| 1. |
- Edlund, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable UNiversity Life (SUN) study : Protocol for a prospective cohort study of modifiable risk and prognostic factors for mental health problems and musculoskeletal pain among university students
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 12:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Mental health problems and musculoskeletal pain are common health problems among young adults including students. Little is known about the aetiology and prognosis of these problems in university students. We aim to determine the role of personal, sociodemographic, academic and environmental factors for risk and prognosis of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress as well as musculoskeletal pain in university students. The constructs that will be studied are based on the biopsychosocial model and psychopathology associated with disabling pain. This model acknowledges illness to consist of interrelated mechanisms categorised into biological, psychological, environmental and social cues.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This cohort study aims to recruit around 5000 Swedish full-time students. Data will be collected using five online surveys during one academic year. A subgroup (n=1851) of the cohort, recruited before the COVID-19 pandemic, receive weekly text messages with three short questions assessing mood, worry and pain, sent through the web-based platform SMS-track . Statistical analyses will include Kaplan-Meier estimates, Cox regression analyses, multinomial logistic regression analyses and generalised estimating equations. We will assess effect measure modification when relevant and conduct sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of lost to follow-up.PROTOCOL AMENDMENTS: Due to opportunity and timing of the study, with relevance to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study further aims to address mental health problems, musculoskeletal pain and lifestyle in university students before and during the pandemic.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Sustainable UNiversity Life study was approved by the Swedish ethics authority (2019-03276; 2020-01449). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed research papers, reports, research conferences, student theses and stakeholder communications.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04465435.
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| 2. |
- Holm, Lena W., et al.
(författare)
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Vigorous regular leisure-time physical activity is associated with a clinically important improvement in back pain - a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trials
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2474. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neck and back pain are musculoskeletal conditions with serious individual and societal consequences. Current evidence about the prognostic value for neck and back pain is limited and conflicting. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the association between leisure-time physical activity (LPA) and improvement of neck and/or back pain in a working population receiving manual therapy or general care in one of two randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: Analyses of data from two RCTs evaluating the effect of manual therapies for neck and/or back pain was conducted. Participants (n = 1 464) answered questionnaires about frequency and effort level of LPA at baseline. LPA on moderate or vigorous levels was compared to no or low/irregular moderate and vigorous levels. Pain intensity was assessed with numerical scales at baseline and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. The outcome was minimal clinically important improvement in pain intensity, defined as >= 2 points improvement in mean pain intensity at follow-up. Crude- and adjusted risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with Poisson regression analysis and stratified by pain location. Results: Participants with neck and/or back pain performing vigorous LPA showed a minimal clinically important improvement after 12 months compared to the control group; RR 1.35 (95% CI; 1.06-1.73). No effect was observed at 3 or 6 months. Moderate LPA did not improve pain intensity in any follow-up. Stratified analyses revealed that the effect of vigorous LPA at 12 months in back pain was RR 1.83 (95% CI; 1.26-2.66) and neck pain RR 1.06 (95% CI; 0.75-1.49). Conclusions: Persons with neck and/or back pain receiving manual therapy or general evidence-based care have greater chance of improvement after 12 months if they prior to treatment frequently practice vigorous LPA. When analyzed separately, the effect was only present for back pain.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Fred, et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Procrastination and Subsequent Health Outcomes Among University Students in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Procrastination is prevalent among university students and is hypothesized to lead to adverse health outcomes. Previous cross-sectional research suggests that procrastination is associated with mental and physical health outcomes, but longitudinal evidence is currently scarce.Objective To evaluate the association between procrastination and subsequent health outcomes among university students in Sweden.Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was based on the Sustainable University Life study, conducted between August 19, 2019, and December 15, 2021, in which university students recruited from 8 universities in the greater Stockholm area and Örebro were followed up at 5 time points over 1 year. The present study used data on 3525 students from 3 time points to assess whether procrastination was associated with worse health outcomes 9 months later.Exposure Self-reported procrastination, measured using 5 items from the Swedish version of the Pure Procrastination Scale rated on a Likert scale from 1 (“very rarely or does not represent me”) to 5 (“very often or always represents me”) and summed to give a total procrastination score ranging from 5 to 25.Main Outcomes and Measures Sixteen self-reported health outcomes were assessed at the 9-month follow-up. These included mental health problems (symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress), disabling pain (neck and/or upper back, lower back, upper extremities, and lower extremities), unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (poor sleep quality, physical inactivity, tobacco use, cannabis use, alcohol use, and breakfast skipping), psychosocial health factors (loneliness and economic difficulties), and general health.Results The study included 3525 participants (2229 women [63%]; mean [SD] age, 24.8 [6.2] years), with a follow-up rate of 73% (n = 2587) 9 months later. The mean (SD) procrastination score at baseline was 12.9 (5.4). An increase of 1 SD in procrastination was associated with higher mean symptom levels of depression (β, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.09-0.17), anxiety (β, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.04-0.12), and stress (β, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08-0.15), and having disabling pain in the upper extremities (risk ratio [RR], 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.42), poor sleep quality (RR, 1.09, 95% CI, 1.05-1.14), physical inactivity (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.11), loneliness (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.12), and economic difficulties (RR, 1.15, 95% CI, 1.02-1.30) at the 9-month follow-up, after controlling for a large set of potential confounders.Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study of Swedish university students suggests that procrastination is associated with subsequent mental health problems, disabling pain, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, and worse psychosocial health factors. Considering that procrastination is prevalent among university students, these findings may be of importance to enhance the understanding of students’ health.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Fred, et al.
(författare)
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Strengths of associations between depressive symptoms and loneliness, perfectionistic concerns, risky alcohol use and physical activity across levels of sleep quality in Swedish university students : A cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 32:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research shows that sleep quality may interact with some other predictors of depression, such that poor sleep could strengthen the association between these factors and depression. We aimed to determine the presence of statistical interactions between sleep quality and loneliness, risky alcohol use, perfectionistic concerns and/or physical inactivity in relation to depressive symptoms. Further, we aimed to describe the functional form of the statistical interactions and associations. We used a cross-sectional design and included 4262 Swedish university students. All measures were self-reported, sleep quality was measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and depressive symptoms with the short-form Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Regression models of increasing complexity (linear and non-linear, with and without interactions) were compared to determine the presence of associations and statistical interactions, and to explore the best functional form for these associations and interactions. Out-of-sample R2 from repeated cross-validation was used to select the final models. We found that sleep quality was associated with depressive symptoms in all final models. Sleep quality showed a linear interaction with perfectionistic concerns in relation to depressive symptoms, such that perfectionistic concerns were more strongly associated with depressive symptoms when sleep quality was poor. Loneliness, risky alcohol use and physical inactivity were non-linearly associated with depressive symptoms but did not interact with sleep quality. We concluded that out of the four examined variables, only perfectionistic concerns interacted with sleep quality in relation to depressive symptoms. This interaction was weak and explained little of the overall variance in depressive symptoms.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Fred, et al.
(författare)
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Study environment and the incidence of mental health problems and activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems among university students : The SUN cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between different aspects of study environment and the incidence of mental health problems and activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems.DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We recruited a cohort of 4262 Swedish university students of whom 2503 (59%) were without moderate or worse mental health problems and 2871 (67%) without activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems at baseline. The participants were followed at five time points over 1 year using web surveys.EXPOSURES: Self-rated discrimination, high study pace, low social cohesion and poor physical environment measured at baseline.OUTCOMES: Self-rated mental health problems defined as scoring above cut-off on any of the subscales of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Self-rated activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems in any body location assessed by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Discrete survival-time analysis was used to estimate the hazard rate ratio (HR) of each exposure-outcome combination while adjusting for gender, age, living situation, education type, year of studies, place of birth and parental education as potential confounders.RESULTS: For discrimination, adjusted HRs were 1.75 (95% CI 1.40 to 2.19) for mental health problems and 1.39 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.72) for activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems. For high study pace, adjusted HRs were 1.70 (95% CI 1.48 to 1.94) for mental health problems and 1.25 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.43) for activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems. For low social cohesion, adjusted HRs were 1.51 (95% CI 1.29 to 1.77) for mental health problems and 1.08 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.25) for activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems. For perceived poor physical study environment, adjusted HRs were 1.20 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.45) for mental health problems and 1.20 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.43) for activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems.CONCLUSIONS: Several aspects of the study environment were associated with the incidence of mental health problems and activity-limiting musculoskeletal problems in this sample of Swedish university students.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Lifestyle behaviors in Swedish university students before and during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic : A cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Changes in Swedish university students' lifestyle behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic are unknown. This study aimed to assess physical activity, sitting time, meal frequency and risk substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit use of drugs) in Swedish university students before and during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic, for all and stratified by age and sex.METHODS: Data were obtained from the Sustainable University Life cohort study in which web-based surveys were sent to university students repeatedly for one year. Baseline assessment (before the pandemic) was between August 2019-March 2020, follow-up 1 (FU1) between March-June 2020, and follow-up 2 (FU2) between June-September 2020. Participants reported weekly minutes of physical activity, daily sitting hours, meal frequency by weekly intake of different meals, and motivation for eating irregularly, if so. Also, harmful use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs was assessed. Population means and differences with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in lifestyle behaviors between time points were calculated with Generalized Estimating Equations.RESULTS: 1877 students (73% women, mean age 26.5 years) answered the baseline survey. Weekly exercise decreased by -5.7 min (95% CI: -10.0, -1.5) and -7.7 min (95% CI: -12.6, -2.8) between baseline and FU1 and FU2, respectively. Weekly daily activities increased by 5.6 min (95% CI: 0.3, 11.7) and 14.2 min (95% CI: 7.9, 20.5) between baseline and FU1 and FU2. Daily sitting time decreased by -1.4 h (95% CI: -1.7, -1.2) between baseline and FU2. Breakfast intake increased by 0.2 days per week (95% CI: 0.1, 0.3) between baseline and FU2. Lunch intake decreased by -0.2 days per week (95% CI: -0.2, -0.1) between baseline and FU1 and by -0.2 days per week (95% CI: -0.3, -0.0) between baseline and FU2. Dinner intake decreased by -0.1 days per week (95% CI: -0.2, -0.0) between baseline and both FU1 and FU2. Only minor differences in risk substance use were observed. Similar changes were observed in analyses stratified by age and sex.CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle behaviors in Swedish university students slightly improved during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04465435 . 10/07/2020.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Onell, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary habits in adolescent male and female handball players : the Swedish Handball Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open sport & exercise medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2055-7647. ; 9:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study aimed to describe dietary habits in Swedish adolescent handball players and differences with respect to sex and school grade.MethodsParticipants in the Swedish Handball Cohort answered a web-survey assessing adherence to sports nutrition recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood, food exclusions and use of dietary supplements. Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalised linear models, generating prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CIs.ResultsA total of 1040 participants (16.6 +/- 0.9 years, 51% males) were included. Overall, 70% and 90%, respectively, met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, whereas adherence to recommended carbohydrate intake during training/game was met by 17%. Adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables and fish/seafood was met by 16% and 37%, respectively. Twenty-eight per cent reported using dietary supplements. Females reported lower frequency of meals, especially morning snacks (-0.6 days/week (95% CI -0.3 to -0.9)) and evening snacks (-0.8 days/week (95% CI -0.5 to -1.1)), higher prevalence of exclusions due to intolerances (PR 1.66 (95% CI 1.31 to 2.01)) and other reasons (PR 1.36 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.64)), higher adherence to the NNR for fruits/vegetables (PR 2.30 (95% CI 1.98 to 2.62)) and use of micronutrient supplements (PR 1.72 (95% CI 1.43 to 2.00)) compared with males. Only small differences were observed between school grades.ConclusionsSwedish adolescent handball players' dietary habits are fairly in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations but not the NNR. Females appear to display more restrictive habits than males.
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| 13. |
- Onell, Clara
(författare)
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Lifestyle behaviors and musculoskeletal conditions in university students and high school athletes
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Musculoskeletal conditions impose a large burden of disability in young populations. University students are prone to neck and back pain, with potential negative impact on physical, mental, and academic functioning. In adolescent athletes, musculoskeletal injuries are common and may result in discontinued sports participation as well as impaired physical and mental health. University students and adolescent athletes tend to have unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. University students report unhealthy behaviors such as high sitting time, low physical activity levels and unhealthy dietary habits. Adolescent athletes are physically active but tend to have inadequate dietary habits in relation to their physiological demands, including insufficient intakes of total energy and carbohydrates.Identifying modifiable risk factors for musculoskeletal conditions is the first step towards prevention, and knowledge about the role of lifestyle behaviors for these conditions is limited. The overarching purpose with this doctoral thesis was to deepen the knowledge about lifestyle behaviors and their role for the risk of musculoskeletal conditions in university students and high school athletes.Methods, results, and conclusions: Study I and II are based on the Sustainable UNiversity Life (SUN) study, a cohort study including 4262 students at Swedish universities. The participants reported different aspects of health, lifestyle behaviors and attitudes through web-surveys every third month for one year in 2019-2021.In Study I, the aim was to assess changes in lifestyle behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to before, in 1877 university students (73% women, mean age 26.5 ± 6.8 years). Physical activity levels, sitting time, meal frequency and risk use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were measured at a pre-pandemic baseline and at two periods during the first six months of the pandemic, the follow-up 1 (FU1) and follow-up 2 (FU2). Population means and differences with 95% confidence interval (CI) in lifestyle behaviors were calculated with generalized estimating equations. The study found that weekly exercise decreased by -7.7 minutes (95% CI -12.6, -2.8) whereas weekly daily activities increased by 14.2 minutes (95% CI 7.9, 20.5) between the pre-pandemic baseline and FU2. Furthermore, daily sitting time decreased by -1.4 hours (95% CI -1.7, -1.2) during this period. Small changes were observed for meal frequency, whereas for risk use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs, changes were only minor. The conclusion of Study I is that lifestyle behaviors in Swedish university students slightly improved during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before.In Study II, the aim was to assess the association between an unhealthy lifestyle and incident activity-limiting neck/back problems (ALNBP) in university students. Physical inactivity, high sitting time, meal skipping, and risky use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were combined into an unhealthy lifestyle, categorized as ≥3 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. A total of 3492 university students (60% women, mean age 24.5 ± 6.0 years) without ALNBP the past three months at baseline were included. Cox regression models were built to assess the association between an unhealthy lifestyle and incident ALNBP, reported as a hazard rate ratio (HRR). Being exposed to an unhealthy lifestyle generated a HRR of 1.35 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.63) of ALNBP, compared to not being exposed to an unhealthy lifestyle. The conclusion of Study II is that an unhealthy lifestyle is associated with incident activity-limiting neck/back problems in university students.Study III and IV are based on the Swedish Handball Cohort (SHC), a cohort study including 1334 adolescent handball players enrolled to a handball-profiled high school in Sweden. Participants responded to a baseline web-survey with questions about current and previous injuries, training, and dietary habits, among others, in the beginning of the handball season in 2020/2021, 2021/2022 and 2022/2023.Participants were monitored weekly throughout the handball season with questions about their amount of handball training and matches the preceding week, sleep habits, injuries, and injury consequences, among others, reported through a mobile application.In Study III, the aim was to describe dietary habits in 1040 adolescent handball players enrolled in the SHC seasons 2020/2021 or 2021/2022 (51% males, mean age 16.6 ± 0.9 years). Differences with respect to sex and school grade were estimated with generalized linear models, generating a prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% CI. Overall, 70% and 90% of the participants met recommendations for meal frequency and meal timing, respectively, whereas adherence to recommended provision of carbohydrates was met by 17%. Sixteen percent adhered to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) for fruits/vegetables of ≥500 grams per week, whereas 37% adhered to the recommendations for fish/seafood of ≥2 times per week. Use of dietary supplements was reported by 28% of the participants, and 20% reported food exclusions due to other reasons than intolerances. Females reported a lower frequency of all meals, especially morning snacks and evening snacks. Also, a higher prevalence of food exclusions was observed in females, with a PR of 1.66 (95% CI 1.31to 2.01) for exclusions due to intolerances and a PR of 1.36 (95% CI 1.08, 1.64) for exclusions due to other reasons. Females also reported a higher adherence to fruits/vegetables recommendations with a PR of 2.30 (95% CI 1.98, 2.62) and use of micronutrient supplements to a larger extent with a PR of 1.72 (95% CI 1.43, 2.00), compared to their male counterparts. Small differences were observed with respect to school grade. The conclusion of Study III is that Swedish adolescent handball players’ dietary habits are somewhat in accordance with sports nutrition recommendations whereas adherence to provision of carbohydrates during matches and the NNR for fruit/vegetables and fish/seafood is low. Females seem to display more restrictive dietary habits compared to males.In Study IV, the aim was to assess the association between dietary habits and incident knee/shoulder injuries in 1144 adolescent handball players in season 2020/2021, 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 of the SHC without a knee or shoulder injury at baseline (1703 player seasons, 53% males, mean age 16.7 ± 0.9 years). Cox regression analyses estimated a HRR with the first event of a knee/shoulder injury as the outcome. A moderate-high nutritional quality, in accordance with the NNR, generated a HRR of 1.46 (95% CI 1.08, 1.98) for knee/shoulder injuries compared to low nutritional quality in adolescent female handball players. Also, ≥2 unfavorable dietary habits in relation to sports nutrition recommendations generated a HRR of 1.38 (95% CI 1.02, 1.86) compared to 1 unfavorable dietary habit in females. For poor meal timing, adjusted analyses generated a HRR of 1.20 (95% CI 0.90, 1.61) in females, compared to adequate meal timing. In adolescent male handball players, analyses generated a HRR of 1.23 (95% CI 0.69, 2.17) for low meal frequency compared to high meal frequency and a HRR of 0.83 (95% CI 0.60, 1.15) for poor meal timing. Menstrual dysfunction was assessed in females with no use of hormonal contraceptives, as a proxy for low energy availability, however, no associations were found between menstrual dysfunction and incident injuries in these females. The conclusion of Study IV is that a moderate-high nutritional quality and having more than one unfavorable dietary habit is associated with higher rate of incident knee/shoulder injuries in adolescent female handball players, while there are no or unprecise associations for meal frequency, meal timing and menstrual dysfunction. In adolescent male handball players, there are no clear associations between dietary habits and incident injuries.Overall conclusion: This doctoral thesis sheds light on aspects of lifestyle behaviors in university students and high school athletes. Population-specific unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are common in university students and high school athletes. These behaviors seem to be of importance for the risk of musculoskeletal conditions.
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| 15. |
- Onell, Clara, et al.
(författare)
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Work ability and psychological distress in a working population : results from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:4, s. 595-601
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Psychological distress is a global public health concern with individual and societal implications causing work-related disability and loss of productivity. It is less known how much work ability contributes to the development of psychological distress. This study aimed to assess the association between self-perceived physical and mental work ability in relation to job demands, and the incidence of psychological distress in a Swedish working population.Methods: Data were obtained from three subsamples of the Stockholm Public Health Cohort with baseline in 2010 and follow-up in 2014, based on a working population in Stockholm County aged 18–60 years, with no or mild psychological distress at baseline (n=29,882). Self-perceived physical and mental work ability in relation to job demands were assessed at baseline with a subscale from the Work Ability Index. Study participants scoring 4 or more on the General Health Questionnaire 12 at follow-up were classified as having developed psychological distress during the study period. Poisson log linear regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals.Results: At follow-up, 2543 participants (12%) had developed psychological distress. Reporting poor physical and/or poor mental work ability in relation to job demands at baseline was associated with an almost doubled rate ratio of psychological distress at follow-up, compared to reporting good work ability (rate ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.0).Conclusions: Poor work ability is associated with a higher incidence of future psychological distress compared to good work ability.
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| 16. |
- Skillgate, Eva, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Non-preferred work and the incidence of spinal pain and psychological distress : A prospective cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental illness and psychological distress are global concerns. This study aimed to investigate the association between having non-preferred work and the incidence of spinal pain, psychological distress, and spinal pain with concurrent psychological distress, and if associations are modified by sleep disturbance. A prospective study of 4285 participants 23-62 years old was conducted, from years 2007 to 2010. Participants reported their work situation as preferred/non-preferred regarding profession/workplace with a high/low possibility to change. Psychological distress was measured with the General Health Questionnaire 12 and spinal pain with questions about neck/back pain. Binominal regression analyses calculated relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Non-preferred work with a low possibility to change was associated with a higher incidence of spinal pain (RR 1.8; 95% CI 1.2-2.6) and psychological distress (RR 1.8; 95% CI 1.4-2.4) compared to preferred work. The RR was 1.4 (95% CI 0.9-2.1) for spinal pain and 1.3 (95% CI 1.0-1.7) for psychological distress among those with a high possibility to change. Non-preferred work yielded a higher incidence of spinal pain with concurrent psychological distress (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0-3.7). Sleep disturbance did not modify associations. A replication based on newer data is needed to confirm the results. In conclusion, non-preferred work is associated with a higher incidence of spinal pain and psychological distress, especially if the possibility to change job is low.
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