| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Torfinn, et al.
(författare)
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Authors' response
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-1198 .- 1556-4029. ; 68:3, s. 1086-1088
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Gustafsson, Torfinn, et al.
(författare)
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The utility of histology in assessing the cause of death in medico-legal autopsies in selected trauma deaths : suspension-, immersion-, fire-, and traffic-related
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Forensic Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-1198 .- 1556-4029. ; 68:2, s. 509-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of a medico-legal autopsy is primarily to determine the cause and manner of death. To this end, the pathologist often uses auxiliary analyses, including histology. However, the utility of routine histology in all medico-legal autopsies is unknown. Earlier studies on the utility of routine histology have shown inconsistent effects, with some studies recommending it and others rejecting it. To study the degree to which histology informs on the underlying cause of death, we sent autopsy reports from suspension-, immersion-, fire-, and traffic-related deaths to senior board-certified forensic pathologists and had them assess the cause of death, first without knowledge of the histological findings and then with knowledge thereof. Fifty cases were identified in each of four subgroups: fire-, immersion-, suspension-, and traffic-related deaths. The autopsy reports were anonymized, and the histological findings and conclusions were removed. Two board-certified forensic pathologists independently reviewed the reports in each subgroup and assessed the manner and underlying cause of death (including their certainty of this assessment on a five-level scale) with and without access to histological findings. The probability of changing the underlying cause of death posthistology was low in all study groups. There was a slight increase in the degree of certainty posthistology in cases where the underlying cause of death was not changed, but only when the antehistology certainty was low. Our results suggest that histology does not meaningfully inform on the underlying cause of death in suspension-, immersion-, fire-, and traffic-related deaths except when antehistology certainty is low.
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| 4. |
- Jans, Anders, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of the DSS-Swe Questionnaire
- 2023
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Ingår i: Obesity Surgery. - : Springer. - 0960-8923 .- 1708-0428. ; 33:11, s. 3487-3493
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Symptomatic postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) is a known complication that can occur a few years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). There is currently no established rating scale for PBH-associated symptoms developed for use in Swedish populations. The aim of the study was to translate an already existing questionnaire into Swedish and to test its reliability.METHODS: The study included forward and backward translations of the original Dumping Severity Scale (DSS) questionnaire with 8 items regarding symptoms of early dumping and 6 items regarding hypoglycemia, with each item graded on a 4-point Likert scale. The reliability of the Swedish translated questionnaire (DSS-Swe) was estimated using internal consistency and test-retest methods.RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Good internal consistency was demonstrated regarding the items related to early dumping symptoms, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82, and very good agreement in terms of test-retest reliability, with an overall intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.91 (95% CI 0.88-0.93). The items related to hypoglycemia yielded a good Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.76 and an ICC of 0.89 (95% CI 0.85-0.91).CONCLUSION: The DSS-Swe questionnaire shows good reliability regarding both internal consistency and test-retest performance for use in Swedish populations.
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| 5. |
- Ottosson, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Diverse ecological roles within fungal communities in decomposing logs of Picea abies
- 2015
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0168-6496 .- 1574-6941. ; 91:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungal communities in Norway spruce (Picea abies) logs in two forests in Sweden were investigated by 454-sequence analyses and by examining the ecological roles of the detected taxa. We also investigated the relationship between fruit bodies and mycelia in wood and whether community assembly was affected by how the dead wood was formed. Fungal communities were highly variable in terms of phylogenetic composition and ecological roles: 1910 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected; 21% were identified to species level. In total, 58% of the OTUs were ascomycetes and 31% basidiomycetes. Of the 231 337 reads, 38% were ascomycetes and 60% basidiomycetes. Ecological roles were assigned to 35% of the OTUs, accounting for 62% of the reads. Wood-decaying fungi were the most common group; however, other saprotrophic, mycorrhizal, lichenized, parasitic and endophytic fungi were also common. Fungal communities in logs formed by stem breakage were different to those in logs originating from butt breakage or uprooting. DNA of specific species was detected in logs many years after the last recorded fungal fruiting. Combining taxonomic identification with knowledge of ecological roles may provide valuable insights into properties of fungal communities; however, precise ecological information about many fungal species is still lacking.
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| 6. |
- Stenberg, Erik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Closure of mesenteric defects in laparoscopic gastric bypass : a multicentre, randomised, parallel, open-label trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 387:10026, s. 1397-1404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Small bowel obstruction due to internal hernia is a common and potentially serious complication after laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery. Whether closure of surgically created mesenteric defects might reduce the incidence is unknown, so we did a large randomised trial to investigate.Method: This study was a multicentre, randomised trial with a two-arm, parallel design done at 12 centres for bariatric surgery in Sweden. Patients planned for laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery at any of the participating centres were off ered inclusion. During the operation, a concealed envelope was opened and the patient was randomly assigned to either closure of mesenteric defects beneath the jejunojejunostomy and at Petersen's space or non-closure. After surgery, assignment was open label. The main outcomes were reoperation for small bowel obstruction and severe postoperative complications. Outcome data and safety were analysed in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, number NCT01137201.Findings: Between May 1, 2010, and Nov 14, 2011, 2507 patients were recruited to the study and randomly assigned to closure of the mesenteric defects (n= 1259) or non-closure (n= 1248). 2503 (99.8%) patients had follow-up for severe postoperative complications at day 30 and 2482 (99.0%) patients had follow-up for reoperation due to small bowel obstruction at 25 months. At 3 years after surgery, the cumulative incidence of reoperation because of small bowel obstruction was signifi cantly reduced in the closure group (cumulative probability 0.055 for closure vs 0.102 for non-closure, hazard ratio 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.76, p= 0.0002). Closure of mesenteric defects increased the risk for severe postoperative complications (54 [4.3%] for closure vs 35 [2.8%] for non-closure, odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.39, p= 0.044), mainly because of kinking of the jejunojejunostomy.Interpretation: The results of our study support the routine closure of the mesenteric defects in laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery. However, closure of the mesenteric defects might be associated with increased risk of early small bowel obstruction caused by kinking of the jejunojejunostomy.
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| 7. |
- Stenberg, Erik, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Closure of Mesenteric Defects in Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery : A Randomized Clinical Trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA Surgery. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6254 .- 2168-6262. ; 158:7, s. 709-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE: Short-term and midterm data suggest that mesenteric defects closure during laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) surgery reduces the risk of internal herniation with small bowel obstruction (SBO) but may increase risk of kinking of the jejunojejunostomy in the early postoperative period. However, to our knowledge, there are no clinical trials reporting long-term results from this intervention in terms of risk for SBO or opioid use.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy outcomes of closure of mesenteric defects during LRYGB.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This randomized clinical trial with a 2-arm, parallel, open-label design included patients with severe obesity scheduled for LRYGB bariatric surgery at 12 centers in Sweden from May 1, 2010, through November 14, 2011, with 10 years of follow-up after the intervention. INTERVENTIONS: During the operation, patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to closure of mesenteric defects beneath the jejunojejunostomy and at the Petersen space using nonabsorbable running sutures during LRYGB or to nonclosure.MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was reoperation for SBO. New incident, chronic opioid use was a secondary end point as a measure of harm.RESULTS: A total of 2507 patients (mean [SD] age, 41.7 [10.7] years; 1863 female [74.3%]) were randomly assigned to closure of mesenteric defects (n = 1259) or nonclosure (n = 1248). After censoring for death and emigration, 1193 patients in the closure group (94.8%) and 1198 in the nonclosure group (96.0%) were followed up until the study closed. Over a median follow-up of 10 years (IQR, 10.0-10.0 years), a reoperation for SBO from day 31 to 10 years after surgery was performed in 185 patients with nonclosure (10-year cumulative incidence, 14.9%; 95% CI, 13.0%-16.9%) and in 98 patients with closure (10-year cumulative incidence, 7.8%; 95% CI, 6.4%-9.4%) (subhazard ratio [SHR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.32-0.55). New incident chronic opioid use was seen among 175 of 863 opioid-naive patients with nonclosure (10-year cumulative incidence, 20.4%; 95% CI, 17.7%-23.0%) and 166 of 895 opioid-naive patients with closure (10-year cumulative incidence, 18.7%; 95% CI, 16.2%-21.3%) (SHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.73-1.11).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This randomized clinical trial found long-term reduced risk of SBO after mesenteric defects closure in LRYGB. The findings suggest that routine use of this procedure during LRYGB should be considered.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01137201.
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| 8. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Some lessons from Swedish midwives' experiences of approaching women smokers in antenatal care
- 2005
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 21:4, s. 335-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to describe the qualitatively different ways in which midwives make sense of how to approach women smokers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: a more person-centred national project 'Smoke-free pregnancy' has been in progress in Sweden since 1992. Using a phenomenographic approach, 24 midwives who have been regularly working in antenatal care were interviewed about addressing smoking during pregnancy. FINDINGS: four different story types of how the midwives made sense of their experiences in addressing smoking in pregnancy were identified: 'avoiding', 'informing', 'friend-making', 'co-operating'. KEY CONCLUSION: the midwives' story types about how they approached women who smoke illustrated the difficulties of changing from being an expert who gives information and advice to being an expert on how to enable a woman in finding out why she smoked and how to stop smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: health education about smoking that is built on co-operation and dialogue was seen by the midwives as a productive way of working. The starting point should be the lay perspective of a woman, which means that her thoughts about smoking cessation are given the space to grow while she talks.
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| 9. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Some lessons from Swedish midwives' experiences of approaching women smokers in antenatal care.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3099 .- 0266-6138. ; 21:Jul 14, s. 335-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: to describe the qualitatively different ways in which midwives make sense of how to approach women smokers. Design, setting and participants: a more person-centred national project 'Smoke-free pregnancy' has been in progress in Sweden since 1992. Using a phenomenographic approach, 24 midwives who have been regularly working in antenatal care were interviewed about addressing smoking during pregnancy. Findings: four different story types of how the midwives made sense of their experiences in addressing smoking in pregnancy were identified: 'avoiding', 'informing', 'friend-making', 'co-operating'. Key conclusion: the midwives' story types about how they approached women who smoke illustrated the difficulties of changing from being an expert who gives information and advice to being an expert on how to enable a woman in finding out why she smoked and how to stop smoking. Implications for practice: health education about smoking that is built on cooperation and dialogue was seen by the midwives as a productive way of working. The starting point should be the lay perspective of a woman, which means that her thoughts about smoking cessation are given the space to grow while she talks.
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| 10. |
- Ahlén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Wireless IP - a new PCC project
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proc. PCC Workshop, Lund, Sweden. ; , s. 100-101
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Ahmadpour, Doryaneh, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Robustness analysis of HOG pathway genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2006
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Ingår i: YSBN Meeting Nov. 14-16, 2006- Vienna- Austria.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Robustness analysis of HOG pathway genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Doryaneh Ahmadpour1, Lars-Göran Ottosson1, Markus Krantz2, Jonas Warringer1, Anders Blomberg1 and Stefan Hohmann1* 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology/Microbiology, Göteborg University, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden 2 The Systems Biology Institute (SBI), Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan E-mail: doryaneh.ahmadpour@gmm.gu.se Robustness is a fundamental property of biological systems and crucial for their effective function under internal or external perturbations. For instance, it has been proposed that internal parameters such as gene expression have been optimized during evolution such that a given system has the observed robustness. The permissible ranges of internal parameters in the cells are not comprehensively understood since there has not been a technique to measure such parameters. “Genetic tug-of-war” (gTOW) [1] is a genetic screening method that allows the investigation of the upper limit copy number of genes, and thereby the upper permissible range of gene expression level. This method is based on a 2-micron plasmid vector containing the leu2d allele with a very weak complementation activity and the gene of interest inserted as target gene. When the leu2ura3 deletion yeast cells transformed with pTOW plasmid are cultured under leucine-limiting conditions, there will be a bias toward increasing the plasmid copy number to compensate for the lack of leucine. On the other hand there will be an opposing bias toward decreasing the plasmid copy number if the target gene inhibits growth or has a toxic effect when a certain copy number is exceeded (it reaches to its upper limit). Eventually as a result of the “tug-of-war” between these two selection biases cells with optimized plasmid copy number will be concentrated. In this study we have applied the gTOW method on 29 HOG pathway related genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK pathway is essential for yeast survival in high osmolarity condition and consists of two branches that activate a MAPK (Hog1) via a MAPKK (Pbs2) to orchestrate part of the transcriptional response. The HOG pathway is the best understood osmoresponsive system in eukaryotes and the quantitative data provided by the gTOW method collating with the existing computational models could be used to analyze the robustness and fragility of the pathway. 1. Hisao Moriya, Yuki Shimizu-Yoshida and Hiroaki Kitano, 2006, PLoS Genetics, 2:7
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| 12. |
- Ahmadpour, Doryaneh, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Robustness analysis of HOG pathway related genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- 2007
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Ingår i: FEBS-SysBio March 10-16, 2007- Gosau, Austria.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Robustness analysis of HOG pathway related genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Doryaneh Ahmadpour1, Lars-Göran Ottosson1, Markus Krantz2, Jonas Warringer1, Anders Blomberg1 and Stefan Hohmann1* 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology/Microbiology, Göteborg University, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden 2 The Systems Biology Institute (SBI), Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan E-mail: doryaneh.ahmadpour@gmm.gu.se Robustness is a fundamental property of biological systems and crucial for their effective function under internal or external perturbations. For instance, it has been proposed that internal parameters such as gene expression have been optimized during evolution such that a given system has the observed robustness. The permissible ranges of internal parameters in the cells are not comprehensively understood since there has not been a technique to measure such parameters. “Genetic tug-of-war” (gTOW) [1] is a genetic screening approach that allows the determination of the upper limit copy number of genes, and thereby the upper permissible range of the level of gene expression. This method is based on a 2-micron plasmid vector containing the LEU2d allele with a very weak complementation activity and the gene of interest inserted as target gene. When the leu2 ura3 mutant yeast transformed with pTOW plasmids is cultured under leucine-limiting conditions, there will be a bias toward increasing the plasmid copy number to satisfy the requirement for leucine. On the other hand there will be an opposing bias toward decreasing the plasmid copy number if the target gene inhibits growth when a certain copy number is exceeded (i.e. it reaches its upper limit). Eventually as a result of the “tug-of-war” between these two selection biases cells with optimized plasmid copy number will accumulate. In this study we have applied the gTOW method on 29 HOG pathway genes in S. cerevisiae. The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK pathway is essential for yeast survival in high osmolarity condition [2]. It consists of two branches that activate a MAPK (Hog1) to orchestrate part of the transcriptional response. The HOG pathway is the best understood osmoresponsive system in eukaryotes. The quantitative data provided by the gTOW method collating with the existing computational models [3] could be used to analyze the robustness and fragility of the pathway. 1. Moriya H, et al., (2006), PLoS Genet 2(7): e111 2. Hohmann S (2002), Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 66:300 3. Klipp E, et al., (2005), Nat Biotechnol 23:975
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bagher, Ali Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome after red trauma alarm at an urban Swedish hospital: Implications for prevention.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 43:5, s. 506-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We applied the new injury severity scoring system and studied mechanisms of injury and risk factors for mortality, in order to find potential preventive measures, in the present Scandinavian trauma cohort triaged through red trauma alarm according to the Medical Emergency Triage and Treatment System.
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| 15. |
- Bagher, Ali Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-economic status and major trauma in a Scandinavian urban city: A population-based case-control study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 44:2, s. 217-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological studies of patients with major trauma, including both hospitalized and immediately deceased whom are undergoing medico-legal autopsy, are very rare. We studied the incidence and mortality of major trauma in all 10 districts in the Scandinavian city of Malmö, Sweden, and the association between socio-economic status and major trauma.
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| 16. |
- Benediktsdottir, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation of meta-sulfonamidobenzamide-based antibacterial LpxH inhibitors
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- New antibacterial compounds are urgently needed, especially for infections caused by the top-priority Gram-negative bacteria that are increasingly difficult to treat. Lipid A is a key component of the Gram-negative outer membrane and the LpxH enzyme plays an important role in its biosynthesis, making it an ideal antibacterial target. Inspired by previously reported ortho-N-methyl-sulfonamidobenzamide-based LpxH inhibitors, novel benzamide substitutions were explored in this work to assess their in vitro activity. Our findings reveal that maintaining wild-type antibacterial activity necessitates N-methyl removal when shifting the ortho-N-methyl-sulfonamide to the meta-position. This discovery led to the synthesis of meta-sulfonamidobenzamide analogs with potent antibacterial activity and enzyme inhibition. Moreover, we demonstrate that modifying the benzamide scaffold can alter hERG blocking. Furthermore, a LpxH-bound X-ray structure of the meta-sulfonamidobenzamide analog facilitated comparison with complexes with ortho-N-methyl-sulfonamidobenzamide analogs, and with the natural enzymatic reaction product lipid X, providing new insights into the enzyme-ligand interactions. Overall, our study has identified meta-sulfonamidobenzamide derivatives as promising LpxH-targeting hits with the potential for optimization in future antibacterial hit-to-lead programs.
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| 17. |
- Billing-Ottosson, Ann-Marie
(författare)
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Magister Mathias Lincopensis, Exposicio super Apocalypsim : Edited with an Introduction by Ann-Marie Billing-Ottosson
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation contains the first critical edition of Exposicio super Apocalypsim, written by the Swedish 14th century theologian Magister Mathias Lincopensis. The commentary, which covers the first fifteen chapters of St. John's Apocalypse, became well-known especially thanks to Bernardino of Siena and Nicolaus Cusanus, both of whom made copies of it. It is now preserved in 18 MSS, some of them fragmentary. Mathias interpreted the Bible text allegorice, mystice and moraliter. He citicized his own time, the heresies and the decay of the Church. The Cristians will be afflicted by many tribulations and temptations, but God will succour his Church. At the end of the time the Antichrist will come portending the last Judgement, when only a few will be saved. The manuscripts are divided into two groups, the Bernardinian and the so-called independent. This edition is founded on the last group, especially on MS U.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Carlsson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal Performance Testing of a Latent Heat Storage Unit
- 1984
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Ingår i: Proc. of First EC Conference on Solar Heating (D. Reidel Publishing Company) May 1984. ; , s. 910-914
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Présentation des résultats d'essai d'un accumulateur de chaleur latente utilisant l'hexahydrate de chlorure de calcium. Evaluation des performances thermiques mesurées à l'aide d'un modèle de transfert de chaleur quasi stationnaire
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| 20. |
- Chi, Jinshu, et al.
(författare)
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Increasing contribution of peatlands to boreal evapotranspiration in a warming climate
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 10, s. 555-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate warming increases evapotranspiration (ET) more in boreal peatlands than in forests. Observations show that peatland ET can exceed forest ET by up to 30%, indicating a stronger warming response in peatlands. Earth system models do not fully account for peatlands and hence may underestimate future boreal ET.The response of evapotranspiration (ET) to warming is of critical importance to the water and carbon cycle of the boreal biome, a mosaic of land cover types dominated by forests and peatlands. The effect of warming-induced vapour pressure deficit (VPD) increases on boreal ET remains poorly understood because peatlands are not specifically represented as plant functional types in Earth system models. Here we show that peatland ET increases more than forest ET with increasing VPD using observations from 95 eddy covariance tower sites. At high VPD of more than 2 kPa, peatland ET exceeds forest ET by up to 30%. Future (2091-2100) mid-growing season peatland ET is estimated to exceed forest ET by over 20% in about one-third of the boreal biome for RCP4.5 and about two-thirds for RCP8.5. Peatland-specific ET responses to VPD should therefore be included in Earth system models to avoid biases in water and carbon cycle projections.
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| 21. |
- Chi, Jinshu, et al.
(författare)
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The Net Landscape Carbon Balance—Integrating terrestrial and aquatic carbon fluxes in a managed boreal forest landscape in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:4, s. 2353-2367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The boreal biome exchanges large amounts of carbon (C) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) with the atmosphere and thus significantly affects the global climate. A managed boreal landscape consists of various sinks and sources of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC) across forests, mires, lakes, and streams. Due to the spatial heterogeneity, large uncertainties exist regarding the net landscape carbon balance (NLCB). In this study, we compiled terrestrial and aquatic fluxes of CO2, CH4, DOC, DIC, and harvested C obtained from tall-tower eddy covariance measurements, stream monitoring, and remote sensing of biomass stocks for an entire boreal catchment (~68 km2) in Sweden to estimate the NLCB across the land–water–atmosphere continuum. Our results showed that this managed boreal forest landscape was a net C sink (NLCB = 39 g C m−2 year−1) with the landscape–atmosphere CO2 exchange being the dominant component, followed by the C export via harvest and streams. Accounting for the global warming potential of CH4, the landscape was a GHG sink of 237 g CO2-eq m−2 year−1, thus providing a climate-cooling effect. The CH4 flux contribution to the annual GHG budget increased from 0.6% during spring to 3.2% during winter. The aquatic C loss was most significant during spring contributing 8% to the annual NLCB. We further found that abiotic controls (e.g., air temperature and incoming radiation) regulated the temporal variability of the NLCB whereas land cover types (e.g., mire vs. forest) and management practices (e.g., clear-cutting) determined their spatial variability. Our study advocates the need for integrating terrestrial and aquatic fluxes at the landscape scale based on tall-tower eddy covariance measurements combined with biomass stock and stream monitoring to develop a holistic understanding of the NLCB of managed boreal forest landscapes and to better evaluate their potential for mitigating climate change.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Chulapakorn, Thawatchart, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Luminescence of silicon nanoparticles from oxygen implanted silicon
- 2018
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Ingår i: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing. - : Elsevier. - 1369-8001 .- 1873-4081. ; 86, s. 18-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen with a kinetic energy of 20 keV is implanted in a silicon wafer (100) at different fluences, followed by post-implantation thermal annealing (PIA) performed at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1200 degrees C, in order to form luminescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) and also to reduce the damage induced by the implantation. As a result of this procedure, a surface SiOx layer (with 0 < x < 2) with embedded crystalline Si nanoparticles has been created. The samples yield similar luminescence in terms of peak wavelength, lifetime, and absorption as recorded from SiNPs obtained by the more conventional method of implanting silicon into silicon dioxide. The oxygen implantation profile is characterized by elastic recoil detection (ERD) technique to obtain the excess concentration of Si in a presumed SiO2 environment. The physical structure of the implanted Si wafer is examined by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). Photoluminescence (PL) techniques, including PL spectroscopy, time-resolved PL (TRPL), and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy are carried out in order to identify the PL origin. The results show that luminescent SiNPs are formed in a Si sample implanted by oxygen with a fluence of 2 x 10(17) atoms cm(-2) and PIA at 1000 degrees C. These SiNPs have a broad size range of 6-24 nm, as evaluated from the GIXRD result. Samples implanted at a lower fluence and/or annealed at higher temperature show only weak defect-related PL. With further optimization of the SiNP luminescence, the method may offer a simple route for integration of luminescent Si in mainstream semiconductor fabrication.
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| 24. |
- Claesson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Defibrillation before EMS arrival in western Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 35:8, s. 1043-1048
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Bystanders play a vital role in public access defibrillation (PAD) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Dual dispatch of first responders (FR) alongside emergency medical services (EMS) can reduce time to first defibrillation. The aim of this study was to describe the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in OHCAs before EMS arrival.METHODS: All OHCA cases with a shockable rhythm in which an AED was used prior to the arrival of EMS between 2008 and 2015 in western Sweden were eligible for inclusion. Data from the Swedish Register for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (SRCR) were used for analysis, on-site bystander and FR defibrillation were compared with EMS defibrillation in the final analysis.RESULTS: Of the reported 6675 cases, 24% suffered ventricular fibrillation (VF), 162 patients (15%) of all VF cases were defibrillated before EMS arrival, 46% with a public AED on site. The proportion of cases defibrillated before EMS arrival increased from 5% in 2008 to 20% in 2015 (p<0.001). During this period, 30-day survival increased in patients with VF from 22% to 28% (p=0.04) and was highest when an AED was used on site (68%), with a median delay of 6.5min from collapse to defibrillation. Adjusted odds ratio for on-site defibrillation versus dispatched defibrillation for 30-day survival was 2.45 (95% CI: 1.02-5.95).CONCLUSIONS: The use of AEDs before the arrival of EMS increased over time. This was associated with an increased 30-day survival among patients with VF. Thirty-day survival was highest when an AED was used on site before EMS arrival.
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| 25. |
- Claesson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
lntegrated Optical Fiber Sensors in Additive Manufactured Metal Components for Smart Manufacturing Applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Smart Systems Integration; 13th International Conference and Exhibition on Integration Issues of Miniaturized Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work combines fiber optic sensors with additive manufacturing to enable integration of temperature and strain sensors in metal components. In this paper, we present a fiber optic sensor network integrated in press hardening tools to monitor the contact between the tool and the metal sheet during forming operation. The tools are manufactured through metal powder bed fusion using laser melting processes (PBF-SLM), after which the tools are prepared for sensor integration. A demonstrator press hardening tool with integrated fiber optic sensors was heated using an electric heat foil and the sensor measurements was compared to a thermal simulation model. The sensor technology is based on Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), integrated at several positions along the optical fiber. FBGs are in-fiber sensors that are multiplexed. lt is possible to place hundreds of FBG sensors along one single fiber, thus allowing for quasidistributed sensing of temperature or strain. The optical fiber itself can be less than 100 micrometer in diameter, allowing for sensing at several points in a minimally invasive way, when integrated in a tool or component.
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| 26. |
- Dahlberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Svampar Fungi
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2020. - 9789187853548 ; , s. 67-88
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 27. |
- Droeser, R. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy in patients with previous gastric bypass
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Langenbecks Archives of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-2443 .- 1435-2451. ; 402:2, s. 273-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Case reports suggest that patients with previous gastric bypass have an increased risk of severe hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy, but there are no population-based studies. The prevalence of gastric bypass before thyroidectomy and the risk of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy in patients with previous gastric bypass were investigated. Methods By cross-linking The Scandinavian Quality Registry for Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal Surgery with the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry patients operated with total thyroidectomy without concurrent or previous surgery for hyperparathyroidism were identified and grouped according to previous gastric bypass. The risk of treatment with intravenous calcium during hospital stay, and with oral calcium and vitamin D at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively was calculated by using multiple logistic regression in the overall cohort and in a 1:1 nested case-control analysis. Results We identified 6115 patients treated with total thyroidectomy. Out of these, 25 (0.4 %) had undergone previous gastric bypass surgery. In logistic regression, previous gastric bypass was not associated with treatment with i.v. calcium (OR 2.05, 95 % CI 0.48-8.74), or calcium and/or vitamin D at 6 weeks (1.14 (0.39-3.35), 1.31 (0.39-4.42)) or 6 months after total thyroidectomy (1.71 (0.40-7.32), 2.28 (0.53-9.75)). In the nested case-control analysis, rates of treatment for hypocalcemia were similar in patients with and without previous gastric bypass. Conclusion Previous gastric bypass surgery was infrequent in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy and was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative hypocalcemia.
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| 28. |
- Eklöf, Anders, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Instructions, independence, and uncertainty : student framing in self-regulated project work
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Educational Research Journal (online). - 1474-9041 .- 1474-9041. ; 13:6, s. 646-660
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents an approach to student interaction in self-regulated project work. By combining frame analysis and socio-cultural risk theory, the authors explore the importance of students' framing activities as a basis for their understanding of tasks. The increase in self-regulated work in Swedish schools can be seen as being in line with developments in Europe towards more individualisation. The authors argue that their data provide examples of how the global discourse imposes itself on local discourses. This mode of work, as it appears in the material presented in this article, exemplifies how complex assessment ideas have penetrated the school context. The authors emphasise the concepts of uncertainty, risk and complexity in analysing the framing process, and claim that the focus on these concepts is essential in analysing self-regulated work, contributing to better understanding of self-regulated learning processes.
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| 29. |
- Eklöf, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Instructions, independence, and uncertainty : student framing in self-regulated project work
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Educational Research Journal (online). - : SAGE Publications. - 1474-9041. ; 13:6, s. 646-660
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents an approach to student interaction in self-regulated project work. By combining frame analysis and socio-cultural risk theory, the authors explore the importance of students' framing activities as a basis for their understanding of tasks. The increase in self-regulated work in Swedish schools can be seen as being in line with developments in Europe towards more individualisation. The authors argue that their data provide examples of how the global discourse imposes itself on local discourses. This mode of work, as it appears in the material presented in this article, exemplifies how complex assessment ideas have penetrated the school context. The authors emphasise the concepts of uncertainty, risk and complexity in analysing the framing process, and claim that the focus on these concepts is essential in analysing self-regulated work, contributing to better understanding of self-regulated learning processes.
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| 30. |
- Eklöf, Anders M, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Substituents and Counterions on the Structures of Silenolates : A Computational Investigation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Tetrahedron. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-4020 .- 1464-5416. ; 65:28, s. 5521-5526
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structures and charge distributions of substituted silenolates [H2SiC(=O)X](-) (X-H, SiH3, Me, t-Bu, OMe, NMe2; group A), [Y2SiC(=O)H](-) (Y=H, F, Me, Ph, SiH3, SiMe3; group B), and [Y2SiC(=O)X](-) (Y=Me, X=t-Bu, and Y=SiMe3; X=t-Bu, OMe, NMe2; group C) were examined through density functional theory calculations. The effects of the solvated counterion (K+, Li+, or MgCl+) and coordination site (O or Si) on the properties of group C silenolates were also Studied. The variation in the degree of pi-conjugative reverse SiC bond polarization, Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) calculated by natural resonance theory, was determined. The Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) correlated with r(SiC) for both group A and B silenolates, and the correlation between Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) and the Sum of valence angles at Si, Sigma alpha(Si), was good for group A but poor for group B due to strong influence of the inductive effect. The SiC charge difference correlated well with Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) for group A, but not for group B, again an effect of inductive substituent effects. The group C silenolates were Coordinated to Li(THF)(3)(+), MgCl(THF)(4)(+), and K(THF)(5)(+) either via the O or Si atom. The coordination energies show that coordination to the hard O is preferred for Li+ and MgCl+, but the K+ ion coordinated simultaneously to Si and O. Coordination of the solvated metal ion to O resulted in shorter SiC bond length, an increased Sigma alpha(Si) value, and lower Delta q(SiC) when compared to the naked silenolate. Choice Of counterion and substituent provides a means to extensively vary the properties of silenolates such as their reactivity.
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| 31. |
- Eklöf, Anders M., 1977-
(författare)
-
Lowcoordinated Silicon and Hypercoordinated Carbon : Structure and Stability of Silicon Analogs of Alkenes and Carbon Analogs of Silicates
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Quantum chemical studies on lowcoordinated group 14-16 compounds have been performed. This thesis focuses particularly on silenes influenced by reverse Siδ-=Cδ+ bond polarization. Hypercoordinated carbon compounds are also studied. The geometries from calculations with several common computationally inexpensive methods have been tested against high level CCSD/cc-pVTZ geometries for a series of substituted silenes. Hybrid HF/DFT methods performed best among the inexpensive methods tested for silenes. Heavy alkenes strongly influenced by reverse polarization are found to have less exothermic dimerization energies for both head-to-head and head-to-tail dimerizations, and to have higher activation energies for water addition than naturally polarized heavy alkenes. We also investigated solvated lithium, magnesium and potassium silenolates and found that lithium and magnesium ions coordinate preferably to O, giving their SiC bond some double bond character. Reverse polarized 2-siloxy-, 2-thiosiloxy-, and 2-(N-sila-N-methyl)-silenes could according to calculations be formed thermolytically from the corresponding tetrasilanes as transient species. It was, however, found that silenes highly influenced by π-conjugative reverse polarization have low barriers for the back-reaction, and thus these silenes are more difficult to form as stable species than naturally polarized silenes. It is also found that conjugated 1-siladienes, formed by electrocyclic ring-opening of 1-silacyclobut-2-enes, which are highly influenced by π-conjugative reverse polarization, have higher barriers for electrocyclization back to starting material than naturally polarized 1-siladienes. It is found that CHe54+, CHe64+, CNe54+, and CNe64+ are the closest carbon analogs of SiH5-, SiH62-, SiF5- and SiF62-, respectively. However, due to their exothermic dissociation reaction, these very high-lying local minima will be impossible to reach experimentally.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Eklöf, Anders M, et al.
(författare)
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Relation between the pi-Contribution to Reversed Si=C Bond Polarization and the Reaction Profile for the Thermolytic Formation of Silenes
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Organometallics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0276-7333 .- 1520-6041. ; 27:20, s. 5203-5211
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A quantum chemical investigation of the reaction profiles for the thermal formation of silenes Z(2)Si=C(XSiH3)Y from silanes Z(2)(H3Si)Si-C(=X)Y (X = O, S, NMe; Y = NMe2, OMe, SMe, Me; Z = SiH3, Me) has been performed. Focus was put on the influence of the pi-conjugative contribution to reversed Si=C bond polarization (Si delta-=C delta+) as determined by natural resonance theory (NRT) at the B3LYP density functional theory level. Good linear correlations between the weights of pi-conjugated reverse polarized resonance structures (Sigma Phi(RP)(pi)) in the electronic structure and the Si=C bond lengths were found for the two classes of silenes with Z = SiH3 and Me (r(2) = 0.957 and 0.955, respectively). Silenes that are strongly influenced by the pi-conjugative reverse polarization have low barriers for back-reaction to the silanes, making these silenes more difficult to isolate when formed through a [1,3]-silyl shift than those that are naturally polarized. Modest exponential dependencies of the activation barriers for the reverse reactions on Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) are found (r(2) = 0.685 for Z = SiH3 and r(2) = 0.699 for Z = Me). Species with the silyl groups replaced by trimethylsilyl groups, e.g., the Brook-type silene (Me3Si)(2)Si=C(OSi-Me-3)t-Bu, have lower contributions of Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) by 3-23% than the corresponding model silenes, a result of steric bulk. The weight Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) to the electronic structure of (Me3Si)(2)Si=C(OSiMe3)t-Bu was calculated to be 7.4%. With Z = Me, the silenes are in general not equally influenced by Sigma Phi(RP)(pi) as with Z = SiH3, their energies relative to the silanes are higher, and they have higher activation barriers for both forward and backward reactions.
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| 34. |
- Eklöf, Anders, 1956-
(författare)
-
Project work, independence and critical thinking
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis studies how students do projects in a Swedish upper secondaryschool. The students have to produce products and at the same time provethem self as independent in relation to the teachers, and negotiate therequirements of the project setting and the written instructions within thegroup. The study focuses on what comes out as problematic for the students,how they solve these dilemma situations and what resources are used in orderto do so.A choice was made only to analyse student group interaction in parts ofthe project process where the teachers were not physically present thus fillinga research gap.The empirical material was collected during three years in sex secondaryschool classes through filmed sessions of groups or pairs working with theirproject.Each of the four articles primarily focuses a special dilemma; structure,independence, instructions and critical thinking. By combining Goffman’sframe analysis with the concepts of risk and uncertainty from a Risk – societyperspective, issues related to what it means to do project work asindependent, critical 21st-century learner are illustrated and discussed.The choice to look only at situations in which students have to managewithout the aid of a physically present teacher illuminates several practicalconsequences like an unwillingness to go to the teacher and ask questions andan increased concentration on and interpretation of the written instructions. Adevelopment of Miller and Parlett’s (1974) discussion of student approach tocues are suggested. The concept of the cue choosing student are constructedin order to better respond to demands from an individualised interactionsociety. The study also emphasises how the students have to balance differentframeworks in order to be both authors and assessed students. Byimplementing a risk society perspective new ways of analysing andunderstanding independence and classroom interaction is suggested and arecontextualization of critical thinking proposed.
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| 35. |
- Eklöf, Anders
(författare)
-
Project work, independence and critical thinking
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This thesis studies how students do projects in a Swedish upper secondaryschool. The students have to produce products and at the same time provethem self as independent in relation to the teachers, and negotiate therequirements of the project setting and the written instructions within thegroup. The study focuses on what comes out as problematic for the students,how they solve these dilemma situations and what resources are used in orderto do so.A choice was made only to analyse student group interaction in parts ofthe project process where the teachers were not physically present thus fillinga research gap.The empirical material was collected during three years in sex secondaryschool classes through filmed sessions of groups or pairs working with theirproject.Each of the four articles primarily focuses a special dilemma; structure,independence, instructions and critical thinking. By combining Goffman’sframe analysis with the concepts of risk and uncertainty from a Risk – societyperspective, issues related to what it means to do project work asindependent, critical 21st-century learner are illustrated and discussed.The choice to look only at situations in which students have to managewithout the aid of a physically present teacher illuminates several practicalconsequences like an unwillingness to go to the teacher and ask questions andan increased concentration on and interpretation of the written instructions. Adevelopment of Miller and Parlett’s (1974) discussion of student approach tocues are suggested. The concept of the cue choosing student are constructedin order to better respond to demands from an individualised interactionsociety. The study also emphasises how the students have to balance differentframeworks in order to be both authors and assessed students. Byimplementing a risk society perspective new ways of analysing andunderstanding independence and classroom interaction is suggested and arecontextualization of critical thinking proposed.
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| 36. |
- Ekström, Karin M., et al.
(författare)
-
Consumer Behavior : classical and contemporary perspectives
- 2017. - 1
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Consumer Behavior: Classical and Contemporary Perspectives provides a basic understanding of the subject of consumer behavior. A better understanding in terms of why and how people consume is particularly relevant in today’s society since consumption has become an increasingly important part of people’s lives.This book differs from most previous textbooks by describing the subject of consumer behavior based on two comprehensive theoretical fields: theories concerning consumer psychology and decision-making, and theories concerning consumer culture and practices. These two perspectives complement one another and contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of consumption. Furthermore, the book has a sustainability perspective. The impact of consumption on the environment is important to highlight, not least with regard to future generations. The book also has a consumer perspective in that the consumer is not seen as a passive recipient of offers, but rather as an active actor who must be given the opportunity to make his or her voice heard. A better understanding of consumers’ different living conditions and the situations they encounter will give companies and other organizations a better chance to reach out to consumers and meet their needs.Consumer Behavior is also available in Swedish, published by Studentlitteratur.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Eriksson, Susanna K., et al.
(författare)
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Solvent Dependence of the Electronic Structure of I- and I-3(-)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 118:11, s. 3164-3174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present synchrotron-based I4d photoelectron spectroscopy experiments of solutions from LiI and LiI3 in water, ethanol, and acetonitrile. The experimentally determined solvent-induced binding energy shifts (SIBES) for the monatomic I- anion are compared to predictions from simple Born theory, PCM calculations, as well as multiconfigurational quantum chemical spectral calculations from geometries obtained through molecular dynamics of solvated clusters. We show that the SIBES for I- explicitly depend on the details of the hydrogen bonding configurations of the solvent to the I- and that static continuum models such as the Born model cannot capture the trends in the SIBES observed both in experiments and in higher-level calculations. To extend the discussion to more complex polyatomic anions, we also performed experiments on I-3(-) and I-/I-3(-) mixtures in different solvents and the results are analyzed in the perspective of SIBES. The experimental SIBES values indicate that the solvation effects even for such similar anions as I- and I-3(-) can be rather different in nature.
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| 39. |
- Fadista, Joao, et al.
(författare)
-
Global genomic and transcriptomic analysis of human pancreatic islets reveals novel genes influencing glucose metabolism.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 111:38, s. 13924-13929
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variation can modulate gene expression, and thereby phenotypic variation and susceptibility to complex diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here we harnessed the potential of DNA and RNA sequencing in human pancreatic islets from 89 deceased donors to identify genes of potential importance in the pathogenesis of T2D. We present a catalog of genetic variants regulating gene expression (eQTL) and exon use (sQTL), including many long noncoding RNAs, which are enriched in known T2D-associated loci. Of 35 eQTL genes, whose expression differed between normoglycemic and hyperglycemic individuals, siRNA of tetraspanin 33 (TSPAN33), 5'-nucleotidase, ecto (NT5E), transmembrane emp24 protein transport domain containing 6 (TMED6), and p21 protein activated kinase 7 (PAK7) in INS1 cells resulted in reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, we provide a genome-wide catalog of allelic expression imbalance, which is also enriched in known T2D-associated loci. Notably, allelic imbalance in paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3) was associated with its promoter methylation and T2D status. Finally, RNA editing events were less common in islets than previously suggested in other tissues. Taken together, this study provides new insights into the complexity of gene regulation in human pancreatic islets and better understanding of how genetic variation can influence glucose metabolism.
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| 40. |
- Franz, D, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards long-term standardised carbon and greenhouse gas observations for monitoring Europe´s terrestrial ecosystems: a review
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Agrophysics. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0236-8722 .- 2300-8725. ; 32, s. 439-455
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research infrastructures play a key role in launching a new generation of integrated long-term, geographically distributed observation programmes designed to monitor climate change, better understand its impacts on global ecosystems, and evaluate possible mitigation and adaptation strategies. The pan-European Integrated Carbon Observation System combines carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG; CO2, CH4, N2O, H2O) observations within the atmosphere, terrestrial ecosystems and oceans. High-precision measurements are obtained using standardised methodologies, are centrally processed and openly available in a traceable and verifiable fashion in combination with detailed metadata. The Integrated Carbon Observation System ecosystem station network aims to sample climate and land-cover variability across Europe. In addition to GHG flux measurements, a large set of complementary data (including management practices, vegetation and soil characteristics) is collected to support the interpretation, spatial upscaling and modelling of observed ecosystem carbon and GHG dynamics. The applied sampling design was developed and formulated in protocols by the scientific community, representing a trade-off between an ideal dataset and practical feasibility. The use of open-access, high-quality and multi-level data products by different user communities is crucial for the Integrated Carbon Observation System in order to achieve its scientific potential and societal value.
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| 41. |
- Gode, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Klimatbedömning av energilösningar i byggnader - Pilotprojekt för test av verktyget Tidstegen
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Verktyget Tidstegen kan användas för att analysera klimatpåverkan vid val av olika energiåtgärder. Resultaten från verktyget kan med fördel användas som ett komplement till andra beslutsunderlag (ekonomi och innemiljö med mera) när ett bygg- eller fastighetsföretag står inför beslut att genomföra en investering i nybyggnation eller i ändring av en befintlig byggnad. I rapporten beskrivs resultat från fyra olika pilotprojekt som har använt verktyget för att analysera klimatpåverkan av olika energiåtgärder i byggnader. Pilotprojekten har även bidragit till utvecklingen av verktyget genom regelbunden återkoppling. Pilotprojekten har genomförts i tre olika fjärrvärmenät (Linköping, Stockholm Nordvästra samt Stockholm Södra och Centrala). Ett av pilotprojekten har även inkluderat energilösningar med fjärrkyla och två pilotprojekt har omfattat solcellslösningar. Beräkningarna i verktyget Tidstegen bygger på så kallad konsekvensanalys, som innebär att effekterna av en förändrad energianvändning analyseras. Det är alltså bara de anläggningar i energisystemet (el, fjärrvärme, fjärrkyla) som påverkas av den förändrade energianvändningen som ingår i konsekvensanalysen. Verktygets beräkningar bygger på metodik som utvecklats av IVL i flera tidigare forskningsprojekt i samarbete med representanter från bygg-, fastighets- och energibranschen.
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| 42. |
- Green, Jenny, 1980-
(författare)
-
Elevers användande av formativ återkoppling i matematik
- 2014
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Students are often not satisfied with the feedback they receive, and do not always use it. Providing feedback on student learning has been shown to have a positive effect on learning, and is a key strategy in formative assessment. Students need to know (1) the goal, (2) their current level, and (3) the gap between these two, in order to advance towards the goal. In addition to receiving information about (1)-(3) above, students also need to actively engage with the feedback. In order to facilitate students’ use of the feedback given, a sample of upper-secondary mathematics students in this study received formative feedback (i.e. non-evaluative, supportive, timely and specific). The purpose of this research was to examine how students experienced this formative feedback, how they used it, and how experience, usage and goal orientation interacted.Data collection was done in the following steps. First, an intervention test with two calculation problems was given to the students. The answers were then handed in and processed based on theories of formative assessment and feedback. The students were given the formative feedback and, in order to capture their first impressions, they were asked how they perceived it. The next step was the regular teacher’s test – to give the students an opportunity to use the feedback. Finally, in-depth interviews were conducted in order to study students’ experiences of the formative feedback.An attempt was made to find factors explaining why the students use, or don’t use, their feedback. The students experienced the feedback in different ways, most notably finding the feedback useful, confusing or frightening. Some of these experiences indicate a view that assessment focuses on whether or not a mathematics question is answered correctly. Consequently, they view feedback as an extracurricular activity rather than as a learning situation. Some students seem to be able to overcome the contextual barriers and some do not even experience any barriers at all. The results suggest that it is essential to integrate feedback in the day-to-day instruction in order to increase the likelihood that all the students will derive benefit from it.
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| 43. |
|
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| 44. |
- Green, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Formative mathematics assessment in upper secondary school
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 38<sup> th</sup> Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education in Vancouver, Canada 2014. ; , s. 312-312
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 45. |
- Guyader, Hugo, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Greenwashing : Teaching from Marketing & Sustainability
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This session is based on the book “Marketing & Sustainability: Why and how sustainability is changing current marketing practices” (Guyader et al. 2020, Studentlitteratur). The authors host a workshop about using the concept of greenwashing in the classroom, and they open for discussion with fellow teachers about teaching marketing with a sustainability approach. The session begins with a short introductory presentation of the book content, with a focus on the practice of greenwashing — before moving-on to a workshop/discussion of greenwashing cases in Sweden.
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| 46. |
- Guyader, Hugo, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Marketing and sustainability : why and how sustainability is changing current marketing practices
- 2020. - 1
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book aims to equip business students and marketing practitioners with a thorough understanding of sustainability issues. It uses contemporary cases and useful conceptualizations from recent research to provide a toolbox that help the reader understand how to deliver value to today’s consumers, while considering the well-being of future generations.Marketing & Sustainability raises important questions concerning the impact of (over)consumption, production, distribution, and communication, all key marketing activities, on socio-environmental challenges in the world — such as climate change and natural resource depletion.Servitization, dematerialization of consumption, the emergence of the circular economy paradigm, the platform-based sharing economy paradigm and the use of sharing schemes and platform-based exchanges of existing market goods are all dealt with in this book, which will make a lot of sense for students, marketers and other professionals who are aware of and striving for sustainable growth.
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| 47. |
- Hansson, Nils, et al.
(författare)
-
Nobel Prize for Physical Therapy? Rise, Fall, and Revival of Medico-Mechanical Institutes
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Therapy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0031-9023 .- 1538-6724. ; 95:8, s. 1184-1194
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This historical vignette explores the considerations of the Nobel Prize Committee for Physiology or Medicine by vetting the Nobel Prize chances of Dr Gustaf Zander (1835–1920). His way to stardom started 150 years ago when he began mechanizing the passive and active movements that physical therapists manually used to treat diseases. A glance at his machines shows that they parallel surprisingly well what can be found in modern fitness studios. By combining files from the Nobel Prize Archive and sources from the first physical therapists, this vignette pieces together why Zander was considered one of the best candidates for the Nobel Prize in 1916. By providing this glimpse of history, questions about the origin of physical therapy concepts and the profession of the physical therapist are raised.
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| 48. |
- Hedberg, Suzanne, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass : A Randomized Clinical Trial
- 2024
-
Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are widely used bariatric procedures for which comparative efficacy and safety remain unclear.OBJECTIVE: To compare perioperative outcomes in SG and RYGB.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this registry-based, multicenter randomized clinical trial (Bypass Equipoise Sleeve Trial), baseline and perioperative data for patients undergoing bariatric surgery from October 6, 2015, to March 31, 2022, were analyzed. Patients were from university, regional, county, and private hospitals in Sweden (n = 20) and Norway (n = 3). Adults (aged ≥18 years) eligible for bariatric surgery with body mass indexes (BMIs; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 35 to 50 were studied.INTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopic SG or RYGB.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Perioperative complications were analyzed as all adverse events and serious adverse events (Clavien-Dindo grade >IIIb). Ninety-day mortality was also assessed.RESULTS: A total of 1735 of 14 182 eligible patients (12%; 1282 [73.9%] female; mean (SD) age, 42.9 [11.1] years; mean [SD] BMI, 40.8 [3.7]) were included in the study. Patients were randomized and underwent SG (n = 878) or RYGB (n = 857). The mean (SD) operating time was shorter in those undergoing SG vs RYGB (47 [18] vs 68 [25] minutes; P < .001). The median (IQR) postoperative hospital stay was 1 (1-1) day in both groups. The 30-day readmission rate was 3.1% after SG and 4.0% after RYGB (P = .33). There was no 90-day mortality. The 30-day incidence of any adverse event was 40 (4.6%) and 54 (6.3%) in the SG and RYGB groups, respectively (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.47-1.08; P = .11). Corresponding figures for serious adverse events were 15 (1.7%) for the SG group and 23 (2.7%) for the RYGB group (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.33-1.22; P = .19).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This randomized clinical trial of 1735 patients undergoing primary bariatric surgery found that both SG and RYGB were performed with a low perioperative risk without clinically significant differences between groups.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02767505.
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| 49. |
- Hedenström, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Migration, stopover and moult of the great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus in Ghana, West Africa
- 1993
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Ingår i: Ibis. - 0019-1019. ; 135:2, s. 177-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied Great Reed Warblers Acrocephalus arundinaceus at two localities in Ghana during the winter. In the north (Tono), the birds arrived from late September and conducted a rapid moult soon after arrival. Towards the end of moult, birds accumulated fat and disappeared from the site. In the south (Tafo), birds arrived from mid-November in fresh plumage. This seemed to be the final wintering area as birds stayed there during the winter. In March-April they again accumulated fat, although only small amounts, before spring migration back to breeding areas.
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| 50. |
- Hedlund, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Type I IFN system activation in newborns exposed to Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies in utero
- 2020
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Ingår i: RMD Open. - : BMJ. - 2056-5933. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: In utero exposure of the fetus to Ro/La autoantibodies may lead to congenital heart block (CHB). In the mother, these autoantibodies are associated with activation of the type I interferon (IFN)-system. As maternal autoantibodies are transferred to the fetus during pregnancy, we investigated whether the type I IFN-system is activated also in newborns of anti-Ro/La positive mothers, and whether fetal IFN activation is affected by maternal immunomodulatory treatment.METHODS: Blood drawn at birth from anti-Ro/La positive mothers, their newborns and healthy control pairs was separated into plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC were analysed directly or cultured. mRNA expression was analysed by microarrays, cell surface markers by flow cytometry, and IFNα levels by immunoassays.RESULTS: We observed increased expression of IFN-regulated genes and elevated plasma IFNα levels not only in anti-Ro/La positive women, but also in their newborns. CD14+ monocytes of both anti-Ro/La positive mothers and their neonates showed increased expression of Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin-1, indicating cellular activation. Notably, the IFN score of neonates born to mothers receiving immunomodulatory treatment was similar to that of controls, despite persistent IFN activation in the mothers. In both maternal and neonatal PBMC, IFNα production was induced when cells were cultured with anti-Ro/La positive plasma.CONCLUSIONS: Ro/La autoantibody-exposed neonates at risk of CHB have signs of an activated immune system with an IFN signature. This study further demonstrates that neonatal cells can produce IFNα when exposed to autoantibody-containing plasma, and that maternal immunomodulatory treatment may diminish the expression of IFN-regulated genes in the fetus.
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