| 1. |
- Anderson, Helén, et al.
(författare)
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Skapa kundnärvaro i innovationsprocessen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Innovationsförmåga. - Malmö : Holmbergs i Malmö AB. - 9789197785204 ; , s. 40-59
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Ballantyne, Kaye N., et al.
(författare)
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Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeats
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Mutation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1059-7794 .- 1098-1004. ; 35:8, s. 1021-1032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships among individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, greater than99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99836-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% nonunique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 father-son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RMY-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Så kan Sverige bli ledande nation i resurseffektivitet
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2016-04-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ny rapport. Det svenska näringslivet kan bli mer hållbart, resurssmart och därmed internationellt konkurrenskraftigt. Men för det behövs en tydlig politisk avsiktsförklaring och riktlinjer. Vi har listat sex områden där policyutveckling brådskar, skriver företrädare för näringsliv, forskning och myndigheter i en gemensam uppmaning.
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| 5. |
- Björklund, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Matematikkundervisning
- 2013
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna boken är skriven av en grupp erfarna norska och svenska lärarutbildare i matematik. Boken bygger på utprövad erfarenhet - såväl egen som andras - och på aktuell, relevant forskning i matematikdidaktik. Texten väver samman matematik och matematikdidaktik, det vill säga ämnet som det undervisas i och frågor om hur ämnet kan läras och undervisas. Boken innehåller det som är absolut viktigast att få med sig i den grundläggande lärarutbildningen i matmatik.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Same island, different diet : Cultural evolution of food practice on Öland, Sweden, from the Mesolithic to the Roman Period
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-4165 .- 1090-2686. ; 27:4, s. 520-543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in north-west Europe has been described as rapid and uniform, entailing a swift shift from the use of marine and other wild resources to domesticated terrestrial resources. Here, we approach the when, what and how of this transition on a regional level, using empirical data from Öland, an island in the Baltic Sea off the Swedish east coast, and also monitor changes that occurred after the shift. Radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses of bones and teeth from 123 human individuals, along with faunal isotope data from 27 species, applying to nine sites on Öland and covering a time span from the Mesolithic to the Roman Period, demonstrate a great diversity in food practices, mainly governed by culture and independent of climatic changes. There was a marked dietary shift during the second half of the third millennium from a mixed marine diet to the use of exclusively terrestrial resources, interpreted as marking the large-scale introduction of farming. Contrary to previous claims, this took place at the end of the Neolithic and not at the onset. Our data also show that culturally induced dietary transitions occurred continuously throughout prehistory. The availability of high-resolution data on various levels, from intra-individual to inter-population, makes stable isotope analysis a powerful tool for studying the evolution of food practices.
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| 7. |
- Fischer, Marie, 1970-
(författare)
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Mast cells in Hodgkin lymphoma : or 'What's a nice cell like you doing in a tumour like this?'
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mast cell (MC) accumulation around tumours is an old observation gaining new relevance due to the multifaceted nature of MCs and their many roles in immunity, beyond allergy. Knowledge about tumour specific recruitment of, and interactions with, MCs is needed to unravel the function of their presence.This study investigates the participation of mast cells in the tumourigenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), a tumour with many inflammatory features. We report that MC recruitment into HL lymphomatous tissue is possibly due to the production of CCL5/RANTES by malignant Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells. In addition, increased levels of IL-9, a cytokine implicated in mast cell heterogeneity and as an autocrine growth factor for HRS cells, were found in HL patient sera and correlate with negative prognostic factors. The ubiquitous expression of CD30 by HRS cells has been implicated in HL tumour development. In HL tissue MCs were found to be the predominant CD30 ligand (CD30L) expressing cells, and through CD30L/CD30 engagement they induced a proliferative response in HRS cells. This interaction proved to be bi-directional as it induced a degranulation-independent de novo synthesis of a specific set of chemokines in MCs, including IL-8. This novel trigger of MC activation is suggested to be of importance also in atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis since increased numbers of CD30L and IL-8 positive MCs were detected along with increased expression of CD30.Data presented in this study supports a specific recruitment of MCs into HL tumours and co-operative interactions between HRS cells and MCs. Our identification of reversed signalling via CD30L as a novel MC trigger provides a mechanism behind leukocyte infiltration and chronic development in diseases associated with CD30 and MCs, such as HL, AD and psoriasis.
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| 8. |
- Forsberg, Lars A., et al.
(författare)
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Signatures of post-zygotic structural genetic aberrations in the cells of histologically normal breast tissue that can predispose to sporadic breast cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Genome Research. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1088-9051 .- 1549-5469. ; 25:10, s. 1521-1535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sporadic breast cancer (SBC) is a common disease without robust means of early risk prediction in the population. We studied 282 females with SBC, focusing on copy number aberrations in cancer-free breast tissue (uninvolved margin, UM) outside the primary tumor (PT). In total, 1162 UMs (1-14 per breast) were studied. Comparative analysis between UM(s), PT(s), and blood/skin from the same patient as a control is the core of the study design. We identified 108 patients with at least one aberrant UM, representing 38.3% of cases. Gains in gene copy number were the principal type of mutations in microscopically normal breast cells, suggesting that oncogenic activation of genes via increased gene copy number is a predominant mechanism for initiation of SBC pathogenesis. The gain of ERBB2, with overexpression of HER2 protein, was the most common aberration in normal cells. Five additional growth factor receptor genes (EGFR, FGFR1, IGF1R, LIFR, and NGFR) also showed recurrent gains, and these were occasionally present in combination with the gain of ERBB2. All the aberrations found in the normal breast cells were previously described in cancer literature, suggesting their causative, driving role in pathogenesis of SBC. We demonstrate that analysis of normal cells from cancer patients leads to identification of signatures that may increase risk of SBC and our results could influence the choice of surgical intervention to remove all predisposing cells. Early detection of copy number gains suggesting a predisposition toward cancer development, long before detectable tumors are formed, is a key to the anticipated shift into a preventive paradigm of personalized medicine for breast cancer.
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| 9. |
- Grevholm, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Lära och undervisa matematik : från förskoleklass till åk 6
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lära och undervisa matematik - från förskoleklass till åk 6 är en grundbok i matematik och matematikämnets didaktik. Den vänder sig till lärarstuderande och till verksamma lärare som vill aktualisera sina kunskaper och ta del av den senaste forskningen samt sätta sig in i de nya kursplanerna och kunskapskraven i matematik.
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| 10. |
- Gu, Xiaohong
(författare)
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Accumulation and Cellular Clearance of IAPP and Proteotoxicity of ATTR in Drosophila Models
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Proteins’ functions are dependent on their three-dimensional (3D) structure. Under certain circumstances, proteins misfold and form aggregates, sometimes leading to amyloidosis. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) builds up amyloid in the pancreatic islet of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We utilized the GAL4-UAS system to express human proIAPP (hproIAPP), human IAPP (hIAPP) and mouse IAPP (mIAPP) in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster. In transmission electron microscope (TEM), we observed an accumulation of non-fibrillar aggregates in fat body tissue surrounding the brain. TEM tomography used for ultrastructure analysis revealed a spherical shape and a 5-fold twinning structure composed of two crystal packings: the body centered tetragonal (BCT) structure and the triclinic structure.Our biological systems have developed the ability to assist in folding and removing non-functional proteins. We directed the expression of hproIAPP and hIAPP to the 16 ventral lateral neurons (LNvs) and monitored intracellular responses to protein aggregation. We observed that overexpression of hproIAPP and hIAPP significantly reduced the number of LNvs over time. Further studies showed that expression of hproIAPP and hIAPP did not trigger ER stress and apoptosis but resulted in an accumulation of ubiquitinated aggregates, autophagosomes, and lysosomes, indicative of activation of aggrephagy. Overexpression of hproIAPP/hIAPP in flies with the Gstd-ROS reporter results in ROS generation, which can contribute to cell death. Systemic amyloidosis is a rare condition where amyloid deposits occur in multiple organ systems. Deposits of wild type transthyretin (TTRwt) cause the most prevalent form of systemic amyloidosis, while TTR mutations can result in familial forms of the disease. The clinical profile in hereditary ATTR amyloidosis differs in the age of onset, tissue distribution, symptoms, disease penetrance, and prognosis. The Gal4-UAS system was applied to produce flies expressing human TTRwt and single mutant TTR. The Hand-C-Gal4 driver directs the TTR expression in the cardioblasts of the heart. We found the expression of TTRV30L, TTRV30M, TTRA109S, and TTRL111M had a significant impact on cardiac parameters. The Nrv2-Gal4 driver directs the TTR expression to the central and peripheral nerve cells. Expression of TTRV30L, TTRV30M, TTRL55P, and TTR L111M by Nrv2-Gal4 altered the activity or circadian rhythm in the fly. The results showed that different mutations give rise to different phenotypes. In summary, our Drosophila melanogaster models provide valuable insights into amyloidosis and allow for cellular and organ analysis.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Källgården, Eva-Stina, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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Exempel med grafräknaren som pedagogiskt hjälpmedel
- 2007
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Ingår i: Matematikdidaktiska texter. Beprövad erfarenhet och vetenskaplig grund. Del 1. - Stockholm : Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm. - 9176566331 ; , s. 56-65
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Lundberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Stability and fibril formation properties of human and fish transthyretin, and of the Escherichia coli transthyretin-related protein
- 2009
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Ingår i: FEBS JOURNAL. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 276:7, s. 1999-2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human transthyretin (hTTR) is one of several proteins known to cause amyloid disease. Conformational changes in its native structure result in aggregation of the protein, leading to insoluble amyloid fibrils. The transthyretin (TTR)-related proteins comprise a protein family of 5-hydroxyisourate hydrolases with structural similarity to TTR. In this study, we tested the amyloidogenic properties, if any, of sea bream TTR (sbTTR) and Escherichia coli transthyretin-related protein (ecTRP), which share 52% and 30% sequence identity, respectively, with hTTR. We obtained filamentous structures from all three proteins under various conditions, but, interestingly, different structures displayed different tinctorial properties. hTTR and sbTTR formed thin, curved fibrils at low pH (pH 2-3) that bound thioflavin-T (thioflavin-T-positive) but did not stain with Congo Red (CR) (CR-negative). Aggregates formed at the slightly higher pH of 4.0-5.5 had different morphology, displaying predominantly amorphous structures. CR-positive material of hTTR was found in this material, in agreement with previous results. ecTRP remained soluble at pH 2-12 at ambient temperatures. By raising of the temperature, fibril formation could be induced at neutral pH in all three proteins. Most of these temperature-induced fibrils were thicker and straighter than the in vitro fibrils seen at low pH. In other words, the temperature-induced fibrils were more similar to fibrils seen in vivo. The melting temperature of ecTRP was 66.7 degrees C. This is approximately 30 degrees C lower than the melting temperatures of sbTTR and hTTR. Information from the crystal structures was used to identify possible explanations for the reduced thermostability of ecTRP.
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| 16. |
- Lundman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence (SOC) related to health and mortality among the very old : The Umeå 85+ study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 51, s. 329-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe associations between sense of coherence (SOC) and sense of well-being, diseases, physical function and the predictive value of SOC on depression and mortality. The study included 190 participants, aged 85-103 years. Linear correlation analysis was used for relationships between SOC scores and continuous variables. The effects of SOC score on 1- and 4-year mortality, as well as on depression at the 5-year follow-up, were investigated using Cox regression models. The mean SOC score was 71.8+/-10.2 (+/-S.D.). SOC score was positively related to well-being (p
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| 17. |
- Mathény, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Teknikstöd för yrkesverksamma anhöriga : en behovsstudie
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att vara yrkesarbetande och anhörig kan vara en utsatt situation. Även om de flesta väljer att vårda eller stötta sina närstående kan uppgiften medföra att den anhörige själv hamnar i farozonen för att drabbas av ohälsa. I det här projektet har yrkesverksamma anhörigas behov av hjälpmedel och ny teknik inventerats. Projektet genomfördes på två orter i Sverige med en metod där anhöriga har varit delaktiga i varje steg. För att undersöka om, och i så fall vilka, produkter, tjänster och ny teknik som kan utgöra ett stöd föryrkesverksamma personer som stödjer eller vårdar, samt vilkametoder som kan användas för att nå dessa anhöriga med kunskapom ny teknik, genomfördes ett projekt i två steg:Steg 1: Individuella intervjuer, inledande workshop,hjälpmedelsvisning och avslutande workshop i Luleå och Stockholm Steg 2: två efterföljande delstudier:‐ i Luleå gjordes ett pilotprojekt som inriktats på attundersöka intresset för en hemsida, där anhöriga själva kan "tipsa" varandra om smarta lösningar på vardagsproblem ‐ i Stockholm gjordes en undersökning angående anhörigaslärande och motivation i relation till användhet av olika produkter, tjänster och ny teknik. Resultatet visar att produkter, hjälpmedel och ny teknik blir ett väl fungerande anhörigstöd om man också inkluderar den anhöriges separata behov vid förskrivningen. Dessutom måste den anhörige i samband med detta erbjudas insatser som underlättar hennes/hans situation som helhet. Vidare framkom att anhöriga upplevde att ett alltför stort ansvar, både för att söka information om hjälpmedlen och för hur de fungerar, läggs på dem och att personal inom hela vård- och omsorgskedjan måste utveckla sitt samarbete för att anhörigas behov inte ska falla mellan stolarna. Studien visar också att hjälpmedel som inte upplevs som positivt eller känns motiverade för både den anhörige och den närstående inte kommer till användning. Dessa brister beror ofta på osäkerhet i hur hjälpmedlet ska användas. I undersökningsprocessen framkom att den inventeringsmetod som användes i projektet, det vill säga att göra de anhöriga delaktiga i varje steg samt att främja erfarenhetsutbyte i grupp mellan anhöriga och professionella, är ett effektivt sätt att ge och vidga anhörigas kunskap inom området. Därmed kan undersökningsmetoden i sig sägas utgöra en modell för hur anhöriga kan nås av stöd genom produkter, tjänster och ny teknik.
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| 18. |
- Mattsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Association between sociodemographic status and antiepileptic drug prescriptions in children with epilepsy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Epilepsia. - : Wiley. - 0013-9580 .- 1528-1167. ; 53:12, s. 2149-2155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: We investigated whether in Sweden sociodemographic differences are associated with access to expert health care and antiepileptic drug (AED) prescriptions in children with epilepsy.Methods: Data on epilepsy, prescription of AEDs, and sociodemographic variables were obtained from several national administrative registers. We linked individual data to examine whether access by pediatric epilepsy patients to neuropediatricians and the prescription of individual AEDs differed according to gender, age, parental education, place of residence, parental region of birth, and household income. We also assessed whether AEDs are prescribed differently to patients with epilepsy by neuropediatricians as compared to other physicians.Key Findings: Of 1,788,382 children aged 1–17 years in 2006, living in the country by the end of 2006, 9,935 had a diagnosis of epilepsy (0.56%). Patients with epilepsy on AED treatment (n = 3,631) comprised 0.24% of the total Swedish population aged 1–17 years. Out of 3631 patients with epilepsy on AED treatment, 2301 (63.4%) received prescriptions from a neuropediatrician. Children with epilepsy aged 1–5 years old—as opposed to older children and adolescents—and children with epilepsy residing in large cities—as opposed to children living in smaller cities and rural areas—were more likely to be treated by a neuropediatrician. Children living in large cities received oxcarbazepine to a greater extent than children living in rural areas. Levetiracetam was prescribed more extensively to children whose parents had higher incomes. Of the five most frequently used AEDs, three (lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, and levetiracetam) were prescribed to a larger extent by a neuropediatrician rather than by other specialists, and one AED (carbamazepine) was prescribed to a lesser extent.Significance: The results of this nationwide cross-sectional study of children with epilepsy are important because they show that universal coverage for medical care does not eliminate inequalities of access to health care services among children and adolescents. No data are available that can guide us as to whether the density of child neurologists is of importance to access to expert health care, but this seems likely. Prescription patterns of AEDs differ between child neurologists and other specialists.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Lina, 1984-
(författare)
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Kinetic stabilization of transthyretin and its role as an inhibitor of Aβ amyloid formation
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Amyloid formation occurs when normally soluble proteins and peptides misfold and aggregate into intractable threadlike structures called fibrils. There are currently more than 30 proteins associated with this aberrant structure, including the Aβ peptide in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and transthyretin (TTR) in TTR amyloidosis. TTR is a homotetrameric transporter protein present in both cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Dissociation of its tetrameric structure is required for the formation of amyloid fibrils. Small molecule ligands able to bind and stabilize the tetrameric structure of TTR thus represent a potential therapeutic intervention. Interestingly, apart from TTR’s role as a toxic agent in TTR amyloidosis, it also has a role as an inhibitor of the Aβ toxicity associated with AD. The work presented in this thesis focused on small molecules that have the potential ability to prevent TTR amyloidosis. We also sought to gain a greater understanding of the interaction between TTR and the Aβ peptide with respect to Aβ fibril formation.The ability of a drug to stabilize TTR is directly correlated to its binding affinity. However, since TTR is a plasma protein, it is of great importance that the drug binds selectively to TTR. In paper I, we used a newly developed urea denaturation assay, in combination with isothermal titration calorimetry, to show that, in a complex environment such as plasma, the enthalpy of binding correlates better with a drug’s ability to stabilize TTR than the binding affinity. In paper II, we modified the highly selective but rapidly degraded TTR ligand luteolin in order to increase its resistance against biotransformation. Using a liver-based microsome assay, in combination with HPLC, we show how the luteolin analogues have gained increased stability. However, using the urea assay, we also show that the analogues have lost much of luteolin’s selectivity. In paper III, we show that tetrabromobisphenol A is a highly selective binder of TTR in plasma and is able to rescue cells from TTR-induced toxicity. In paper IV, we studied the interaction of TTR with Aβ and its effect on Aβ fibril formation. We used a ThT fluorescence-based assay and dot blotting to show that TTR inhibits Aβ amyloid formation and promotes the formation of high molecular weight assemblies with an open N-terminus. Using surface plasmon resonance, we further show how TTR is unable to inhibit fibril elongation and instead targets the nucleation processes, both primary and fibril-catalyzed secondary nucleation. To conclude, we present new molecules with the ability to selectively stabilize TTR that can serve as scaffolds in drug design. We also elucidate TTR’s inhibiting effects on toxic Aβ amyloid formation.
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| 21. |
- Olofsson, Helén, 1965-
(författare)
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Skriftbruk i fordonsverkstaden : En studie av läs- och skrivstrategier i mötet med arbetslivets texter
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe the reading and writing activities that takes place in vehicle repair workshops and to elucidate how people experiencing low reading-and-writing ability describe their encounters with text in working life. Reading and writing are considered in the study from an educational-philosophical and special educational perspective. This study of literacy was inspired by ethnographic methods. The empirical material consists of field notes from ten participatory observations in vehicle repair workshops, photographs from the workshops and three interviews. To see patterns in how literacy was used, literacy events were taken as the unit of analysis. The literacy environment, community of practice, reading path and technical surroundings are analytical concepts in the thematic presentation of results. Central literacy practices were characterized primarily by reading, often via computer, for information needed for solving problems. The type of reading was often non-linear, given the multimodal texts and choices in computer environments. In addition, semiotic systems and several languages were interpreted. It is important to understand how information is organised and how to handle the technology. Technology provides support structures e.g. pictorial support and translation programmes. Writing out words, button-pushing and keyboard entry to register and search for information through the use of measurement instruments and in computer-generated text environments, were central. Literacy events were embedded in the work tasks and in ongoing learning, and many literacy practices included items of both reading and writing. Social skills, plus recognizing one’s problems and asking for help, were useful strategies for handling the demands of reading and writing in working life, as were allowing time and creating concentration for the task. Interpreting pictorial matter, using technology, copying text and noting down things to remember were further strategies. Implications of the study are that effective strategies for managing the demands of reading and writing that are required in the working place should begin in school. Significant is the teachers’ approach to handling the students’ frustration when studies are not working out as expected. Caring teachers, positive energy and not giving up make a difference. General education teachers need special educational resources in the upper-secondary school in order to counteract school failure and to enhance students’ learning.
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| 22. |
- Olofsson, Tommy, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Om kvinnligt och manligt och annat konstigt i medeltida skämtballader
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Skämtballaderna från medeltiden skulle kunna avfärdas som nonsens. Men de ingår i vår visskatt, har överlevt och traderats. Det tyder på att flydda tiders människor har tyckt att det varit mödan värt att sjunga dem. Kanske sjöngs balladerna för att de utmanar den gängse samhällsordningen och förmedlar en attityd till tingens ordning som kändes och fortfarande känns befriande. Här finns en fränhet och fräckhet. Visorna handlar ofta om erotiska äventyr mellan kvinnor och män, där också maktrelationer mellan hög och låg exponeras, inte sällan på ett oväntat sätt. Gunilla Byrman, professor i svenska språket, och Tommy Olofsson, docent i litteraturvetenskap, skriver om hur kvinnligt och manligt gestaltas i dessa gamla sånger. Boken avslutas med en antologi över de bästa av de svenska medeltidsballader som har bevarats, ett femtiotal, några av dem förut inte tryckta.
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| 23. |
- Perman, Jeanna, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The VLDL receptor promotes lipotoxicity and increases mortality in mice following an acute myocardial infarction.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical investigation. - : American Society for Clinical Investigation. - 1558-8238 .- 0021-9738. ; 121:7, s. 2625-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Impaired cardiac function is associated with myocardial triglyceride accumulation, but it is not clear how the lipids accumulate or whether this accumulation is detrimental. Here we show that hypoxia/ischemia-induced accumulation of lipids in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts is dependent on expression of the VLDL receptor (VLDLR). Hypoxia-induced VLDLR expression in HL-1 cells was dependent on HIF-1α through its interaction with a hypoxia-responsive element in the Vldlr promoter, and VLDLR promoted the endocytosis of lipoproteins. Furthermore, VLDLR expression was higher in ischemic compared with nonischemic left ventricles from human hearts and was correlated with the total lipid droplet area in the cardiomyocytes. Importantly, Vldlr-/- mice showed improved survival and decreased infarct area following an induced myocardial infarction. ER stress, which leads to apoptosis, is known to be involved in ischemic heart disease. We found that ischemia-induced ER stress and apoptosis in mouse hearts were reduced in Vldlr-/- mice and in mice treated with antibodies specific for VLDLR. These findings suggest that VLDLR-induced lipid accumulation in the ischemic heart worsens survival by increasing ER stress and apoptosis.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Wigren, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Atheroprotective effects of Alum are associated with capture of oxidized LDL antigens and activation of regulatory T cells
- 2009
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Ingår i: Circulation Research. - 0009-7330 .- 1524-4571. ; 104:12, s. e62-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The immune system represents a promising novel target for prevention of atherosclerosis. Several pilot vaccines that reduce atherosclerosis in experimental animals have been developed. The aluminum hydroxide adjuvant Alum has been shown to have antiatherogenic properties in itself, suggesting that it may be a suitable adjuvant in possible future atherosclerosis vaccines. To characterize the immune pathways mediating this protection, we treated wild-type C57BL/6 and Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice with Alum or PBS. Analyses of splenocytes isolated from 12-week-old mice demonstrated that Alum increased the presence of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and downregulated the expression of T cell activation markers CD28 and ICOS in Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice but not in C57BL/6 wild-type mice. A similar immunosuppressive phenotype was found also in 25-week-old Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice and was associated with reduced atherosclerosis. Alum precipitates recovered from the injection site of Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice contained antigens derived from oxidized LDL. These findings demonstrate that treatment of Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice with Alum results in an increase of regulatory T cells and suggest that these are activated by tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells presenting oxidized LDL antigens. Our findings provide improved mechanistic understanding of the atheroprotective properties of aluminum hydroxide adjuvants but also point to the importance of determining if hypercholesterolemia may compromise the efficacy of Alum-containing vaccines used clinically today.
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| 30. |
- Zhao, Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Fc{gamma}RIIB Inhibits the Development of Atherosclerosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 184:5, s. 2253-2260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The immune processes associated with atherogenesis have received considerable attention during recent years. IgG FcRs (FcgammaR) are involved in activating the immune system and in maintaining peripheral tolerance. However, the role of the inhibitory IgG receptor FcgammaRIIB in atherosclerosis has not been defined. Bone marrow cells from FcgammaRIIB-deficient mice and C57BL/6 control mice were transplanted to low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding the recipient mice a high-fat diet for 8 wk and evaluated using Oil Red O staining of the descending aorta at sacrifice. The molecular mechanisms triggering atherosclerosis was studied by examining splenic B and T cells, as well as Th1 and Th2 immune responses using flow cytometry and ELISA. The atherosclerotic lesion area in the descending aorta was approximately 5-fold larger in mice lacking FcgammaRIIB than in control mice (2.75 +/- 2.57 versus 0.44 +/- 0.42%; p < 0.01). Moreover, the FcgammaRIIB deficiency resulted in an amplified splenocyte proliferative response to Con A stimulation (proliferation index 30.26 +/- 8.81 versus 2.96 +/- 0.81%, p < 0.0001) and an enhanced expression of MHC class II on the B cells (6.65 +/- 0.64 versus 2.33 +/- 0.25%; p < 0.001). In accordance, an enlarged amount of CD25-positive CD4 T cells was found in the spleen (42.74 +/- 4.05 versus 2.45 +/- 0.31%; p < 0.0001). The plasma Ab and cytokine pattern suggested increased Th1 and Th2 immune responses, respectively. These results show that FcgammaRIIB inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. In addition, they indicate that absence of the inhibiting IgG receptor cause disease, depending on an imbalance of activating and inhibiting immune cells.
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| 31. |
- Åhs, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Gymnasieskolans kursprov vt 2007 : En resultatredovisning
- 2008
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Proven har hög legitimitet hos lärarna. Kraven stämmer till stora delar överens med lärarnassynpunkter och proven anses matcha lärarnas undervisning.Ungefär 20 procent av eleverna får ett högre preliminärt kursbetyg än provbetyg. Liksomi tidigare undersökningar finns indikationer om att främst kvinnorna lyckas höja sitt betygnär lärare tar hänsyn till annat betygsunderlag än provet.Engelska A och B har jämfört med andra ämnen lägsta andelen (ca 4%) elever med IG iprovbetyg . För Matematik B och C är motsvarande andel ca 20 procent.Engelska B och Matematik D har de största andelarna elever med provbetyget MVG.Många elever på de yrkesinriktade programmen uppnår inte godkänt resultat på proven.Dock är variationen stor mellan programmen.Generellt kan man se att elever med annat modersmål har svårare att hävda sig på proven.Dock tycks denna elevgrupp lyckas bättre i de muntliga delarna av kursproven.Liksom när det gäller det sammanräknade provbetyget i Engelska A lyckades eleverna påde naturvetenskapliga, samhällsvetenskapliga och tekniska programmen tillsammans medeleverna på det estetiska programmet bäst med de receptiva delproven, medan andelen ickegodkända resultat var stor på flera av de yrkesinriktade programmen.Rent allmänt visade kursproven i engelska att svarsformer av matchningskaraktär ellerflervalstyp är till männens fördel. Kvinnor lyckas däremot bättre på provdelar med övervägandeegenproducerade svar.Nyordningen med att ge kursprovet i Matematik A på två dagar istället för en pekar resultatmässigtpå att det blivit färre elever med IG som provbetyg. Förklaringen kan vara attelever som har låg uthållighet ges större chans att orka med hela provet. Rent allmänt kanman konstatera att eleverna på de yrkesförberedande programmen lyckats påfallande bättreän tidigare år med provet i Matematik A. Samma trend, fast något svagare, gäller även proveti Matematik B.Flera lärare i Svenska B påpekar att provet var väl anpassat för de program de undervisarpå. Kanske är det ett resultat av att provkonstruktörerna fördjupat sig i frågan vad som gynnaroch missgynnar i proven utifrån program. Värt att notera när det gäller resultaten är attför första gången är G det vanligaste betyget på den långa skrivuppgiften också för kvinnligaelever medan VG fortfarande är det vanligaste provbetyget hos kvinnliga elever.
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