| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andreev, Oleg A., et al.
(författare)
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New Environmentalism in the Russian Northwest
- 1994
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Ingår i: The Changing Circumpolar North: Opportunities for Academic Development. - : University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland. - 9516343694 ; , s. 135–147-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Andreyev, Oleg A., et al.
(författare)
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Privatization of municipal property in Murmansk
- 1995
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Ingår i: Polar Geography. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1088-937X .- 1939-0513. ; 19:2, s. 88-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of a pilot study of privatization of municipal property in the Russian North based on data from the Murmansk city government. After a general overview of the process in Russia and Murmansk city, the paper outlines a number of positive and negative aspects of the privatization of city-owned enterprises on the basis of interviews conducted with the management of the newly privatized enterprises.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Carlsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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The Russian detour : real transition in a virtual economy?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Europe-Asia Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0966-8136 .- 1465-3427. ; 53:6, s. 841-867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Illustrates the creation of a market economy by showing that no easy procedures automatically lead to that goal; the Russian forest sector is used as a model for all Russian industries. The major obstacle for the forest sector is the existing institutional framework consisting of both formal & informal rules. In Russia, the institutional system adversely affects the new & more market-oriented institutions. Indeed, multiple problems undermine the Russian forest industry. Laws are often ignored, property rights are ill defined, the market does not always determine value, & authorities often fail to prosecute violations of laws. Through a comparative study of the Russian & Swedish forest industries the authors reveal that Russian firms lack funding & bank support, they are more burdened by taxes, & trading is marred by contract violations. Further complicating the issue is Russia's overlapping jurisdictions; the forest sector is regulated by three levels of rules. Consequently, the problems must be solved at three different levels
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Ekström, Thommy, et al.
(författare)
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Dense single-phase β-sialon ceramics by glass-encapsulated hot isostatic pressing
- 1989
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Science. - 0022-2461. ; 24:5, s. 1853-1861
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single phase-sialon ceramics, Si6–z Al z O z N8–z , have been prepared from carefully balanced powder mixtures, also taking account of any excess oxygen in the starting materials. Sintering powder compacts in a nitrogen atmosphere (0.1 MPa) at 1800° C or higher transforms the starting mixture into a-sialon solid solution atz-values up to about 4.3, but the sintered material has an open porosity. Addition of 1 wt% Y2O3 to the starting mix improved the sintering behaviour somewhat and the density of the sintered compacts reached 95% of the theoretical value. By glass-encapsulated hot isostatic pressing at 1825° C, however, sintered materials of virtually theoretical density could be obtained, with or without the 1 wt% Y2O3 addition. These latter samples have been studied by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, and their hardness and indentation fracture toughness have been measured. It was found that the maximum extension of the-sialon phase composition at 1825° C and 200 MPa pressure is slightly below 4,z 3.85 and about 4.1 at atmospheric pressure, and that the hexagonal unit cell parameters are linear functions of thez-value. The single-phase-sialon ceramics had no residual glassy grain-boundary phase. The grain shape was equi-axed and the grain size increased from about 1m at lowz-values to 5m at highz-values. At lowz-values the hardness at a 98 N load was 1700 and the fracture toughness 3, whereas an increase inz above 1 caused both the hardness and fracture toughness to decrease significantly. Addition of 1 wt % Y2O3 to the starting mix prior to the HIP-sintering gave rise to a small amount of amorphous intergranular phase, changes in grain size and shape, a clear increase in fracture toughness and a moderate decrease in hardness.
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| 20. |
- Ekström, Thommy, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed α- and β-(Si-Al-O-N) Materials with Yttria and Neodymia Additions
- 1988
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Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 105/106, s. 161-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A number of ceramic materials have been fabricated on a semipilot plant scale at different overall compositions in the (Y, Nd)---Al---O---N system at 177°C. Constant molar amounts of oxide mixtures of Y2O3: Nd2O3 in the ratios 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 or 0:100 have been added. Dense materials were obtained for all compositions except those corresponding to mixed α- and β-(Si---Al---O---N) with higher α-(Si---Al---O---N) contents and high Nd2O3 contents. At the preparation temperature used in this study, the formation of an α-(Nd---Si---Al---O---N) seems prohibited and, thus, with increasing Nd2O3 content the amount of α-(Si---Al---O---N) decreased. The Nd2O3 added mainly formed crystalline intergranular phases such as the N-melilite phase, which increased in amount with increasing Nd2O3 in the starting mix. Hardness and indentation fracture toughness measurements were made and are discussed in relation to the phase composition and the microstructure. Some of the high Nd2O3 content Si---Al---O---N materials have as high fracture toughness values as the pure Y2O3 Si---Al---O---N materials do.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Olsson, Anders, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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A 52-week, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy study to assess the efficacy of atorvastatin and simvastatin in reaching low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride targets: The treat-to-target (3T) study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Therapeutics. - 0149-2918 .- 1879-114X. ; 25:1, s. 119-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Guidelines for the prevention of coronary heart disease call for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction as the primary target of treatment and reduction of triglycerides (TG) as an additional target. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of atorvastatin and simvastatin to reduce LDL-C and TG concentrations and to meet 3 target lipid levels: LDL-C less than or equal to2.6 mmol/L; TG less than or equal to1.5 mmol/L; and both LDL-C less than or equal to2.6 mmol/L and TG less than or equal to1.5 mmol/L. Methods: The Treat-to-Target (3T) Study was a 52-week, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group study. Using the double-blind, double-dummy technique, adult patients aged 35 to 75 years with cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia, defined as LDL-C concentration less than or equal to4.0 mmol/L (greater than or equal to155 mg/dL), were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive once-daily oral treatment with 20 mg atorvastatin or 20 mg simvastatin. Fasting (12-hour) blood samples for the estimation of lipid levels and clinical laboratory values were collected after 4, 8, 12, 26, and 52 weeks. The dose was doubled after 12 weeks if the target National Cholesterol Education Program level of LDL-C (less than or equal to2.6 mmol/L [100 mg/dL]) was not reached at 8 weeks. Results: The intent-to-treat analysis included 552 patients (418 men, 134 women) randomized to receive atorvastatin and 535 (404 men, 131 women) randomized to receive simvastatin. The number of patients enrolled in the study allowed the evaluation of the drugs' effects on TG. Patient demographic characteristics were similar for the 2 treatment groups, and there were no differences in baseline lipid values. Compared with simvastatin, atorvastatin produced significantly greater reductions in LDL-C (8 weeks: -46% vs -40%, P < 0.001; 52 weeks: -49% vs -44%, P < 0.001) and in TG (8 weeks: -23% vs -14%, P < 0.001; 52 weeks: -24% vs -16%, P < 0.001). Compared with simvastatin-treated patients, a significantly greater number of atorvastatin-treated patients reached the LDL-C target after 8 weeks (45% vs 24%; P < 0.001). Fewer atorvastatin patients needed to have their dose doubled; nevertheless more atorvastatin patients reached the LDL-C target after 52 weeks (61% vs 41%; P < 0.001). Both statins were well tolerated. Muscular symptoms occurred in 12 patients (2.2%) in the atorvastatin group and in 13 patients (2.4%) in the simvastatin group. Conclusions: Atorvastatin 20 or 40 mg/d for up to 1 year of treatment was significantly more effective than simvastatin 20 or 40 mg/d in reducing LDL-C and TG levels and at achieving recommended lipid targets in this selected patient population with cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. Both statins were well tolerated.
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| 26. |
- Olsson, Ella, et al.
(författare)
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Graph-Based Knowledge Representation and Algorithms for Air and Maintenance Operations
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICAS Proceedings 33rd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. - : International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences. - 9781713871163
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents an approach for information exchange between adjacent air operations domains by means of graph technologies. The approach has the ability to leverage interoperability and collaboration between air- and ground-based systems and stakeholders in respective domains. In its foundation, it provides a means for relevant actors to access and assess relevant data, information and knowledge, and thus provide input in terms of viable action alternatives in a complex and dynamic operational context. As a proof-of-concept, we have utilizeda full-stack application framework to implement a decision support demonstrator for operational aircraft maintenance. Our solution facilitates a lightweight and dynamic representation of relevant domain knowledge,readily available for exploitation by graph algorithms, adapted to our domain. We have based our implementation on the full-stack application framework Grand-Stack, which is an architecture designed to exploit the power of graphs throughout its stack.
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| 27. |
- Olsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Antibiotic susceptibility in prostate-derived Propionibacterium acnes isolates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS). - HOBOKEN, NJ USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 120:10, s. 778-785
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from prostate. Prostate-derived P. acnes isolates (n = 24, Umeå & Örebro, Sweden, 2007-2010) and a panel of control strains (n = 25, Sweden) collected from skin and deep infections were assessed for resistance to penicillin G, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, gentamicin, azithromycin, erythromycin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, tigecycline, fusidic acid, clindamycin, rifampicin, linezolid, daptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and metronidazole. In addition, the isolates were tested for inducible clindamycin resistance. All prostate derived P. acnes isolates displayed wild-type distribution of MIC-values, without evidence of acquired resistance. In the reference panel, 5 of 25 isolates had acquired macrolide resistance with cross-resistance to azithromycin, clindamycin, and erythromycin. In addition, one of these isolates was resistant to tetracycline.
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| 28. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Assessing the Structural Prerequisites for an Efficient Russian Political Market
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Applying the market metaphor the first part of the article outlines a conceptual model for assessing the efficiency of the Russian political system. In the Russian transitional context the development of democracy also has to be included in such an assessment. Using Robert Dahl’s classic criteria of democracy and Douglass C. North’s factors determining transaction costs a scheme is suggested for assessing the efficiency of the Russian political market, looking at the structure of this market as well as actors’ behaviour (agency). In the second part of the article, essential structural developments of the Russian political market are analysed and the implications of these developments are discussed. The conclusion is that a number of recent reforms affecting the structure of the Russian political market will improve the prerequisites for efficiency of citizens’ participation in political life. Finally, the usefulness of applying the market metaphor in analyses of the political system is discussed.
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| 29. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Barriers to change? : understanding the institutional hurdles in the Russian forest sector
- 2004
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ongoing transformation of the Russian society largely consists in changes in the institutional framework constraining actors' behavior in the emerging market economy. While we have a substantial knowledge about the functioning of a market economy we know very little about how to create such a system. The transition in Eastern Europe offers an opportunity to acquire new knowledge about the prerequisites for the establishment of a market economy. This thesis is based upon research performed in a project called "Institutions and the Emergence of Markets - Transition in the Russian Forest Sector" conducted between 1997 and 2001 at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria. The purpose of the study was to identify institutional hurdles for the reformation of the Russian forest sector. The task was approached through a series of case studies of the institutional problems hampering developments in the forest sector of eight Russian regions. Data describing the behavior of forest enterprises was obtained through an interview survey among enterprise leaders in each one of the eight regions. The so-called Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework provided a common design for the eight case study reports comprising the first phase of the project. One such case study report is included in this thesis - the one dealing with institutional problems in the forest sector of the Arkhangelsk Oblast. Based on the previous eight case studies an integrating analysis was made with the purpose of identifying more general characteristics of the institutional framework embedding the Russian forest sector. The results of the analysis were reported in a journal article published in 2001. This article is also included in the thesis. In a third and final phase of the project, the results of the previous studies were disseminated through a series of policy exercises to forest stakeholders in four of the eight case study regions, the purpose being to see if a participatory policy formulation process could be established among regional forest stakeholders. The third paper included in this thesis reports on the results of the policy exercises conducted in the regions of Murmansk, Karelia, and Arkhangelsk in the autumn of 2000 and the spring of 2001. As this thesis illustrates, transforming the old Soviet command economy into a modern market system is a formidably complex task. The reforms taken early during the transition (e.g., privatization and price liberalization) triggered a series of spontaneous changes in the economy actually threatening to bankrupt many Russian enterprises and ultimately to upset the entire social order. However, the development also triggered its own response in that it made many market non-viable enterprises enter the so- called virtual economy. Here enterprises exchanged goods and services through barter trade thus avoiding true market competition. In fact, many of the rules-in-use (institutions) constraining the behavior of actors in the virtual economy originated in the old Soviet command system. A major problem with the virtual economy is that it maintains the sub-optimal resource allocation typical of the command economy. The findings reported in this thesis empirically corroborate central hypotheses generated by the theory of the virtual economy. Some ideas are also explored about ways to disentangle the institutional deadlock preventing a large part of the forest enterprises from restructuring to become viable in the emerging Russian market economy. The study arrived at the very general conclusion that there are no easy top- down procedures that automatically will lead to an efficiently functioning Russian market economy. The results contest the claims made by the "shock therapy" school of (mainly western) reform advisors to the Russian government. While certain basic reform measures could not be introduced gradually, there was no ground for expecting rapid automatic and profound positive changes in the institutional framework constraining actors' behavior in the Russian economy. On the contrary, the institutional deadlock characterizing the Russian economy will take a long time (and quite innovative thinking) to disentangle. The problem consists in envisaging a way to introduce institutional changes with the multiple purpose of improving the efficiency of the economy (raising people's standard of living) while at the same time improving the workings of democracy and doing so in a society where the existing institutional framework does not work properly. The study led to a number of specific conclusions relating to the possibilities of reforming the Russian forest sector, making the institutional framework constraining actors' behavior more conducive to economic efficiency. It was found that there is a need for changes throughout the entire institutional hierarchy, ranging from constitutional rules, through collective choice rules, to operational rules. Separation of duties and obligations between the political and economic spheres of society should be an underlying principle in all these changes. It was also suggested that policies for improving the institutional framework governing the Russian regional forest sector should be elaborated in a dialogue with the stakeholders who are directly affected by malfunctioning of the sector. The study showed that the use of policy exercises for elaborating improved forest policies seems feasible although the Russian civil society is (still) not sufficiently developed to allow participatory policy formulation procedures to work effectively.
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| 30. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov, 1948-
(författare)
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Changes in Market Behaviour Among Russian Forest Enterprises
- 2021
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Ingår i: Europe-Asia Studies. - : Routledge. - 0966-8136 .- 1465-3427. ; 73:3, s. 505-532
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article reports on a follow-up of a case study conducted in 1998-1999 investigating the rules governing the behaviour of Russian forest enterprises. The new study, carried out in 2011-2012, used the same survey in interviews with a subset of the enterprises that took part in the original investigation. The objective was to see whether enterprises' behaviour and the rules governing their behaviour had become more market efficient since our original study. The new study showed that, over a ten-year period, the behaviour of the surveyed enterprises became better adapted to rules governing a modern market economy. However, many traits of the virtual economy remained.
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| 31. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Continuity and change : institutions and transition in the Russian forest sector
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis analyses the relation between institutions and the emergence of markets in the context of the Russian transition since the beginning of the 1990s. Introducing democracy and market economic relations in Russia are goals that require profound changes in the institutional framework inherited from the Soviet Union. Institutions are "rules-in-use" governing interactions in the socio-economic system. Institutions tend to change slowly, either spontaneously in response to changes in the environment in which the system is embedded, or as a result of collective decisions by citizens or their representatives. The topics discussed in this thesis can be framed through the following questions: What is the general role of institutions in the ongoing changes in Russian society? Are there institutions that hamper the transition process towards democracy and a market economy? If so, how do they hamper this process? How can such institutions be changed to better serve the needs of the emerging market system? To what extent must new institutions be substituted for old in order to improve the situation? The studies reported in the thesis address these questions from different but related perspectives. Based on analyses of previous research, official statistical data, and a series of case studies of forest enterprises in eight Russian regions it is shown (in article I) that a specific and, in a market economic perspective, utterly peculiar institutional set-up, the virtual economy, came to govern forest enterprises' behaviour in the early phase of the Russian transition. For reasons having to do with the special resource allocation model of the Soviet command economy a large share of the enterprises that Russia inherited after the disintegration of the Soviet Union was miserably unfit to meet market competition. If forced to meet global market competition many (if not most) of them would have been threatened with bankruptcy. Since there was no institutional infrastructure that could mitigate such massive disruptive events and reallocate resources into new profitable production activities, the consequences would likely have been devastating for the whole Russian society. In this situation, to avoid bankruptcy and stay alive, many enterprises "insulated" themselves from market competition by entering the virtual economy and engaging in non-monetary transactions with other enterprises in a similar predicament. While the first article (I) identifies pertinent characteristics of the institutional set-up defining the virtual economy in the context of the Russian regional forest sector, the second article (II) addresses the issue of how to introduce institutional changes through a collectively chosen design process. Policy exercises were used as a tool for conducting this systemic intervention with the purpose of initiating participatory policy formulating processes in four of the previous case study regions. It was found that, in principle, policy exercises could be an efficient vehicle for a participatory elaboration of policy proposals in Russia. However, in the current political context stakeholders' insufficient trust in public procedures and the weakness of civic organisations hampered a successful participatory Russian forest policy formulation. In the third article (III) one of the previous case study regions (Arkhangelsk Oblast) was revisited and a second round of interviews was made with forest enterprises that took part in the previous study (I). The purpose of the study was to see if the behaviour typical of the virtual economy was giving way to a more market efficient behaviour. The analysis indicated that this was indeed the case, a result that was further corroborated by an analysis of statistical data pertaining to the development in all of Russia. The thesis is based on the assumptions that the process of designing and introducing new or modified institutions to govern actors' behaviour, and to do this in a way that ensures the legitimacy of the resulting policy proposals, is greatly facilitated and improved by the existence of functioning democratic procedures. The last article (IV) discusses the functioning of Russian democracy using a conceptual model for assessing the efficiency of the Russian political market. It is argued that such a model must embrace both the structure and agency characteristics of the political market. To illustrate the approach, a survey was made of recent institutional changes affecting the structure of the Russian political market. The analysis indicated that several reforms introduced in the last few years have improved the structural prerequisites for democracy and more efficiently functioning political market behaviour in Russia. The thesis is believed to contribute to our understanding of the role of institutions in building democracy and market economies in transition countries.
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| 32. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov, 1948-
(författare)
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Continuity and change : institutions and transition in the Russian forest sector
- 2008
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For reasons having to do with the Soviet resource allocation model, many Russian forest sector enterprises were miserably unfit to meet the market competition that started to emerge after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. To avoid bankruptcy and stay alive in Russia's transition towards a market-like system many enterprises chose to engage in non-monetary transactions, thus establishing what has become known as Russia's virtual economy. The peculiar institutions ("rules-in-use") guiding actors' behaviour in this odd system are incompatible with the operation of efficient markets.The topics discussed in this book can be framed through the following questions: What is the general role of institutions in the on-going changes in Russian society? Are there institutions that hamper the transition process towards democracy and a market economy? If so, how do they hamper this process? How can such institutions be changed to better serve the needs of the emerging market system? These and similar questions are addressed from several different but related perspectives in a number of studies of actors' behaviour in the Russian timber procurement arena.
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| 33. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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De sovjetiska unionsrepublikernas nationalinkomst : En studie om nationalinkomstens värde som indikator på republikernas ekonomiska utvecklingsnivå
- 1980
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Ingår i: Bidrag till öststatsforskningen. - : Nordiska kommitén för öststatsforskning. - 0345-1100. ; 8:2, s. 1-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna studie om de sovjetiska unionsrepublikernas nationalinkomst har utarbetats inom ramen för projektet "Politiska och sociala förändringar i Sovjetunionen efter 1965 års ekonomiska reform" vid Uppsala Universitets avdelning för öststatsforskning. Målsättningen för arbetet inom projektet har varit att belysa vissa aspekter av den socio-ekonomiska utvecklingen i de sovjetiska unionsrepublikerna. Med utgångspunkt i den statsvetenskapliga teoribildningen om modernisering har bl a undersökts huruvida de senaste decenniernas ekonomiska utveckling i Sovjetunionen medfört ökade eller minskade regionala skillnader samt i vad mån förändringar i graden av republikernas sociala mobilisering inneburit motsvarande förändringar i deras politiska system.
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| 34. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Den offentliga sektorn i samhällsekonomin : En problemorienterande studie av ekonomin i Västerbotten
- 1984
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book was the outcome of a research project analyzing the impact of the public sector on the regional economy. The project was initiated in the spring of 1982 by the regional office of The Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees (TCO). The research was performed at the Department of Regional Economics of Umeå University. Professor Åke E. Andersson supervised the work. A reference group of twelve people was attached to the project. Members of the group represented regional trade unions, business, and the public sector.The report contains four parts. Part I gives an introductory background to the following analysis. Part II contains an investigation of public sector demand from the regional business sector. In Part III some important current issues in public economics are discussed. The final Part IV summarizes the results of the investigation and some conclusions are formulated. The main purpose of the report was to provide an overview of certain important problematic issues in public economics. The primary focus was on a specific aspect of the real activity of the public sector — public sector production.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Is the Russian Virtual Economy Coming to an End? : Institutional Change in the Arkhangelsk Forest Sector
- 2006
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the spring of 1997, the Forestry Program at IIASA has been engaged in a study called “Institutions and the Emergence of Markets―Transition in the Russian Forest Sector”. The IIASA research group has looked at problems related to the institutions governing the Russian forest sector. In its first phase (1998–2001) the study sought to identify institutional problems hampering the further development of the Russian forest sector. Case studies were performed in eight Russian regions. In its second phase (2000–2002), so-called policy exercise workshops were held in four of the eight case study regions. In these workshops the findings of the case studies were presented to the stakeholders in the respective regions and a discussion was initiated about future regional forest policies. In a third phase, starting in 2003, after the in-house research activity was over, the study has been continued outside the institute by a member of the previous IIASA team. A follow-up study of the behavior of forest sector enterprises in one of the previous case study regions (Arkhangelsk Oblast) has been conducted with the purpose of assessing the recent development of the institutional set-up characterizing the so-called virtual economy. The present report presents the findings of this assessment.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Systemic Interventions in Sweden : Some Discernible Patterns
- 2004
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Ingår i: Systems Approaches and Their Application. - Dordrecht : Kluwer International Publishers, Dordrecht. - 1402023693 - 9781402023699 - 9781402023705 ; , s. 313-335
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 44. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov
(författare)
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Systemic Interventions to Promote Institutional Change in the Russian Forest Sector
- 2006
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Ingår i: Review of Policy Research. - : Wiley. - 1541-132X .- 1541-1338. ; 23:2, s. 505-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Institutions govern the behavior of all actors in a society. The Russian transition to a market economy is mainly a matter of reshaping society’s institutions to make them more conducive to a market efficient behavior. But how can suitable institutional changes be achieved? This article discusses the experiences gained through a series of policy exercises with stakeholders in the Russian regional forest sector. The purpose of the exercises was to initiate a participatory policy process leading to the elaboration of implementable proposals for a new regional forest policy. The prospects of such policy exercises to make an impact are best if the systemic interventionist manages to affiliate with active regional stakeholder groups and if support from the regional authorities and external financial sources can be secured. Such support will establish an effective incentive structure that will contribute to the legitimacy of the policy process. In the current Russian situation there is a lack of organized stakeholder groups with whom to conduct a dialogue.
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| 45. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Systems and Systems Theory
- 2004
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Ingår i: Systems Approaches and Their Application. - Dordrecht : Kluwer International Publishers, Dordrecht. - 1402023693 - 9781402023699 - 9781402023705 ; , s. 3-29
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Olsson, Mats-Olov, 1948-
(författare)
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The Russian virtual economy turning real : institutional change in the Arkhangel’sk forest sector
- 2008
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Ingår i: Europe-Asia Studies. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0966-8136 .- 1465-3427. ; 60:5, s. 707-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article reports on an attempt to assess recent developments of the Russian ‘virtual economy’, a system that, some have argued, represents an alternative form of economic interaction to the modern market economy. In the virtual economy enterprises are engaged in informal non-market transactions with other enterprises and the public sector in accordance with rules that are alien to a market economy. Structural and behavioural changes that have taken place in the Russian economy after 1998 are studied with the help of official data and two surveys (from 1998 and 2005) of 15 forest sectorenterprises in Arkhangel’sk Oblast’, a region in Russia’s north-west with a largely forest-based economy. The outcome of the assessment indicates that the virtual economy is contracting in the Arkhangel’sk forest sector as well as in Russia at large, and that it will eventually disappear altogether, even if it is likely to exert a profound influence on the behaviour of Russian enterprises for some time yet.
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| 47. |
- Olsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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The UGT2B17 gene deletion is not associated with prostate cancer risk
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Prostate. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 68:5, s. 571-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Deletion polymorphism of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 (UGT2B17) gene has been associated with an increased prostate cancer risk in two previous independent studies. Here we determine the risk in a large-scale population-based case-control study.METHODS: Genotyping was conducted with a 5'-nuclease activity assay to distinguish those with one or two UGT2B17 gene copies (ins/del and ins/ins) from individuals homozygous for the deletion (del/del) allele.RESULTS: In contrast to previous findings, no association between the UGT2B17 deletion polymorphism and prostate cancer risk was found. Furthermore the UGT2B17 gene deletion did not affect the risk for prostate cancer specific death.CONCLUSION: The UGT2B17 deletion polymorphism does not play a major role in prostate cancer susceptibility as previously indicated.
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| 48. |
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Systems Approaches and Their Application : Examples from Sweden
- 2004
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Within a conceptual framework that is developed in the two first chapters, the actual application of systems thinking is described across a broad field of cases representing research, teaching, decision support and construction. All cases are presented by experts who have actually been involved in the activities they describe. Thus, the broad selection of cases captures the great variation of systems thinking and how it is integrated into models and theories and solid knowledge pertaining to different substantive areas. At the same time all case study authors address the same set of questions that are developed in the conceptual chapters. This gives comparability across cases - chapters - and brings cohesion to the book. The focus on Sweden, an advanced country in systems thinking, reinforces the unitary context in which comparison can be made between a systems approach for better research (theory), better practice and better design and construction. Most recent literature on systems thinking has a general (often philosophical) perspective, concerns computer systems or focuses on one highly specific problem. A special feature of this book is that, while it concerns a single nation, it simultaneously contains a broad overview of systems analysis in a number of important issue areas, for research as well as practice, against a penetrating background description of what systems analysis is, how it functions, what problems it represents and what results it may produce. The book is intended for a broad readership and can be appreciated by experts on systems thinking and analysis as well as by students, teachers, researchers, planners and policy makers who want to learn more about this topic. The book should be useful in university teaching in several disciplines.
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| 49. |
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The Barents Region : Security and Economic Development in the European North
- 1994
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This book is based on contributions to the international symposium The Barents Region in the New Europe: Natural Resources and Security Policy, held at Umeå University, 7–8 May 1993. The symposium was organized by the Group for peace Research, Conflict and security Studies (FOKS) at Umeå University in cooperation with the Swedish Institute of International Affairs, Stockholm. The majority of the articles in this volume were presented at the symposium, but some contributions were added afterwards.The compilation and editing of the present volume has been done with financial support from the Centre for Regional Science (CERUM), the FOKS group and the Swedish Institute of International Affairs. In the fall of 1993, CERUM formed The Barents Programme: The Umeå University Multidisciplinary Research Programme on the Barents Sea Region. This programme brings together researchers from various university departments with a view to coordinate the efforts to investigate pertinent problems relating to the development of the Barents Region.This book is the first result of the work performed within the Umeå University Barents Programme.
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