| 1. |
- Abdellah, Tebani, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of molecular profiles in a longitudinal wellness profiling cohort.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important aspect of precision medicine is to probe the stability in molecular profiles among healthy individuals over time. Here, we sample a longitudinal wellness cohort with 100 healthy individuals and analyze blood molecular profiles including proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, autoantibodies andimmune cell profiling, complementedwith gut microbiota composition and routine clinical chemistry. Overall, our results show high variation between individuals across different molecular readouts, while the intra-individual baseline variation is low. The analyses show that each individual has a unique and stable plasma protein profile throughout the study period and that many individuals also show distinct profiles with regards to the other omics datasets, with strong underlying connections between the blood proteome and the clinical chemistry parameters. In conclusion, the results support an individual-based definition of health and show that comprehensive omics profiling in a longitudinal manner is a path forward for precision medicine.
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| 2. |
- Nyberg, Lena, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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A single-step competitive binding assay for mapping of single DNA molecules
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 417:1, s. 404-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical mapping of genomic DNA is of relevance for a plethora of applications such as scaffolding for sequencing and detection of structural variations as well as identification cif pathogens like bacteria and viruses. For future clinical applications it is desirable to have a fast and robust mapping method based on as few steps as possible. We here demonstrate a single-step method to obtain a DNA barcode that is directly visualized using nanofluidic devices and fluorescence microscopy. Using a mixture of YOYO-1, a bright DNA dye, and netropsin, a natural antibiotic with very high AT specificity, we obtain a DNA map with a fluorescence intensity profile along the DNA that reflects the underlying sequence. The netropsin binds to AT-tetrads and blocks these binding sites from YOYO-1 binding which results in lower fluorescence intensity from AT-rich regions of the DNA. We thus obtain a DNA barcode that is dark in AT-rich regions and bright in GC-rich regions with kilobasepair resolution. We demonstrate the versatility of the method by obtaining a barcode on DNA from the phage T4 that captures its circular permutation and agrees well with its known sequence.
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| 3. |
- Sjöblom, Ted, et al.
(författare)
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REEDS : Reference data and algorithms for research and development of smart ships
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish Transport Administration Research and Innovation fund for Maritime research funded the project "Reference data and algorithms to support research and development of smart ships". The project goes by the working name, and is communicated as, Reeds. It responds to a synthesis of a number of different needs identified in previous projects and studies. The background to the project is that in recent years the focus has been on developing algorithms to interpret and act on the physical environment around different types of craft. In order to be able to develop and evaluate these algorithms, it has become clear that open datasets and a fair benchmarking platform are required that allow various developers in industries and researchers to evaluate algorithms. In the road vehicle sector, Kitti, as of 2013, is the largest dataset used as a reference dataset. The dataset in this project contains sensor data from several data collection occasions within a maritime context, from high-precision sensors such as cameras, radar, lidar, and IMU. For marine applications, there has been no similar dataset with anywhere near the same amount of data and time synchronisation between sensors. The reference data and reference algorithms were available periodically during the project through an online service where researchers and developers could upload their algorithms to use the dataset.In addition to the dataset itself, Reeds adds additional strengths compared to other reference datasets:- New approach to comparing algorithms fairly, where new algorithms are always compared on a centralised hardware in a cloud service and re-evaluated when new data is added, i.e. an unbiased algorithm evaluation service.- Method that combines NTP and PTP time protocols for synchronisation between the sensors with microsecond accuracy- More types and more modern sensors that can be used at a higher level of abstraction and can thus be applied in more areas.- Sensor fusion of both onboard and land-side sensors- Identify areas of application for navigation and surveillance on land based on the algorithms developed during the project and the use of new sensor types not established in shipping.- The project built up a maritime reference data set that enables the creation of a digital description for the ship's surrounding environment and developed reference algorithms to demonstrate new navigation and monitoring methodology in the area of "enhanced navigation"."Enhanced navigation" is defined under the project as the use of new technology based on developments in digitisation and autonomous functions, where new navigation methods use sensors both on board and ashore to increase maritime safety and robustness. The project has built a web-based user interface referred to in the report as "Crowsnest" that handles these new sensors and visualises this data in a familiar interface similar to an overlay in ECDIS that is openly available for the public to build on. Which was used for the evaluation and concept development of new user interfaces based on feedback from pilots and VTS operators.By providing reference datasets and reference algorithms with demonstrations, researchers and companies now have the opportunity to develop algorithms for the intelligent and autonomous ships of the future.
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| 4. |
- Adeboye, Peter, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Catabolism of coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yields less toxic products
- 2015
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Ingår i: Microbial Cell Factories. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2859. ; 14:1, s. 149-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lignocellulosic substrates and pulping process streams are of increasing relevance to biorefineries for second generation biofuels and biochemical production. They are known to be rich in sugars and inhibitors such as phenolic compounds, organic acids and furaldehydes. Phenolic compounds are a group of aromatic compounds known to be inhibitory to fermentative organisms. It is known that inhibition of Sacchromyces cerevisiae varies among phenolic compounds and the yeast is capable of in situ catabolic conversion and metabolism of some phenolic compounds. In an approach to engineer a S. cerevisiae strain with higher tolerance to phenolic inhibitors, we selectively investigated the metabolic conversion and physiological effects of coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Aerobic batch cultivations were separately performed with each of the three phenolic compounds. Conversion of each of the phenolic compounds was observed on time-based qualitative analysis of the culture broth to monitor various intermediate and final metabolites. Result: Coniferyl aldehyde was rapidly converted within the first 24 h, while ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid were more slowly converted over a period of 72 h. The conversion of the three phenolic compounds was observed to involved several transient intermediates that were concurrently formed and converted to other phenolic products. Although there were several conversion products formed from coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, the conversion products profile from the three compounds were similar. On the physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the maximum specific growth rates of the yeast was not affected in the presence of coniferyl aldehyde or ferulic acid, but it was significantly reduced in the presence of p-coumaric acid. The biomass yields on glucose were reduced to 73 and 54 % of the control in the presence of coniferyl aldehyde and ferulic acid, respectively, biomass yield increased to 127 % of the control in the presence of p-coumaric acid. Coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid and their conversion products were screened for inhibition, the conversion products were less inhibitory than coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, indicating that the conversion of the three compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was also a detoxification process. Conclusion: We conclude that the conversion of coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid into less inhibitory compounds is a form of stress response and a detoxification process. We hypothesize that all phenolic compounds are converted by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the same metabolic process. We suggest that the enhancement of the ability of S. cerevisiae to convert toxic phenolic compounds into less inhibitory compounds is a potent route to developing a S. cerevisiae with superior tolerance to phenolic compounds.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Road Friction Estimation
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This project is part of the Swedish IVSS program. The aim of IVSS is to stimulate research and development for the road safety of the future. Road conditions with low friction have been identified as a frequent cause of traffic accidents. Therefore, technology to automaticallydetect changes in road conditions and alert the driver or take proper actions with active driver support systems would be a key contribution to increased road safety.The aim of this project was to investigate the possibilities to estimate the tire to road friction.Three different approaches have been developed and evaluated, from concept to early prototypes in test vehicles. In the first method, the estimation of the coefficient of friction is based on the forces and torques that are produced at the front tires at cornering maneuvers.The second method is based on a physical model of the tire behavior and estimates road friction from information on the forces that are produced at straight driving. The third method is based on an optical sensor that classifies the road surface ahead of the vehicle.The three methods have been successfully evaluated in proving ground and public road tests in summer and winter conditions with different tires, and have been compared with reference measurements. The conclusion is that all three methods can be used for tire to road frictionestimation and are recommended for further development and industrialization.
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| 6. |
- Bereczky-Veress, Biborka, et al.
(författare)
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Host strain-dependent difference in susceptibility in a rat model of herpes simplex type 1 encephalitis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of neurovirology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1538-2443 .- 1355-0284. ; 14:2, s. 102-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is characterized by severe focal brain inflammation leading to substantial loss of nervous tissue. The authors established a model of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV)-1-induced acute encephalitis in the rat by injecting into the whiskers' area a virus strain isolated from a fatal human HSE case. The model might resemble natural propagation of HSV-1 in humans; spreading from the mouth and lips via the trigeminal nerve to trigeminal ganglia and subsequently entering the central nervous system (CNS). HSV-1 infected Dark Agouti (DA) rats developed a well-synchronized disease and died 5 days after inoculation. HSV-1 detection by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), virus isolation and immunohistochemistry, magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathological examination verified dramatic encephalitis mainly in the brainstem, but also in the olfactory bulb and other segments of the brain of diseased rats. In contrast, Piebald Virol Glaxo (PVG) rats were completely resistant to disease, displaying a more rapid clearance of peripheral infection and no evidence of virus entering into neither the trigeminal ganglia nor the CNS. These results suggest a regulation of susceptibility to HSV-1-induced encephalitis at the level of peripheral infection and subsequent neuronal uptake/transport of the virus. This provides a basis for future positioning of genetic polymorphisms regulating HSE and for dissection of important pathogenetic mechanisms of this severe human disease.
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| 7. |
- Bill, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking User Involvement in the Front End of Healthcare Innovation
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to share insights from an empirical study within the Swedish healthcare system, based on a case study of the largest business unit of a Swedish medical technology company and its key customer segment. The study involving a Swedish medical technology company and three Swedish hospitals indicates need to move away from an archetypical, largely homogeneous view of the user, towards a more flexible, heterogeneous user perspective. Following from that insight the paper outlines a preliminary model aimed at improving the conditions of the firm for user involvement in the front end of healthcare innovation. In the proposed model, different users are brought to the foreground in different parts of the front-end innovation process. The research performed aimed at putting the business unit in a more beneficial position to involve users in the front end of innovation by increasing their understanding of a) which user types they actually have access to, b) which roles that different user types may take in the various stages of the innovation front-end.
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| 8. |
- Bylow, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Robust online 3D reconstruction combining a depth sensor and sparse feature points
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition. - 1051-4651. ; 0, s. 3709-3714, s. 3709-3714
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Online 3D reconstruction has been an active research area for a long time. Since the release of the Microsoft Kinect Camera and publication of KinectFusion [11] attention has been drawn how to acquire dense models in real-time. In this paper we present a method to make online 3D reconstruction which increases robustness for scenes with little structure information and little texture information. It is shown empirically that our proposed method also increases robustness when the distance between the camera positions becomes larger than what is commonly assumed. Quantitative and qualitative results suggest that this approach can handle situations where other well-known methods fail. This is important in, for example, robotics applications like when the camera position and the 3D model must be created online in real-time.
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| 9. |
- Christiansen, Evald H, et al.
(författare)
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Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve to Guide PCI.
- 2017
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachussetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 376:19, s. 1813-1823
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is an index used to assess the severity of coronary-artery stenosis. The index has been tested against fractional flow reserve (FFR) in small trials, and the two measures have been found to have similar diagnostic accuracy. However, studies of clinical outcomes associated with the use of iFR are lacking. We aimed to evaluate whether iFR is noninferior to FFR with respect to the rate of subsequent major adverse cardiac events.We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry for enrollment. A total of 2037 participants with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome who had an indication for physiologically guided assessment of coronary-artery stenosis were randomly assigned to undergo revascularization guided by either iFR or FFR. The primary end point was the rate of a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization within 12 months after the procedure.A primary end-point event occurred in 68 of 1012 patients (6.7%) in the iFR group and in 61 of 1007 (6.1%) in the FFR group (difference in event rates, 0.7 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.5 to 2.8; P=0.007 for noninferiority; hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.58; P=0.53); the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the difference in event rates fell within the prespecified noninferiority margin of 3.2 percentage points. The results were similar among major subgroups. The rates of myocardial infarction, target-lesion revascularization, restenosis, and stent thrombosis did not differ significantly between the two groups. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the FFR group than in the iFR group reported chest discomfort during the procedure.Among patients with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome, an iFR-guided revascularization strategy was noninferior to an FFR-guided revascularization strategy with respect to the rate of major adverse cardiac events at 12 months. (Funded by Philips Volcano; iFR SWEDEHEART ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02166736 .).
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Escaned, Javier, et al.
(författare)
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Safety of the Deferral of Coronary Revascularization on the Basis of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes
- 2018
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Ingår i: JACC. - : Elsevier. - 1936-8798 .- 1876-7605. ; 11:15, s. 1437-1449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients deferred from coronary revascularization on the basis of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements in stable angina pectoris (SAP) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). BACKGROUND Assessment of coronary stenosis severity with pressure guidewires is recommended to determine the need for myocardial revascularization. METHODS The safety of deferral of coronary revascularization in the pooled per-protocol population (n = 4,486) of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularisation) and iFR-SWEDEHEART (Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris or Acute Coronary Syndrome) randomized clinical trials was investigated. Patients were stratified according to revascularization decision making on the basis of iFR or FFR and to clinical presentation (SAP or ACS). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization at 1 year. RESULTS Coronary revascularization was deferred in 2,130 patients. Deferral was performed in 1,117 patients (50%) in the iFR group and 1,013 patients (45%) in the FFR group (p < 0.01). At 1 year, the MACE rate in the deferred population was similar between the iFR and FFR groups (4.12% vs. 4.05%; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 1.13; 95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 1.79; p = 0.60). A clinical presentation with ACS was associated with a higher MACE rate compared with SAP in deferred patients (5.91% vs. 3.64% in ACS and SAP, respectively; fully adjusted hazard ratio: 0.61 in favor of SAP; 95% confidence interval: 0.38 to 0.99; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Overall, deferral of revascularization is equally safe with both iFR and FFR, with a low MACE rate of about 4%. Lesions were more frequently deferred when iFR was used to assess physiological significance. In deferred patients presenting with ACS, the event rate was significantly increased compared with SAP at 1 year. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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| 12. |
- Espinoza, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Open Answers to Survey Questions throughInteractive Clustering and Theme Extraction
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Conference on Human Information Interaction & Retrieval. - New York, New York, USA : ACM Digital Library. ; , s. 317-320
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes design principles for and the implementation of Gavagai Explorer—a new application which builds on interactive text clustering to extract themes from topically coherent text sets such as open text answers to surveys or questionnaires.An automated system is quick, consistent, and has full coverage over the study material. A system allows an analyst to analyze more answers in a given time period; provides the same initial results regardless of who does the analysis, reducing the risks of inter-rater discrepancy; and does not risk miss responses due to fatigue or boredom. These factors reduce the cost and increase the reliability of the service. The most important feature, however, is relieving the human analyst from the frustrating aspects of the coding task, freeing the effort to the central challenge of understanding themes. Gavagai Explorer is available on-line at http://explorer.gavagai.se
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| 13. |
- Flygt, Hjalmar, et al.
(författare)
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Successful tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation outside clinical trials - data from the population-based Swedish chronic myeloid leukaemia registry
- 2021
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 193:5, s. 915-921
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical trials show that tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment can be discontinued in selected patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Although updated CML guidelines support such procedure in clinical routine, data on TKI stopping outside clinical trials are limited. In this retrospective study utilising the Swedish CML registry, we examined TKI discontinuation in a population-based setting. Out of 584 patients diagnosed with chronic-phase CML (CML-CP) in 2007-2012, 548 had evaluable information on TKI discontinuation. With a median follow-up of nine years from diagnosis, 128 (23%) discontinued TKI therapy (>= 1 month) due to achieving a DMR (deep molecular response) and 107 (20%) due to other causes (adverse events, allogeneic stem cell transplant, pregnancy, etc). Among those stopping in DMR, 49% re-initiated TKI treatment (median time to restart 4 center dot 8 months). In all, 38 patients stopped TKI within a clinical study and 90 outside a study. After 24 months 41 center dot 1% of patients discontinuing outside a study had re-initiated TKI treatment. TKI treatment duration pre-stop was longer and proportion treated with second-generation TKI slightly higher outside studies, conceivably affecting the clinical outcome. In summary we show that TKI discontinuation in CML in clinical practice is common and feasible and may be just as successful as when performed within a clinical trial.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Götberg, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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5-Year Outcomes of PCI Guided by Measurement of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 79:10, s. 965-974
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is a coronary physiology index used to assess the severity of coronary artery stenosis to guide revascularization. iFR has previously demonstrated noninferior short-term outcome compared to fractional flow reserve (FFR), but data on longer-term outcome have been lacking.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prespecified 5-year follow-up of the primary composite outcome of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization of the iFR-SWEDEHEART trial comparing iFR vs FFR in patients with chronic and acute coronary syndromes.METHODS: iFR-SWEDEHEART was a multicenter, controlled, open-label, registry-based randomized clinical trial using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry for enrollment. A total of 2,037 patients were randomized to undergo revascularization guided by iFR or FFR.RESULTS: No patients were lost to follow-up. At 5 years, the rate of the primary composite endpoint was 21.5% in the iFR group and 19.9% in the FFR group (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.90-1.33). The rates of all-cause death (9.4% vs 7.9%; HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.89-1.62), nonfatal myocardial infarction (5.7% vs 5.8%; HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.70-1.44), and unplanned revascularization (11.6% vs 11.3%; HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.79-1.32) were also not different between the 2 groups. The outcomes were consistent across prespecified subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with chronic or acute coronary syndromes, an iFR-guided revascularization strategy was associated with no difference in the 5-year composite outcome of death, myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization compared with an FFR-guided revascularization strategy. (Evaluation of iFR vs FFR in Stable Angina or Acute Coronary Syndrome [iFR SWEDEHEART]; NCT02166736)
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| 17. |
- Hassellöv, Ida-Maja, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Miljörisker sjunkna vrak
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arbetet med en nationell strategi för hantering av miljöfarliga vrak påbörjades 2007 med Statskontorets utredning Vrak och ägarlösa båtar, men ingen enskild myndighet har tilldelats övergripande ansvar för vrakfrågan. Utöver ansvarsfrågan har också förväntade höga kostnader för inspektion och sanering av vrak fördröjt det fortsatta arbetet. Ett steg närmare en nationell strategi redovisas här genom regeringsuppdraget Miljörisker sjunkna vrak. Genom samordning och ökat informationsutbyte mellan berörda myndigheter finns stor potential att minska de förväntade kostnaderna för inspektion av vrak och omgivande miljö. Om den föreslagna strategin antas, beräknas informationsläget avseende vraken att snabbt förbättras så att det år 2030 inte längre finns några potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak i svenska vatten.Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (HaV) och Naturvårdsverket har idag delat ansvar för övervakning och åtgärdande av miljögifter i marin miljö. Mot denna bakgrund hade det varit naturligt att låta HaV få ett övergripande ansvar för hantering av miljöfarliga vrak. Genom flexibelt upplägg avseende tidsramar bedöms övervakning och inspektion av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak kunna utföras genom att HaV ger de berörda myndigheterna uppdrag; kartering och sjömätning (Sjöfartsverket), ROV och dykinspektion (Kustbevakningen och/eller Försvarsmakten), sediment- och bottenförhållanden (Statens geologiska undersökning). En förutsättning är dock väl fungerande samverkan och kommunikation mellan berörda myndigheter. Existerande plattformar för detta finns redan på såväl operativ nivå i form av Projekt ”Sjöstjärnan” - samordning och samverkan mellan myndigheter avseende information och inhämtning av djup- och bottendata; respektive högsta ledningsnivå i form av Samordningsgruppen för havs- och vattenmiljöfrågor (SamHav).Enligt Sjöfartsverkets tidigare inventering (Miljörisker från fartygsvrak, 2011) finns det utmed Sveriges kust knappt tre tusen vrak som inte kan avskrivas utan vidare informationsinhämtning. Drygt trehundra av dessa klassades som potentiellt miljöfarliga. Av dessa har 31 listats som de sannolikt mest miljöfarliga vraken. Listan över de 31 vraken har därför varit utgångspunkt för projektet Miljörisker sjunkna vrak, vars syfte var att ta fram en metod för prioritering och inspektion av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak.Undervattensinspektion av vrak är kostsamt och kostnaden ökar kraftigt om vrakets läge är otillgängligt. Av de 31 vraken valdes därför nio relativt lättillgängliga vrak ut för noggrannare arkivstudier, samt sjömätning. Utifrån informationen från arkivstudierna och sjömätningen gjordes ett ytterligare urval om fyra vrak (Altnes, Skytteren, Thetis och Villon), vilka även inspekterades med ROV och/eller dykare. Huvudsyftet var att, inför och under arbetet med inspektionerna, utarbeta Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) som framgent kan användas som stöd inför kommande operationer rörande potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak.Under arbetet med inspektionerna observerades inte några pågående läckage av olja från vraken. Trots denna positiva information är det viktigt att komma ihåg att endast bevis på tomma tankar kan fullt ut avskriva vraken från listan över potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak. Även om det under projektets fältarbete inte observerades läckage av olja, finns dokumenterade läckage sedan tidigare (senast 2008-04-26) för Skytteren. Noterbart är också att Kustbevakningen 2014-06-29, fick rycka ut för att omhänderta olja som börjat läcka efter vraket Immen, norr om Gotska Sandön. Immen var inte med bland fallstudieobjekten i projektet.I tillägg till undervattensinspektion placerades strömmätningsutrustning ut vid vraken Skytteren och Villon. Strömdata kan sedan användas för att modellera ett hypotetiskt spill av olja från ett vrak och ge en indikation på var läckage av olja kan tänkas påverka den marina miljön negativt. Exempel på sådana negativa effekter kan vara försämrad förmåga hos sedimentlevande organismer att omsätta näringsämnen, vilket i sin tur kan påverka hela det marina ekosystemet. Strömdata är också ett viktigt underlag för utformning av övervakningsprogram, exempelvis med passiva provtagare för att detektera läckage av miljöfarlig substans från vrak.Samtlig insamlad data kommer att användas för att validera riskbedömningsverktyget VRAKA, som möjliggör resurseffektiv prioritering av vilka vrak som bör undersökas och/eller saneras. VRAKA, SOPs för inspektion, samt tillgång till specifik kompetens för utvärdering av samtliga resultat är nyckelelement för att kunna presentera en tillförlitlig riskbedömning av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten skulle kunna vara lämplig myndighet med huvudansvar för miljöfarliga vrak, i operativ samverkan med övriga berörda myndigheter.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Hassellöv, Ida-Maja, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Miljörisker sjunkna vrak II. Undersökningsmetoder och miljöaspekter
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During 2015 the Swedish Maritime Administration continued the second phase of thegovernmental task Environmental risks from sunken wrecks which first report was finalized2014-10-31 (Dnr: 1399-14-01942-6).The main conclusions from the 2014 report remain; for future handling of potentially pollutingshipwrecks it is recommended that the Swedish Agency for Water and Marine Management isgiven a coordinating responsibility in close cooperation with other competent nationalauthorities, such as Swedish Maritime Administration, Swedish Coastguard, Swedish NationalMaritime Museums, the Geological Survey of Sweden, SMHI, Swedish EPA, and SwedishCivil Contingencies Agency. Through coordination of wreck related operations and activitieswithin the concerned competent authorities’ ordinary areas of responsibility, resourceefficiency is improved. The estimated extra cost for implementation of a national strategy forhandling of the wrecks are estimated to be 10-15 MSEK which should be allocated to thecompetent authorities by the Swedish Agency for Water and Marine Management.The conclusions from 2014 was reinforced during 2015, e.g. through the validation of the riskassessment model VRAKA, which is now available in a first operative version. Additionalecotoxicological experiments on the development of tolerance against PAHs in meiofauna andmicroorganism communities were conducted in a field study in Brofjorden. The mainconclusions from this work is that comprehensive analyzes of PAHs should include alkylatedPAHs, and that exposure to PAHs over time can lead to tolerance development in ammoniumoxidizing bacteria, at the expense of their ability to perform the essential ecosystem servicenitrification.Continued measurements of the bottom currents were made at the wrecks Villon and Skytteren,and at the dumping area west of Måseskär. Measurement series yielded important informationon how measuring equipment at the wreck can be deployed in an optimized way in futuremonitoring program; to calculate the possible spreading of pollution from a wreck, currentmeasurements should be performed upstream from the wreck site, while sensors for thedetection of, for example, oil should be put into the turbulence downstream of the wreck.The current measurement instruments (RDCP) deployed at the Måseskär dump site was trawledup after only three weeks of measurements, but still gave valuable information on the extensivebottom trawling that resuspend (stir up) sediments. Earlier geochemical surveys have shownsignificantly elevated arsenic concentrations in the area and sediment resuspension greatlyincreased the risk for spread of any contaminants in the area. Trawling is not prohibited in thearea, and the current lack of knowledge regarding potential effects on human health whenconsuming seafood from dump areas calls for reflection upon the suitability of trawling in thearea.In addition to the current measurements Swedish Maritime Administration and the SwedishNavy conducted hydrographic survey with multibeam and side scan sonar and ROVinvestigation of the wrecks in the dumping area at Måseskär. 28 wrecks were found, and ROVinvestigation showed cargo holds with dumped torpedoes or mines and other containers in some SjöfartsverketDnr: 1399-14-01942-156of the wrecks. There is some discrepancy between the previously measured elevated arsenicconcentrations in the Måseskär area and recently presented data from historical archives thatdoes not support the theory that chemical weapons were dumped in the area. However, there isa very good correlation between the dominant current direction in the area, and the highestmeasured arsenic concentrations in the area downstream of the wrecks, suggesting some formof arsenic source in the area.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Jahnke, Isa, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding, reflecting and designing learning spaces of tomorrow
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of IADIS Mobile Learning 2012. - : IADIS Press. - 9789728939663 ; , s. 147-156
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This conceptual paper describes challenges in the field of Interactive Media and Learning (IML), striving towards a research and teaching field for mobile learning. The theoretical background is provided and arguments are listed, specifically what challenges researchers, practitioners (e.g., teachers, employers, employees) and designers face today on the way to mobile learning. This will be done from an educational perspective, in particular from Educational Technology from a Scandinavian community. The leading issue is how to educate the Homo Interneticus? Is learning supported by mobile devices one option? Is there a need to rethink the learning spaces of today? The paper provides answers by illustrating challenges in research and teaching with regard to mobile learning.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Jönsson, Fredrik, 1973-
(författare)
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Olfactory Metacognition : A Metamemory Perspective on Odor Naming
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although many aspects of odor naming have received attention during the years, the participants' own cognitions (metamemory) about their naming attempts have not. (i) We showed that feeling of knowing (FOK) judgments accompanying odor naming failures are predictive of later recognition (Study I) or retrieval (Study III) of the missing name, but to a lesser degree than equivalent judgments about names of persons. “Tip of the nose” (TON) experiences do predict later odor name recall (Study I), but are otherwise poorly related to any partial activation of other information associated with the odor. (ii) We evaluated two theories proposed to explain the underlying basis of FOK judgments. Correlational analysis showed that FOK judgments about odor names are related to the perceived familiarity of the cue triggering the FOK (cue familiarity theory; Study III). FOK judgments are based on the amount of available information about the sought-for memory (accessibility theory; Study I and III). (iii) We demonstrated that the participants are overconfident in their odor naming attempts (Study I and II). This may to some degree be due to the arousing properties of the odors (Study II), suggesting that emotional variables should be taken into account when researching metamemory. (iv) Our inability to correctly name odors are typically not due to an uniquely poor association between odors and their proper names, but rather due to failures to identify the odors (Study III), that is, failures to retrieve “what it is”. It was also found that TOT experiences are unusual for odor names and more so than for person names. (v) We discuss potential differences between olfactory metamemory and metamemory for other modalities. The TON experience differs from the tip of the tongue (TOT) experience and the predictive validity is lower for metamemory judgments about odor names compared to other modalities.
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| 24. |
- Karlgren, Jussi, et al.
(författare)
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Profiling Reputation of Corporate Entities in Semantic Space : Notebook for RepLab at CLEF 2012
- 2012
-
Ingår i: CLEF 2012 Evaluation Labs and Workshop Online Working Notes.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gavagai used its first-generation baseline system for the profiling taskfor evaluation campaign for online reputation management systems of CLEF2012. The system builds on large scale analysis of streaming text and performedexcellently on this task with standard settings.
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| 25. |
- Karlgren, Jussi, et al.
(författare)
-
Usefulness of Sentiment Analysis
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ECIR 2012, 34th European Conference on Information Retrieval. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; , s. 426-435
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- What can text sentiment analysis technology be used for,and does a more usage-informed view on sentiment analysis pose newrequirements on technology development?
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| 26. |
- Larsson, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
-
A Simple Method for Subspace Estimation with Corrupted Columns
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. - 1550-5499. - 9781467383905 ; 2016-February, s. 841-849
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a simple and effective way of solving the robust subspace estimation problem where the corruptions are column-wise. The method we present can handle a large class of robust loss functions and is simple to implement. It is based on Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (IRLS) and works in an iterative manner by solving a weighted least-squares rank-constrained problem in every iteration. By considering the special case of column-wise loss functions, we show that each such surrogate problem admits a closed form solution. Unlike many other approaches to subspace estimation, we make no relaxation of the low-rank constraint and our method is guaranteed to produce a subspace estimate with the correct dimension. Subspace estimation is a core problem for several applications in computer vision. We empirically demonstrate the performance of our method and compare it to several other techniques for subspace estimation. Experimental results are given for both synthetic and real image data including the following applications: linear shape basis estimation, plane fitting and non-rigid structure from motion.
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| 27. |
- Ljungquist, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
-
Convalescent plasma treatment in severely immunosuppressed patients hospitalized with COVID-19 : an observational study of 28 cases
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Infectious Diseases. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243 .- 1651-1980. ; 54:4, s. 283-291
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Immunosuppressed patients are particularly vulnerable to severe infection from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), risking prolonged viremia and symptom duration. In this study we describe clinical and virological treatment outcomes in a heterogeneous group of patients with severe immunosuppression due to various causes suffering from COVID-19 infection, who were all treated with convalescent plasma (CCP) along with standard treatment.Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective case series between May 2020 to March 2021 at three sites in Skåne, Sweden, with a population of nearly 1.4 million people. All patients hospitalized for COVID-19 who received CCP with the indication severe immunosuppression as defined by the treating physician were included in the study (n = 28).Results: In total, 28 severely immunocompromised patients, half of which previously had been treated with rituximab, who had received in-hospital convalescent plasma treatment of COVID-19 were identified. One week after CCP treatment, 13 of 28 (46%) patients had improved clinically defined as a decrease of at least one point at the WHO-scale. Three patients had increased score points of whom two had died. For 12 patients, the WHO-scale was unchanged.Conclusion: As one of only few studies on CCP treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients with severe immunosuppression, this study adds descriptive data. The study design prohibits conclusions on safety and efficacy, and the results should be interpreted with caution. Prospective, randomized trials are needed to investigate this further.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Nilsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Toward sustainable goods flows: A framework from a packaging perspective
- 2011
-
Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. ; , s. 925-942
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper The purpose of this paper is to explore the role and potential of packaging in order to obtain more sustainable goods flows. Design/methodology/approach An explorative research approach based on case survey methodology in which description, exploration and analysis of 34 reported cases are made. The empirical focus is goods flows in fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) supply chains. Findings The insights presented highlights and provides guidance on the pros and cons packaging provides for sustainable goods flows in the FMCG industry. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) Based on knowledge and insights about the flows of goods and tomorrows requirements on sustainable societies, this paper reports on insights for making the goods flows in the FMCG industry sustainable based on a packaging perspective. The research has focused on FMCG goods flows, starting with the inbound flow of packaging at the product filler and ending at the retail outlet. Practical implications (if applicable) The insights can guide organisations to consider and reflect on how and when packaging enables or hinder sustainability aspects of goods flows. Extra effort should be on designing packaging system solutions that mitigate the negative effects of non-consumed products. What is original/value of paper While several studies have reported on the sustainability impact of logistics, transportation or supply chain structures, the perspective of packaging is rarely treated, neither in theory nor in practise. With a packaging perspective, the assessment of goods flows in supply chains is integrative, since packaging is naturally built on the intersection of logistics, marketing, sales, ergonomics and environmental considerations.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Olsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
-
Bra förpackning skyddar och säljer i hållbart system
- 2010
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Ingår i: Miljöforskning : Formas tidning för ett uthålligt samhälle. - 1650-4925. ; , s. 14-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Förpackningar ses ofta som en belastning för miljön och något ont som ska minimeras. Ny forskning visar att det tvärtom finns tillfällen då det är motiverat att öka mängden förpackningsmaterial, exempelvis när man kan minska spillet. Tvärvetenskapligt framtagna sätt att förpacka varor kan bidra till en hållbar utveckling och öka marginalerna för handeln. Nyckeln till effektiva varuflöden är välfyllda lastytrymmen och välanpassade förpackningssystem.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Olsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Technical Requirements For Knowledge Representation For Attitude Mining On A Realistic Scale
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Workshop on Reputation Management in Social Media at LREC’12.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be useful, a reputation mining system must cover a broad range of weakly, vaguely, and implicitly expressed human sentiments andcannot in the absence of prior knowledge rely on sampling the data stream of human-generated text. To achieve coverage, a reputationmining system must be sensitive to variation and change in the signal. These requirements pose a challenge which are an instance ofmore general semantic processing – this paper presents some design requirements used to design and implement a semantic layer for aprocessing stack for human-generated information.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Sahlgren, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
It’s Basically the Same Language Anyway : the Case for a Nordic Language Model
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics (NoDaLiDa). ; , s. 367-372
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When is it beneficial for a research community to organize a broader collaborative effort on a topic, and when should we instead promote individual efforts? In this opinion piece, we argue that we are at a stage in the development of large-scale language models where a collaborative effort is desirable, despite the fact that the preconditions for making individual contributions have never been better. We consider a number of arguments for collaboratively developing a large-scale Nordic language model, include environmental considerations, cost, data availability, language typology, cultural similarity, and transparency. Our primary goal is to raise awareness and foster a discussion about our potential impact and responsibility as NLP community.
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| 36. |
- Sahlgren, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
The Gavagai Living Lexicon
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 10th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, 23-28 May 2016, Portorož (Slovenia). - : ELRA.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the Gavagai Living Lexicon, which is an online distributional semantic model currently available in 14 different languages. We describe the underlying distributional semantic model, and how we have solved some of the challenges in applying such a model to large amounts of streaming data. We also describe the architecture of our implementation, and discuss how we deal with continuous quality assurance of the lexicon.
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| 37. |
- Sanchez Heres, Luis Felipe, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
COLREG 3 - Exploring the potential of Large Language Models in marine navigation systems
- 2024
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This pre-study explores the potential use of Large Language Models (LLM), like ChatGPT and GPT-4, in decision-support systems for maritime navigation. The aim is to determine if these models could be part of decision support systems for identifying and resolving complex traffic situations, as doing so, would enhance maritime safety and efficiency, as well as reduce the environmental impact of shipping. The study benefits from previous research carried out in the COLREG2 project, COLREG 2 - Potential consequences of varying algorithms in traffic situations, which examined the limitations of algorithms meant to support the resolution of complex traffic situations. COLREG2 concluded that the evaluated algorithms had severe limitations and stated scepticism regarding the development of suitable algorithms in the near future. Shortly after the end of the COLREG2 project, large language models demonstrated their uncanny ability to understand, and to some extent, reason about complex texts and tasks. These abilities seemingly address the shortfalls of the algorithms evaluated in the COLREG2 project, making the use of large language models in decision support systems for marine traffic situations thought-provoking.
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| 38. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
-
A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 39. |
- Ulén, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
-
Simultaneous Fusion Moves for 3D-label Stereo
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 8081 (Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783642403941 - 9783642403958 ; 8081, s. 80-93
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Second derivative regularization methods for dense stereo matching is a topic of intense research. Some of the most successful recent methods employ so called binary fusion moves where the combination of two proposal solutions is computed. In many cases the fusion move can be solved optimally, but the approach is limited to fusing pairs of proposals in each move. For multiple proposals iterative binary fusion may potentially lead to local minima. In this paper we demonstrate how to simultaneously fuse more than two proposals at the same time for a 2nd order stereo regularizer. The optimization is made possible by effectively computing a generalized distance transform. This allows for computation of messages in linear time in the number of proposals. In addition the approach provides a lower bound on the globally optimal solution of the multi-fusion problem. We verify experimentally that the lower bound is very close to the computed solution, thus providing a near optimal solution.
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| 40. |
- Wahlström, Viktoria, et al.
(författare)
-
Underlying Factors Explaining Physical Behaviors among Office Workers-An Exploratory Analysis
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies using technical measurements of physical behavior show wide interindividual variations. This study aimed to explore underlying factors related to sitting, standing and walking among office workers. Cross-sectional data for background characteristics, work-related variables, and device-based measures for sitting, standing and walking were collected among office workers in either a cell office or a flex office with activity-based work. Data were analyzed by Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) and multiple robust linear regression. The FAMD resulted in the combination of underlying factors describing six character types. The (1) harmonic and healthy, (2) disabled with poor health, (3) manager that spend a lot of time in meetings and has very high workload, (4) engaged with high workload, (5) employee with creative and computer intense work, with high workload and, (6) employee with high BMI with creative and collaborative work. Regression analysis showed that the character type that was "engaged with high workload" sat more and stood less, while the character type with "high BMI and with creative and collaborative work" sat less. The results suggest that physical behavior among office workers is influenced by a complex combination of factors, which should be taken into account in the evaluation of future studies of larger cohorts.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Weber, Reto, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Using a web-based simulation software in education
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) Conference. - 2706-6762. ; , s. 150-157
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manoeuvring ships in confined waters is a complex issue and requires extensive education, training and practical experience. Using Seaman Online™, the instructor builds and publishes specific exercises which the students can access by logging in to their account from any computer connected to the internet at any time. After having completed an exercise, students can replay the simulation on an evaluation page where all important manoeuvring data are presented in a graphical and numerical format. There are several areas in ship handling where Seaman Online™ may not only support the student in their training and understanding of the complexity of ship behaviour in various manoeuvring conditions but also their analytical skills. These areas may be categorized into applied hydrodynamics, ship handling using tugs and repetitive training in berthing/un-berthing manoeuvres. On a general level, Seaman Online™ was perceived by the students as a useful complement to the desktop and bridge simulators.
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| 43. |
- Yngve, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Triazolopyrimidinones as gamma-secretase modulators : structure-activity relationship, modulator profile, and in vivo profiling
- 2013
-
Ingår i: MedChemComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-2503 .- 2040-2511. ; 4:2, s. 422-431
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure-activity relationship for a series of potent g-secretase modulators based on the 6,7-dihydro4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-one scaffold is described. Furthermore, we report details regarding the modulator profile on A beta processing, as well as in vivo efficacy, for the optimized compounds.
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| 44. |
- Abel, Edvard, 1970, et al.
(författare)
-
Fatigue in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Treated With Radiation Therapy: A Prospective Study of Patient-Reported Outcomes and Their Association With Radiation Dose to the Cerebellum
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advances in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-1094. ; 7:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Although fatigue is a known side effect in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiation therapy, knowledge regarding long-term fatigue and dose-response relationships to organs at risk is scarce. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze patient-reported fatigue in patients with HNC receiving radiation therapy and to explore any possible association with organ-at-risk doses. Methods and Materials: Patients with HNC referred for curative radiation therapy were eligible for inclusion in the study. To assess patient-reported fatigue, quality of life questionnaires (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 and QLQ-FA12) were distributed before treatment and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 60 months after the start of treatment. Mean dose (Dmean) and near maximum dose (D2%) of the cerebellum and brain stem were evaluated in relation to baseline-adjusted fatigue scores at 3 months. Results: One hundred twenty-six patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy between 2008 and 2010 were available for final analysis. Female sex and age <60 years were associated with higher fatigue at baseline, whereas patients also treated with chemotherapy had reduced physical and emotional fatigue at 6 months. Physical fatigue (QLQ-FA12 scale) increased from baseline up to 3 months (29 vs 59; P < .0001) but showed no difference compared with baseline from 1 to 5 years. Emotional fatigue was significantly lower at 5 years compared with baseline (14 vs 28; P < .0001). Patients with cerebellum Dmean > 3.5 Gy had higher mean physical fatigue scores at 3 months (38 vs 27; P = .036). Conclusions: Although there is a significant increase in fatigue scores for patients with HNC up to 1 year after radiation therapy, this study showed a return to baseline levels at 5 years. A possible association was found between physical fatigue and a higher mean dose to the cerebellum.
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| 45. |
- Abou-Hachem, Maher, et al.
(författare)
-
Probing stability of the modular thermostable xylanase Xyn10A
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Extremophiles. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-4909 .- 1431-0651. ; 7:6, s. 483-491
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus produces a modular xylanase (Xyn10A) consisting of two N-terminal carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), followed by a domain of unknown function, and a catalytic module flanked by a fifth domain. Both Xyn10A CBMs bind calcium ions, and this study explores the effect of these ions on the stability of the full-length enzyme. Xyn10A and truncated forms thereof were produced and their thermostabilities were evaluated under different calcium loads. Studies performed using differential scanning calorimetry showed that the unfolding temperature of the Xyn10A was significantly dependent on the presence of Ca2+, and that the third domain of the enzyme binds at least one Ca2+. Thermal inactivation studies confirmed the role of tightly bound Ca2+ in stabilizing the enzyme, but showed that the presence of a large excess of this ion results in reduced kinetic stability. The truncated forms of Xyn10A were less stable than the full-length enzyme, indicative of module/domain thermostabilizing interactions. Finally, possible roles of the two domains of unknown function are discussed in the light of this study. This is the first report on the thermostabilizing role of calcium on a modular family 10 xylanase that displays multiple calcium binding in three of its five domains/modules.
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| 46. |
- Abou-Hachem, Maher, et al.
(författare)
-
The modular organisation and stability of a thermostable family 10 xylanase
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Biocatalysis and Biotransformation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1024-2422 .- 1029-2446. ; 21:5-6, s. 253-260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The thermophilic marine bacterium Rhodothermus marinus produces a modular family 10 xylanase (Xyn10A). It consists of two N-terminal family 4 carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) followed by a domain of unknown function (D3), and a catalytic module (CM) flanked by a small fifth domain (D5) at its C-terminus. Several truncated mutants of the enzyme have been produced and characterised with respect to biochemical properties and stability. Multiple calcium binding sites are shown to be present in the two N-terminal CBMs and recent evidence suggests that the third domain of the enzyme also has the ability to bind the same metal ligand. The specific binding of Ca2+ was demonstrated to have a pronounced effect on thermostability as shown by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal inactivation studies. Furthermore, deletion mutants of the enzyme were less stable than the full-length enzyme suggesting that module interactions contributed to the stability of the enzyme. Finally, recent evidence indicates that the fifth domain of Xyn10A is a novel type of module mediating cell-attachment.
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| 47. |
- Adeboye, Peter, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
In situ conversion of phenolic compounds as a tool to phenolic tolerance development by S. cerevisiae
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Phenolic compounds in hydrolysates are degradation products from the lignin component of wood. They are diverse in nature and they account for some of the inhibitory activities observed during lignocellulosic fermentation. S. cerevisiae possesses the ability to convert some phenolic compounds. We are currently studying the interaction between S. cerevisiae and selected phenolic compounds namely; coniferyl aldehyde, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid to understand the ability of S. cerevisiae to convert the selected compounds. Preliminary results show that the three phenolic compounds are being converted into several other less inhibitory phenolic compounds common to the three compounds. We hypothesised a conversion route and engineered S. cerevisiae strains to test the hypothesis, the preliminary result shows faster conversion in an engineered strain.
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| 48. |
- Adeyinka, Adewale, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative cytogenetic and DNA flow cytometric analysis of 242 primary breast carcinomas
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics. - 0165-4608. ; 147:1, s. 62-67
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cytogenetic and DNA flow cytometric findings in 242 breast carcinomas were compared. The combined use of both techniques improved the detection of abnormal cell populations from 65% by cytogenetic analysis alone and 59% by DNA flow cytometric analysis alone to 84%. Informative and comparable cytogenetic and flow cytometric data were obtained for 155 tumors. Among these 155 tumors, there was good concordance (64%) between the estimates of genomic changes by the two methods. Most discrepancies were among the DNA-diploid cases, where cytogenetic analysis detected small genomic changes. There were, however, also some exceptions in which large genomic changes detected by one method were missed by the other. Of the specific breast cancer-associated cytogenetic aberrations subjected to separate correlation analysis, polysomy for chromosome 20 was significantly associated with a high S-phase fraction, whereas loss of the long arm of chromosome 16 and/or the presence of a der(1;16) were significantly associated with a low S-phase fraction. Our data show that cytogenetic and DNA flow cytometric analyses of breast carcinomas give largely comparable results, and that combining data from both methods significantly improves the information obtained by either technique used alone on the genetic abnormalities in these tumors.
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| 49. |
- Adwall, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibiotikaprofylax vid bröstkirurgi? Ja, men inte till alla. Kvalitetsdata fran Uppsala läns landsting ger förslag till riktlinjer
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Läkartidningen förlag. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 110:5, s. 213-215
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I randomiserade studier har det visats att antibiotikaprofylax minskar infektionsfrekvensen med cirka 30–40 procent vid bröstcancerkirurgi.Statens beredning för medicinsk utvärdering rekommenderar därför sedan 2010 antibiotikaprofylax vid bröstcancerkirurgi.I Uppsala läns landsting fick totalt cirka 10 procent postoperativ infektion efter bröstkirurgi under 2009 och 2010. Ingreppets omfattning relaterar klart till risken för infektion.Vi diskuterar i denna artikel när det kan vara indicerat att ge eller inte ge antibiotikaprofylax vid bröstcancerkirurgi.
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| 50. |
- Aeinehband, Shahin, et al.
(författare)
-
Cerebrospinal fluid kynurenines in multiple sclerosis : relation to disease course and neurocognitive symptoms
- 2016
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Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - : Elsevier. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 51, s. 47-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, with a high rate of neurocognitive symptoms for which the molecular background is still uncertain. There is accumulating evidence for dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in different psychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions. We here report the first comprehensive analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kynurenine metabolites in MS patients of different disease stages and in relation to neurocognitive symptoms. Levels of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) were determined with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in cell-free CSF. At the group level MS patients (cohort 1; n = 71) did not differ in absolute levels of TRP, KYN, KYNA or QUIN as compared to non-inflammatory neurological disease controls (n = 20). Stratification of patients into different disease courses revealed that both absolute QUIN levels and the QUIN/KYN ratio were increased in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients in relapse. Interestingly, secondary progressive MS (SPMS) displayed a trend for lower TRP and KYNA, while primary progressive (PPMS) patients displayed increased levels of all metabolites, similar to a group of inflammatory neurological disease controls (n = 13). In the second cohort (n = 48), MS patients with active disease and short disease duration were prospectively evaluated for neuropsychiatric symptoms. In a supervised multivariate analysis using orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS-DA) depressed patients displayed higher KYNA/TRP and KYN/TRP ratios, mainly due to low TRP levels. Still, this model had low predictive value and could not completely separate the clinically depressed patients from the non-depressed MS patients. No correlation was evident for other neurocognitive measures. Taken together these results demonstrate that clinical disease activity and differences in disease courses are reflected by changes in KP metabolites. Increased QUIN levels of RRMS patients in relapse and generally decreased levels of TRP in SPMS may relate to neurotoxicity and failure of remyelination, respectively. In contrast, PPMS patients displayed a more divergent pattern more resembling inflammatory conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus. The pattern of KP metabolites in RRMS patients could not predict neurocognitive symptoms.
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