| 1. |
- Holm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Non-Invasive Assessment of the Atrial Cycle Length during Atrial Fibrillation in Man: Introducing, Validating and Illustrating a New ECG Method
- 1998
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Ingår i: Cardiovascular Research. - 1755-3245. ; 38:1, s. 69-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Atrial fibrillation (AF) in man has previously been shown to include a wide variety of atrial activity. Assessment of the characteristics of this arrhythmia with a commonly applicable tool may therefore be important in the choice and evaluation of different therapeutic strategies. As the AF cycle length has been shown to correlate locally with atrial refractoriness and globally with the degree of atrial organization, with, in general, shorter cycle length during apparently random AF compared to more organized AF, we have developed a new method for non-invasive assessment of the AF cycle length using the surface and the esophagus (ESO) ECG. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the frequency spectrum of the residual ECG, created by suppression of the QRST complexes, the dominant atrial cycle length (DACL) was derived. By comparison with multiple intracardiac simultaneously acquired right and left AF cycle lengths in patients with paroxysmal AF, we found that the DACL in lead V1, ranging from 130 to 185 ms, well represented a spatial average of the right AF cycle lengths, whereas the DACL in the ESO ECG, ranging from 140 to 185 ms, reflected both the right and the left AF cycle length, where the influence from each structure depended on the atrial anatomy of the individual, as determined by MRI. In patients with chronic AF, the method was capable of following changes in the AF cycle length due to administration of D,L-sotalol and 5 min of ECG recording was sufficient for the DACL to be reproducible. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that this new non-invasive method, named 'Frequency Analysis of Fibrillatory ECG' (FAF-ECG), is capable of assessing both the magnitude and the dynamics of the atrial fibrillation cycle length in man.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Bob, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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CSF and blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Lancet. Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 15:7, s. 673-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease biomarkers are important for early diagnosis in routine clinical practice and research. Three core CSF biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau) have been assessed in numerous studies, and several other Alzheimer's disease markers are emerging in the literature. However, there have been no comprehensive meta-analyses of their diagnostic performance. We systematically reviewed the literature for 15 biomarkers in both CSF and blood to assess which of these were most altered in Alzheimer's disease.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Abdellah, Tebani, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of molecular profiles in a longitudinal wellness profiling cohort.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important aspect of precision medicine is to probe the stability in molecular profiles among healthy individuals over time. Here, we sample a longitudinal wellness cohort with 100 healthy individuals and analyze blood molecular profiles including proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, autoantibodies andimmune cell profiling, complementedwith gut microbiota composition and routine clinical chemistry. Overall, our results show high variation between individuals across different molecular readouts, while the intra-individual baseline variation is low. The analyses show that each individual has a unique and stable plasma protein profile throughout the study period and that many individuals also show distinct profiles with regards to the other omics datasets, with strong underlying connections between the blood proteome and the clinical chemistry parameters. In conclusion, the results support an individual-based definition of health and show that comprehensive omics profiling in a longitudinal manner is a path forward for precision medicine.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Abermann, S., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative study on the impact of TiN and Mo metal gates on MOCVD-grown HfO2 and ZrO2 high-kappa dielectrics for CMOS technology
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physics of Semiconductors, Pts A and B. - : AIP. - 9780735403970 ; , s. 293-294
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compare metal oxide semiconductor capacitors, investigating Titanium-Nitride and Molybdenum as gate materials, as well as metal organic chemical vapor deposited ZrO2 and HfO2 as high-kappa dielectrics, respectively. The impact of different annealing steps on the electrical characteristics of the various gate stacks is a further issue. The positive effect of post metallization annealing in forming gas atmosphere as well as observed mid-gap pinning of TiN and Mo metal gates is presented.
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| 9. |
- Abermann, S., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Al-, Ni-, TiN-, and Mo-metal gates on MOCVD-grown HfO2 and ZrO2 high-k dielectrics
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Microelectronics and reliability. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-2714 .- 1872-941X. ; 47:4-5, s. 536-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we compare the impacts of nickel (Ni), titanium-nitride (TiN), molybdenum (Mo), and aluminium (Al), gates on MOS capacitors incorporating HfO2- or ZrO2-dielectrics. The primary focus lies on interface trapping, oxide charging, and thermodynamical stability during different annealing steps of these gate stacks. Whereas Ni, Mo, and especially TIN are investigated as most promising candidates for future CMOS devices, Al acted as reference gate material to benchmark the parameters. Post-metallization annealing of both, TiN- and Mo-stacks, resulted in very promising electrical characteristics. However, gate stacks annealed at temperatures of 800 degrees C or 950 degrees C show thermodynamic instability and related undesirable high leakage currents.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Abermann, S., et al.
(författare)
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Processing and evaluation of metal gate/high-kappa/Si capacitors incorporating Al, Ni, TiN, and Mo as metal gate, and ZrO2 and HfO2 as high-kappa dielectric
- 2007
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Ingår i: Microelectronic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9317 .- 1873-5568. ; 84:5-8, s. 1635-1638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluate various metal gate/high-K/Si capacitors by their resulting electrical characteristics. Therefore, we process MOS gate stacks incorporating aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), titanium-nitride (TiN), and molybdenum (Mo) as the gate material, and metal organic chemical vapour deposited (MOCVD) ZrO2 and HfO2 as the gate dielectric, respectively. The influence of the processing sequence - especially of the thermal annealing treatment - on the electrical characteristics of the various gate stacks is being investigated. Whereas post metallization annealing in forming gas atmosphere improves capacitance-voltage behaviour (due to reduced interface-, and oxide charge density), current-voltage characteristics degrade due to a higher leakage current after thermal treatment at higher temperatures. The Flatband-voltage values for the TiN-, Mo-, and Ni-capacitors indicate mid-gap pinning of the metal gates, however, Ni seems to be thermally unstable on ZrO2, at least within the process scheme we applied.
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| 12. |
- Bauer, Fredric, et al.
(författare)
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Miljöforskare: ”Industrins klimatomställning måste gå snabbare”
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ny teknik. - 0550-8754.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DEBATT. Svensk industri tar flera lovande initiativ, men omställningen går alldeles för långsamt – och i vissa branscher märks den knappt alls, skriver sju miljöforskare.
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| 13. |
- Bettegowda, Chetan, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of circulating tumor DNA in early- and late-stage human malignancies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 6:224, s. 224ra24-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of noninvasive methods to detect and monitor tumors continues to be a major challenge in oncology. We used digital polymerase chain reaction-based technologies to evaluate the ability of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to detect tumors in 640 patients with various cancer types. We found that ctDNA was detectable in >75% of patients with advanced pancreatic, ovarian, colorectal, bladder, gastroesophageal, breast, melanoma, hepatocellular, and head and neck cancers, but in less than 50% of primary brain, renal, prostate, or thyroid cancers. In patients with localized tumors, ctDNA was detected in 73, 57, 48, and 50% of patients with colorectal cancer, gastroesophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast adenocarcinoma, respectively. ctDNA was often present in patients without detectable circulating tumor cells, suggesting that these two biomarkers are distinct entities. In a separate panel of 206 patients with metastatic colorectal cancers, we showed that the sensitivity of ctDNA for detection of clinically relevant KRAS gene mutations was 87.2% and its specificity was 99.2%. Finally, we assessed whether ctDNA could provide clues into the mechanisms underlying resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor blockade in 24 patients who objectively responded to therapy but subsequently relapsed. Twenty-three (96%) of these patients developed one or more mutations in genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Together, these data suggest that ctDNA is a broadly applicable, sensitive, and specific biomarker that can be used for a variety of clinical and research purposes in patients with multiple different types of cancer.
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| 14. |
- Boss, John, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression in the brain of a migratory songbird during breeding and migration
- 2016
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Ingår i: Movement Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2051-3933. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We still have limited knowledge about the underlying genetic mechanisms that enable migrating species of birds to navigate the globe. Here we make an attempt to get insight into the genetic architecture controlling this complex innate behaviour. We contrast the gene expression profiles of two closely related songbird subspecies with divergent migratory phenotypes. In addition to comparing differences in migratory strategy we include a temporal component and contrast patterns between breeding adults and autumn migrating juvenile birds of both subspecies. The two willow warbler subspecies, Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus and P. t. acredula, are remarkably similar both in phenotype and genotype and have a narrow contact zone in central Scandinavia. Here we used a microarray gene chip representing 23,136 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata to identify mRNA level differences in willow warbler brain tissue in relation to subspecies and season.RESULTS: Out of the 22,109 EST probe sets that remained after filtering poorly binding probes, we found 11,898 (51.8 %) probe sets that could be reliably and uniquely matched to a total of 6,758 orthologous zebra finch genes. The two subspecies showed very similar levels of gene expression with less than 0.1 % of the probe sets being significantly differentially expressed. In contrast, 3,045 (13.8 %) probe sets were found to be differently regulated between samples collected from breeding adults and autumn migrating juvenile birds. The genes found to be differentially expressed between seasons appeared to be enriched for functional roles in neuronal firing and neuronal synapse formation.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that only few genes are differentially expressed between the subspecies. This suggests that the different migration strategies of the subspecies might be governed by few genes, or that the expression patterns of those genes are time-structured or tissue-specific in ways, which our approach fails to uncover. Our findings will be useful in the planning of new experiments designed to unravel the genes involved in the migratory program of birds.
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| 15. |
- Bryhn, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2019 : Resursöversikt
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fisken i havet är en resurs som rör sig fritt över nationella gränser. EU har därför en gemensam fiskeripolitik (GFP). Många arter som är viktiga för Sverige regleras inte i GFP och förvaltas därför nationellt.Denna rapport syftar till att:beskriva utvecklingen av fiskeripolitikenförklara den nuvarande politikens mål och regelverk och dess relation till mål och regler på miljöområdetförklara politikens nationella genomförande och det nationella handlingsutrymmetexemplifiera hur Havs- och vattenmyndigheten arbetat med att reglera fisket.
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| 16. |
- Cristea, Lucas, et al.
(författare)
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Breathlessness dimensions association with physical and mental quality of life : the population based VASCOL study of elderly men
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Open Respiratory Research. - : BMJ. - 2052-4439. ; 8:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Breathlessness is a multidimensional symptom prevalent in elderly affecting many aspects of life. We aimed to determine how different dimensions of breathlessness are associated with physical and mental quality of life (QoL) in elderly men.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population-based analysis of 672 men aged 73 years in a Swedish county. Breathlessness was assessed using Dyspnoea-12 (D-12) and Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP), and QoL using the Short Form 12 physical and mental scores. Scores were compared as z-scores across scales and analysed using multivariable linear regression, adjusted for smoking, body mass index and the presence of respiratory and cardiovascular disease.RESULTS: Worse breathlessness was related to worse physical and mental QoL across all the D-12 and MDP dimension scores. Physical QoL was most strongly associated with perceptional breathlessness scores, D-12 total and physical scores (95% CI -0.45 to -0.30). Mental QoL was more strongly influenced by affective responses, MDP emotional response score (95% CI -0.61 to -0.48). Head-to-head comparison of the instruments confirmed that D-12 total and physical scores most influenced physical QoL, while mental QoL was mostly influenced by the emotional responses captured by the MDP.CONCLUSION: Breathlessness dimensions and QoL measures are associated differently. Physical QoL was most closely associated with sensory and perceptual breathlessness dimensions, while emotional responses were most strongly associated with mental QoL in elderly men. D-12 and MDP contribute complimentary information, where affective and emotional responses may be related to function, deconditioning and QoL.
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| 17. |
- Dong, Huan-Ji, et al.
(författare)
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Eating habits and the desire to eat healthier among patients with chronic pain: a registry-based study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Healthcare professionals often meet pain patients with a poor nutritional status such as obesity, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and a suboptimal dietary intake. A poor nutritional status may play a significant role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of chronic pain. This study investigated eating habits in a specialized pain rehabilitation center using data (N = 2152) from the Swedish quality registry for pain rehabilitation during the period 2016-2021. Patients answered a lifestyle questionnaire regarding their eating habits and desire to modify their lifestyle. The mean (SD) patient age was 46.1 (14.6) years, with 24.8% classified as obese. Suboptimal eating habits included irregular mealtimes (27.2%), weekly consumption of fast-food (20.3%) and nearly daily consumption of confectionery (33.3%). Approximately 20% (n = 426) reported a desire to eat healthier. Frequent confectionery intake (Odds ratio [OR] 1.23, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.04-1.47) and fast-food consumption (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.24-2.02) increased the likelihood to desire healthier eating. Younger patients (18-29 years), those classified as obese, and those with more extended spatial pain were more likely to express a desire to eat healthier. Eating habits should be addressed in pain management and interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation teams are encouraged to provide nutritional care tailored to the patient's needs.
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| 18. |
- Elfving, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Real-time PCR threshold cycle (Ct) cut-offs help to identify agents causing acute childhood diarrhea in Zanzibar.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical microbiology. - 1098-660X. ; 52:3, s. 916-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular assays might improve identification of causes of acute diarrheal disease, but may lead to more frequent detection of asymptomatic infections. In the present study real-time PCR targeting 14 pathogens was applied on rectal swabs from 330 children aged 2-59 months in Zanzibar, 165 with acute diarrhea and 165 asymptomatic controls. At least one pathogen was detected in 94% of patients and 84% of controls, with higher rates in patients for norovirus genogroup II (20% vs. 2.4%, p<0.0001), rotavirus (10% vs. 1.8%, p=0.003) and Cryptosporidium (30% vs. 11%, p<0.0001). Detection rates did not differ significantly for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-estA (33% vs. 24%), ETEC-eltB (44% vs. 46%), Shigella (35% vs. 33%), and Campylobacter (35% vs. 33%), but for these agents Ct (threshold cycle) values were lower (pathogen loads were higher) in sick children than in controls. In multivariate analysis, Ct values for norovirus genogroup II, rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, ETEC-estA and Shigella were independently associated with diarrhea. We conclude that this real-time PCR allows convenient detection of essentially all diarrheagenic agents, and provides Ct values that may be critical for interpretation of results for pathogens with similar detection rates in patients and controls. The results indicate that assessment of pathogen load may improve identification of agents causing gastroenteritis in children.
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| 19. |
- Franzen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the use of Swedish integrated electronic health records and register health care data as support clinical trials in severe asthma: the PACEHR study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Respiratory Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-993X .- 1465-9921. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In the development of new drugs for severe asthma, it is a challenge from an ethical point of view to randomize severe asthma patients to placebo, and to obtain long-term safety data due to discontinuations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using electronic health record (EHR) data to create a real-world reference population of uncontrolled asthmatic patients to supplement the concurrent control/placebo group in long-term studies of asthma. Methods: EHR data from 36 primary care centres and a University hospital in Sweden were linked to Swedish mandatory health registers (2005-2013), creating a population covering 33 890 asthma patients, including data on co-morbidities, risk factors and laboratory/respiratory measurements. A severe asthma EHR reference cohort was established. We used logistic regression to estimate the propensity score (probability) of each RCT or EHR patient existing in the EHR cohort given their covariates. Results: We created an EHR-derived reference cohort of 240 patients, matching the placebo group (N = 151) in an RCT of severe asthma. The exacerbation rate during follow-up in the EHR study population was 1.24 (weighted) compared to 0.9 in the RCT placebo group. Patients in the EHR cohort were of similar age as in the RCT placebo group, 50.6 years versus 50.1 years; had slightly higher body mass index 27.0 kg/m(2) versus 27.3 kg/m(2); and consisted of 40% versus 34% males. Conclusions: The results indicate that EHRs provide an opportunity to supplement the control group in RCTs of severe diseases.
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| 20. |
- Helgadottir, H., et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of novel immunotherapy regimens in patients with metastatic melanoma with germline CDKN2A mutations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Genetics. - : BMJ. - 0022-2593 .- 1468-6244. ; 57:5, s. 316-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Inherited CDKN2A mutation is a strong risk factor for cutaneous melanoma. Moreover, carriers have been found to have poor melanoma-specific survival. In this study, responses to novel immunotherapy agents in CDKN2A mutation carriers with metastatic melanoma were evaluated. Methods CDKN2A mutation carriers that have developed metastatic melanoma and undergone immunotherapy treatments were identified among carriers enrolled in follow-up studies for familial melanoma. The carriers' responses were compared with responses reported in phase III clinical trials for CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors. From publicly available data sets, melanomas with somatic CDKN2A mutation were analysed for association with tumour mutational load. Results Eleven of 19 carriers (58%) responded to the therapy, a significantly higher frequency than observed in clinical trials (p=0.03, binomial test against an expected rate of 37%). Further, 6 of the 19 carriers (32%) had complete response, a significantly higher frequency than observed in clinical trials (p=0.01, binomial test against an expected rate of 7%). In 118 melanomas with somatic CDKN2A mutations, significantly higher total numbers of mutations were observed compared with 761 melanomas without CDKN2A mutation (Wilcoxon test, p<0.001). Conclusion Patients with CDKN2A mutated melanoma may have improved immunotherapy responses due to increased tumour mutational load, resulting in more neoantigens and stronger antitumorous immune responses.
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| 21. |
- Hinnemo, Malkolm, 1986-
(författare)
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On the Road to Graphene Biosensors
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Biosensors are devices that detect biological elements and then transmit a readable signal. Biosensors can automatize diagnostics that would otherwise have to be performed by a physician or perhaps not be possible to perform at all. Current biosensors are however either limited to particular diseases or prohibitively expensive. In order to further the field, sensors capable of many parallel measurements at a lower cost need to be developed. Field effect transistor (FET) based sensors are possible candidates for delivering this, mainly by allowing miniaturization. Smaller sensors could be cheaper, and enable parallel measurements.Graphene is an interesting material to use as the channel of FET-sensors. The low electrochemical reactivity of its plane makes it possible to have graphene in direct contact with the sample liquid, which enhances the signal from impedance changes. Graphene-FET based impedance sensors should be able to sense almost all possible analytes and allow for scaling without losing sensitivity.In this work the steps needed to make graphene based biosensors are presented. An improved graphene transfer is described which by using low pressure to dry the graphene removes most contamination. A method to measure the contamination of graphene by surface enhanced Raman scattering is presented. Methods to produce double gated and electrolyte gated graphene transistors on a large scale in an entirely photolithographic process are detailed. The deposition of 1-pyrenebutyric acid (PBA) on graphene is studied. It is shown that at high surface concentrations the PBA stands up on graphene and forms a dense self-assembled monolayer. A new process of using Raman spectroscopy data to quantify adsorbents was developed in order to quantify the molecule adsorption. Biosensing has been performed in two different ways. Graphene FETs have been used to read the signal generated by a streaming potential setup. Using FETs in this context enables a more sensitive readout than what would be possible without them. Graphene FETs have been used to directly sense antibodies in high ionic strength. This sensing was done by measuring the impedance of the interface between the FET and the electrolyte.
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| 22. |
- Holm, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Non-Invasive Assessment of the Atrial Cycle Length during Chronic Atrial Fibrillation in Man
- 1996
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Ingår i: 69th Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association, New Orleans, November 10-13, 1996; Circulation, Vol. 94, No. 8 Suppl., pp. I69, 1996.. ; 94, s. 169-169
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 23. |
- Ingemansson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomic modulation of the atrial cycle length by the head up tilt test: non-invasive evaluation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Heart. - 1355-6037. ; 80:1, s. 71-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of upright posture compared with supine position on the dominant atrial cycle length (DACL) in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. DESIGN: The power/frequency spectrum of QRST suppressed lead V1 ECG was studied in 14 patients in the supine position and during the head up tilt table test. The DACL changes were compared with changes in heart rate and blood pressure. RESULTS: Compared with the supine position, the upright position reduced the DACL from 160 to 150 ms (p < 0.01). The DACL was increased after returning to the supine position from the upright position, from 147 to 154 ms (p < 0.01). Heart rate increased from 91 beats/min in the supine position to 106 in the upright position (p < 0.01). There was a decrease in heart rate from 109 beats/min in the upright position to 93 after returning to the supine position (p < 0.01). No significant changes were seen in systolic or diastolic blood pressure. There were indications of an inverse relation between DACL and heart rate when comparing the supine position before and after tilt with the upright position (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The sympathetic stimulation and vagal withdrawal induced by rising to upright body position are associated with a decrease in DACL during chronic atrial fibrillation. Thus a reflex increase in sympathetic discharge after induction of atrial fibrillation could favour the persistence of the arrhythmia.
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| 24. |
- Ingemansson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of magnesium and glucose, insulin, potassium (GIK) solution on the action potential parameters of guinea-pig atrial muscle
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 164:2, s. 173-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present paper aims to explore the effects of [Mg2+]o and glucose, insulin and K+ (GIK) on action potential parameters in guinea-pig atrial muscle. Specimens of atrial appendages were taken from guinea-pig hearts. Action potentials were recorded in isolated atrial trabeculae. Resting potential (RP) and action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) were measured with conventional microelectrode techniques. [Mg2+]o at 6 and 12 mmol L-1 depolarized the RP and prolonged the APD90, whereas 4 mmol L-1 had no effect at all. Glucose alone or in combination with insulin had no effect on action potential parameters. GIK solution with supernormal [K+]o at 6 mmol L-1 depolarized the RP and decreased the APD90. Intervention with [Mg2+]o at 4 mmol L-1 in combination with GIK solution with supernormal [K+]o of 6 mmol L-1, reversibly depolarized the RP, whereas the APD90 was not significantly changed. [Mg2+]o at 12 mmol L-1 in combination with GIK solution with a physiological [K+]o of 4 mmol L-1 prolonged the APD90 whereas the RP was unaffected. [Mg2+]o at 6 and 12 mmol L-1 slightly depolarized the RP and prolonged the APD90. The action potential of normally polarized atrial muscle was not sensitive to supernormal levels of glucose alone or in combination with insulin. The effects of [Mg2+]o in combination with the GIK solutions on action potential parameters seemed to be attributable to the supernormal [Mg2+]o and [K+]o alone, while these seemed to have opposite effects on APD90.
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| 25. |
- Ingemansson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of MgSO4 and glucose, insulin and potassium (GIK) on atrial conduction during the first 12 hours after DC-conversion of chronic atrial fibrillation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2006 .- 1401-7431. ; 35:5, s. 340-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in atrial conduction induced by MgSO4 and glucose, insulin and potassium (GIK) during the first 12-h period of sinus rhythm after successful DC-conversion of chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF). METHODS: Signal-averaged P-wave duration, QRS-duration and PQ-time were recorded in 20 patients who were randomly assigned to control or intervention. Ten patients received no infusates (control group) and 10 patients received MgSO4 and GIK infusions (intervention group). P-wave duration was determined from the X-, Y- and Z-leads, which were further combined to obtain a spatial magnitude. P-wave morphology was studied by analysing global activation patterns and discrete components from the calculated spatial magnitude signal. RESULTS: No changes in the measured parameters were seen in the control group. The P-wave duration, QRS-duration and PQ-time increased from 139(13) [mean(SD)] to 149(15) (p < 0.01), 90(7) to 94(9) (p < 0.05) and 188(10) to 207(13) ms (p < 0.01). respectively, after bolus infusion of MgSO4. The time from the start of the P-wave to its 1st and 2nd max. locations increased by 6 ms (p < 0.01) in both cases after bolus infusion of MgSO4 and had reversed after 10 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion. P-wave duration and PQ-time decreased after 10 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion, from 149(34) (bolus) to 138(12) and from 207(13) to 195(27) ms (p < 0.05), respectively, in spite of an even higher serum Mg concentration at the end of this period. CONCLUSION: Bolus infusion of MgSO4 2 h after DC-conversion of CAF produced an intra-atrial conduction delay that could be reversed by adding a GIK infusion, in spite of a concomitant increase in serum Mg concentration. No recovery of the intra-atrial conduction delay, seen after DC-conversion of CAF, was observed in either of the two groups during the 12-h study period.
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| 26. |
- Ingemansson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Intravenous MgSO4 alone and in combination with glucose, insulin and potassium (GIK) prolong the atrial cycle length in chronic atrial fibrillation
- 2000
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1532-2092 .- 1099-5129. ; 2:2, s. 106-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To investigate the effects of parenteral administration of MgSO4, and glucose, insulin, and potassium (GIK), on the dominant atrial cycle length during chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF). METHODS AND RESULTS: The length of the dominant atrial cycle (DACL) in the power-frequency spectrum of the QRST-suppressed lead V1 ECG was identified before and after intravenous administration of MgSO4 alone and after 5 and 10 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion, in 13 patients with CAF. The changes in DACL were compared with changes in heart rate (HR), blood pressure and blood parameters. MgSO4 alone increased the DACL from 146(13) (mean(SD)) (control) to 153(14) ms (P < 0.01) and decreased the HR from 102(22) to 95(18) beats x min(-1) (P < 0.05). After 5 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion the DACL was increased compared with control, from 146(13) to 152(11) ms (P < 0.01), but unchanged compared with that after the bolus infusion of MgSO4. HR was decreased compared with control (102(22)) and the bolus infusion of MgSO4 (95(18)) to 87(15) beats x min(-1) after 5 h of intervention. The DACL was further increased after 10 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion compared with both control (from 146(13) to 157(11) ms), (P < 0.01) and the 5h infusion (152(11) to 157(11) ms), (P < 0.05). No further changes were seen in HR after 10 h (87(17)) of intervention. There were indications of an inverse relationship between total changes in HR (deltaHR) and DACL (deltaDACL) during the interventions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bolus infusion of MgSO4 prolongs the DACL and decreases HR in CAF. A further prolongation of DACL was seen after 10 h of MgSO4 and GIK infusion compared with control and with 5 h of intervention. Changes in DACL and HR during the entire intervention period showed an inverse relationship. The antiarrhythmic properties of MgSO4 and the GIK solution in CAF clearly require further attention.
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| 27. |
- Ingemansson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Modification of intrinsic AV-nodal properties by magnesium in combination with glucose, insulin, and potassium (GIK) during chronic atrial fibrillation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - 1532-8430. ; 31:4, s. 281-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of MgSO4 in combination with glucose, insulin, and potassium (GIK) on intrinsic AV-nodal properties during chronic atrial fibrillation. METHODS: The study included two patient groups--(a) control and intervention and (b) intervention--with different infusion times and concentrations of MgSO4. Ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings were analyzed using modified heart-rate stratified histogram (HRSH) analysis allowing detailed observation of the RR distribution at different average heart rate levels. The two RR-interval populations observed in most patients were characterized by analyzing the relationship between the summits of the peaks of the bimodal histograms. RESULTS: A bimodal RR distribution with a shorter and a longer RR-interval population was observed in 9 of 11 (control), 9 of 11 (intervention) in group (a), and 11 of 13 in group (b) patients. No significant changes in the two RR populations were seen in the control registration (group a). There were, however, indications of a conduction delay in the longer RR intervals in group (a), which received a low concentration of MgSO4, when control was compared with intervention recordings. In group (b), receiving a high MgSO4 concentration, a conduction delay was seen in both the shorter and longer RR populations, being most pronounced for the longer RR population. CONCLUSION: High MgSO4 levels caused a delay in both the shorter and longer RR intervals. The conduction delay in the longer RR population was most pronounced, indicating that MgSO4 differently affected the two corresponding AV-nodal pathways.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Koch, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond the growth imperative and neoliberal doxa: Expanding alternative societal spaces through deliberative citizen forums on needs satisfaction.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Real-world Economics Review. - 1755-9472. ; :96, s. 168-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are there indications for the neoliberal hegemony in economy and society to come to an end? Are people already imagining a future within environmental limits and beyond the growth imperative? Theoretically, building upon Marx and Bourdieu, we reconstruct the ideological impact that capitalism, in general, and neoliberalism, in particular, has on the ways we think, feel and make sense of our environmental and social context. Empirically, we analyse qualitative data from eleven deliberative citizen forums on needs satisfaction that we carried out in 2020 in Sweden. Theoretical and empirical results point to a weakening of capitalist and, particularly, neoliberal ideology. In the forums, this became obvious in the discussions of critical issues such as space use, labour market-generated inequalities, societal norms regarding upward mobility and individual ideas about career and happiness. There is furthermore significant intersection between what researchers recommend in terms of “eco-social” policy measures to initiate transformational change and what citizens view as necessary in this respect. Since deliberative citizen forums can provide opportunities of critical reflection and imagining alternative ways of satisfying fundamental human needs in sustainable ways, they can play a valuable role in the more general effort of igniting “counterfire” (Bourdieu) to neoliberalism and developing postgrowth economies and societies.
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| 30. |
- Koch, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Slutrapport: Hållbar välfärd för den nya generationens socialpolitik
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vårt samhälle står inför dubbla utmaningar vad gäller att ställa om till mer hållbar energi- och resursförbruking, och mer hållbara ekonomiska och sociala system, inklusive att minska växande ojämlikheter. För att nå Sveriges klimatmål samt Agenda 2030-målen måste resurs- och energiförbrukningen signifikant reduceras. Samtidigt finns det väldigt lite evidens för att denna reducering kan lyckas i en kontext av ekonomisk tillväxt (Parrique et al 2019; Hickel & Kallis 2020; Haberl et al 2021).Målet med projektet har varit att utveckla nya generationens socialpolitik inom en posttillväxtkontext som är både socialt och ekologiskt hållbar, med särskilt fokus på kombinationen av expertkunskap och medborgares praxiskunskap. Vi tog avstamp i begreppet hållbar välfärd samt teorier om behov, vilka betonarallmänmänskliga behov, samtidigt som kulturellt och socialt varierandebehovstillfredställare i förhållande till kontext tas i beaktande. Genom attkombinera medborgarforum, enkätstudie och expertforum, har vi reflekterat över vårt nuvarande sätt att tillfredsställa våra behov och utvecklat en rad nyabehovstillfredställare som kan möjliggöra en skälig nivå av välbefinnandesamtidigt som planetens gränser respekteras och resurs- och energianvändningminskas. Projektet ledde till nya kunskaper om hur den svenska befolkningenresonerar kring hållbar behovstillfredställande inom planetära gränser. Projektethar även undersökt allmänhetens stöd för ekosociala policyåtgärder som föreslogs av medborgarforumen inom fyra områden: arbetsliv/inkomstdistribution, kost, mobilitet och boende.
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| 31. |
- Kochovska, Slavica, et al.
(författare)
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Associations in Perceived Health and Persistent Breathlessness: A Cross-Sectional Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Palliative Medicine Reports. - 2689-2820. ; 4:1, s. 120-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Persistent breathlessness is debilitating and increases in prevalence with advanced age and at end of life. This study aimed to evaluate any relationship between self-reported global impressions of change (GIC) in perceived health and breathlessness in older men.Design: Cross-sectional study of 73-year-old Swedish men in the VAScular and Chronic Obstructive Lung disease study. A postal survey included items on perceived changes in health and breathlessness (GIC scales) and breathlessness (assessed using the modified Medical Research Council [mMRC] breathlessness scale, Dyspnea-12 and Multidimensional Dyspnea Scale) since age 65.Results: Of 801 respondents, breathlessness (mMRC ≥2) was reported by 17.9%, worsening breathlessness by 29.1%, and worsening perceived health by 51.3%. Worsening breathlessness was strongly correlated with worsening perceived health (Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.68 [p Conclusion: The strong correlation between perceived changes in health and persistent breathlessness helps delineate a more comprehensive picture of the challenges faced by older adults living with this disabling symptom.
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| 32. |
- Kochovska, Slavica, et al.
(författare)
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Persisting breathlessness and activities reduced or ceased: a population study in older men
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMJ Open Respiratory Research. - : BMJ. - 2052-4439. ; 9:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Breathlessness is debilitating and increases in prevalence with age, with people progressively reducing their everyday activities to ‘self-manage’ it. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of breathlessness on function in terms of activities that have been reduced or ceased (‘compromised’) in older men.Methods A cross-sectional postal survey of Swedish 73-year-old man in the VAScular and Chronic Obstructive Lung disease study self-reporting on demographics, breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale, Dyspnoea-12, Multidimensional Dyspnea Scale) and its duration, anxiety/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), performance status (WHO Performance Status), everyday activities reduced/ceased and exertion.Results 148/828 (17.9%) respondents reported breathlessness (mMRC >2), of whom 51.9% had reduced/ceased activities compared with 9.6% who did not. Physical activity was the most common activity reduced/ceased (48.0%) followed by sexual activity (41.2%) and social activities (37.8%). Of 16.0% of respondents with mMRC 3–4 talking on the phone was affected compared with only 2.9% of respondents with mMRC 2. Worsening breathlessness was associated with increasingly sedentary lifestyles and more limited function, those reporting reduced/ceased activities had an associated increase in reporting anxiety and depression. In adjusted analyses, breathlessness was associated with increased likelihood of activities being ceased overall as well as physical and sexual activities being affected separately.Conclusion Worsening breathlessness was associated with decreasing levels of self-reported physical activity, sexual activity and function. Overall, the study showed that people with persisting breathlessness modify their lifestyle to avoid it by reducing or ceasing a range of activities, seeking to minimise their exposure to the symptom.
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| 33. |
- Lappa, Dimitra, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Self-organized metabotyping of obese individuals identifies clusters responding differently to bariatric surgery
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 18:3, s. e0279335-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Weight loss through bariatric surgery is efficient for treatment or prevention of obesity related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Long term weight loss response does, however, vary among patients undergoing surgery. Thus, it is difficult to identify predictive markers while most obese individuals have one or more comorbidities. To overcome such challenges, an in-depth multiple omics analyses including fasting peripheral plasma metabolome, fecal metagenome as well as liver, jejunum, and adipose tissue transcriptome were performed for 106 individuals undergoing bariatric surgery. Machine leaning was applied to explore the metabolic differences in individuals and evaluate if metabolism-based patients' stratification is related to their weight loss responses to bariatric surgery. Using Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) to analyze the plasma metabolome, we identified five distinct metabotypes, which were differentially enriched for KEGG pathways related to immune functions, fatty acid metabolism, protein-signaling, and obesity pathogenesis. The gut metagenome of the most heavily medicated metabotypes, treated simultaneously for multiple cardiometabolic comorbidities, was significantly enriched in Prevotella and Lactobacillus species. This unbiased stratification into SOM-defined metabotypes identified signatures for each metabolic phenotype and we found that the different metabotypes respond differently to bariatric surgery in terms of weight loss after 12 months. An integrative framework that utilizes SOMs and omics integration was developed for stratifying a heterogeneous bariatric surgery cohort. The multiple omics datasets described in this study reveal that the metabotypes are characterized by a concrete metabolic status and different responses in weight loss and adipose tissue reduction over time. Our study thus opens a path to enable patient stratification and hereby allow for improved clinical treatments.
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| 34. |
- Larsson, Jonas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular Effects of Load Carriage in Soldiers; A Pilot Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Book of Abstracts of the 24th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science – 3rd - 6th July 2019, Prague – Czech Republic. - : European College of Sport Science. - 9783981841428 ; , s. 422-423
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Previous studies have shown that risk of physical fatigue increases if prolonged average work intensity exceeds 50% of oxygen uptake (VO2). In order to avoid persistent fatigue in a work setting, it is important to conduct suitable work capacity analyses. In physically demanding jobs where wearing protective gear and/or external load is mandatory, monitoring of cardiovascular demands through heart rate (HR) is one way to track the workers’ relative effort. There are limited studies examining effects of load carrying on cardiovascular capacity where it appears that VO2peak differ when soldiers and firefighters are tested with work-related equipment/clothing compared to light clothing. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate effects of load (combat gear) on HR, VO2 and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) compared to no load in soldiers during a graded treadmill protocol.Methods: Eight volunteer army soldiers (1 woman, 7 men) performed a graded treadmill test until exhaustion. All soldiers performed the test twice, once with light clothes and no load (NL) and once with added load, their personal combat gear (CG), with at least 48 h between sessions. The treadmill protocol stages included supine and standing positions, followed by marching speeds of 5.4 km/h and 8 km/h at 0 incline (all 5 min) immediately followed by a set marching speed of 8 km/h with a starting incline of 2 % increasing the incline 2 % every third minute until voluntary exhaustion. Measurements of HR, VO2 and SmO2 were collected continuously and the last 30 s of each stage were averaged and used for statistical analyses (paired t-tests).Results: The mean added load for all soldiers with CG was 16.8 ± 1.1 kg. All soldiers completed at least 6 stages (range 6-11 stages) with both NL and CG, where time to exhaustion with NL was longer (19.1 ± 3.2 min) compared to CG (9.1 ± 2.9 min; p <0.01). Submaximal HR and VO2 were both significantly higher with CG compared to NL (at absolute intensities) at all marching speeds all soldiers completed (5.4 km/h 0 % grade - 8 km/h 4% grade; all p<0.05). For SmO2, marching with CG compared to NL resulted in increased muscle oxygen utilization, at submaximal stages 8 km/h 0% -4% grade (all p<0.05). For values at maximal effort the CG had a significantly lower VO2peak (3.7 ± 0.5 L/min) compared to NL (4.1 ± 0.6 L/min, p <0.01), whereas there was no difference in HRpeak or the lowest value of SmO2 between CG (193.1 ± 7.2 bpm; 42.4 ± 30.3%) and NL (195.4 ± 8.9 bpm; 47.0 ± 29.2%).Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that assessment of aerobic capacity in soldiers should be conducted with combat gear to help determine their actual work capacity during combat and other load carrying tasks. These results suggest that if soldiers’ work performance is determined without added load it overestimates their aerobic capacity (VO2peak) in tasks wearing combat gear, which might lead to added fatigability and deleterious effect on performance.
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| 35. |
- Lee, Jayeon, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Deliberating a Sustainable Welfare–Work Nexus
- 2023
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Ingår i: Politische Vierteljahresschrift (German Political Science Quarterly). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0032-3470 .- 1862-2860. ; 64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very few countries have managed to decouple economic growth from resource use and greenhouse gas emissions in absolute terms and at rates to meet the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. To achieve this, technological solutions would need to be combined with sufficiency-oriented policies in a postgrowth context. This paper develops policy ideas for a sustainable welfare–work nexus via citizen engagement and examines the level of democratic support for such ideas. Theoretically, it employs “sustainable welfare” to understand welfare and wellbeing within planetary and social limits. The paper first sketches the welfare–work nexus as developed in the postwar circumstances in Western Europe, highlighting that this model was at no point in time ecologically generalizable to the rest of the world, and then briefly reviews the existing debate on sustainable welfare. The empirical analyses start with qualitative data from 11 deliberative forums on sustainable needs satisfaction, with emphasis on policies targeted at respecting the upper and lower boundaries of a “safe and just operating space” for economic and social development. The qualitative data are then triangulated with quantitative data from a representative survey, which was constructed based on the policy suggestions from the forums, hence allowing for an exploration of their popularity in the Swedish population as a whole.We find a considerable gap between the far-reaching policy measures that forum participants consider necessary and the measures that the general public in Sweden are prepared to support, especially when it comes to policies targeting maximum levels of needs satisfaction.
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| 36. |
- Lee, Jayeon, et al.
(författare)
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Deliberating a Sustainable Welfare–Work Nexus / Auf dem Weg zu einem nachhaltigen Wohlfahrt-Arbeit-Nexus
- 2023
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Ingår i: Politische Vierteljahresschrift. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0032-3470 .- 1862-2860. ; 61, s. 825-825
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very few countries have managed to decouple economic growth from resource use and greenhouse gas emissions in absolute terms and at rates to meet the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. To achieve this, technological solutions would need to be combined with sufficiency-oriented policies in a postgrowth context. This paper develops policy ideas for a sustainable welfare–work nexus via citizen engagement and examines the level of democratic support for such ideas. Theoretically, it employs “sustainable welfare” to understand welfare and wellbeing within planetary and social limits. The paper first sketches the welfare–work nexus as developed in the postwar circumstances in Western Europe, highlighting that this model was at no point in time ecologically generalizable to the rest of the world, and then briefly reviews the existing debate on sustainable welfare. The empirical analyses start with qualitative data from 11 deliberative forums on sustainable needs satisfaction, with emphasis on policies targeted at respecting the upper and lower boundaries of a “safe and just operating space” for economic and social development. The qualitative data are then triangulated with quantitative data from a representative survey, which was constructed based on the policy suggestions from the forums, hence allowing for an exploration of their popularity in the Swedish population as a whole. We find a considerable gap between the far-reaching policy measures that forum participants consider necessary and the measures that the general public in Sweden are prepared to support, especially when it comes to policies targeting maximum levels of needs satisfaction.
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| 37. |
- Lindellee, Jayeon, et al.
(författare)
-
Deliberating a Sustainable Welfare-Work Nexus
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Very few countries have managed to decouple economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions in absolute terms and where this was achieved at rates too slow to meet the climate targets of the Paris agreement. To do so, technological solutions would need to be combined with sufficiency-oriented policies in a post growth context. Contributing to such a policy strategy, this paper explores the potentials for democratically formulating and establishing a sustainable welfare-work nexus. Theoretically, it employs ‘sustainable welfare’ as an attempt to understand welfare and wellbeing within planetary limits. Empirically, it presents qualitative and quantitative data from an ongoing research project in Sweden. The paper first sketches the welfareworknexus as developed in the post-war circumstances in Western Europe,highlighting that this model was at no point in time ecologically generalizable to the rest of the world, and briefly reviews the hitherto debate on sustainable welfare. The empirical analyses start with qualitative data from eleven deliberative forums on sustainable needs satisfaction with emphasis on policies targeted at respecting the upper and lower boundaries of a ‘safe operational space’ within which needs satisfaction may be established within planetary limits. The qualitative data are then triangulated with quantitative data from a representative survey, which was constructed based on the policy suggestions from the forums, hence allowing for an exploration of their popularity in the Swedish population as a whole.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Lotzke, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Use of the PREPARE (PREhabilitation, Physical Activity and exeRcisE) program to improve outcomes after lumbar fusion surgery for severe low back pain: A study protocol of a person-centred randomised controlled trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Following lumbar fusion surgery, a successful outcome is empirically linked to effective rehabilitation. While rehabilitation is typically postoperative, the phase before surgery - termed prehabilitation - is reportedly an ideal time to prepare the patient. There are presently no guidelines for prehabilitation before lumbar fusion surgery. Physical activity has well-known health benefits, and staying physically active despite pain is a major principle in non-pharmacological chronic low back pain treatment. Psychological factors such as fear of movement, pain catastrophizing and low self-efficacy are known to be barriers to staying active. No studies have investigated prehabilitation protocols that promote physical activity and target psychological risk factors before lumbar fusion surgery. The aim of our proposed randomised controlled trial is to investigate whether patients who undergo lumbar fusion surgery for degenerative disc disease experience better functioning with a physiotherapeutic prehabilitation program (PREPARE) based on a cognitive behavioural approach compared to conventional care. Methods/Design: We will recruit 110 patients between 18-70 years of age with degenerative disc disease who are waiting for lumbar fusion surgery. These patients will be randomly assigned to receive either PREPARE or conventional care. PREPARE uses a person-centred perspective and focuses on promoting physical activity and targeting psychological risk factors before surgery. The primary outcome will be disability measured using the Oswestry Disability Index 2.0. Secondary outcomes will include functioning (patient-reported and performance-based), physical activity (accelerometer), health-related quality of life, back and leg pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, depression, anxiety, satisfaction with treatment results and health economic factors. Data will be collected at baseline (preoperatively) after the intervention (preoperatively), 3 and 8 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 60 months postoperatively. Discussion: We hypothesise that the focus on promoting physical activity and targeting psychological risk factors before surgery will decrease disability and help the patients to be more active despite pain both before and after surgery. We will use a combination of outcome measures both patient-reported and performance-based, as well as accelerometer data. This will provide a more comprehensive picture of the patient's functioning than just patient-reported outcomes alone. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISCRTN17115599, Retrospectively Registered 18 May 2015. © 2016 The Author(s).
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| 40. |
- Lucas, Cristea, et al.
(författare)
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Which breathlessness dimensions associate most strongly with fatigue?-The populationbased VASCOL study of elderly men
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - 1932-6203. ; 18:12 December
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Breathlessness and fatigue are common symptoms in older people. We aimed to evaluate how different breathlessness dimensions (overall intensity, unpleasantness, sensory descriptors, emotional responses) were associated with fatigue in elderly men. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of the population-based VAScular disease and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (VASCOL) study of 73-year old men. Breathlessness dimensions were assessed using the Dyspnoea-12 (D-12), Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP), and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) questionnaire. Clinically relevant fatigue was defined as FACIT-F≤ 30 units. Scores were compared standardized as z-scores and analysed using linear regression, adjusted for body mass index, smoking, depression, cancer, sleep apnoea, prior cardiac surgery, respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Results Of 677 participants, 11.7% had clinically relevant fatigue. Higher breathlessness scores were associated with having worse fatigue; for D-12 total, -0.35 ([95% CI] -0.41 to -0.30) and for MDP A1, -0.24 (-0.30 to -0.18). Associations were similar across all the evaluated breathlessness dimensions even when adjusting for the potential confounders. Conclusion Breathlessness assessed using D-12 and MDP was associated with worse fatigue in elderly men, similarly across different breathlessness dimensions.
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| 41. |
- Meurling, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Attenuation of electrical remodelling in chronic atrial fibrillation following oral treatment with verapamil
- 1999
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1532-2092 .- 1099-5129. ; 1:4, s. 234-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Electrical remodelling with shortening of the atrial refractory period and increased fibrillatory rate occurs after onset of atrial fibrillation and can be attenuated by pre-treatment with intravenous verapamil. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether already established fibrillatory-induced shortening of atrial fibrillatory cycle length could be reversed with oral verapamil. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirteen patients (nine men; mean age 67 years) with chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF) were studied. The dominant atrial cycle length (DACL) was estimated non-invasively using the frequency analysis of fibrillatory ECG (FAF-ECG) method. Measurements were repeated following treatment with slow release oral verapamil. DACL increased from 147 +/- 13 ms to 156 +/- 21 ms after 1 day (P=0.02), to 164 +/- 18 ms after 5 days (P=0.005) and finally to 160 +/- 16 ms after 6 weeks (P=0.008). CONCLUSION: Long-term oral treatment with verapamil increases the DACL significantly in patients with CAF. The prolongation is evident after 1 day and is further developed during the first 5 days of treatment. Since DACL is believed to be an index of refractoriness, the findings of the present study suggest that this treatment increases the atrial refractory period in patients with CAF.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Olsson, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Förmaksflimmer - ny kunskap ger nya behandlingsmöjligheter
- 1999
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 96:36, s. 3796-3803
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia prompting treatment. Advances in our knowledge of the pathophysiology of AF provide the basis for new and improved treatment modalities. Thus, focal excitation and localised impulse conduction defects are possible trigger factors which can be counteracted by focal ablation and pacing synchronisation, respectively. Perpetuation of AF, caused by continuous multisite re-entry, is promoted by successive shortening of repolarisation. Internal defibrillation and anatomical limitation of re-entry are treatments that counteract perpetuation of the arrhythmia. Current knowledge of AF and the application of new treatments are discussed by the Lund AF research group.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Olsson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of a deliberate practice intervention for therapist trainees
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deliberate practice (DP) is well established and widely accepted in expert performance research within a variety of fields. Recently, researchers have started to examine if the same training principles can be applied to psychotherapists. The aim of this study was to examine the impact on intrapersonal skills and the experiences of a six-week DP intervention on seven therapist trainees (n = 7). To do this, a single-case research design was used, combining weekly repeated measurements and pre- and post-intervention measurements as well as a qualitative study analyzed by inductive thematic analysis. The results from our measurements indicate mixed results, where three out of seven participants achieved a significant positive intervention effect and we can see that most participants change in the hypothesized direction on mindful attention (MAAS), experiential avoidance (MEAQ), emotional processing (EPI), and self-compassion (SCS). The participants described gains on increased self-awareness, more compassionate treatment of oneself, increased tolerance of unpleasant feelings as well as a sense of being able to use their own experiences to understand their relationship to other people. The intervention also gave the participants an ability to hold contrasting thoughts and emotions and provided an increased sense of hope for their own future development. The findings of our study should be interpreted in light of its pilot nature and the limited extent of our design. However, it indicates that it seems possible to achieve positive results on intrapersonal skills from a relatively short period of training.
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