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- Eliasson, A. C., et al.
(författare)
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The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy: scale development and evidence of validity and reliability
- 2006
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Ingår i: Dev Med Child Neurol. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 48:7, s. 549-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) has been developed to classify how children with cerebral palsy (CP) use their hands when handling objects in daily activities. The classification is designed to reflect the child's typical manual performance, not the child's maximal capacity. It classifies the collaborative use of both hands together. Validation was based on the experience within an expert group, a review of the literature, and thorough analysis of children across a spectrum of function. Discussions continued until consensus was reached, first about the constructs, then about the content of the five levels. Parents and therapists were interviewed about the content and the description of levels. Reliability was tested between pairs of therapists for 168 children (70 females, 98 males; with hemiplegia [n=52], diplegia [n=70], tetraplegia [n=19], ataxia [n=6], dyskinesia [n=19], and unspecified CP [n=2]) between 4 and 18 years and between 25 parents and their children's therapists. The results demonstrated that MACS has good validity and reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient between therapists was 0.97 (95% confidence interval 0.96-0.98), and between parents and therapist was 0.96 (0.89-0.98), indicating excellent agreement.
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| 3. |
- Hellberg, C., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence and evidence gaps in assessments and interventions in areas related to social work research and practice - an overview of four evidence maps
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 26:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This overview of four evidence maps is based on systematic reviews of assessment and interventions in social work practice. The aim was to investigate the evidence and evidence gaps within four important areas for social work research and practice. Descriptive data on search strategies and domains were collected from four evidence maps, on Social Assistance, Substance Dependence, Care for older adults respectively for persons with disabilities. The scientific quality and scientific evidence were assessed. Key findings were summarised by analyzing and discussing common and specific elements in the evidence maps. The overview was undertaken in close collaboration between researchers with expertise in the field and a government agency. The overview identified both evidence and evidence gaps with respect to effects and experiences of interventions and assessment methods in four evidence maps. Evidence maps provide a comprehensive picture of the state of social services research and can thereby be of use to both researchers and practitioners, and in the production of evidence based social work.
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| 6. |
- Sundbom, M., et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in serum pepsinogen I after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. - 1091-255X .- 1873-4626. ; 7:4, s. 529-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The excluded stomach after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) cannot be readily examined by endoscopy for obvious anatomic reasons. Thus it is difficult to monitor possible changes in the gastric mucosa. However, the type and severity of gastritis can now be assessed by a combination of serologic tests: pepsinogen I and antibodies to Helicobacter pylori and H,K-ATPase. Morbidly obese patients were examined before and 1 to 4 years after surgery. A group of 34 patients (mean age 39 years, BMI 44 kg/m2) underwent RYGBP, another group of 30 patients (mean age 42 years, BMI 44 kg/m2) had simple gastric restriction and served as control subjects. All patients, except one in the control group, had normal titers of pepsinogen I before surgery. One year after RYGBP, pepsinogen I levels were significantly reduced, as compared to the control group (P<0.0001), and remained low throughout the study. The control group had stable pepsinogen I levels. In both groups, few patients had increased titers of H. pylori or H,K-ATPase antibodies, but these abnormalities remained unchanged. Low pepsinogen I levels, similar to those we observed in our RYGBP patients, have been linked to chronic atrophic gastritis. However, the absence of food stimulation in the excluded stomach could also be a reason for the low pepsinogen I levels. © 2003 The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Inc.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, I.-B., et al.
(författare)
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Moderate amounts of n-3 fatty acid enriched seafood products are effective in lowering serum triglycerides and blood pressure in healthy subjects
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of human nutrition and dietetics (Print). - 0952-3871 .- 1365-277X. ; 9:2, s. 135-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A double-blind cross-over study was conducted during two 3-week periods. Two series of seafood products were prepared, one containing n-3 fatty acids derived from fish oil triglyceride concentrate and one containing n-6 rich sunflower oil in identical amounts. These products were added to the subjects' ordinary diet. After a wash-out period of at least 4 weeks they switched over to the other diet. Twenty-three subjects with borderline high blood lipids participated, five women and 19 men, with a mean age of 48 ± 9 years. The inclusion of the n-3 enriched seafood products in the diet caused significant reductions of serum triglycerides (25%) and of the systolic blood pressure of 3.7%. An increase in the proportion of long-chain fatty acids in the serum phospholipids after the fish oil period was pronounced. Positive effects were seen on insulin and free fatty acid concentrations with a reduction of 37% of free fatty acids on the fish oil period and of 18.6% of serum insulin concentration. An increase of malondialdehyde concentration in plasma by 21% was seen during the fish oil period. The positive effects on the serum triglyceride and blood pressure are interesting from the viewpoint of public health with regard to the risk of the cardiovascular disease.
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| 10. |
- Ohrvall, A. M., et al.
(författare)
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Intervention with the CO-OP Approach leads to a transfer effect over time to untrained goals for children with cerebral palsy or spina bifida
- 2023
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether the treatment effects, in terms of goal attainment, transfer effects and impact on executive functions, of an intervention in children with cerebral palsy or spina bifida using the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Approach are maintained over time, from immediately after the intervention to three months afterwards.MethodA three-month follow-up study, from an intervention using CO-OP. Thirty-four children (7-16 years) each identified four goals (one untrained to examine transfer) and participated in an eleven-session intervention. Assessments were performed at baseline, immediately after the intervention and at a three-month follow-up using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Performance Quality Rating Scale. Executive function and self-rated competence were assessed at the same timepoints.ResultsStatistically significant and clinically relevant improvements in goal achievement were demonstrated for both trained and untrained goals after the intervention and were maintained at follow-up. The clinically relevant improvement in untrained goals continued to increase until follow-up. Self-rated competence increased after the intervention and was maintained at follow-up.ConclusionThe CO-OP intervention was effective in achieving and maintaining the children's own goals over time. The transfer effect was confirmed by higher goal attainment for the untrained goals.
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| 15. |
- Ohrvall, M, et al.
(författare)
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The serum cholesterol ester fatty acid composition but not the serum concentration of alpha tocopherol predicts the development of myocardial infarction in 50-year-old men : 19 years follow-up.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 127:1, s. 65-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low serum tocopherol concentration and a low proportion of linoleic acid in plasma cholesterol esters have been reported to be associated with coronary heart disease. This study was undertaken to evaluate the predictive importance of the serum cholesterol ester fatty acid composition and serum tocopherol concentration in addition to established risk factors for myocardial infarction. The study comprised 2322 fifty-year-old men who participated in a health survey in 1970-1973 regarding risk factors for coronary heart disease. The proportions of myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, and dihomogammalinolenic acid were significantly higher in 1970-1973 in subjects who suffered myocardial infarction during the following 19 years, while the proportion of linoleic acid was lower, than in those who remained healthy. Serum tocopherol did not differ significantly between the groups. LDL/HDL ratio, systolic blood pressure, and arachidonic acid/dihomogammalinolenic acid ratio were significant independent discriminators between cases and controls in a stepwise logistic regression analysis. This study suggests that middle-aged men who later develop a myocardial infarction are characterized not only by conventional risk factors but also by an altered fatty acid composition of serum cholesterol esters, with a low arachidonic to dihomogammalinolenic acid ratio, indicating reduced delta 5 desaturase activity. This may imply that changes in the quality of dietary fat intake, or an altered capacity to metabolize fatty acids in the body, could precede the development of coronary heart disease.
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| 16. |
- Peny-Dahlstrand, Marie, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Approach is superior to ordinary treatment for achievement of goals and transfer effects in children with cerebral palsy and spina bifida - a randomized controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 45:5, s. 822-831
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Children with cerebral palsy (CP) or spina bifida (SB) often have executive dysfunction affecting activity performance. With the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) Approach, children find their own way to perform activities, using problem-solving strategies and meta-cognitive thinking. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the CO-OP Approach in children with CP or SB, compared with conventional rehabilitation, in achieving self-identified activity goals, and to explore any generalization and transfer effects. Method Randomized controlled trial, CO-OP versus treatment as usual, 38 children (7-16 years) participated. Each child identified four goals (to study generalization and transfer, one remained untrained). Primary outcomes: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS). Secondary outcomes assessed executive functions and self-rated everyday-life competence. Results Self-rated goal attainment (COPM) was significantly greater for both trained and untrained goals in the CO-OP group compared with the control group. The rating of observed performance (PQRS) was significantly higher for trained goals in the CO-OP group. The CO-OP group experienced fewer problems in everyday life after treatment. Executive functions did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion CO-OP is more effective than ordinary treatment in achieving both trained and untrained goals.
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