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Sökning: WFRF:(Outram Nicholas)

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1.
  • Bergström, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Grey wolf genomic history reveals a dual ancestry of dogs
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 607:7918, s. 313-320
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.
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3.
  • Löfhede, Johan, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • Detection of bursts in the EEG of post asphyctic newborns
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: 2006 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. - 1557-170X. - 9781424400324 ; , s. 2179-2182, s. 5-6
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Eight features inherent in the electroencephalogram (EEG) have been extracted and evaluated with respect to their ability to distinguish bursts from suppression in burst-suppression EEG. The study is based on EEG from six full term infants who had suffered from lack of oxygen during birth. The features were used as input in a neural network, which was trained on reference data segmented by an experienced electroencephalographer. The performance was then evaluated on validation data for each feature separately and in combinations. The results show that there are significant variations in the type of activity found in burst-suppression EEG from different subjects, and that while one or a few features seem to be sufficient for most patients in this group, some cases require specific combinations of features for good detection to be possible.
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