| 1. |
- Antai, Imoh, et al.
(författare)
-
A 3-R principle for characterizing failure in relief supply chains’response to natural disasters
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2042-6747 .- 2042-6755. ; 5:2, s. 234-252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- principle for characterizing failure in humanitarian/relief supply chains’ response to natural disasters,and describes a Bayesian methodology of the failure odds with regard to external factors that mayaffect the disaster-relief outcome, and distinctive supply chain proneness to failure.Design/methodology/approach – The suggested 3Rs combine simplicity and completeness,enclosing all aspects of the 7R principle popular within business logistics. A fixed effects logisticregression model is designed, with a Bayesian approach, to relate the supply chains’ odds for success indisaster-relief to potential environmental predictors, while accounting for distinctive supply chains’proneness to failure.Findings – Analysis of simulated data demonstrate the model’s ability to distinguish relief supplychains with regards to their disaster-relief failure odds, taking into account pertinent external factorsand supply chain idiosyncrasies.Research limitations/implications – Due to the complex nature of natural disasters and the scarcityof subsequent data, the paper employs computer-simulated data to illustrate the implementation ofthe proposed methodology.Originality/value – The 3R principle offers a simple and familiar basis for evaluating failure in reliefsupply chains’ response to natural disasters. Also, it brings the issues of customer orientation withinhumanitarian relief and supply operations to the fore, which had only been implicit within thehumanitarian and relief supply chain literature.
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| 2. |
- Boafo, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding internationalisation of informal African firms through a network perspective
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Small Business Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 0266-2426 .- 1741-2870. ; 40:5, s. 618-649
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of internationalisation have largely overlooked developing countries with high levels of legitimate informal entrepreneurship. Consequently, this article analyses the internationalisation of Informal African Firms (IAFs) from a network perspective. We undertook in-depth case studies of 14 informal smaller firms in two major enterprise clusters in Ghana. Our findings show that half transacted business in five to seven foreign markets, and more than half sold abroad within three years of inception. The study illustrates the different network ties that influence passive and active internationalisation strategies with evidence that these IAFs developed buyer networks through customer referrals and foreign customer walk-ins to the firm. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the triggers that initiate international business activities by IAFs so contribute to current theorising noting implications for management practices and policymaking on this important but hitherto, under-explored issue.
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| 3. |
- Dadzie, Samuel Ato, et al.
(författare)
-
Do strategic motives affect ownership mode of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) in emerging African markets? : evidence from Ghana
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Thunderbird International Business Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4762 .- 1520-6874. ; 60:3, s. 279-294
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to examine the influence of ownership, location, and internalization-specific factors, as well as strategic motives on ownership choice of foreign subsidiaries in Ghana. The authors use a quantitative methodology in order to statistically explore the relationships between dependent and independent variables by using the logistic regression model. The analysis was based on 115 manufacturing investments made by multinational corporations (MNCs) from different countries in 1994–2013. The results indicate that contractual risk leads to the choice of whollymowned subsidiary while cultural distance and country risk lead to the choice of the joint venture. In the case of the motives, efficiency-seeking and resource-seeking FDIs lead to the choice of the joint venture.
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| 4. |
- Dadzie, Samuel Ato, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding establishment mode choice of foreign manufacturing firms in Ghana
- 2015
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 10:4, s. 896-920
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the foreign direct investment (FDI) strategies ofmanufacturing firms in Ghana using the eclectic model in order to understand how ownership, location and internalization factors impact FDI to developing countries like Ghana.Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a quantitativemethodology in order to statistically explore the relationships between dependent and independent variables. The data comes from a sample of 75 multinational enterprises that invested in the manufacturing sector between 1994 and 2008.Findings – The results reveal that large firm size, extensive international experience and large market size lead to the choice of acquisition mode of entry, while high cultural distance, high country risk, high proprietary assets and incentives lead to the choice of greenfield mode in the context of Ghana.Research limitations/implications – The results imply that the different economic, businessand legal (locational) conditions of developing countries create different FDI strategies and paths of companies compared to developed markets.Practical implications – Policy makers in developing countries should make efforts to improve market size, the institutional and regulatory environment, as well as the availability of human capital in order to attract FDI.Originality/value – FDI studies have mainly analysed establishment mode strategies of firms in advanced markets. There is an increasing amount of research on FDI in emerging markets but very little on developing countries and African markets. Therefore, this study enables the authors to develop implications for existing theory and generate practical implications for firms and policy makers related to African and developing country markets.
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| 5. |
- Dadzie, Samuel Bucklock Ato, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of small business funding decisions on performance : The moderated mediation role of the corporate governance system
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 65th Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business. ; , s. 223-223
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The paper investigates the role of corporate governance on the relationship between small businesses financing choice decisions on the business performance.Design/methodology/approach: The paper was situated within the theory of the financial growth cycle and adopted survey approach for data collection and analysis done through partial least square structural equation modelling.Findings: The study found that the interaction of corporate governance and financing choice decisions strengthen the performance relationship. Further, corporate governance mediates the positive relationship between financing choice decisions and performance. Thus, suggesting that corporate governance can carry the effect of the financing choice decisions to performance.Originality: The study contributes to the small business financing choice and performance literature by employing the financial growth cycle theory in explaining the financing choice decisions and in particular the role of corporate governance in the relationship.
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| 6. |
- Dhir, Sanjay, et al.
(författare)
-
Critical success factors determining performance of cross-border acquisition : Evidence from the African telecom market
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Thunderbird International Business Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4762 .- 1520-6874. ; 63:1, s. 43-61
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the factors affecting Bharti Airtel's cross-border postacquisition performance in an African market. This study describes the relationships among various factors such as technical capability, affiliated firm's absorptive capacity, and organizational learning capabilities, which determine the successful operations of the Zain acquisition deal in South Africa. This paper adopts a qualitative approach to identify factors that influence the postacquisition performance. Seven factors are identified based on the literature. Consequently, it has become a necessity to encapsulate these factors in suitable proportions. In this study, we have developed a total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) to analyze the postacquisition performance of Bharti Airtel in South Africa. Our research has highlighted six dynamic factors (organizational learning capability, knowledge management, technology capability, technology relatedness, acquirer's absorptive capacity, and national culture difference) that affect the firm's postacquisition performance. The interpretive structural model (ISM) and total interpretive structural model for postacquisition performance are built-up. The developed TISM will support academics and practitioners to develop their understanding of acquisition performance of parent companies in the context of telecom business in the South African market.
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| 7. |
- Dike, Max, et al.
(författare)
-
China-Africa Business Relationships : A Systematic Literature Review and Future Directions
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 65th Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business. - : Academy of International Business. ; , s. 256-256
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chinese-African business relationships has become a major topic of academic relevance recently. This paper presents a systematic review of the relevant extant literature on Chinese-African business relationships published in the period 2000-2019. We use the antecedents-strategies-consequences framework for an enhanced appreciation of the subject. The findings suggest that China’s presence in Africa is economically and politically-motivated, with loans, grants, and infrastructure-for-resources as the main strategies to woo the Africans. China is accused of opportunism in Africa, exploiting the continent’s natural-resource base for its domestic use and seeking political support from African nations to drive its global agenda. The study contributes to an improved understanding of the research and provides bases for future researchers to find gaps and add to the knowledge of the subject. Managers and policy-makers from both sides can also use the findings to enhance their strategies and policies respectively.
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| 8. |
- Kujala, Irene, et al.
(författare)
-
Institutional actors, policy and internationalisation of emerging market SMEs : Lessons from AGOA and the Ghanaian Textile Industry
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 47:4, s. 518-547
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper focuses on the roles of institutional actors and their policies in promoting the internationalisation of Ghanaian textile firms. A longitudinal research method was employed with the aim of gaining an understanding of the development of the interrelationships between contexts, processes, actors and their activities and resources over a period of 13 years in order for the SME to internationalise. The findings show complex interrelationships, different roles and a greater importance of institutional actors than has been found in previous research. Furthermore, the findings show how the context of SMEs from emerging markets in Africa affect their internationalisation processes and success and how both home and foreign institutions and policies can contribute to the processes through a business network approach. Theoretically, this study contributes to theories of firm internationalisation from emerging markets. Practically, it provides implications for managers and policy makers about how to achieve and support the internationalisation of African SMEs.
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| 9. |
- Kujala, Irene, et al.
(författare)
-
The internationalisation of African emerging market SMEs : A literature review and propositions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Market: International Journal of Business. - Nicosia, Cyprus : Cyprus Centre for Business Research at The Cyprus Institute of Marketing (CIM). - 2547-9202. ; 2, s. 98-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper concentrates on research into emerging market SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises). We discuss various conceptual approaches to the internationalization of SMEs, emerging markets, and the African context. Internationalization theories such as the stage models (e.g. Uppsala model, and innovation-related models), the business network theories and international new venture approaches are most relevant for SMEs when discussing the role of risk aversion, collaboration, the business context, and entrepreneurship for internationalizing SMEs. As a specific example, we focus on the textile industry in sub-Saharan Africa. We conclude with proposals for future studies.
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| 10. |
- Mbare, Otieno, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Africa : a conceptualisation and propositions
- 2011. - 1
-
Ingår i: Leadership & management studies in Sub-Sahara Africa. - San Diego : University Readers. - 9781609275464 ; , s. 192-203
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is gaining increasing importance for contemporary companies. Various groups like governments, non-governmental organisations, international multilateral organisations, shareholders and consumer groups are joining the debate and encouraging companies to pursue CSR. Many corporations are making strategic decisions to incorporate CSR into their business models. CSR is seen as representing best practices and as a tool to achieve sustainable development. From the corporate perspective, CSR can establish the company as a good corporate citizen and could lead to improved productivity of the workforce. In spite of the fact that CSR regulations are generally lax in African countries, it is important for companies doing business in Africa to implement it, as the material needs of the workers and the rest of the population are inadequately provided for. In this paper we present a conceptualisation of CSR in a developing country context and present propositions for achieving the strategy in Africa.
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| 11. |
- Ochieng, Irene Achieng, et al.
(författare)
-
Internationalisation patterns of African sharing economy companies : The role of gateway markets
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 170, s. 114297-114297
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sharing economy companies (sharecoms) have been internationalising rapidly, including entering African markets. Little research has been conducted on the strategies and behaviours of African sharecoms. Questions have been raised as to whether existing theories adequately explain the internationalisation of African firms. Thus, we analyse the internationalisation patterns of six African sharecoms, focusing on time, speed, and scope. The findings indicate that firms apply unique combinations of various internationalisation models. A novel pattern of internationalisation where the firms use “foreign gateway markets” as strategic “launchpads” before rapidly internationalising was also uncovered. Locational advantages, strategic networks, and relative technological advancement characterise the foreign gateway markets. We also propose the concept of “complex regional context” to define the context of emerging regions with many neighbouring countries with the potential for high levels of internationalisation but low levels of international business due to the lack of common enabling frameworks and institutions.
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| 12. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Acquisitions entry strategies in Africa : the role of institutions, target-specific experience, and host-country capabilities - The case acquisitions of Finnish multinationals in Africa
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Thunderbird International Business Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4762 .- 1520-6874. ; 59:2, s. 209-225
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acquisition is an important entry strategy for multinational enterprises (MNEs) seeking to gain faster entry into new and emerging markets and remain competitive in the global marketplace. MNEs utilize partial-, staged-, and full-acquisition strategies when entering into foreign markets. This research analyzes how and why firms opt for these acquisition strategies in the context of Africa. The study applies institutional theory and explores constructs derived from the Uppsala internationalization process model. Using a case study of five Finnish acquisitions in Africa (Egypt, Morocco, Kenya, and South Africa), it was found that Finnish MNEs opt for partial acquisition rather than staged and full acquisition in the context of acquisitions made prior to late 1990s without earnout arrangements. Finnish MNEs opt for the choice of staged acquisition rather than partial and full acquisition in the contexts of mild regulatory framework in host countries and when the acquired firm business requires extensive improvements and the target host market structure is fragmented. Finnish MNEs opt for the choice of full acquisition rather than partial and staged acquisition in three contexts specifically: (1) when the acquiring Finnish MNE possesses host-country capability, target-specific experience, and ensures the retention of top management personnel of the acquired target; (2) when the size of the acquired target is relatively very small compared to the acquiring MNE; and (3) when the nature of the acquired firm business is well developed and the target host-market structure is consolidating.
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| 13. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Africa as a source location : literature review and implications
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 9:3, s. 424-438
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the scope of sourcing research in Sub-Sahara African (SSA) from scholarly journals published from 1980 to 2013 on sourcing-related issues. The study identifies what is known about sourcing from this region and the implications for managers and researchers in supply chain management.Design/methodology/approach– Totally, 40 scholarly journals (supply chain journals and other journals publishing on diverse business topics) were found relevant and reviewed. Content (all field) search using the names of each SSA countries (e.g. Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, etc.) was carried out in the supply chain journals to filter out articles discussing sourcing-related topics. For other business journals, keyword search was performed (procurement, sourcing, purchasing, outsourcing, supplier relations, supplier selection, supplier development, supply management, offshore, supply chain and logistics).Findings– The literature review suggests that studies discussing sourcing issues in SSA have focussed mainly on challenges of sourcing from SSA, and they provide some insights on implementation of supply chain tools such as total quality management, negotiating and selecting suppliers from SSA, and just-in time purchasing. However, the authors found that there is an under-representation of this region in supply chain management literature. More so, the articles discussing sourcing issues in Africa are limited in scope empirically and theoretically in comparison with the large amount of contributions in other emerging economies of Asia and developed economies.Research limitations/implications– The limited amount of publications and contributions does not allow us to provide an integrated framework for sourcing from SSA.Practical implications– There is a need for future research to explore how the SSA context could enhance theorizing in supply chains. Also, there is need for researchers to extend the sourcing debate from the over emphasis on technology sourcing, knowledge intensive service outsourcing and component sourcing to other lower value-added products such as agricultural products and other raw materials sourced in SSA.Originality/value– This paper is one of the first to explore the scope of sourcing in Africa. As the findings suggest, there have been limited amount of papers published about this region. The review provides a perspective for researchers to explore this region and to aid theory development in supply chains. It also provided implications on how to support research publication focussing on this region and how to inform managerial perceptions on sourcing from SSA.
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| 14. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Big data practices and adoption in International Business : The role of dynamic capability and institutions in the African context
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of 16th Vaasa Conference on International Business. August 16-18, 2021. - : University of Vaasa, Finland. ; , s. 34-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Big data is a growing trend in today’s industries as companies take advantage of invaluable insights andopportunities they can acquire about their customers and processes to gain competitive advantage over theircompetitors (Kubina et al., 2015; Hanke, Bughin, Chui, Manyika, Saleh, Wiseman& Sethupathy 2016).The evolution of big data is similar to other disruptive IT innovations that have occurred in the last fourdecades. For example, research suggests that the advent of personal computers, internet and the adoption ofecommerce has lowered operational costs, increased customer satisfaction, led to revenue growth and first-mover competitive advantage for companies that adopted them (Hyma 2015; Luvai & Azim 2003;Sameer &Palo, 2006). Early research on big data suggest that it can offer tangible benefits to businesses across allindustries (McAfee & Brynjolfsson, 2012).The adoption of big data has been conceptualized as anorganizational capability that can provide competitive advantage to organizations in highly dynamic anduncertain environments (Chen, Preston, & Swink,2015; Wang & Hajli, 2017; Fioriniaet al. (2018). As theapplications of big data continue to grow, the opportunities abound, yet a clear understanding of itsapplications, challenges and opportunities across industries requires further empirical studies (See Sena,Demirbag, Bhaumik, & Sengupta, 2017).
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| 15. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Determinants of equity changes in partial acquisitions of Finnish multinationals in foreign markets
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Baltic Journal of Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-5265 .- 1746-5273. ; 14:2, s. 268-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose When entering foreign markets, multinationals can acquire part of a foreign firm and can increase or decrease their equity stake over time. However, extant studies have mainly focused on equity stake acquired during initial market entry. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This study fills this gap by using the Uppsala model to analyze six cases of international acquisitions of Finnish multinationals in global markets. Findings The authors found that firms change their equity stake in partially acquired foreign subsidiaries: when they have learned about the host country and businesses of the partially acquired firms, when they have gained target-specific experience, when they build trust and ensure relationship commitment and finally, when they jointly develop and exploit opportunities. Originality/value This study is one of the first to apply the Uppsala model to empirically analyze international acquisitions, thus paving the way for behavioral and process-oriented approaches. The study contributes to knowledge of post-entry strategies of multinationals.
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| 16. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the determinants of acquisition integration capability : Lessons from the acquisitions of Finnish multinational enterprises
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Journal of International Management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1751-6757 .- 1751-6765. ; 16:1, s. 1-27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study is to explore how acquisition integration capabilities are developed in acquiring firms. Through empirical case studies of acquisitions of five Finnish MNEs in global markets, the study finds four determinants of acquisition integration capability: acquisition integration knowledge management, cultural competence, acquisition integration strategy, and acquisition performance review. The study extends dynamic capability theory to acquisition integration literature and provides a comprehensive and integrated perspective on the determinants of acquisition integration capability. Finally, five propositions are developed for future empirical research and we call for future studies to explore how acquisition integration capabilities become dynamic using longitudinal research design.
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| 17. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
International joint ventures research on Africa : A systematic literature review, propositions, and contextualization
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Thunderbird International Business Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4762 .- 1520-6874. ; 63:1, s. 11-26
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reviewed the research on international joint ventures (IJVs) in Africa up to 2017. The authors performed a systematic search of peer-reviewed good-quality research using the 6W procedure and ensured the quality of the review by using the 5Cs quality criteria. The content analysis was focused on four research questions. A total of 22 relevant studies were found. Overall, only about one-third of the lead authors were affiliated with African universities. A majority of the studies were quantitative, and 78% of the studies were done for three countries: Ghana, Morocco, and Nigeria. There was either just one or no study on trust and conflict, partner selection, and human resource management (HRM). At the contextual level, it seems the most important factor influencing IJV strategy and success is institutions. We therefore suggest a greater use of institutional theory. Finally, we present a summary of conceptual framework and four propositions to guide future research.
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| 18. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
-
Market entry into Africa : Acquisitions and international joint ventures. Studies of foreign firms' market entry strategies, challenges, and performance in Africa INTRODUCTION
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Thunderbird International Business Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1096-4762 .- 1520-6874. ; 63:1, s. 5-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- While the interest in investing in Africa is rising, the know-how of business on the continent is very limited. There have been only recently few special issues focusing on sub-Saharan Africa in the top international business journals: "Sub-Saharan Africa at a key inflection point" (Thunderbird International Business Review 2009); "Contemporary developments in the management of human resources in Africa" (Journal of World Business 2011); "Contemporary challenges and opportunities of doing business in Africa" (Journal of Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2016); "Critical perspectives on international business in Africa (Critical Perspectives on International Business 2016); "Strategic Management in Africa (Global Strategy Journal, 2017); and "The internationalization of African firms (Thunderbird International Business Review 2016). The aim of this special issue is to advance understanding of international business in Africa and specifically focus on how foreign firms enter African markets via acquisitions and international joint ventures and extend knowledge of these market entry strategies and performance in Africa for research and for foreign firms intending to, or currently doing business in Africa. This guest editorial provides a summary of the five articles and one book review in this special issue categorized into three broad thematic issues: International joint ventures and acquisitions as market entry strategies in Africa; cross-border investments of African firms; and theoretical underpinnings.
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| 19. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
A business network perspective on local content in emerging African petroleum nations
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Sector Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1750-6220 .- 1750-6239. ; 10:4, s. 594-616
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The paper aims to identify and analyze the actors and their interrelationships in realizing local content objectives in African oil- and gas-producing nations.Design/methodology/approach – The paper includes content analysis of relevant research papers and reports within the oil and gas industry, local content and industrial networks published between 2000 and 2014.Findings – The study developed a framework that integrates the literature on local content with the industrial network theory. The framework classifies the various critical actors for achieving local content, proposing that achieving local content requires the development of business network links and a resource alignment among local companies and institutions and foreign companies and institutions, in addition to multinational oil companies.Research limitations/implications – The framework of this study contributes to an emergingtheory on local content by integrating the industrial network theory, which provides specificframeworks for analyzing embedded business environments, along with the previous economic and legal-based studies of local content achievement.Practical implications – The way the relevant actors organize their resources and businessnetworks provides potential for local content in an emerging oil and gas industry in Africa.Originality/value – The paper is one of the few to integrate studies of local content with the industrialnetwork theory. The literature review provides a summary window of the research on the subject over a 14-year period.
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| 20. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving local content in extractive industries of African countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: Economic and Social Development. - Varazdin, Croatia : Varazdin Development and Entrepreneurship Agency. ; , s. 74-82
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local content defines the extent of participation of local industry in extractive industries like mining, oil and gas. These industries are major destinations of foreign direct investments. They are very important revenue streams for governments of developing and emerging economies. In many countries, however, local industry is not participating enough. Recently researchers are bringing new perspectives into research and policy on the subject. We discuss the issue based on a review of relevant literature including a study in Nigeria in the wake of the passage of the new local content laws. Our study finds that the achievement of local content depends on the collaboration of a range of actors. Local political and legal institutions, local businesses, MNCs, universities and research organizations, international development partners and donors have to contribute their political and economic resources to achieve local content.
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| 21. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Achieving Local Content in Extractive Industries of African Countries
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development. - : Research Leap. - 1849-7020 .- 1849-7551. ; 7:1, s. 28-36
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Local content defines the extent of participation of local industry in extractive industries like mining, oil and gas. These industries are major destinations of foreign direct investments. They are very important revenue streams for governments of developing and emerging economies. In many countries, however, local industry is not participating enough. Recently researchers are bringing new perspectives into research and policy on the subject. We discuss the issue based on a review of relevant literature including a study in Nigeria in the wake of the passage of the new local content laws. Our study finds that the achievement of local content depends on the collaboration of a range of actors. Local political and legal institutions, local businesses, MNCs, universities and research organizations, international development partners and donors have to contribute their political and economic resources to achieve local content.
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| 22. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
African Regional Cooperation and Growth Triangle Strategies
- 2007. - 1
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Ingår i: Leadership and Management Studies in Sub-Sahara Africa. - San Diego : University Readers. - 9781934269121 ; , s. 114-122
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whereas Africa has witnessed failure to achieve economic growth through formal regional cooperation efforts, Asia combined these efforts with other strategies and has been able to achieve positive results. Through formal regional cooperation and conscious support to key potential growth zones, Asian countries used growth triangle strategies (GT) that were aimed at increasing their competitiveness. This paper discusses the GT concept and proposes that African countries could benefit by adopting GT strategies. We illustrate our key arguments by comparing two regional cooperation processes in Africa: the East African Community (EAC) and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).
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| 23. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Business-to-Business Marketing : How to Understand and Succeed in Business Marketing in an Emerging Africa
- 2021. - 1
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business-to-Business Marketing: An African Perspective: How to Understand and Succeed in Business Marketing in an Emerging Africa is a comprehensive application of the most current research results, concepts and frameworks to the African business-to-business (B-to-B) context. The chapters are designed to provide the reader with a thorough analysis of b-to-b. Important aspects like competitive strategy in B-to-B, marketing mix strategies, relationship management and collaboration, business services, big data analysis, and emerging issues in B-to-B are discussed with African examples and cases. As a result, the book is easy to read and pedagogical. It is suitable for courses at universities and other tertiary levels, undergraduate and graduate courses, MBA and professional B-to-B marketing programmes. Working managers will find it a useful reference for practical insights and as a useful resource to develop and implement successful strategies.The AuthorsCollectively the four authors have over 60 years of teaching and research in B-to-B marketing and management in and outside Africa. They have the managerial and consulting experience that has enabled them to combine theory with practice. Their experience and knowledge provide the needed background to uniquely integrate teaching and research with the realities of the African B-to-B market. Their command of and insight into the subject are unparalleled.
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| 24. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges to build, operate, and transfer projects to provide infrastructure for African economy
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Book of Abstracts. - : Academy for Global Business Advancement. ; , s. 209-210
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shortage of physical infrastructure is a top developmental challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (Deloitte 2013). Public facilities known as infrastructure are very important for every country’s production and distribution of economic output as well as to its citizens’ overall quality of life (IDEP/BADEA 2015; Cheng 2010 Algarni et al. 2007). To this end, many have suggested the need for the public sector to partner with the private sector known as public-private partnership (PPP) to overcome these infrastructural challenges and deficits without further stretching the public purse (Ghanaian National Policy on PPP 2011; Algarni et al. 2007; Hanaoka and Palapus 2012). According to Grimsey and Lewis (2002), PPP is where public sector bodies enter into long-term contractual agreements with private sector entities for the construction or management of public sector infrastructure facilities by the private sector entity, or the provision of services by the private sector entity to the community on behalf of a public sector entity. There are a number of PPP models or delivery systems (Dahiru 2012; Angleoha 2003) of which Build Operate Transfer (BOT) is one. BOT emerged as a viable strategy, and it has been promoted by both developed and developing countries as a way to supply badly needed infrastructure services while under stringent budgetary constraints (Cheng 2010). BOT has established itself as a valid delivery or financing system and the main idea behind it is to alleviate the spending on governments’ budgets by seeking capital from external financiers especially on large scale projects (Algarni et al. 2007). In most BOT projects, private capital builds an infrastructure facility, manages it for a period of time when it is expected to cover its costs and agreed returns, and then hand the facility over to public management (Kumaraswamy and Zhang 2001).While African governments have shown considerable interest in PPP (Ghanaian National Policy on PPP 2011) very few projects have been achieved. It is, therefore, relevant from both a research and management as well as policy point of view, to investigate the obstacles and challenges in the PPP (BOT) system in African countries.
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| 25. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing risk and turbulence in internationalization of foreign companies to South Africa : Lessons from seven Finnish business-to-business firms
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of African Business. - London : Routledge. - 1522-8916 .- 1522-9076. ; 12:2, s. 219-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article the authors examine how seven Finnish business-to-business firms have managed risk and turbulence in their internationalization to South Africa. Thirty interviews with managers and other relevant informants were conducted. The study finds that the levels of perceived risk and turbulence were high in the market and the firms have used networks, alliances, gradual involvement, and a combination of entry modes to deal with the situation. The study contributes to the literature on business in Africa by providing implications for why and how firms develop their involvement in African markets and how they deal with challenges and opportunities.
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| 26. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-
(författare)
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Marketing and Development : The Role of Project Business in African Development
- 2003
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Ingår i: Ekonomiska samfundets tidskrift. - Helsinki : Ekonomiska Samfundet i Finland. - 0013-3183 .- 2323-1378. ; :2, s. 117-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article summarizes the role of marketing management for economic development. Marketing management is seen as the ability to meet the business survival needs of the firm and meet the needs of the market. Therefore good marketing management has an important role to play in ensuring positive economic development
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-
(författare)
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Potentials and Strategies for Project Marketing by Finnish Companies in Africa
- 2002
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Ingår i: Projektitoiminta. - Helsinki : Finnish Project Management Association. - 1455-4178 .- 2242-9549. ; XXV:2, s. 30-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes the massive potential market that exists in Africa for infrastructure projects. The lack of infrastructure to power development in African countries has to be met through purchases of infrastructure projects. From a business marketing perspective, there is a purchaser and a marketer who need to develop mutually beneficial business relationships through project business.
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| 29. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Project business : a distinct mode of internationalization
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Marketing Review. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0265-1335 .- 1758-6763. ; 24:6, s. 695-714
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose– The aim of the paper is to elaborate a framework of project business as a distinct mode of internationalization. The uniqueness and complexity of project business as a core mode are portrayed by comparing it with other internationalization modes. It is agreed that a single project sale is a discrete form of direct involvement in a foreign market. However, this provides opportunities for network interactions that can facilitate further project business openings in a foreign market and on a global level.Design/methodology/approach– Using the abductive method, the paper constructs a comparative framework of project business and other forms of internationalization. It illustrates the discussion with a longitudinal case study of a company that uses project business as its strategic choice for its internationalization.Findings– The paper finds that, using project business as its core internationalization mode, the company has expanded its global business as well as entering and succeeding in foreign business networks. It proposes that the network and relationship‐based project business approach is viable as a strategic alternative for internationalization on its own or in combination with other modes.Research limitations/implications– The study provides a framework for positioning project business as a separate internationalization mode. It provides a comparative framework for internationalization modes.Practical implications– This study provides managers with an understanding of project business as a distinct and profitable mode of internationalization. It illuminates the network and relationship‐building aspects of project business.Originality/value– According to the research, this is the first study that proposes project business as a distinct mode of internationalization. Much previous research has either not mentioned project business or subsumed it as an unimportant part of exports. The framework developed in this study should spur new research on the issue.
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| 30. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-
(författare)
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Project marketing to Africa : lessons from the case of IVO Transmission Engineering and Ghana’s national electrification scheme
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 17:6, s. 523-537
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for new models for foreign business and investment in Africa. The world's "poorest" continent has a massive deficit in infrastructural, production and other facilities. The foreign business and investment dividends expected from economic liberalization and democracy that have been implemented by most African countries since the mid-1980s are yet to be achieved. In this paper, project business is suggested as a model for foreign firms to do business in Africa, in the short to medium-term. Thereby, they will establish relationships and networks and gain valuable knowledge and experience of African economies. Such experience, relationships and networks can be used to do profitable business in the short to medium-term. In the long term, economic growth in African economies will expand opportunities, and the firms in question will be well placed to take advantage of them.
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| 31. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The buying network in international project business : a comparative case study of development projects
- 2007
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Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 36:2, s. 147-157
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While previous research has found project buying to be distinct from other buying situations, in that it typically involves a multi-organizational network, to date there has been very little empirical research on this phenomenon. Our aim in this paper is therefore to investigate the structure and decision-making processes of the project buying network during the project cycle and its interactions with project sellers. We first develop a preliminary conceptual framework for analyzing the project buying network, which is then applied to a comparative case study of three development projects. The findings from the case study allow us to propose a revised conceptual framework for analyzing the dynamics of the project buying network during the project cycle, as well as interaction with sellers. Our findings also contribute an understanding of development projects, in particular the role of financiers.
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| 32. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The internationalization of project-business firms : an opportunities, learning, and networks perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: 15th Vaasa Conference on International Business, August 19-21, 2019. ; , s. 43-43
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- International Business (IB) literature often highlights a firm’s domestic market as either a “learning place”, the starting station of the internationalization process - as in the Uppsala process model (Johanson and Vahlne, 1977) or a place where ownership advantages are developed before going abroad (Buckley and Casson, 1976). Though stressing the learning aspect inherent in the process, the point of identifying opportunities are somewhat missed out. More recent research by, e.g., Dana et al., (2009) has emphasized the presence of strategic intent and combined it with opportunity-seeking behavior by managers as being the primary motives to enter international markets. However, research on why and how organizations learn to identify/create opportunities and establish relationships in overseas markets is somewhat underdeveloped. In this article, we focus on the opportunities, learning, and network aspects of internationalization and critically review the internationalization process literature in order to establish a framework for future studies on learning and opportunity recognition in project businesses. Traditionally, internationalization research has focused on manufacturing industries, high-tech industries, service industries, but to a lesser extent the project business industry (Owusu, Sandhu and Kock, 2007). By focusing on the learning and opportunity aspects in internationalization, we establish a framework in which internationalization can be studied in project business firms.
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| 33. |
- Owusu, Richard A., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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What is a responsible supply chain?
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Business and Management. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1833-3850 .- 1833-8119. ; 7:4, s. 154-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the concept of responsible supply chain based on two dimensions, the core processes of a supply chain and the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It is suggested that a responsible supply chain is achieved through manifested core values of the supply chain actors, strategies and tactics. The paper further discusses the individual sujpply chain actors' responsiblity in securing a responsible supply chain beyond the actors' direct control. A conceptual model and a definition of a responsible supply chain are offered. Our model not only provides structure to the extant research but also develops new constructs and relationships that improve the conceptualization of the responsible supply chain. The paper is based on a review of 81 research articles published between 2000 and 2010 in which elements of CSR and supply chin processes are included.
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| 34. |
- Quagrainie, Fanny Adams, et al.
(författare)
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Founders' identity and international business opportunity recognition : A study of Ghanaian Women's international micro businesses
- 2023
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Ingår i: Prsented at the 49th Conference of the European International Business Academy: "The Changing Global Power Balance: Challenges for European Firms", Lisbon, Portugal, December 15-17, 2023.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micro-women entrepreneurs' (MWEs) engagement in international business has become necessary for developing countries trying to find alternative ways of growing their economies. This article aims to study the entrepreneurial identity and international business opportunity recognition (IBOR) of women-owned Ghanaian small businesses. A qualitative research method was used to collect data from 22 MWEs. The study found an autonomous entrepreneurial identity in addition to know-how transition and solution-seeker entrepreneurs recommended by Owalla and Holmquist (2017). Regarding BOR activities, two new activities vital for entrepreneurial success but not associated with BOR - observing changing trends in their environment and talking to customers about their needs were cited. This study provides meaningful insights into entrepreneurial identities and IBOR of MWEs. The theoretical contribution is in the proposal of a new entrepreneurial identity – autonomous entrepreneurial identity and incorporation of observing changing trends in their environment and talking to customers about their needs into the Kuckertz et al. (2017) model of the dimension of opportunity recognition activities. The paper identified new entrepreneurial identity and IBOR activity relevant to the micro women entrepreneurship literature by studying MWE's micro women.
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| 35. |
- Ramburuth, Prem, et al.
(författare)
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The Chinese Dragon Engages Africa
- 2010. - 1
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Ingår i: Thirty Years of China's Economic Reform. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781608769087 ; , s. 155-167
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- China and Africa have been trading partners for centuries, and China is now Africa's third-largest trading partner. This chapter explores the extent of China's economic engagement in Africa, its strategies and approaches, and implications for African development. The interpretative approach adopted in this chapter involves a comprehensive review of current literature, and draws on recent data to highlight China's activities in Africa and identify areas of expansion and development. Specifically, it draws attention to China's bilateral trade with Africa, and its growth from under $10 billion in 1995 to $106 billion in 2008. Currently, 80% of China's imports from Africa are from the extractive industry, and the most significant import is oil. China's intentions seem to be divided between acting as a facilitator for Africa's development and an extractor of its resources. It has adopted a "soft diplomacy" strategy in its pursuit of global growth, and is supporting the increased presence of Chinese SOEs and privately owned enterprises in Africa. Clearly, there are benefits to Africa's development. However, in weighing the benefits of China's engagement in Africa, African countries must consider issues of sustainability for long-term economic development and develop strategies to leverage the benefits of their rich resources, without being dependent on external agencies for their development.
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| 36. |
- Thornton, Heidi Coral, et al.
(författare)
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External barriers facing internationalising sharing economy companies : a study of European and American sharecoms
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal for Global Business Advancement. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1746-966X .- 1746-9678. ; 12:1, s. 70-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the external barriers that sharing economycompanies face when internationalising and how the challenges affect theirinternationalisation process. A critical realism research approach is used toposition the research in the literature and develop a conceptual framework toguide a qualitative study, which establishes a strong connection betweenthis study and extant research. Data is collected through interviewswith Founders/CEOs/Head of Marketing of entrepreneurial sharecoms1 andtriangulated with secondary data. The most prevalent external barriers foundwere government and legal, geographical distance, and networks. Culture wasthe most prominent aspect of the psychic distance barrier. These factors seemedto impact differently based on the industry of the sharecom. Networks were animportant resource in surmounting the barriers. The results propose aframework of external barriers facing internationalising sharing economycompanies and how the barriers interact with each other.
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| 37. |
- Thornton, Heidi Coral
(författare)
-
Sharecom internationalisation : Exploring business models, business ecosystems, and pathways to international expansion
- 2024
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An ever-changing business landscape, rapid developments in digital technologies, and shifts in societal attitudes have paved the way for the sharing economy phenomenon. Over the past decade, sharing economy companies (sharecoms) have emerged in droves, shaking up industry structures globally with their innovative business models and novel valuecreating processes, which rely on the externalised resources. This unique set of factors has enabled sharecoms to scale and internationalise at an exponential rate, but in nuanced ways that appear to challenge many of the assumptions underpinning extant theories on firm internationalisation.To help provide a deeper understanding of how the sharecom expands internationally, this thesis explores its internationalisation through an investigation of three concepts pertinent to this process: the business model, the business ecosystem, and internationalisation pathways. Conducted with a research strategy of building theory from cases, this investigation entails a multi-case study comprising a diverse group of sharecoms.The findings show that sharecoms starts to develop their business models, build their business ecosystems, and pursue international expansion from an early stage. These activities also appear to be highly intertwined, with each influencing the others.Enriching and augmenting extant international business theories to accommodate the sharing economy phenomenon, the thesis makes several research contributions. It enhances the understanding of the three aforementioned concepts, providing insights into the intricacies of their triadic relationship. Through an exploration of sharecoms’ business models, patterns of change emerge, and virtuous cycles between such changes and the sharecoms’ internationalisation come to light. In addition, a close look at sharecoms’ business ecosystems yields further insights into their role during internationalisation, also revealing a sub-category of semi-dependent entities – local communities – which are found to play an important role in the sharecom’s new foreign market entry. As such, the thesis contributes to literature linking business models and business ecosystems. The thesis also introduces new internationalisation pathways, thus contributing to extant internationalisation process theory. Empirically, the thesis enhances the diversity of sharecoms studied, a shortcoming within sharing economy research to date. Lastly, a number of practical contributions offer insightful managerial knowledge on sharecom internationalisation, more specifically, on the possibility of implementing business model changes to advance international expansion, creating business ecosystems to support new foreign market entry, and adopting flexible, new internationalisation pathways.
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| 38. |
- Vaaland, Terje I., et al.
(författare)
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Local content and struggling suppliers : a network analysis of Nigerian oil and gas industry
- 2012
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Ingår i: African Journal of Business Management. - 1993-8233. ; 6:15, s. 5399-5413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigates how local content can be enhanced in the oil and gas industry in a developing country like Nigeria. The empirical base was 18 in-depth interviews of professionals directly or indirectly related to the Nigerian oil and gas industry. The interviews revealed barriers for indigenous companies in accessing the industry. These were related to three major capabilities; capital, competence and delivery possibilities. It is suggested that the barriers can be solved by recognition of the interdependencies between actors associated with these capabilities. The actors include in addition to the foreign companies and the indigenous companies, educational institutions, legal system, educational and R and D institutions, financial institutions, industrial regulators and providers of infrastructure. The paper suggest framework for understanding the oil industrial network of Nigeria. The findings have implications for local content in all developing nations having a significant natural resource extraction industry
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