| 1. |
- Latacz, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Histopathological growth patterns of liver metastasis : updated consensus guidelines for pattern scoring, perspectives and recent mechanistic insights
- 2022
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Nature. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 127:6, s. 988-1013
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first consensus guidelines for scoring the histopathological growth patterns (HGPs) of liver metastases were established in 2017. Since then, numerous studies have applied these guidelines, have further substantiated the potential clinical value of the HGPs in patients with liver metastases from various tumour types and are starting to shed light on the biology of the distinct HGPs. In the present guidelines, we give an overview of these studies, discuss novel strategies for predicting the HGPs of liver metastases, such as deep-learning algorithms for whole-slide histopathology images and medical imaging, and highlight liver metastasis animal models that exhibit features of the different HGPs. Based on a pooled analysis of large cohorts of patients with liver-metastatic colorectal cancer, we propose a new cut-off to categorise patients according to the HGPs. An up-to-date standard method for HGP assessment within liver metastases is also presented with the aim of incorporating HGPs into the decision-making processes surrounding the treatment of patients with liver-metastatic cancer. Finally, we propose hypotheses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive the biology of the different HGPs, opening some exciting preclinical and clinical research perspectives.
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| 2. |
- Thyssen, Jacob P., et al.
(författare)
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Management of ocular manifestations of atopic dermatitis : A consensus meeting using a modified delphi process
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 100:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for unified guidance on the management of ocular manifestations of atopic dermatitis and ocular manifestations associated with dupilumab in the Nordic region (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden). This initiative gathered Nordic dermatologists and ophthalmologists to identify consensus in this area using a modified Delphi process. The initiative was led by a Nordic expert panel who developed a questionnaire that was circulated to a wider group. The results informed an agenda consisting of 24 statements to be voted on using a 5-point Likert scale at a meeting in Copenhagen on 24 April 2019. A facilitator moderated discussion and revised statements according to expert feedback for a second vote when required to reach consensus. Consensus was reached for 23 statements regarding the diagnosis, treatment and referral of these patients, which we hope will improve patient management in the Nordic region.
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| 3. |
- Ahlbeck, Lars, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens renders similar clinical response in patients with allergic rhinitis due to birch and grass pollen
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - Chichester, United Kingdom : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 52:6, s. 747-759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThere is a need for a fast, efficient and safe way to induce tolerance in patients with severe allergic rhinitis. Intralymphatic immune therapy has been shown to be effective. MethodsPatients with severe birch and timothy allergy were randomized and received three doses of 0.1 ml of birch and 5-grass allergen extracts (10,000 SQ units/ml, ALK-Abello), or birch and placebo or 5-grass and placebo by ultrasound-guided injections into inguinal lymph nodes at monthly intervals. Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score, medication score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire were evaluated before treatment and after each birch and grass pollen season during three subsequent years. Circulating proportions of T helper subsets and allergen-induced cytokine and chemokine production were analysed by flow cytometry and Luminex.Results The three groups reported fewer symptoms, lower use of medication and improved quality of life during the birch and grass pollen seasons each year after treatment at an almost similar rate independently of treatment with one or two allergens. Mild local pain was the most common adverse event. IgE levels to birch decreased, whereas birch-induced IL-10 secretion increased in all three groups. IgG4 levels to birch and timothy and skin prick test reactivity remained mainly unchanged. Conjunctival challenge tests with timothy extract showed a higher threshold for allergen. In all three groups, regulatory T cell frequencies were increased 3 years after treatment.Conclusions Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens in patients with grass and birch pollen allergy was safe, effective and may be associated with bystander immune modulatory responses.
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| 4. |
- Gericke, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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The European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE) research roadmap 2040: Advanced strategies for exploiting the vast potential of polysaccharides as renewable bioresources
- 2024
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polysaccharides are among the most abundant bioresources on earth and consequently need to play a pivotal role when addressing existential scientific challenges like climate change and the shift from fossil-based to sustainable biobased materials. The Research Roadmap 2040 of the European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE) provides an expert's view on how future research and development strategies need to evolve to fully exploit the vast potential of polysaccharides as renewable bioresources. It is addressed to academic researchers, companies, as well as policymakers and covers five strategic areas that are of great importance in the context of polysaccharide related research: (I) Materials & Engineering, (II) Food & Nutrition, (III) Biomedical Applications, (IV) Chemistry, Biology & Physics, and (V) Skills & Education. Each section summarizes the state of research, identifies challenges that are currently faced, project achievements and developments that are expected in the upcoming 20 years, and finally provides outlines on how future research activities need to evolve.
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| 5. |
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Globalization, fragmentation, labour and employment law : A Swedish perspective
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- GLOBALISATION AND INTERNATIONALISATION have had significant consequences for the regulation of labour markets in recent decades. This volume addresses some of the questions raised by the necessary rethinking of labour law-related issues. Labour and employment law have become increasingly interdependent at all levels, while simultaneously an increasing fragmentation of legal sources has occurred. This collection of essays provides different perspectives on aspects of these processes, in international or European perspectives, in the light of fundamental human rights or with a view to Swedish labour and employment law. The volume ends by looking into the future through the lens of the fragmentation of labour and employment law.
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| 6. |
- Hendry, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of autism and developmental disorders. - : Springer Nature. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 50:11, s. 4085-4105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals’ mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7–9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Krali, Olga, et al.
(författare)
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Multimodal classification of molecular subtypes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- 2023
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Ingår i: npj Precision Oncology. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-768X. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genomic analyses have redefined the molecular subgrouping of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Molecular subgroups guide risk-stratification and targeted therapies, but outcomes of recently identified subtypes are often unclear, owing to limited cases with comprehensive profiling and cross-protocol studies. We developed a machine learning tool (ALLIUM) for the molecular subclassification of ALL in retrospective cohorts as well as for up-front diagnostics. ALLIUM uses DNA methylation and gene expression data from 1131 Nordic ALL patients to predict 17 ALL subtypes with high accuracy. ALLIUM was used to revise and verify the molecular subtype of 281 B-cell precursor ALL (BCP-ALL) cases with previously undefined molecular phenotype, resulting in a single revised subtype for 81.5% of these cases. Our study shows the power of combining DNA methylation and gene expression data for resolving ALL subtypes and provides a comprehensive population-based retrospective cohort study of molecular subtype frequencies in the Nordic countries.
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| 9. |
- McCulloch, Laura J, et al.
(författare)
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COL6A3 is regulated by leptin in human adipose tissue and reduced in obesity.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7170 .- 0013-7227. ; 156:1, s. 134-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fibrosis of adipose tissue (AT) increases AT rigidity, reduces its expandability and contributes to metabolic dysfunction. Collagen type VI, alpha3 (COL6A3) encodes one subunit of a fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) protein highly expressed in rodent AT. Knock-out of collagen VI in rodent AT led to a significant improvement in metabolic health in obese, diabetic (ob/ob) mice however, it is unknown whether this collagen has the same metabolic significance in human AT. We therefore aimed to undertake a comprehensive assessment of COL6A3 in relation to human AT and obesity. Characterisation of COL6A3 in human AT showed 5 fold higher expression in the stromalvascular fraction compared with adipocyte expression and significantly higher expression in subcutaneous than omental AT. In both depots COL6A3 expression appeared to be lowered in obesity, whilst diet and surgery-induced weight loss increased COL6A3 expression in subcutaneous AT. Leptin treatment caused a dose dependent decrease in COL6A3 expression although no effect was seen with insulin or glucose treatment and no difference observed in subjects with diabetes. In addition, we found that the collagen expression profile in humans differs significantly from rodents as COL6A3 does not appear to be the predominant collagen in adipose, muscle or liver. Our findings oppose those initially seen in rodent studies and most importantly, demonstrate a direct regulation of COL6A3 by leptin. This highlights the importance of a paracrine leptin signalling pathway in human AT and suggests an additional mechanism by which leptin can regulate ECM composition and with it AT expandability.
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| 14. |
- Sandberg, Alexander, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Fibrillation and molecular characteristics are coherent with clinical and pathological features of 4-repeat tauopathy caused by MAPT variant G273R
- 2020
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Disease. - : Academic Press. - 0969-9961 .- 1095-953X. ; 146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microtubule Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) forms proteopathic aggregates in several diseases. The G273R tau mutation, located in the first repeat region, was found by exome sequencing in a patient who presented with dementia and parkinsonism. We herein return to pathological examination which demonstrated tau immunoreactivity in neurons and glia consistent of mixed progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) features. To rationalize the pathological findings, we used molecular biophysics to characterize the mutation in more detail in vitro and in Drosophila. The G273R mutation increases the aggregation propensity of 4-repeat (4R) tau and alters the tau binding affinity towards microtubules (MTs) and F-actin. Tau aggregates in PSP and CBD are predominantly 4R tau. Our data suggest that the G273R mutation induces a shift in pool of 4R tau by lower F-actin affinity, alters the conformation of MT bound 4R tau, while increasing chaperoning of 3R tau by binding stronger to F-actin. The mutation augmented fibrillation of 4R tau initiation in vitro and in glial cells in Drosophila and showed preferential seeding of 4R tau in vitro suggestively causing a late onset 4R tauopathy reminiscent of PSP and CBD.
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| 15. |
- Schaeffer, Jennie, PhD, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Dioxide Theatre : at the museum
- 2020. - 1
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This book is about the Carbon Dioxide Theatre project, in which we explored how participatory theatre and participatory design can be used in a museum to create engagement with climate issues.The Carbon Dioxide Theatre project focused on young people’s ability to reflect on and critically review social norms and practices around climate targets and carbon dioxide emissions, although the process affected all participants. Objects from the museum’s existing collections were central to the project to create reflections on past and present social norms.With this text, we want to inspire you to explore how museums can develop new ways of working with collections and communication related to our cultural heritage and contemporary global challenges.In the text, we have mixed descriptions of the process and the methods with personal stories from us in the project in order to share as many different perspectives of the project as possible with you. We hope that you will get inspired!
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| 16. |
- Schunemann, Holger J., et al.
(författare)
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Methods for Development of the European Commission Initiative on Breast Cancer Guidelines Recommendations in the Era of Guideline Transparency
- 2019
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Ingår i: Annals of Internal Medicine. - : American College of Physicians. - 0003-4819 .- 1539-3704. ; 171:4, s. 273-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neither breast cancer prevention and early-detection programs, nor their outcomes, are uniform across Europe. This article describes the rationale, methods, and process for development of the European Commission ( EC) Initiative on Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Guidelines. To be consistent with standards set by the Institute of Medicine and others, the EC followed 6 general principles. First, the EC selected, via an open call, a panel with broad representation of areas of expertise. Second, it ensured that all recommendations were supported by systematic reviews. Third, the EC separately considered important subgroups of women, included patient advocates in the guidelines development group, and focused on good communication to inform women's decisions. Fourth, EC rules on conflicts of interest were followed and the GRADE ( Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) Evidence to Decision frameworks were used to structure the process and minimize the influence of competing interests. Fifth, it focused its recommendations on outcomes that matter to women, and certainty of the evidence is rated for each. Sixth, the EC elicited stakeholder feedback to ensure that the recommendations remain up to date and relevant to practice. This article describes the approach and highlights ways of disseminating and adapting the recommendations both within and outside Europe, using innovative information technology tools.
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