands and dependency, enacting and affirming values, and “flying blind” in how and how long to sustain caring (i.e., responding to immediate needs with limited foresight). Family values and relationships, mistrust toward the institutional and home care systems, and obscured care foresight influenced care decisions and challenged participants in balancing their parents’ needs with their own. Positive and negative aspects of care were found to influence one another. The implications of these findings for research and policy are discussed.
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| 27. |
- Issakainen, Mervi, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of influencing one's own life when living with working-age dementia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:8, s. 1934-1953
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Having opportunities to make decisions and choices regarding one's life is crucial when living with dementia. This inter-disciplinary study draws on the concept of relational autonomy to explore how working-age people living dementia seek to influence their lives, and what makes it easier or more difficult for them in their everyday life. The data consist of three focus group discussions conducted with 12 retired adults who developed dementia while still employed. The results illuminate various resources that enable a person to (a) handle their difficulties at work and related consequences with dignity, (b) manage everyday tasks and live a fulfilling life, and (c) fight the stigma associated with (working-age) dementia. Challenges related to these aspects reported by the participants reveal gaps and obstacles that impede the full realisation of the rights of people living with early onset dementia. This research highlights the need for workplace education for different stakeholders, equal and ongoing access to guidance and counselling for younger people who live with dementia, and an effort by society as a whole to eradicate stigma.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Jakobsson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Does the purpose matter? A comparison of everyday information and communication technologies between eHealth use and general use as perceived by older adults with cognitive impairment.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 17:8, s. 897-906
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Everyday information and communication technologies (EICTs) are increasingly being used in our society, for both general and health-related purposes. This study aims to compare how older adults with cognitive impairment perceive relevance and level of EICT challenge between eHealth use and general use.METHODS: < .05.RESULTS: The result shows that the perceived amount of relevant EICTs for eHealth use was lower in all 16 EICTs compared to those of general use. About the perceived level of challenge, a significant difference was detected in one of the seven included EICTs between eHealth use and general use.CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, all EICTs were perceived as having lower relevance for eHealth use compared to general use, suggesting that the purpose of using an EICT affects the perceived relevance of it. Also, once an EICT is perceived as relevant and used for eHealth purposes, there seem to be little to no differences in perceived challenge compared to the same EICT used for general purposes. Implications for rehabilitation All stakeholders, including health care providers, need to be aware of the hindrances that come with digitalization, making it challenging to many citizens to make use of digital solutions. It is of great importance that social services including eHealth services be tailored to suit the individual/target group. Older adults may need support and an introduction to EICTs to discover the potential relevance of the specific device and/or service.
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| 30. |
- Jakobsson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 33:2, s. 380-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Since health care is facing challenges, with fewer caregivers providing care to more clients, eHealth plays a crucial role. Through eHealth, people are expected to be more involved in their own care. On the part of health care users, eHealth requires use of everyday technology such as telephones and computers, and services through the Internet which might be challenging for older adults with cognitive impairment. AIM: To investigate experiences of using eHealth in contact with health care among older adults with cognitive impairment. METHOD: Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants, aged 65-84 years, with cognitive impairments of varying origins. A constructivist Grounded Theory approach was used. Data collection and analysis were performed simultaneously using a constant comparative method. ETHICAL ISSUES: Ethical approval (Dnr: 2014/906-32) was obtained from the regional ethical committee, Stockholm. RESULTS: The core category, the eHealth staircase supported by habits, is presented as a model that visualises the result. The model includes three steps showing different ways of being in contact with health care through the use of technological devices and services that mirrors different levels of complexity of eHealth use as follows: (i) Analogue use, (ii) One-way-use and (iii) Interactive use. The participants' location on the eHealth staircase was affected by several aspects described in three categories united by habits; A stable relationship with technology: a prerequisite for use; The importance of interpersonal relationships within health care and Being supported by significant others: a prerequisite in contact with health care. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults with cognitive impairments seemed to prefer common and less complex eHealth when contacting health care. Therefore, it is necessary that health care providers offer different possibilities for patients to contact them, that is, both through the Internet and by personal telephone service.
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| 31. |
- Jakobsson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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The use of everyday technology; a comparison of older persons with cognitive impairments' self-reports and their proxies' reports
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 84:7, s. 446-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Older persons with cognitive impairment have often been disregarded in providing information on their own perceptions. This study explored the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies as perceived by persons with cognitive impairment in comparison with their proxies' estimates using the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire. Method In this cross-sectional study, persons with cognitive impairment (n = 21) and their proxies (n = 21) were interviewed on separate occasions with the Short Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, which measures the number of relevant everyday technologies and the ability to use everyday technologies. The data were analysed with t-tests, z-comparisons, and Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results At the group level, no significant differences were found between persons with cognitive impairments' perceptions and their proxies' estimates regarding the number of relevant everyday technologies or the ability to use everyday technologies. On the individual level, significant differences were found in the ability measures within four out of the 21 dyads. Conclusion The persons with cognitive impairment and their proxies verified each other's responses, providing evidence that persons with cognitive impairment should be the primary source for information about their own everyday technology use.
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| 32. |
- Jekel, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Mild cognitive impairment and deficits in instrumental activities of daily living: a systematic review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-9193. ; 7:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is a growing body of evidence that subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) may be present in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is not clear if there are IADL domains that are consistently affected across patients with MCI. In this systematic review, therefore, we aimed to summarize research results regarding the performance of MCI patients in specific IADL (sub)domains compared with persons who are cognitively normal and/or patients with dementia. Methods: The databases PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature in December 2013. Publications from 1999 onward were considered for inclusion. Altogether, 497 articles were retrieved. Reference lists of selected articles were searched for potentially relevant articles. After screening the abstracts of these 497 articles, 37 articles were included in this review. Results: In 35 studies, IADL deficits (such as problems with medication intake, telephone use, keeping appointments, finding things at home and using everyday technology) were documented in patients with MCI. Financial capacity in patients with MCI was affected in the majority of studies. Effect sizes for group differences between patients with MCI and healthy controls were predominantly moderate to large. Performance-based instruments showed slight advantages (in terms of effect sizes) in detecting group differences in IADL functioning between patients with MCI, patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy controls. Conclusion: IADL requiring higher neuropsychological functioning seem to be most severely affected in patients with MCI. A reliable identification of such deficits is necessary, as patients with MCI with IADL deficits seem to have a higher risk of converting to dementia than patients with MCI without IADL deficits. The use of assessment tools specifically designed and validated for patients with MCI is therefore strongly recommended. Furthermore, the development of performance-based assessment instruments should be intensified, as they allow a valid and reliable assessment of subtle IADL deficits in MCI, even if a proxy is not available. Another important point to consider when designing new scales is the inclusion of technology-associated IADL. Novel instruments for clinical practice should be time-efficient and easy to administer.
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| 33. |
- Johansson, Maria, 1967-
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment and its consequences in everyday life
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim was to improve knowledge of the consequences of cognitive dysfunction in everyday life and of instruments to make these assessments. The thesis contains four studies each of different design using different populations.In study I, the relationship between cognitive function, ability to perform activities of daily living and perceived health-related quality of life were investigated in a population of 85-year-old individuals in the community of Linköping (n = 373). The study was part of the Elderly in Linköping Screening Assessment 85 (ELSA 85). Even mild cognitive dysfunction correlated with impaired ability to perform activities of daily living and lower health-related quality of life.In study II, the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of Cognistat, a cognitive screening instrument, were evaluated for identifying individuals with cognitive impairment in a primary care population. Cognistat has relatively good diagnostic accuracy with a sensitivity of 0.85, a specificity of 0.79 and a Clinical Utility Index (CUI) of 0.72. The corresponding values were 0.59, 0.91 and 0.53 for the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and 0.26, 0.88 and 0.20 for the Clock Drawing Test (CDT).In study III, the aim was to develop an instrument measuring self-perceived or caregiver reported ability to perform everyday life activities in persons with suspected cognitive impairment or dementia and to perform psychometric testing of this instrument, named the Cognitive Impairment in Daily Life (CID). The CID was found to have good content validity.In study IV, experiences of cognitive impairment, its consequences in everyday life and the need for support in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia and their relatives were explored. Interviews were performed with five people with MCI, eight people with mild dementia and their relatives (n = 13). The main finding was that persons with MCI and dementia experienced cognitive changes that could be burdensome and result in changed activity patterns.In conclusion, the findings support earlier research and show that cognitive dysfunction even at mild stages has an impact on everyday life and reduces perceived quality of life. To improve interventions for persons with cognitive impairment, it is important to assess not only cognitive function but also its consequences in everyday life activities.
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| 34. |
- Josephsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting everyday activities in Dementia : an intervention study
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 8:5, s. 395-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of an intervention programme designed to support performance in activities of daily living was investigated in four patients with dementia at different levels of severity of impairment. Important features of the programme included that (a) task conditions should be highly supportive, (b) the importance of episodic and semantic memory skills for successful performance should be minimized, (c) an acceptable performance level should be possible to achieve using skills that are relatively well preserved in the disease, and (d) factors related to patients' motivation and habits should be taken into account. Performance gains were evaluated using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills instrument. Results showed intervention-related gains in three patients. One of these patients maintained performance gains when environmental guidance (eg signs) was withdrawn, whereas the other two required environmental guidance in order to exhibit gains. The overall pattern of results suggests that this form of intervention related to everyday functioning in dementia is worthy of further empirical attention.
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| 35. |
- Kottorp, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Access to and use of everyday technology among older people : An occupational justice issue – but for whom?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 23:3, s. 382-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research into older people's use of remote controls, mobile phones, digital home appliances, and computerized communication systems reveals that many have difficulty accessing and using these everyday technologies. By using occupational justice theory as a lens onto this technological development, we argue in this commentary that critical analysis of the findings from an occupational perspective reveals systematic injustices that disadvantage certain sectors of the older population. In particular we propose that, contrary to what might be expected, diagnosis or disability is not the sole marker for a vulnerable population at high risk of occupational injustices. Rather, the empirical findings support that other aspects (e.g., economic, educational) may also be influencing both everyday technology access and use among the older population. In light of these concerns, we argue that (a) occupation-centred outcome measures are needed to target everyday technology populations at risk of occupational injustices, and (b) future studies evaluating the access and use of everyday technology among older people must also monitor and target socio-demographic diversities.
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| 36. |
- Kottorp, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Färdigheter i teknikanvändning bland äldre med/utan kognitiv nedsättning eller förvärvad hjärnskada – en klusteranalys
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund: För att kunna utveckla stödjande interventioner till personer med svårigheter i användning av vardagstekniksåsom mobiltelefoner, biljettautomater och mikrovågsugnar så behövs en detaljerad information om styrkor ochbegränsningar i specifika färdigheter i teknikanvändning.Syfte: Att undersöka om (a) olika distinkta kluster av färdigheter som krävs för att använda vardagsteknik kan identifierasi en blandad grupp av teknikanvändare samt (b) om dessa färdighetskluster är kopplade till ålder, kön, diagnos samt typav vardagsteknik.Metod: 661 bedömningar av hanterande av vardagsteknik med Management of Everyday Technology Assessment(META) från 203 personer (äldre med/utan kognitiv nedsättning eller förvärvad hjärnskada) användes för en retrospektivanalys. Ward’s metod i kombination med en modell for hierarkisk klusteranalys användes för att fastställa och definierafärdighetsklustren. Hypotesprövande parametrisk statistik användes för sambandsanalyser.Resultat/preliminärt resultat: Fyra distinkta kluster av färdigheter kunde identifieras i data. Varje person uppvisade oftastflera olika klusterprofiler i sitt hanterande av vardagsteknik och färdighetsklustren var inte kopplade till diagnos, kön ellertyp av vardagsteknik.Slutsats: Fynden från studien stödjer ett mer dyadiskt baserat person-vardagsteknik tillvägagångssätt i bedömningen avvardagsteknikanvändning. Informationen från de definierade klustren kan också användas for att utveckla fokuseradeguider for intervention och design i vardagsteknikanvändning.
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| 37. |
- Kottorp, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and diagnostic impact on everyday technology use : a differential item functioning (DIF) analysis of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 41:22, s. 2688-2694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As the use of everyday technology is increasingly important for participation in daily activities, more in-depth knowledge of everyday technology use in relation to diagnosis and gender is needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of the perceived challenge of a variety of everyday technologies across different samples of varying diagnoses including both males and females.Methods: This cross-sectional study used 643 data records from clinical and research samples, including persons with dementia or related disorders, acquired brain injury, intellectual disability, various mental or medical disorders, and adults without known diagnoses. The Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire, comprising 93 everyday technology artifacts and services (items) measuring the level of everyday technology challenge and relevance of and perceived ability to use these was used for data gathering. A two-faceted Rasch model in combination with differential item functioning (DIF) analyses were used for comparing item hierarchies across samples.Results: Only three items (3.2%) demonstrated a clinically relevant DIF by gender, and nine items (9.7%) by diagnosis.Discussion: The findings support a stable hierarchy of everyday technology challenge in home and community that can facilitate planning of an accessible and inclusive society from a technological departure point.Implications for RehabilitationThe ability to manage everyday technology is increasingly important for participation in everyday activities at home and in the community for people with and without disabilities.This study demonstrates that differences in perceived challenges in using various everyday technologies across gender and diagnosis are minimal.The findings provide evidence of no or minor systematic bias in testing when using the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire in clinical practice and research.Empirical knowledge about the perceived challenge of specific everyday technologies of people with variations in gender or diagnosis is still sparse, hence this study can inspire practice and future research.
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| 38. |
- Köttl, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Depression, everyday technology use and life satisfaction in older adults with cognitive impairments : a cross-sectional exploratory study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 35:1, s. 233-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONAL: Life satisfaction is strongly associated with participation in everyday life activities. Yet, older adults with cognitive impairments have been found to experience difficulties in accessing and engaging in more complex everyday activities, especially, if these involve everyday technology. Considering the rapidly advancing technological landscape, this may substantially affect individuals' life satisfaction and their participation in meaningful community-based and home-based activities.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the associations between life satisfaction, ability to use everyday technology and number of relevant everyday technologies used in older adults (n = 117) with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It also aimed to understand the role of depression, activity involvement and diagnosis regarding life satisfaction in this sample.METHOD: Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U tests and t-tests were applied to compare those satisfied and those dissatisfied with life regarding ability to use everyday technology and number of relevant everyday technologies used.FINDINGS: The number of relevant community-based everyday technologies currently not used was significantly associated with being dissatisfied with life (p < 0.05). Further, depression and withdrawal from activities and interests significantly differed across life satisfaction groups, while no group differences were found regarding overall number of everyday technologies in use and ability to use everyday technology.CONCLUSION: Attention from healthcare professionals and researchers to early withdrawal from activities that rely on community-based everyday technologies is called for, especially in older adults with depression. Preventing everyday technology-related barriers in community life may increase life satisfaction.
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| 39. |
- Larsson-Lund, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Incorporating or resisting assistive devices : Different approaches to achieving a desired occupational self-image
- 2003
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Ingår i: OTJR (Thorofare, N.J.). - : SAGE Publications. - 1539-4492 .- 1938-2383. ; 23:2, s. 67-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to enhance the understanding of how people with disabilities experience the meaning of their assistive devices in their occupations and how they act on their experiences. Seventeen participants were interviewed and data were analyzed using a qualitative approach. The participants' experiences showed that they reacted differently to the manifold and often contradictory meaning of assistive devices. The analysts organized the participants' reactions into three categories: pragmatic users, ambivalent users, and reluctant users. The differences between the participants were understood as representing different adaptive approaches to achieve desired occupational self-images. Thus, the assistive devices were not in themselves important, but were merely a means to achieve a desired self-image. The findings reflect that the participants' experiences of using assistive devices reveal meanings about their use that go beyond the traditional medical perspective that focuses on the role of assistive devices as compensation for physical impairment
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| 40. |
- Larsson-Lund, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational life in the home environment : the experiences of people with disabilities
- 2004
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy / Revue Canadienne d`Ergotèrapie. - : SAGE Publications. - 0008-4174. ; 71:4, s. 243-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is a need to empirically explore the occupational engagement of people with disabilities to support the development of occupational therapy interventions. PURPOSE: This study describes how people with disabilities experience their occupational lives in their home environment. METHOD: Thirteen people with physical disabilities living at home were interviewed and data were subsequently analysed using a constant comparative method. RESULTS: The findings showed that interactions between the individuals and their environment influenced their experiences of engaging in occupations and the meaning of their home. Occupations formed three categories: always performed with others, occasionally disrupted or deprived. These were particularly related to the social support that was provided under different conditions. This condition formed a central category: access to social support for occupations. Their experiences of performing occupations in the home also formed another central category: transformed meaning of the home. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: By understanding enabling conditions as well as barriers to occupational engagement, effective occupational therapy interventions can be developed to support the occupational lives of people with disabilities
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| 41. |
- Larsson-Lund, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived difficulty in the use of everyday technology : relationships with everyday functioning in people with acquired brain injury with a special focus on returning to work
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 36:19, s. 1618-1625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim was to explore the relationships between difficulties in the use of everyday technology (ET) and the ability to perform activities of daily life (ADL) in the home and in society and in the workplace in people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Method: The investigation comprises an explorative cross-sectional study of 74 people with ABI. The short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) and a revised version of the ADL taxonomy were used to evaluate the participants. Rasch-generated person ability measures of ET use and ADL were used in correlation analyses, in group comparisons by ANOVA and in logistic regressions. Results: Difficulty in the use of ET was significantly correlated with ADL limitations. People who worked full-or part-time had significantly higher ability to use ET than those with some type of full-time, long-term sickness compensation. The ability to use ET, ADL ability and age were significantly related to return to work. Conclusion: The ability to use ET is related to all areas of everyday functioning in people with ABI. Therefore, a patient's ability to use ET needs to be considered in rehabilitation strategies following an ABI to enhance the patient's performance of activities in the home and in society and to support his or her likelihood of returning to work.Implications for Rehabilitation Ability to use everyday technology (ET) needs to be considered in rehabilitation following an ABI as difficulty in ET use is significantly related to the abilities of people with acquired brain injury (ABI) in all areas of everyday functioning (P/I ADL, leisure and work). The assessment S-ETUQ can assist professionals in screening and identifying ET that clients perceive supporting or challenging their everyday functioning. With respect to the Information and communication society of today, the match between users abilities and ET is important knowledge in designing an e-accessible and e-inclusive society for people with disabilities.Purpose: The aim was to explore the relationships between difficulties in the use of everyday technology (ET) and the ability to perform activities of daily life (ADL) in the home and in society and in the workplace in people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Method: The investigation comprises an explorative cross-sectional study of 74 people with ABI. The short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) and a revised version of the ADL taxonomy were used to evaluate the participants. Rasch-generated person ability measures of ET use and ADL were used in correlation analyses, in group comparisons by ANOVA and in logistic regressions. Results: Difficulty in the use of ET was significantly correlated with ADL limitations. People who worked full- or part-time had significantly higher ability to use ET than those with some type of full-time, long-term sickness compensation. The ability to use ET, ADL ability and age were significantly related to return to work. Conclusion: The ability to use ET is related to all areas of everyday functioning in people with ABI. Therefore, a patient’s ability to use ET needs to be considered in rehabilitation strategies following an ABI to enhance the patient’s performance of activities in the home and in society and to support his or her likelihood of returning to work.Implications for Rehabilitation Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/eprint/TKG7s8c6S5PjgR6yIHY4/full
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Larsson, Åsa, 1965-
(författare)
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Everyday life amongst the oldest old : descriptions of doings and possession and use of technology
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of the present thesis is to expand knowledge about the everyday lives of the oldest old (85+) living independently and to improve and deepen the understanding of their doings and possession and use of technology. The everyday lives of the oldest old represent, in many aspects an under-researched area, partly because this age group is seldom included in national surveys regarding living conditions and time use.This thesis comprises four papers. In paper I the extent and direction of research regarding elderly people is investigated through an examination of articles published in six well-reputed and well-established occupational therapy journals. Fifteen percent of the articles published between 2001 and 2006 included elderly people to some extent. Only five articles were about the oldest old. Most articles had a quantitative approach and concerned instrument development and testing. The findings show that articles concerning the oldest old are sparse, especially regarding their subjective experience. The following three papers are based on data derived from an empirical project based on interviews and observations with 18 oldest old individuals. Paper II explores how individuals over 85 years of age themselves describe and experience daily life. „Doing everyday life‟ is described through five overarching themes: „Experiencing being old‟, „Doings in everyday life‟, „Patterns of the day‟, „Altered doings‟ and „The importance of time‟. The daily doings are described as consisting of the usual things that have always been done, although how the doings are performed have changed. To do something is stressed as important for well-being, and a strong motivation to manage everyday doings on one‟s own is expressed. Paper III explores and describes the experiences and relations to technology in everyday doings of the oldest old as they themselves describe it. Four categories; „Perception of technology‟, „Technology holdings‟, „Handling technology‟ and „Compensatory technology in old age‟ emerged from the material. Technology needs to be integrated into the daily routines for it to be used. A modest and pragmatic attitude towards technology stands out, showing a discrepancy with public policy, which implies that technology will enhance independence and participation for elderly people. In paper IV, data from a younger group (-85) is included to describe, compare and discuss how elderly people belonging to different age cohorts (-85 and 85+) relate to their physical environment, primarily technological objects used in the home, and to examine how this is influenced by experiences and possession of technology over the life course. Possession and use of technological objects are similar for both groups over the life course from the parental home through the family time, although in the senior citizen time differences in technology possession and use appear. At higher ages the chronological age becomes a factor in deciding about upgrading or downsizing of the technology room; this is described as an „aging turn‟.The conclusions drawn are that to continue and perform the everyday doings as one has always done is important in old age. At high ages downsizing of the technology rooms is an important issue and new technological objects need to be incorporated in everyday doings in order to be used and perceived as beneficial.
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| 44. |
- Lilja, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes towards rehabilitation needs and support from assistive technology and the social environment among elderly people with disability
- 2003
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 10:1, s. 75-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to survey the attitudes of elderly people with disabilities who were living at home regarding their support from assistive technology and the social environment. These attitudes were compared with their identified needs by an occupational therapist and in relation to perception of social engagement, loneliness and overall contentment with life. From a sample of 102 participants who were interviewed using a standardized procedure, 53 persons were included in the study. The results indicated that attitudes among elderly people towards social and occupational engagement and change have a greater influence on their rehabilitation status than their disability as indicated by their health condition and limitations in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. The elderly people who accepted rehabilitation were more able, and were better equipped and better supported with assistive technology, than those who declined rehabilitation. Rehabilitation needs that the occupational therapists recognized were not always shared by the disabled elderly people, for several reasons; one reason of particular importance was the elderly person's attitude towards change and social engagement. However, the small sample size limits the generalization of the findings to the population of elderly people with disabilities. An ethnographic research design that allows for repeated interviews and observations of elderly people with disabilities for a prolonged period of time in their ordinary everyday lives may present an avenue for future research and lead to a deeper understanding of the issues
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| 45. |
- Lilja, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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The transfer of information about geriatric clients in the occupational therapy chain of care : An intervention study
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 7:2, s. 51-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuity of interventions for elderly persons after discharge from hospital is affected by the communication between professionals involved in the rehabilitation process. This study describes an intervention project that was implemented to improve ways of transferring information relating to geriatric clients between occupational therapists working on different organizational levels. An assessment of activities of daily living (the ADL taxonomy) was used as a uniform instrument of communication. The results revealed that aspects of temporality, structure, professionalism and the instrument's usefulness influenced the transfer of information. Systematic discharge planning schemes, written and formally structured information, a feedback loop for communication, and collaboration with the clients and their families in the discharge process are all suggested as ways of transferring information.
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| 46. |
- Lindeberg, Sophia, 1985-
(författare)
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Dementia, Sense-making and Evaluations : Implications for Communication
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, the dementia assessment takes place within primary health care or specialized care. From a clinical perspective, there are many factors to consider in the assessment process, and for the families entering the diagnostic pathways, the process can be uncertain and arduous. However, many aspects of how the assessment process is experienced by those involved, is unknown. This thesis aims at shedding light on the diagnostic pathways in dementia, by investigating the experience of clinical professionals and families living with dementia, and experiences of cognitive testing by older adults without a dementia diagnosis or documented cognitive decline. Furthermore, the thesis aims at exploring how these experiences relate to interactional abilities and challenges in daily life.Study I explored the views and experiences of clinical professionals working in Memory Clinics, General Practitioners in primary health care and Speech Language Pathologists, in regard to clinical practices in dementia diagnosis, as well as team collaborations. Resources and barriers for good practice included clinical collaboration, guidelines, knowledge, staff-continuity, and time. For example, the clinical collaboration between the different professionals was important for a holistic view of the patient. During the diagnostic pathways, both informal (e.g. observations) and formal (e.g. cognitive tests) information was obtained. What was seen as obligatory for a diagnosis varied between clinicians and clinics, in particular when there were contradictions between the different information sources. Communication did not stand out as a clinical priority, even though all clinical professionals acknowledged communication as affected in dementia.Study II investigated how persons with dementia, and their family members, make sense of the diagnostic pathways, including their encounters with health care professionals. Experiences of cognitive and communicative abilities in daily life, and potential cognitive- communicative change, were also studied, as well as how these experiences of daily function related to the clinical testing. The testing process gave rise to feelings of uncertainty, and it could be difficult to make sense of the purpose of the testing, as well as the outcomes of the testing (such as a participant being told by his physician that he could no longer drive). The participants’ experiences of function in daily lives sometimes contrasted with the experiences of the decontextualised testing in the clinical setting. In Dementia, sense-making and evaluations 2 everyday life, the participants would draw upon collaborative resources in order to address functional change, at the same time balancing their self-image and wish to be seen as competent communication partners.Study III examined how conceptualizations of ageing and cognition were manifested in evaluations and accounts during interviews with persons over 65 years of age, after testing with a cognitive screening tool. The sequential contexts of the evaluations and accounts were explored, as well as how these were related to social face-work. The evaluations and accounts were collaboratively built between the participant and the interviewer in order to manage potential face-threats. Evaluations included downplaying one’s own competence, while accounts included attributing difficulties to the test task being inherently difficult, or to lived experiences affecting the test performance, as well as cognitive change due to the normal ageing process. Participants’ reflections after completion of the screening test also revealed manifestation of dementia worry in varying degrees.Study IV investigated conversations with one married couple, where the husband had been diagnosed with dementia with Lewy bodies. Through standard clinical testing, interviews and a video recording of casual conversation, different conversation settings were explored. In the testing, the husband obtained high scores across a variety of test task. The interviews shed light on the resources and barriers, and the challenges the couple experienced in conversation, regarding for example the husband’s descriptions of difficulties in entering conversations, and the wife’s descriptions of misunderstandings. Through video-recorded observations, turn-taking practices were explored, showing how the wife would be in charge of the storytelling, whereas the husband would be in charge of monitoring the content and supporting the wife in providing details.The four studies’ results reveal how clinicians, families living with dementia, and persons over 65 years of age without suspected dementia, engage in complex sense-making processes in which they, during and after the assessment process and testing, evaluate the performances in relation to circumstances that may explain the results. For clinical professionals, both informal and formal considerations take place, in which they weigh the various information sources gathered during the assessment process. For the families in receipt of a dementia diagnosis, they may struggle in making sense of the process of the testing, the outcomes, and consequences. Regarding interaction in daily life, descriptions of change vary between families, and conversational patterns, barriers and facilitators are highly context dependent.
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| 47. |
- Malinovsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Skill clusters of ability to manage everyday technology among people with and without cognitive impairment, dementia and acquired brain injury
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:2, s. 99-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:In order to develop supporting interventions for people demonstrating problems ET use, a detailed level of description of strengths and deficits is needed.AIMS:To explore clusters of specific performance skill required when using ET, and to evaluate if and in what way such clusters are associated with age, gender, diagnosis, and types of ETs managed.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A secondary analysis of 661 data records from 203 heterogeneous samples of participants using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META) was used. Ward's method and a hierarchical tree cluster analysis were used to determine and define the skill clusters.RESULTS:Four distinct clusters of performance skill item profiles were found, across the 661 data records. These were then, based on each individuals' cluster profiles in managing ET, categorized into two groups. The two groups were associated with, diagnosis and type of ETs managed.CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE:The findings support a more dyadic person-ET approach in evaluation of ET management. The information from the skill clusters can be used to develop targeted intervention guides for occupational therapy and healthcare.
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| 48. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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An approach to facilitate healthcare professionals' readiness to support technology use in everyday life for persons with dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:3, s. 199-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday technologies (ETs) like microwave ovens and automatic telephone services as well as assistive technologies (ATs) are often used in the performance of everyday activities. As a consequence, the ability to manage technology is important. This pilot study aimed to clarify the applicability of a model for knowledge translation to support healthcare professionals, to support technology use among older adults with dementia and their significant others. An additional aim was to explore the process of translating the model into practice. The applicability of the model (comprising a one-day course, including introduction and provision of tools, followed by interviews during and after a period of practice) was clarified for 11 healthcare professionals using a constant comparative approach. The content of the model gave the participants an eye-opening experience of technology use among persons with dementia. They also described how they had incorporated the model as a new way of thinking which supported and inspired new investigations and collaborations with colleagues and significant others. This study provided an applicable model of how research knowledge about technology use can be translated into clinical practice and be used by healthcare professionals to support the use of technology for persons with dementia.
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| 49. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the technological landscape over time : Relevance and difficulty levels of everyday technologies as perceived by older adults with and without cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - : IOS Press. - 1055-4181 .- 1878-643X. ; 27:3, s. 91-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday technology, ET (e.g. computers, TV's and vending machines) perceived as relevant and used in everyday activities change continuously. Not being able to keep up with these changes may hinder participation in activities.OBJECTIVE: To investigate stability and change in perceived relevance of ET, and in levels of perceived ET difficulty across two different occasions in time and between two similar samples of older adults with and without cognitive impairment.METHODS: Data of perceived relevance and difficulty in ET use in the samples (n = 157/118), collected with the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) was investigated.RESULTS: Thirty-three (70%) of the ETs in the ETUQ significantly increased in relevance, while the perceived levels of difficulty were statistically similar in 40/47 ETs (85%) across the two time occasions.CONCLUSIONS: The perceived relevance of ET among older adults with and without cognitive impairment was indicated to increase over time, but the levels of perceived levels of difficulty of ETs did not change as much. This knowledge could be used to support and facilitate ET use in the aging population, and in general to influence society's view of older people as active users of ET in activities at home and in public spaces.
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| 50. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the technological landscape over time : everyday technologies relevance and difficulty levels as perceived by older adults with and without cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society. - 1055-4181.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Everyday technology, ET (e.g. computers, TV's and vending machines) perceived as relevant and used in everyday activities change continuously. Not being able to keep up with these changes may hinder participation in activities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate stability and change in perceived relevance of ET, and in levels of perceived ET difficulty across two different occasions in time and between two similar samples of older adults with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS: Data of perceived relevance and difficulty in ET use in the samples (n= 157/118), collected with the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) was investigated. RESULTS: Thirty-three (70%) of the ETs in the ETUQ significantly increased in relevance, while the perceived levels of difficulty were statistically similar in 40/47 ETs (85%) across the two time occasions. CONCLUSIONS: The perceived relevance of ET among older adults with and without cognitive impairment was indicated to increase over time, but the levels of perceived levels of difficulty of ETs did not change as much. This knowledge could be used to support and facilitate ET use in the aging population, and in general to influence society's view of older people as active users of ET in activities at home and in public spaces.
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