| 1. |
- Gurdal, Sevtap, 1976-
(author)
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Parenting Across Cultures : Parental attributions, attitudes and behaviour
- 2013
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Previously studies in parenting have mainly been conducted in Western countries. Not uncommonly results from such studies are used to describe general, worldwide trends. In an attempt to make the field of parenting research more culturally heterogeneous, an international research project, Parenting Across Cultures, was started. The project includes nine participant countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and USA) and its purpose is to examine parenting across cultures. This thesis is based on reports from parent participants. The aim of Study I was to investigate mothers’ and fathers’ (77 participants from each group) attributions and attitudes in Sweden. The results revealed that Swedish parents are more polarized in their attitudes than in their attributions, they think more alike for parenting attitudes and there was greater variability for parenting attributions, particularly regarding uncontrollable success, as opposed to attributions regarding adult- or child-controlled failure. Regarding attitudes, mothers and fathers reported more progressive than authoritarian attitudes. Fathers reported higher adult-controlled failure and child-controlled failure attributions than mothers. In Study II the aim was to assess whether mothers’ and fathers’ self-reports of acceptance-rejection, warmth, and hostility/rejection/neglect of their children differ in the nine countries. A total of 1996 parents (998 mothers and 998 fathers) participated in the study. Mothers and fathers reported high acceptance and warmth and low rejection and hostility/rejection/neglect (HRN) of their children in all nine countries. Despite the overwhelmingly high levels of acceptance and low levels of rejection across all countries, and despite our use of statistical controls for parental age, education, social desirability, and child age, some systematic differences between countries emerged. In summary, parents in the studies report higher similarity about parenting in some cases, for example concerning acceptance and warmth and hostility/rejection/neglect, but lower in others, such as the Swedish parents’ reports about attributions.
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| 2. |
- Jutengren, Göran, et al.
(author)
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A comparison of Swedish and US fathers’ self-reported use of parental discipline
- 2002
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In: Children & society. - : Wiley. - 0951-0605 .- 1099-0860. ; 16:4, s. 246-259
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two samples (pairwise matched in terms of sex of child, age of child, and fathers’ education) of fathers from Sweden (n = 50) and the US (n = 50) respectively were interviewed about their use of parental discipline when in conflict with their 38–66-month-olds. The results show that, compared with US fathers, Swedish fathers display a range of disciplining approaches from punitive reprimands (i.e., behaviour modification and physical punishment) to restrictive control approaches (i.e., verbal control and physical restraint). No difference was found between Swedish and US fathers in terms of their general tendency to assert compliance when their children misbehave. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Jutengren, Göran, et al.
(author)
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The potential role of conflict resolution schemas in adolescent psychosocial adjustment.
- 2007
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In: Social Indicators Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0303-8300 .- 1573-0921. ; 83:1, s. 25-38
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Four specific schemas of cognitive structures that adolescents may hold concerning interpersonal disagreements with their parents were identified, each reflecting an authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or a neglecting parenting style. To examine the occurrence of such schemas across high and low levels of psychosocial adjustment, 120 Swedish adolescents (50 boys, 70 girls) (mean age = 14.76 years) indicated how their parents usually approach six potential situations involving parent-adolescent conflict. Findings show that the authoritative conflict schema (compliance as a result of mutual respect) occurred more often among well-adjusted adolescents, whereas authoritarian and indulgent conflict schemas were particularly associated with low levels of psychosocial adjustment. The concept of conflict schemas may contribute to the understanding of how various parenting styles are linked to certain developmental outcomes for the adolescent.
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| 4. |
- Jutengren, Göran, et al.
(author)
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The potential role of conflict resolution schemas in adolescent psychosocial adjustment
- 2006
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In: Social Indicators Research.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Four specific schemas of cognitive structures that adolescents may hold concerning interpersonal disagreements with their parents were identified, each reflecting an authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent or a neglecting parenting style. To examine the occurrence of such schemas across high and low levels of psychosocial adjustment, 120 Swedish adolescents ( 50 boys , 70 girls) ( mean age = 14.76 years) indicated how their parents usually approach six potential situations involving parent – adolescent conflict. Findings show that the authoritative conflict schema ( compliance as a result of mutual respect) occurred more often among well- adjusted adolescents, whereas authoritarian and indulgent conflict schemas were particularly associated with low levels of psychosocial adjustment. The concept of conflict schemas may contribute to the understanding of how various parenting styles are linked to certain developmental outcomes for the adolescent..
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Oburu, Paul, et al.
(author)
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Stress related factors among primary and part-time caregiving of Kenyan Grandchildren
- 2005
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In: International Journal of Aging Human Development. ; 60:4, s. 273-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study examined whether the total stress experienced by 241 caregiv-ing grandmothers was linked to levels of care provided, child behavioural diffi-culty, and perceived availability of social and instrumental support. One hundred and twenty eight of these participants adopted their 1-10 year old orphaned grandchildren on full-time basis. The rest (113) were part-time care givers in households that also included one of these childrens biological parents. The results indicated that the full time grandmothers experienced significantly higher levels of stress than did the part-time care givers. Care giving responsi-bilities were also found to be stressful to both groups of grandmothers. The total stress experienced was related to these participants perception of child difficulty, and availability of social and instrumental support. The number of children adopted also predicted parent-child dysfunctional interactions between the part-time care givers and their grandchildren.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Palmerus, Kerstin, 1945, et al.
(author)
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Swedish parents self-reported use of discipline in response to continued misconduct by their pre-school children
- 2004
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In: Infant and Child Development. ; :13, s. 79-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examined the effects that re-occurring episodes of child transgression have on Swedish parents use of discipline strategies. Mothers and fathers from 84 two-parent families were interviewed about their responses to first- and second-time episodes of hypothetical transgressions committed by their 3-6-year-olds. The results showed that when their children did not respond to initial discipline, parents exchanged their use of verbal control for the strategies of coercion and behaviour modification and thereby increased the pressure on their children to comply. However, this finding was valid only for serious transgressions. For mild transgressions, parents behaviour was consistent across first- and second-time episodes. The conclusion that is drawn is that parents appear to be willing to follow up initial disciplining attempts. The Swedish corporal punishment ban, which has been in force since 1979, therefore appears not to have influenced parents to become permissive in their attitudes toward their childrens misconduct.
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| 9. |
- Palmérus, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Swedish Parents' Self-Reported Use of Discipline in Response to Continued Misconduct by Their Pre-school Children.
- 2004
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In: Infant and Child Development. - : Wiley. - 1522-7219 .- 1522-7227. ; 13:1, s. 79-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examined the effects that re-occurring episodes of child transgression have on Swedish parents' use of discipline strategies. Mothers and fathers from 84 two-parent families were interviewed about their responses to first- and second-time episodes of hypothetical transgressions committed by their 3-6-year-olds. The results showed that when their children did not respond to initial discipline, parents exchanged their use of verbal control for the strategies of coercion and behaviour modification and thereby increased the pressure on their children to comply. However, this finding was valid only for serious transgressions. For mild transgressions, parents' behaviour was consistent across first- and second-time episodes. The conclusion that is drawn is that parents appear to be willing to follow up initial disciplining attempts. The Swedish corporal punishment ban, which has been in force since 1979, therefore appears not to have influenced parents to become permissive in their attitudes toward their children's misconduct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)(journal abstract)
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| 10. |
- Sorbring, Emma, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Children's beliefs about the importance of gender in transgression situations
- 2004
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In: CHILD CARE HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT. - : Wiley. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 30:1, s. 39-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective In previous research, several variables are shown to have an impact on children's perception of gender. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between discipline methods and the child's beliefs about the importance of gender in transgression situations. Methods In this study, variables such as type of siblings, socioeconomic status, child's sex, parental values and shared responsibility are controlled for. Two hundred and five 8-year-old children in Sweden were interviewed about discipline methods in five transgression situations and their parents were asked to fill in a battery of questions. Results The results show that harsher discipline methods, such as behaviour modification, physical restraint and physical punishment, relate to stronger beliefs about the importance of gender in transgression situations.
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| 11. |
- Sorbring, Emma, et al.
(author)
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Childrens Discipline Attitudes and Experiences of Physical Punishment and Reasoning in Sweden
- 2005
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In: . Paper presented at the Childhoods 2005 Conference, the 29th of June the 3th of July 2005, Oslo, Norway..
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine Swedish childrens reports of experiences of and attitudes about physical punishment and reasoning. The two following ques-tions were addressed: To what extent do Swedish children report experiencing physical punishment and reasoning, and could these experiences be predicted by the gender of the parent, the gender, age, socioeconomic status and/or immigrant status of the child? What are Swedish childrens attitudes toward physical pun-ishment and reasoning, and could these attitudes be predicted by the discipline experiences, the gender, age, socioeconomic status and/or immigrant status of the child? Six to nine year old children (85 boys, 97 girls) were interviewed. No socioeco-nomic, status or gender differences were found regarding experiences of parents use of reasoning and physical punishment. Immigrant children reported higher amounts of parents use of physical punishment compared to non-immigrants. Children had more accepting attitudes towards reasoning than physical punish-ment. Older children showed greater acceptance of reasoning and less acceptance of physical punishment. Immigrant children, as well as those children who re-ported receiving higher amounts of physical punishment from their fathers, held less positive views of reasoning
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| 12. |
- Sorbring, Emma, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Girls' and boys' perception of mothers' intentions of using physical punishment and reasoning as discipline methods.
- 2006
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In: European Journal of Developmental Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1740-5629 .- 1740-5610. ; 3:2, s. 142-162
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine Swedish children's perceptions of mothers' intentions of using physical punishment and reasoning, as well as their evaluations of the mothers as being good parents. Six- to nine-year-old children were interviewed. Children's evaluations as well as reports of mothers' intentions varied according to the type of vignette presented (discipline in response to child aggression, or in response to child non-compliance), and their own parents' childrearing attitudes. Children who said that mothers who use physical punishment were “good mothers” were more likely to have parents with more traditional childrearing attitudes, and were older. Older children also evaluated mother's use of reasoning, and perceived greater intentionality in this form of discipline, compared to younger children. No gender differences were found either for perception of intention or evaluation of the mother.
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| 13. |
- Stenmarker, Margaretha, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Being a messenger of life-threatening conditions: experiences of pediatric oncologists.
- 2010
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In: Pediatric blood & cancer. - : Wiley. - 1545-5017 .- 1545-5009. ; 55:3, s. 478-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A nationwide population-based study with questionnaires involving 90 pediatric oncologists was performed in Sweden in 2006/2007. On the basis of this quantitative study, a qualitative study was performed. The aim of this qualitative study was to focus on the main concern of these physicians facing malignant disorders, psychosocial issues, and existential provocation. Furthermore, the strategies for handling these challenges were also studied.
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