| 1. |
- Feresiadou, Amalia, et al.
(author)
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Measurement of sCD27 in the cerebrospinal fluid identifies patients with neuroinflammatory disease
- 2019
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In: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 332, s. 31-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Laboratory tests to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroinflammatory diseases are scarce. The soluble form of the CD27 molecule (sCD27) is shed in high concentrations by activated T cells and can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CSF quantitation of sCD27 could discriminate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological diseases.METHODS: The concentration of sCD27 was measured using a commercially available ELISA in 803 well-defined subjects from a study cohort comprised of 338 patients with neuroinflammatory disease, 338 with non-inflammatory neurological disease and 127 controls without neurological disease.RESULTS: The median value of cerebrospinal fluid sCD27 was 64 pg/mL (IQR 0-200) in controls, 58 pg/mL (IQR 0-130) in patients with non-inflammatory disease and 740 pg/mL (IQR 230-1800) in patients with inflammatory disease. The likelihood ratio of having an inflammatory disease was 10 (sensitivity 74% and specificity 93%) if the sCD27 concentration was >250 pg/mL. In patients with a known inflammatory condition, the likelihood ratio of having an infection was 10 (sensitivity 40% and specificity 96%) if the sCD27 concentration was >2500 pg/mL.CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of having an inflammatory neurological condition is increased with elevated concentrations of sCD27 in cerebrospinal fluid. Rapid tests of sCD27 should be developed to assist clinicians in diagnosis of neuroinflammatory disease.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Nygren, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Rapid Cardiovascular Effects of Growth Hormone treatment in short prepubertal children. Impact of treatment duration.
- 2012
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In: Clinical Endocrinology. - : Wiley. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 77:6, s. 877-884
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Previous studies show that growth hormone (GH) treatment increases cardiac dimensions in short children with GH deficiency (GHD) and has diverse cardiac effects in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS). This study was performed to assess the effect of GH on the cardiovascular system in short children with a broad range of GH secretion and GH sensitivity/responsiveness. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: In this prospective, multicentre study, short prepubertal children diagnosed with isolated GHD (89) or ISS (38) were followed during two years of GH treatment. They were randomized to receive either a standard (43 μg/kg/d) or individualized GH dose (range 17-100 μg/kg/d) based on GH responsiveness estimated by a prediction model and distance to target height. Echocardiography, blood pressure and electrocardiography were performed at baseline, 3, 12 and 24 months. RESULTS: Left ventricular mass (LVM) indexed to body surface area increased significantly during two years of GH treatment in both GHD and ISS irrespective of randomized dose. This change was already apparent at three months, when standard deviation scores (SDS) of wall thickness and diameter were increased. At 24 months, left ventricular diameter SDS remained increased whereas myocardial thickness SDS returned to baseline values. There was no impairment of systolic or diastolic function. There was no correlation with treatment dose and LVM SDS at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Irrespective of GH status, there was a rapid increase in LVM during GH treatment in short children. At 3 months, wall thickness and diameter were increased whereas only diameter remained increased at 24 months. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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| 4. |
- Nygren, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Swedish children with hereditary angioedema report good overall health and quality of life despite symptoms
- 2016
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 105:5, s. 529-534
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AimFew studies have been published on children with hereditary angioedema (HAE), an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations on chromosome 11. This study explored various aspects of the disease in the Swedish paediatric population. MethodsA retrospective questionnaire was sent to all 36 Swedish children known to have HAE, and a physician carried out follow-up telephone interviews. ResultsMost of the questionnaires were completed by the parents of 31 (86%) children with HAE, with or without their input, at a median age of nine years (range 1-17), and the physician also interviewed 29. HAE symptoms were experienced by 23 children, including abdominal attacks (96%), skin swelling (78%) and swelling in the mouth and/or upper airways (52%). Psychological stress was the most common trigger for abdominal attacks and trauma and sports triggered skin swelling. The majority (n = 19) had access to complement-1 esterase inhibitor concentrate at home. Current health and quality of life were generally rated as good, independent of whether the child had experienced HAE symptoms or not. ConclusionMost children with HAE had experienced abdominal attacks and skin swelling, but their overall health and quality of life were generally perceived to be good.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Aittomaki, K, et al.
(author)
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Genetics and assisted reproduction technology
- 2005
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In: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. - : Wiley. ; 84:5, s. 463-473
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the past 20 years, a significant improvement has been shown in the treatment for infertility in both women and men through the development of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Only donated sperm could be previously used for treatment; now oocytes can also be donated. Furthermore, the combination of IVF and ICSI with advanced genetic methods has made preimplantation genetic diagnosis possible for many genetic conditions. These methods enable genetic testing of the early human embryo by using only a single cell, one blastomere biopsied from the embryo, as the sample from which the diagnosis of many chromosome rearrangements and other inherited diseases can be made. It has also been established that a considerable proportion of infertility is caused by genetic defects, which have several implications for infertility treatment. The purpose of this review is to give a concise introduction on how genetics is involved in assisted reproduction technology to specialists who may not be working in this particular field of gynecology, but who would need some knowledge of this for proper care of their patients.
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| 7. |
- Aittomaki, K, et al.
(author)
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Safety issues in assisted reproduction technology: should ICSI patients have genetic testing before treatment? A practical proposition to help patient information
- 2004
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In: Hum Reprod. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). ; 19:3, s. 472-476
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ICSI is a highly efficient treatment of male factor infertility and therefore increasingly used to treat infertile men successfully. However, when used to treat patients with a genetic cause for their infertility, there may be an increased risk for the offspring. Chromosome aberrations, Y chromosome microdeletions and CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) mutations alone may explain up to 25% of azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. These genetic defects could be identified before treatment, in which case informed decisions could be made by the couple to be treated concerning the treatment, prenatal testing or preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Therefore, we propose that men with very low sperm counts (<5 x 10(6)/ml) considering ICSI should always be informed of the possibility of genetic testing. The information should include a precise statement of the implications of the results for the patient, his family and his offspring, and reassurance that a decision to test or not to test, or the subsequent test results will not be used as a reason for withholding treatment. Testing should always remain voluntary, and the couples themselves should decide whether or not they choose to be tested. If an abnormality is identified, patients should be referred to specialist genetic counselling.
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| 8. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Pacemaker treatment after Fontan surgery-A Swedish national study
- 2019
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In: Congenital Heart Disease. - : Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press). - 1747-079X .- 1747-0803. ; 14:4, s. 582-589
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveFontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n=599). ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 12.2years, 13% (78/599) of the patients with Fontan circulation had received pacemakers. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) type of total cavopulmonary connection had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with lateral tunnel (LT; 17%). Mortality did not differ between patients with (8%) and without pacemaker (5%). The most common pacemaker indication was sinus node dysfunction (SND) (64%). Pacemaker implantation due to SND was less common among patients with EC. Pacemaker implantation was significantly more common in patients with mitral atresia (MA; 44%), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; 24%) and double inlet left ventricle (DILV; 20%). In contrast, patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were significantly less likely to receive a pacemaker (3% and 6%, respectively). ConclusionsThirteen percent of Fontan patients received a permanent pacemaker, most frequently due to SND. EC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker than LT. Permanent pacemaker was more common in patients with MA, DORV, and DILV.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Sinus node dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation: could heart rate variability be a predictor for pacemaker implantation?
- 2019
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In: Pediatric Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0172-0643 .- 1432-1971. ; 40:4, s. 685-693
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sinus node dysfunction (SND) causes significant morbidity in patients after Fontan surgery. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the autonomic regulation of the heart, and changes in HRV have been associated with SND in adults. We aimed to study whether changes in HRV could be detected in 24-h electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings in Fontan patients with SND. We compared HRV results from two patient groups; patients with Fontan circulation who later required a pacemaker due to severe SND (n = 12) and patients with Fontan circulation and SND, without indication for pacemaker treatment (n = 11), with two control groups; patients with Fontan circulation without SND (n = 90) and healthy controls (n = 66). The Poincare plot index SD2 (representing changes in heart rate over 24-h) and the very low-frequency (VLF) HRV component were significantly higher in both SND groups, both compared with healthy controls and patients with Fontan circulation without SND. In SND patients with pacemakers, SD2 and VLF were slightly reduced compared to SND patients without pacemaker (p = 0.06). In conclusion, in Fontan patients with SND the HRV is significantly higher compared to healthy controls and Fontan patients without SND. However, in patients with severe SND requiring pacemaker, SD2 and VLF tended to be lower than in patients with SND without pacemaker, which could indicate a reduced diurnal HRV in addition to the severe bradycardia. This is a small study, but our results indicate that HRV analysis might be a useful method in the follow-up of Fontan patients regarding development of SND.
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| 11. |
- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(author)
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Droplet, aerosol and SARS-CoV-2 emissions during singing and talking
- 2021
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionAs the pandemic continues to spread, more knowledge is needed about the viral transmission routes. Several super spreading events during the Covid-19 pandemic have been linked to singing in choirs and talking loud. However, in the beginning of the pandemic there was only one study about emitted aerosols and droplets from singing, published in 1968, and only a handful on emissions from talking. Therefore, we conducted a study to measure the aerosol and droplet emissions from talking and singing. We also evaluated the emissions from singing when wearing a face mask.We have further developed our setup so that we collect the aerosol particles from Covid-19 infected patients that are talking and singing, and analyze our samples for SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing Covid-19.MethodTwelve healthy singers (7 professionals, 5 amateurs) were included in the first study part on quantifying the amount of emitted aerosols and droplets. The singers were singing or talking a short consonant rich text repeatedly at a constant pitch with their face in the opening of a funnel. The aerosol particle size and concentration was measured from the other end of the funnel using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS, 3321, TSI Inc). In addition, the amount of un-evaporated droplets were captured with a high-speed camera and quantified using image analysis.During February and March 2021 we will collect aerosol particles from patients with confirmed Covid-19 that are singing and talking into a funnel. We will use a growth tube condensation collector, a BioSpot (Aerosol Devices), operating at 8 L min-1, and a NIOSH BC-251 cyclone sampler operating at 3.5 L min-1 (TISCH Environmental). The BioSpot collects the whole range of exhaled aerosol particles with high (95%) efficiency into liquid, and the NIOSH cyclone sampler collects particles into three size fractions: <1 µm (filter), 1-4 µm (liquid), >4 µm (liquid). The APS is again used to measure size and concentration of the emitted aerosol particles, so that emissions from infected test subjects can be compared with those of the healthy test subjects. Air samples will be analyzed for detection of SARS-CoV-2 genes, and if possible, SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in cell cultures.ResultsAerosol particle emissions from healthy test subjects were significantly higher during normal singing (median 690, range [320–2870] particles/s) than during normal talking (270 [120–1380] particles/s) (Wilcoxon’s signed rank test, p=0.002). Loud singing produced even more aerosol particles (980 [390–2870] particles/s) than normal singing (p=0.002). The amount of non-evaporated droplets detected by the high-speed camera setup showed similar results: more droplets during loud singing or talking. For both aerosol particle concentrations and droplet numbers, the levels were reduced by on average 70-80% when wearing a surgical face mask.ConclusionsSinging and talking give rise to high aerosol and droplet emissions from the respiratory tract. This is likely an important transmission route for Covid-19. In our upcoming part of the study we hope to determine how much SARS-CoV-2 that is emitted during these social activities.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(author)
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SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol particles exhaled from COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing
- 2021
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several super spreader events occurred during singing in choirs, which lead to an increased attention to airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. Since then, aerosol generation from singing has been studied in more detail, however, only from healthy subjects. In this study, we collected aerosol particles in the exhaled breath of 40 COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing, respectively, and analysed the samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2.MethodPatients that were contacted by the COVID-19 testing service due to a positive test result were asked to volunteer for the study. A team of researchers drove a small truck hosting a mobile laboratory to the home address of the patient to perform exhaled breath aerosol collection using a condensational particle collector (BioSpot, Aerosol Devices) and a two-stage cyclone sampler (NIOSH bc-251, Tisch Environmental). Samples were collected for 10 min each when the patient was breathing, talking and singing, respectively.All samples were stored at -80°C until RNA extraction and analysis by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting the N-gene.ResultsA first screening of air samples collected with the BioSpot showed that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in the exhaled aerosols from three of nine patients during singing or talking. Two of these samples contained 103 and 104 viral RNA copies, corresponding to a viral emission rate of approximately 4 and 25 viruses per second, respectively. Samples from the remaining 31 patients are to be analysed during the spring. We hope to contribute to quantifying and understanding the Covid-19 transmission via the airborne route.This study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Review Authority (2020-07103). This work was supported by AFA Insurances and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS.
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| 14. |
- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(author)
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SARS-CoV-2 in aerosol particles exhaled from COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing
- 2021
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, several super spreader events occurred during choir singing, which lead to an increased attention to airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Since then, aerosol generation from singing has been studied in detail, however, mainly from healthy subjects. In this study, we collected aerosol particles in the exhaled breath of 38 COVID-19 infected patients during breathing, talking and singing, respectively, and analyzed the samples for detection of SARS-CoV-2.MethodPatients that were contacted by the COVID-19 testing service due to a positive test result early in the phase of their infection (median 2, range: 0-6 days from symptom onset) were asked to volunteer for the study. A team of researchers drove a small truck hosting a mobile laboratory to the home address of the patient to perform exhaled breath aerosol collection using a condensational particle collector (BioSpot, Aerosol Devices) and a two-stage cyclone sampler (NIOSH bc-251, Tisch Environmental). Samples were collected for 10 min each when the patients were breathing, talking and singing, respectively. In addition, patient samples from nasopharynx and saliva were collected, and patients filled out a questionnaire about symptoms. All samples were stored at -80 °C until RNA extraction and analysis by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) targeting the N-gene.ResultsA first preliminary screening of air samples collected with the BioSpot showed that SARS-CoV-2 could be detected in the exhaled aerosols from 14 of 38 (37%) patients during respiratory activities. 50% of patients in the early phase of the infection, day 0-1 from symptom onset, emitted detectable levels of airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA, 35% of patients on day 2-3, and 0% of patients on day 4-6. The highest viral RNA concentrations in aerosol samples were found in those collected during singing. Further analysis is ongoing and we hope that our results will contribute to quantifying and understanding the Covid-19 transmission via the airborne route.This study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Review Authority (2020-07103). This work was supported by AFA Insurances and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Governance, Accountability, and Organizational Development : Eldercare Unit Managers' and Local Politicians' Experiences of and Responses to State Supervision of Swedish Eldercare
- 2018
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In: Journal of Aging & Social Policy. - : Routledge. - 0895-9420 .- 1545-0821. ; 30:5, s. 419-439
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article explores how local politicians and care unit managers in Swedish eldercare experience and respond to state supervision. Twelve politicians and 12 managers in 15 previously inspected municipalities were interviewed about their experiences of and reactions to state supervision (SSV) in relation to their views of care quality and routines in eldercare practice. The findings indicate that local managers and political chairs perceived SSV in eldercare positively at a superficial level, but were critical of and disappointed with specific aspects of it: in terms of a) governance—chairs and managers said SSV strengthened implementation of national policies via local actors, but were critical of SSV’s narrow focus on control and flaws in eldercare practice; b) accountability—SSV was seen as limited to accountability for finances and systemic performance; and c) organizational development—SSV was seen as limited to improving routines and compliance with legislation, while local definitions of quality are broader than that. In general, local actors regarded SSV as improving administrative aspects and routines in practice but ignoring the relational content of eldercare quality.
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| 17. |
- Andersson, Katarina, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Statlig tillsyn
- 2019
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In: Perspektiv på granskning inom offentlig sektor. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151100654 ; , s. 55-70
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 18. |
- Baban, Bayar, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Determination of insulin resistance in surgery : the choice of method is crucial
- 2015
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In: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 34:1, s. 123-128
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: In elective surgery, postoperative hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance are independent risk factors for complications. Since the simpler HOMA method has been used as an alternative to the hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic clamp in studies of surgery induced insulin resistance, we compared the two methods in patients undergoing elective surgery.METHODS: Data from 113 non-diabetic patients undergoing elective surgery were used. Insulin sensitivity, both before and after surgery, was quantified by the clamp and HOMA. Pre- and postoperatively, the results of the clamp were compared to HOMA using regression- and correlation analysis. Degree of agreement between the methods was studied using weighted linear kappa and the Bland-Altman test.RESULTS: Both the clamp and HOMA recorded a mean relative reduction in insulin sensitivity of 39 ± 24% and 39 ± 61% respectively after surgery; with significant correlations (p < 0.01) for pre- and post-operative measures as well as for relative changes. However r(2) values were low: 0.04, 0.07 and 0.03 respectively. The degree of agreement for the relative change in insulin sensitivity using the Bland-Altman test gave a mean of difference 0% but "limits of agreement" (±2SD) was ±125%. This poor inter-method agreement was consolidated by a weighted linear kappa value of 0.18.CONCLUSION: While the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp measures the postoperative changes in insulin sensitivity, HOMA measures something different. Data using the HOMA method must therefore be interpreted cautiously and is not interchangeable with data obtained from the clamp.
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| 19. |
- Bang, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Free dissociable IGF-I : Association with changes in IGFBP-3 proteolysis and insulin sensitivity after surgery
- 2016
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In: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 35:2, s. 408-413
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patients receiving a carbohydrate drink (CHO) before major abdominal surgery display improved insulin sensitivity postoperatively and increased proteolysis of IGFBP-3 (IGFBP-3-PA) compared to patients undergoing similar surgery after overnight fasting. Aims: We hypothesized that serum IGFBP-3-PA increases bioavailability of circulating IGF-I and preserves insulin sensitivity in patients given CHO. Design: Matched control study. Methods: At Karolinska University Hospital, patients given CHO before major elective abdominal surgery (CHO,n = 8) were compared to patients undergoing similar surgical procedures after overnight fasting (FAST,n = 10). Results from two different techniques for determination of free-dissociable IGF-I (fdIGF-I) were compared with changes in IGFBP-3-PA and insulin sensitivity. Results: Postoperatively, CHO displayed 18% improvement in insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic clamp) and increased IGFBP-3-PA vs. FAST. As determined by IRMA, fdIGF-I increased by 48 +/- 25% in CHO while fdIGF-I decreased by 13 +/- 18% in FAST (p < 0.01 vs. CHO, when corrected for duration of surgery). However, fdIGF-I determined by ultra-filtration decreased similarly in both groups (-22 +/- 8% vs. -25 +/- 8%, p = 0.8) and IGFBP-1 increased similarly in both groups. Patients with less insulin resistance after surgery demonstrated larger increases in fdIGF-I by IRMA (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). Fifty-three % of the variability of the changes in fdIGF-I by IRMA could be explained by changes in IGFBP-3-PA and total IGF-I levels (p < 0.05), while IGFBP-1 did not contribute significantly. Conclusion: During conditions when serum IGF-I bioavailability is regulated by IGFBP-3 proteolysis, measurements of fdIGF-I by IRMA is of physiological relevance as it correlates with the associated changes in insulin sensitivity.
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| 20. |
- Bergh, Christina, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes towards and management of single embryo transfer among Nordic IVF doctors
- 2007
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In: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 86:10, s. 1222-1230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. The objective of this study was to investigate the attitudes towards and management of single embryo transfer (SET) among Nordic in vitro fertilisation (IVF) doctors, and to present the rate of SET and multiple pregnancies in the different countries. Methods. A questionnaire was sent to all IVF doctors in the Nordic countries (n=198, 78.5% responded). Pregnancy rates, SET and multiple births rates were extracted from registries. Main outcome measure was attitudes and management of SET. Results. Almost all doctors thought that a twin pregnancy compared unfavourably to a singleton. A twin rate >10% was acceptable for 5% of Swedish doctors. Corresponding figures for Finnish, Danish and Norwegian doctors were 21, 35 and 35%, respectively. For a woman <36 years, performing her first cycle and with two good quality embryos, almost all doctors would recommend SET. For a woman =36 years in a similar situation, SET would be recommended only in Sweden and Finland. The pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (ET), the SET rate 2003, the multiple birth rate, and the estimated SET rate 2004 were 33.3, 21.5, 22.7 and 25% (Denmark), 31.3, 43.4, 14 and 51% (Finland), 40.5, 10.5, 26.5 and 16% (Iceland), 30.6, 18, 25.2 and 26% (Norway), and 35.3, 55.1, 11.8 and 71% (Sweden). Conclusions. The SET and multiple birth rates reflect the attitudes of Nordic IVF doctors to SET and multiple births well. When introducing SET, the attitude of the IVF doctor seems to be important. © 2007 Taylor & Francis.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Berglund, Åke, et al.
(author)
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First-in-human, phase I/IIa clinical study of the peptidase potentiated alkylator melflufen administered every three weeks to patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies
- 2015
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In: Investigational new drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6997 .- 1573-0646. ; 33:6, s. 1232-1241
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose Melflufen (melphalan flufenamide, previously designated J1) is an optimized and targeted derivative of melphalan, hydrolyzed by aminopeptidases overexpressed in tumor cells resulting in selective release and trapping of melphalan, and enhanced activity in preclinical models. Methods This was a prospective, single-armed, open-label, first-in-human, dose-finding phase I/IIa study in 45 adult patients with advanced and progressive solid tumors without standard treatment options. Most common tumor types were ovarian carcinoma (n = 20) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC, n = 11). Results In the dose-escalating phase I part of the study, seven patients were treated with increasing fixed doses of melflufen (25-130 mg) Q3W. In the subsequent phase IIa part, 38 patients received in total 115 cycles of therapy at doses of 30-75 mg. No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed at 25 and 50 mg; at higher doses DLTs were reversible neutropenias and thrombocytopenias, particularly evident in heavily pretreated patients, and the recommended phase II dose (RPTD) was set to 50 mg. Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) evaluation after 3 cycles of therapy (27 patients) showed partial response in one (ovarian cancer), and stable disease in 18 patients. One NSCLC patient received nine cycles of melflufen and progressed after 7 months of therapy. Conclusions In conclusion, melflufen can safely be given to cancer patients, and the toxicity profile was as expected for alkylating agents; RPTD is 50 mg Q3W. Reversible and manageable bone marrow suppression was identified as a DLT. Clinical activity is suggested in ovarian cancer, but modest activity in treatment of refractory NSCLC.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Biel, Anders, et al.
(author)
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The use of MgO-paste as a biodegradeable bone cement
- 2016
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In: Materials Today. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7853. ; 3:2, s. 556-561
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The use of MgO-paste as bone cement was tested on titanium cylinders implanted into rat tibia. The evaluation of bone healingwas made with the retention force (pull-out) test, light microscopy and ESEM/ EDX. Preimplantation of the MgO-paste into drillperforations of rat tibia increased the retention of the titanium implant 6-fold. The error was expressed as the 95% confidenceinterval of means (n=10 bones in each group). The observed difference between 3.46+/-0.71 N/mm2 for Ti-cylinders implantedwith MgO-paste and 0.56+/-0.26 N/mm2 for Ti-cylinders implanted directly into the bone, is statistically significant (p<0.01).The increase of retention force, caused by MgO is parallel to an increased thickness of the compact bone surrounding the implantand closer contact between bone and implant.Histological examination of the implant-related bone showed that the MgO-induced bone growth is mediated by the formation ofa bone-inducing matrix. The matrix contains organic substance, most likely proteins.
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| 25. |
- Byström, P., et al.
(author)
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An explorative study on the clinical utility of baseline and serial serum tumour marker measurements in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer
- 2010
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In: Oncology Reports. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1021-335X .- 1791-2431. ; 24:6, s. 1645-1652
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The value of early tumour marker changes during palliative chemotherapy in patients with upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma (UGIA) is unclear. Seventy-three patients with advanced UGIA were randomised to receive 45 mg/m2 docetaxel or 180 mg/m2 irinotecan with 5-FU/leucovorin. After every 2nd course the patients were crossed over to the other regimen. Serum was sampled before start of chemotherapy and every 2nd week during 8 weeks for CEA, TPA, TPS, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CA242 measurements. Eighteen patients (25%) had partial response (PR) and 21 patients had stable disease for at least 4 months (SD4). All baseline marker levels, except CA72-4, correlated with time to progression and survival. Patients with normal levels, except CA72-4, also had more clinical responses (PR+SD4) than patients with elevated values. Tumour marker changes early during treatment provided modest predictive information for tumour response and survival. A model combining baseline level, the change and the interaction between them gave the best prediction of outcome, however, insignificantly better than baseline level for all markers except CA242. Baseline tumour marker levels provide prognostic information for patients with UGIA on palliative chemotherapy. Early changes generally failed to provide accurate information for tumour response and survival.
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| 26. |
- Byström, Per, et al.
(author)
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Early prediction of response to first-line chemotherapy by sequential [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in patients with advanced colorectal cancer
- 2009
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 20:6, s. 1057-1061
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To evaluate [(18)F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), for early evaluation of response to palliative chemotherapy and for prediction of long-term outcome, in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a randomized trial, patients with mCRC received irinotecan-based combination chemotherapy. FDG-PET was carried out before treatment and after two cycles in 51 patients at two centers. Visual changes in tumor FDG uptake and changes measured semi-automatically, as standard uptake values (SUVs), were compared with radiological response after four and eight cycles. RESULTS: The mean baseline SUV for all tumor lesions per patient was higher in nonresponders than in responders (mean 7.4 versus 5.6, P = 0.02). There was a strong correlation between metabolic response (changes in SUV) and objective response (r = 0.57, P = 0.00001), with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 76%. There was no significant correlation between metabolic response and time to progression (P = 0.5) or overall survival (P = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Although metabolic response assessed by FDG-PET reflects radiological tumor volume changes, the sensitivity and specificity are too low to support the routine use of PET in mCRC. Furthermore, PET failed to reflect long-term outcome and can, thus, not be used as surrogate end point for hard endpoint benefit.
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| 27. |
- Byström, Per, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of predictive markers for patients with advanced colorectal cancer
- 2012
-
In: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 51:7, s. 849-859
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background.To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of serum and plasma tumor markers, in comparison with clinical and biomedical parameters for response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with combination chemotherapy.Material and methods.One-hundred and six patients with mCRC from three centers, part of a multicenter study, received irinotecan with the Nordic bolus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid schedule (FLIRI) or the de Gramont schedule (Lv5FU2-IRI). Blood samples for CEA, CA19-9, TPA, TIMP-1, SAA, transthyretin and CRP were taken at baseline and after two, four and eight weeks of treatment. Tumor marker levels at baseline and longitudinally were compared with responses evaluated (CT/MRI) after two and four months of treatment. The correlations to RR, PFS and OS were evaluated with regression analyses.Results.A significant correlation to OS was seen for baseline levels of all markers. In multivariate analyses with clinical parameters, TPA, CRP, SAA and TIMP-1 provided independent information. The baseline values of CEA, TPA and TIMP-1 were also significantly correlated to PFS and TPA to RR. Changes during treatment, i.e. the slope gave with the exception of CA19-9 for OS less information about outcomes. The best correlation to response was seen for CEA, CA19-9 and TPA with AUC values of 0.78, 0.83 and 0.79, respectively, using a combined model based upon an interaction between the slope and the baseline value.Conclusions.Baseline tumor markers together with clinical parameters provide prognostic information about survival in patients with mCRC. The ability of the individual tumor markers to predict treatment response and PFS is limited. Changes in marker levels during the first two months of treatment are less informative of outcome.
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| 28. |
- Cederkrantz, Daniel, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si by addition of TiO2 nanoparticles
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 111:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effects on the thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si when adding TiO2 nanoparticles have been evaluated experimentally. A batch of Mg2Si was prepared through direct solid state reaction and divided into portions which were mechanically mixed with different amounts of TiO2 nanoparticles ranging from 0.5 to 3 vol% and subsequently sintered to disks. All materials showed n-type conduction and the absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient was reduced with increasing amount of TiO2 added, while the electrical resistivity was greatly reduced. The thermal conductivity was surprisingly little affected by the addition of the nanoparticles. An optimum value of the thermoelectric figure-of-merit ZT = TS2 sigma/k was found for the addition of 1 vol% TiO2, showing almost three times higher ZT value than that of the pure Mg2Si. Larger TiO2 additions resulted in lower ZT values and with 3 vol% added TiO2 the ZT was comparable to the pure Mg2Si. The sintering process resulted in reduction or chemical reaction of all TiO2 to TiSi2 and possibly elemental titanium as well as reduced TiOx. The increased electrical conductivity and the decreased Seebeck coefficient were found due to an increased charge carrier concentration, likely caused by the included compounds or titanium-doping of the Mg2Si matrix. The low observed effect on the thermal conductivity of the composites may be explained by the relatively higher thermal conductivity of the included compounds, counter-balancing the expected increased grain boundary scattering. Alternatively, the introduction of compounds does not significantly increase the concentration of scattering grain boundaries.
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| 29. |
- Cederkrantz, Daniel, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Thermoelectric properties of partly Sb- and Zn-substituted Ba8Ga16Ge30 clathrates
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 108:11, s. 113711-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effects on the thermoelectric properties of n-Ba8Ga16Ge30 when substituting small amounts of the Ga or Ge with Sb or Zn have been investigated. A number of syntheses were prepared in quaternary systems of Ba8Ga16Ge30 substituted with either Sb or Zn but only three samples were found to yield single phase products with nominal compositions of Ba8Ga15Sb1Ge30, Ba8Ga15Zn1Ge30 and Ba8Ga16Ge28Zn2, respectively. When Ge was substituted for Zn the resulting sample remained n-type and an increase in thermopower and a decrease in thermal conductivity were achieved. These positive effects were accompanied with an increased electrical resistivity and thus the ZT was only somewhat improved up to about 400 °C. When substituting Ga with either Sb or Zn samples remained n-type but showed decreased thermopower and increased electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity. It is thus concluded that substitution of Ga with Zn or Sb is detrimental for the thermoelectric properties of Ba8Ga16Ge30, whereas substitution of Ge with Zn appears a potent method for improving its performance.
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| 30. |
- Cena-Diez, Rafael, et al.
(author)
-
Naturally occurring dipeptide from elite controllers with dual anti-HIV-1 mechanism
- 2023
-
In: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-8579 .- 1872-7913. ; 61:5, s. 106792-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Enhanced levels of a dipeptide, WC-am, have been reported among elite controllers - patients who spontaneously control their HIV-1 infection. This study aimed to evaluate anti-HIV-1 activity and mechanism of action of WC-am.Methods: Drug sensitivity assays in TZM.bl cells, PBMCs and ACH-2 cells using WT and mutated HIV-1 strains were performed to evaluate the antiviral mechanism of WC-am. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and Real-time PCR analysis of reverse transcription steps were performed to unravel the second anti-HIV-1 mechanism of WC-am.Results: The data suggest that WC-am binds to the CD4 binding pocket of HIV-1 gp120 and blocks its binding to the host cell receptors. Additionally, the time course assay showed that WC-am also inhibited HIV-1 at 4-6 hours post-infection, suggesting a second antiviral mechanism. Drug sensitivity assays under acidic wash conditions confirmed the ability of WC-am to internalise into the host cell in an HIV independent manner. Proteomic studies showed a clustering of all samples treated with WC-am independent of the number of doses or presence or absence of HIV-1. Differentially expressed proteins due to the WC-am treatment indicated an effect on HIV-1 reverse transcription, which was confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Conclusion: Naturally occurring in HIV-1 elite controllers, WC-am stands out as a new kind of antiviral compound with two independent inhibitory mechanisms of action on HIV-1 replication. WC-am halts HIV-1 entry to the host cell by binding to HIV-1 gp120, thereby blocking the binding of HIV-1 to the host cell. WC-am also exerts a post-entry but pre-integration antiviral effect related to RT-activity.
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| 31. |
- Decker, Ralph, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Different thresholds of tissue-specific dose-responses to growth hormone in short prepubertal children
- 2012
-
In: BMC Endocrine Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6823. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background In addition to stimulating linear growth in children, growth hormone (GH) influences metabolism and body composition. These effects should be considered when individualizing GH treatment as dose-dependent changes in metabolic markers have been reported. Hypothesis: There are different dose-dependent thresholds for metabolic effects in response to GH treatment. Method A randomized, prospective, multicentre trial TRN 98-0198-003 was performed for a 2-year catch-up growth period, with two treatment regimens (a) individualized GH dose including six different dose groups ranging from 17--100 mug/kg/day (n=87) and (b) fixed GH dose of 43 mug/kg/day (n=41). The individualized GH dose group was used for finding dose--response effects, where the effective GH dose (ED 50%) required to achieve 50% Delta effect was calculated with piecewise linear regressions. Results Different thresholds for the GH dose were found for the metabolic effects. The GH dose to achieve half of a given effect (ED 50%, with 90% confidence interval) was calculated as 33(+/-24.4) mug/kg/day for [increment] left ventricular diastolic diameter (cm), 39(+/-24.5) mug/kg/day for [increment] alkaline phosphatase (mukat/L), 47(+/-43.5) mug/kg/day for [increment] lean soft tissue (SDS), 48(+/-35.7) mug/kg/day for [increment] insulin (mU/L), 51(+/-47.6) mug/kg/day for [increment] height (SDS), and 57(+/-52.7) mug/kg/day for [increment] insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) SDS. Even though lipolysis was seen in all subjects, there was no dose--response effect for Delta fat mass (SDS) or Delta leptin ng/ml in the dose range studied. None of the metabolic effects presented here were related to the dose selection procedure in the trial. Conclusions Dose-dependent thresholds were observed for different GH effects, with cardiac tissue being the most responsive and level of IGF-I the least responsive. The level of insulin was more responsive than that of IGF-I, with the threshold effect for height in the interval between.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Djurle, Annika, et al.
(author)
-
Addressing biohazards to food security in primary production
- 2022
-
In: Food Security. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1876-4517 .- 1876-4525. ; 14, s. 1475-1497
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This review addresses ways to prepare for and to mitigate effects of biohazards on primary production of crops and livestock. These biohazards can be natural or intentional introductions of pathogens, and they can cause major economic damage to farmers, the agricultural industry, society, and international trade. Agroterrorism is the intentional introduction of animal or plant pathogens into agricultural production systems with the intention to cause socioeconomic harm and generate public fear. Although few acts of agroterrorism are reported, the threat of agroterrorism in Europe is real. New concerns about threats arise from the rapid advancements in biotechnology and emerging technologies. FORSA, an analytical framework for risk and vulnerability analysis, was used to review how to prepare for and mitigate the possible effects of natural or intentional biohazards in agricultural production. Analyzing the effects of a biohazard event involves multiple scientific disciplines. A comprehensive analysis of biohazards therefore requires a systems approach. The preparedness and ability to manage events are strengthened by bolstered farm biosecurity, increased monitoring and laboratory capacity, improved inter-agency communication and resource allocation. The focus of this review is on Europe, but the insights gained have worldwide applications. The analytical framework used here is compared to other frameworks. With climate change, Covid-19 and the war in Ukraine, the supply chains are challenged, and we foresee increasing food prices associated with social tensions. Our food supply chain becomes more fragile with more unknowns, thereby increasing the needs for risk and vulnerability analyses, of which FORSA is one example.
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| 36. |
- Ekwall, Eva, et al.
(author)
-
Determination of the most effective cooling temperature for the prevention of chemotherapy‑induced alopecia
- 2013
-
In: Molecular And Clinical Oncology. - : Spandidos Publications. - 2049-9450 .- 2049-9469. ; 1:6, s. 1065-1071
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Computer‑controlled scalp cooling to prevent alopecia is currently available for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Previous studies have suggested that the temperature should be <22˚C at a depth of 1‑2 mm in the scalp to prevent alopecia. However, the optimal pre‑set temperature of the coolant medium to achieve this temperature requires further investigation. A pre‑study was conducted to investigate which pre‑set coolant temperature of 3 and 8˚C was the most effective in achieving a scalp temperature of <22˚C. The temperature variations at different sites of the scalp and variations within and among the participants at baseline and during the cooling procedure were also evaluated. A randomized main study was then performed to compare the efficacy and side effects of the two temperature levels during paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy. A group of 5 healthy female volunteers participated in a series of scalp temperature measurements during cooling with 3 and 8˚C of the coolant medium. In the randomized main study, a total of 47 patients were included, of whom 43 were evaluable after the first cycle. A pre‑set temperature of 3˚C tended to be the most efficient in achieving a hair follicle temperature of <22˚C. The top of the head was less responsive to scalp cooling. There were no significant differences in the prevention of alopecia between the two temperatures in the main study. However, headache and a feeling of coldness were more common in the 3˚C group. A coolant temperature of 3˚C was more effective in achieving a subcutaneous temperature of <22˚C. However, this finding was not reflected by a significant difference in the prevention of alopecia in this study, although a higher incidence of side effects was associated with a lower temperature level.
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| 37. |
- Emilsson, Kent, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Comparison between aortic, mitral and tricuspid annular velocities measured with quantitative two-dimensional color Doppler tissue imaging in healthy subjects.
- 2007
-
In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 27:5, s. 275-83
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare the systolic, early and late diastolic velocities of the aortic, mitral and tricuspid annuli in healthy subjects and to study the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility (IIOR) of measuring the velocities at the aortic annulus.METHODS: Twenty healthy subjects with mean age 28 years were investigated with quantitative two-dimensional color Doppler tissue imaging and the systolic, early and late diastolic velocities were measured at the aortic, mitral and tricuspid annuli.RESULTS: The mitral annulus had significant higher systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity than the aortic annulus. The late diastolic velocity was significant lower at the aortic annulus compared with the both other annuli. At the different sites of the annuli the highest systolic velocity and early diastolic velocity were measured at the lateral site of the mitral annulus, whereas the lowest systolic velocity was measured at the septal site of the same annulus. The lowest early diastolic velocity was found at the septal site of the aortic annulus. The highest late diastolic velocity was measured at the lateral site of the tricuspid annulus and the lowest at the lateral site of the aortic annulus.CONCLUSIONS: The mitral annulus has statistical significant higher systolic and early diastolic velocities than the aortic annulus. There are significant differences in velocities between several of the different sites of the annuli. IIOR of measuring the systolic and early diastolic velocities of the aortic annulus is good.
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| 38. |
- Erlandsson, Ann, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Quantification of Bordetella pertussis in clinical samples by colorimetric detection of competitive PCR products
- 1998
-
In: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 106:7-12, s. 1041-1048
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Quantification of microorganisms is an important part of the normal diagnostic work of a clinical microbiology laboratory. Traditionally the diagnosis of pertussis is subject to a yes or no approach with no quantitative dimension. This can, however, be of interest as a factor when judging the risk of a patient spreading the bacterium and as a research tool. The aim of the present study was to develop a PCR-based quantitative assay for Bordetella pertussis DNA in clinical nasopharyngeal aspirates by combining a quantitative PCR with a colorimetric detection principle, DIANA (detection of immobilised amplified nucleic acid). A competitor to the PCR target sequence in IS-481, containing a lac-operator, was constructed and calibrated, and a test protocol prepared. A total of 46 clinical nasopharyngeal aspirates, previously diagnosed using a standard nested PCR assay and quantified by culture, were analysed by the quantitative PCR. The method showed acceptable precision and accuracy considering that it estimates the total number of bacterial genomes while culture detects viable bacteria. Recognised advantages were the simple colorimetric detection, the inborn indication of a working PCR assay, and the possibility of obtaining results even when partial inhibition of the PCR assay was seen. In addition, the quantitative PCR result can be obtained within one day compared to 3–10 days for culture. The present results and the qualities of the quantitative PCR suggest that this assay will be a useful complement in routine diagnostics and in research.
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| 39. |
- Fahlgren, Siv, et al.
(author)
-
A room of our own : A collective biography of an exercise in interdisciplinary feminism.
- 2011
-
In: Normalization and “outsiderhood”. - UAE : Bentham eBooks. - 9781608052790 ; , s. 106-116
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract: The interdisciplinary research project “Challenging gender” was a joint effort by members of two Swedish universities. Researchers were grouped by five different themes, while together they became “the Arena”. The present authors’ theme focused on normalization processes, and included gender researchers from literary studies, sociology, social work, and public health studies. The purpose of this chapter is to explore what it is to challenge normalization processes as researchers; the context is interdisciplinary gender research under a neo-liberal regime. To deepen their understanding of what the process has occasioned, the researchers used “collective biography”, a memory-work method developed by Bronwyn Davies, who led the researchers’ work of writing down their memories prompted by experience of striations and of lines of flight. In this chapter the memories so produced are discussed in the light of Virginia Woolf’s A room of one’s own. Thanks to the financial resources the project was able to muster, we were able to create the kind of collective “room” where we could take the opportunity to be creative and challenge structural patterns – but equally where we could give vent to our frustration at these same patterns. Our memories seemed to waver between fragile but uplifting flashes of optimism and a feeling that nothing would work, and not only just the one or the other – always somewhere in between. Our theoretical understanding of normality grew out of that most dangerous of ideas: that we should open our minds to the unpredictable, the non-normalizing, to whatever could be different
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| 40. |
- Fahlgren, Siv, et al.
(author)
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Having Your Cake and Eating It? : The “Painful Cake” Incident of 2012 Examined
- 2015
-
In: Konsthistorisk Tidskrift. - : Routledge. - 0023-3609 .- 1651-2294. ; 84:1, s. 55-70
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- On the 15th of April, 2012, The Modern Museum (Modernamuseet) in Stockholm celebrated the World Art Day by having a reception with the Swedish cultural minister present, at which an artwork in the form of a cake made in the likeness of the body of a caricatured black woman was served, cut up and eaten, while the artist, masked as the cakes head, screamed. This conceptual, relational, and contextualizing artwork, which leads to a much heated debate in Sweden and which was also internationally picked up on, was made by the explicitly anti-racist artist Makode Linde. In this article, we explore the problem of this event in terms of its sociocultural significance. How did we react upon the drama that we were following from a distance? What did it make us see? What questions did the incident raise about the Swedish society of today? These are examples of the questions we as gender researchers working in Sweden will discuss in the form of a triptych. We use the triptych metaphor as a tool for opening dialogue. By opening its panels it becomes possible to decommodify the single image of the artwork and make relations between agents traceable, visible, and readable.
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| 41. |
- Fahlgren, Siv, et al.
(author)
-
Neoliberalism - A regime of fear?
- 2014
-
In: Walking beside. - Sundsvall : Forum for Gender Studies, Mid Sweden University. - 9789187557965 ; , s. 106-113
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 42. |
- Fahlgren, Siv, et al.
(author)
-
Utmaningar : feminismens (o)möjlighet under nyliberalismen
- 2016
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- När individen på en marknad blivit den alltigenom dominerande modellen för att organisera samhällen och organisationer har det också påverkat hur en ser på betydelsen av kön. Den här boken utforskar hur normalisering går till under nyliberalism, hur det görs på sätt som både utmanar feministiska perspektiv och kan utmanas av feministiska läsningar. Om vi alla i nyliberal anda sägs göra fria, individualistiska val kring alla frågor i våra liv, val som var och en av oss själva samtidigt står ansvariga för, blir en feministisk kritisk position svår att se. Måste vi då kunna tänka i sociala kollektiv för att komma förbi föreställningar om och erfarenheter av ett privatiserat och personligt förtryck, förenklingar och individuell moralism? Så ställer boken frågor om feminismens (o)möjlighet under nyliberalism. Boken avslutas med att skissa möjliga feministiska positioner och strategier för förändring, för att slutligen visionärt diskutera vad ett feministiskt samhälle skulle kunna vara.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Frostfeldt, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Low molecular weight heparin (Dalteparin) as adjuvant treatment to thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction-a pilot study : BIOchemical markers in acute coronary syndromes (BIOMACS II)
- 1999
-
In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 33:3, s. 627-633
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial evaluated the effect of dalteparin as an adjuvant to thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction regarding early reperfusion, recurrent ischemia and patency at 24 h. BACKGROUND: Low-molecular-weight heparin, given subcutaneously twice daily without monitoring, might be an attractive alternative to conventional intravenous heparin in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: In 101 patients dalteparin/placebo 100 IU/kg was given just before streptokinase and a second injection 120 IU/kg after 12 h. Monitoring with continuous vector-ECG was done to obtain signs of early reperfusion and later ischemic episodes. Blood samples for myoglobin were obtained at start and after 90 min to evaluate signs of reperfusion. Coronary angiography was performed after 20-28 h to evaluate TIMI-flow in the infarct-related artery. RESULTS: Dalteparin added to streptokinase tended to provide a higher rate of TIMI grade 3 flow in infarct-related artery compared to placebo, 68% versus 51% (p = 0.10). Dalteparin had no effects on noninvasive signs of early reperfusion. In patients with signs of early reperfusion, there seemed to be a higher rate of TIMI grade 3 flow, 74% versus 46% (myoglobin) (p = 0.04) and 73% versus 52% (vector-ECG) (p = 0.11). Ischemic episodes 6-24 h. after start of treatment were fewer in the dalteparin group, 16% versus 38% (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: When dalteparin was added as an adjuvant to streptokinase and aspirin, there were tendencies for less ECG monitoring evidence of recurrent ischemia and better patency at 24 h, warranting further study.
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| 45. |
- Frostfeldt, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Possible reasons for the prognostic value of troponin-T on admission in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- 2001
-
In: Coronary Artery Disease. - 0954-6928 .- 1473-5830. ; 12:3, s. 227-237
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In patients with acute myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation, increased troponin-T (TnT) on admission implies an increased mortality. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the prognostic value of TnT. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and one patients were included and all received thrombolytic treatment. The patients were compared according to TnT level on admission (cut-off 0.1 microg/l). Elevation of TnT was associated with long-term mortality and also with longer delay, more episodes of chest pain during the last 24 h and fewer noninvasive signs of reperfusion at 90 min. In the group with elevated TnT, the coronary angiography at 24 h showed a strong trend towards lower patency in the infarct-related artery. TnT was also associated with increased infarct size if a higher cut-off level (0.43 microg/l) was used. In univariate analysis, elevated TnT, longer delay, repeated chest pain, Q-waves on admission and reduced left ventricular (LV) function were significantly associated with long-term mortality. In multivariate models, only reduced LV function and less than TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) grade 3 flow turned out to be significant independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic value of TnT level on admission regarding long-term mortality was confirmed and seems mainly to be explained by its association with longer delay and recent myocardial damage, but its association with reduced effect of thrombolytic treatment, larger infarct size and impaired LV function might also be of importance.
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| 46. |
- Fryknäs, Mårten, et al.
(author)
-
Phenotype-based screening of mechanistically annotated compounds in combination with gene expression and pathway analysis identifies candidate drug targets in a human squamous carcinoma cell model
- 2006
-
In: Journal of Biomolecular Screening. - : Elsevier BV. - 1087-0571 .- 1552-454X. ; 11:5, s. 457-468
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The squamous cell carcinoma HeLa cell line and an epithelial cell line hTERT-RPE with a nonmalignant phenotype were interrogated for HeLa cell selectivity in response to 1267 annotated compounds representing 56 pharmacological classes. Selective cytotoxic activity was observed for 14 of these compounds dominated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, which tended to span a representation of the chemical descriptor space of the library. The PDE inhibitors induced delayed cell death with features compatible with classical apoptosis. The PDE inhibitors were largely inactive when tested against a cell line panel consisting of hematological and nonsquamous epithelial phenotypes. In a genome-wide DNA microarray analysis, PDE3A and PDE2A were found to be significantly increased in HeLa cells compared to the other cell lines. The pathway analysis software PathwayAssist was subsequently used to extract a list of proteins and small molecules retrieved from Medline abstracts associated with the hit compounds. The resulting list consisted of major parts of the cAMP-protein kinase A pathway linking to ERK, P38, and AKT. This molecular network may provide a basis for further exploitation of novel candidate targets for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma.
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| 47. |
- Fryknäs, Mårten, et al.
(author)
-
STAT1 signaling is associated with acquired crossresistance to doxorubicin and radiation in myeloma cell lines
- 2007
-
In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 120:1, s. 189-195
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The myeloma cell line RPMI 8226/S and its doxorubicin resistant subline 8226/Dox40 were used as models to explore the potential importance of the STAT1 signaling pathway in drug and radiation resistance. The 40-fold doxorubicin resistant subline 8226/Dox40 was found to be crossresistant to single doses of 4 and 8 Gy of radiation. A genome-wide mRNA expression study comparing the 8226/Dox40 cell line to its parental line was performed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Seventeen of the top 50 overexpressed genes have previously been implicated in the STAT1 signaling pathway. STAT1 was over expressed both at the mRNA and protein level. Moreover, analyses of nuclear extracts showed higher abundance of phosphorylated STAT1 (Tyr 701) in the resistant subline. Preexposure of the crossresistant cells to the STAT1 inhibiting drug fludarabine reduced expression of overexpressed genes and enhanced the effects of both doxorubicin and radiation. These results show that resistance to doxorubicin and radiation is associated with increased STAT1 signaling and can be modulated by fludarabine. The data support further development of therapies combining fludarabine and radiation.
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| 48. |
- Giritli Nygren, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Inledande ord
- 2016
-
In: Ko. - Sundsvall : Mid Sweden University. - 9789188025739
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Giritly Nygren, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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(Re)assembling the ‘Normal’ in Neoliberal Policy Discourses : Tracing Gender Relations in the Age of Risk
- 2015
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In: Nordic Journal of Social Research. - : Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS. - 1892-2783. ; 6, s. 24-43
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to explore through a reading of an official Swedish policy document what questions and challenges such a document poses for feminist theory by the way the 'normal' is (re)assembled in accordance with what others have called the risk politics of advanced liberalism. The intensified focus on risk in neoliberalism has seen responsibility move from the state to individuals, and old divisions between society and market as well as between civil society and state are being refigured. The argument put forward here is that current modes of governance tend to neglect the complexities of present-day life courses when using a gender-'neutral' approach to social policy that is in fact the work of a gender regime.
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