| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
- Barth, Maren S., et al.
(författare)
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Emergency exit layout planning using optimization and agent-based simulation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Computational Management Science. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1619-697X .- 1619-6988. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evacuation preparedness includes ensuring proper infrastructure, resources and planning for moving people from a dangerous area to safety. This is especially important and challenging during mass gatherings, such as large concerts. In this paper, we present the Emergency Exit Layout Problem (EELP) which is the problem of locating a given number of emergency exits and deciding their width such that the time it takes to evacuate the crowd from an arena is minimized. The EELP takes into account the geography of the arena and its surroundings, as well as the number of pedestrians in the crowd and the distribution of these within the arena. The EELP is formulated as a two-stage stochastic mixed integer linear program to handle the uncertainty related to the location of the possible incidents and the distribution of the pedestrians. Two cases are studied, a large concert planned at the Leangen trotting track in Trondheim and a smaller indoor arena. For each case, the EELP is solved for different scenarios, and the suggested layouts are evaluated using an agent-based simulation model. In particular, the potential of incorporating detailed assessment regarding the location and probability of specific incidents and the distribution of pedestrians are investigated. The computational study shows that making a more detailed risk assessment has little effect on the large concert, but a significant impact on the location of the emergency exits for the smaller indoor case. The results also indicate that it is more important to consider the location and probability of specific incidents rather than the pedestrian distribution.
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| 3. |
- Hartmann, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of thermal energy communities in Germany’s heating transition
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Sustainable Cities. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-9634. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rapid decarbonisation of the energy sector is key for mitigating climate change and in this transformation a transition to renewable heating is essential. To date, most attention in both research and policy on decarbonisation has been on electricity and transport systems, with less interest in the heating system. Half of the EU’s final energy consumption is made up by the heating and cooling sector, making this an important sector for reducing fossil fuel consumption. This article addresses the lack of research on decarbonisation of heating by answering the question, what barriers and drivers do Thermal Energy Communities (TECs) perceive when trying to enter the market and play a role in the decarbonisation of heating in Germany? Eight TECs and four umbrella organisations in Germany have been interviewed about their experiences of initiating and running a TEC. The results show, amongst others, that the political support of municipalities is put forward as an essential driver and important factor for success. However, barriers for municipalities to get involved were often that they lacked expertise, capacity and financial resources. An important driver for TECs was the involvement of local experts and professionals who could support the volunteers often in charge of a TEC. The results show that TECs that included professionals had an advantage in building heating systems, as they could better address their complexity and high initial costs. Another prevalent result was the need for community engagement and citizen mobilisation, which is a greater need in heating projects compared to those focusing on electricity, due to community heating systems requiring a substantial number of customers for profitability.
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| 4. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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New Clean Energy Communities in a Changing European Energy System (NEWCOMERS) : Deliverable D3.1 Description of polycentric settings in the partner countries
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This deliverable maps the prevailing polycentric settings of six studied countries. The studied countries are the partner countries for the NEWCOMERS project, i.e. Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In this report, the countries' polycentric settings will be described in relation to the polycentric framework developed in WP 2, with specific focus on the technical system and actors. The factors in focus for the country descriptions are socio-economic conditions, technical system (electricity and heat), institutional arrangements as well as actors. Additionally, a description of energy communities in each country is presented, showing different developments in this area.The research was conducted through a desktop research. Existing literature, reports as well as statistical information were gathered and then organised according to the factors chosen.The aim in this delivery is to describe and understand the national polycentric settings as a first step to understand the emergence of new forms of energy communities. This deliverable is the basis for delivery 3.2, which will compare different polycentric national settings and delivery 3.3, which will evaluate what forms of energy communities work best in different polycentric setting and what are the potentials for learning between different polycentric settings.
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| 5. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding barriers to energy-efficiency renovations of multifamily dwellings
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 11:1, s. 53-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied how energy efficiency is discussed by professionals during renovation of multifamily dwellings, in order to capture how barriers in relation to energy measures are appearing, disappearing and transformed during the process. We did participatory observations of renovation meetings, conducted interviews with the involved professionals and studied-related documents. Our intentions have not been to assess decisions made, but to follow the process to gain a different understanding of how barriers can be understood during renovations. We can conclude that the renovation process is based on a complex series of contractural relationships, where assymetric information and lack of common goals contribute to split incentives. The results also show that the housing company’s internal organisation becomes a barrier where assymetric information and split incentives also became an in-house barrier. The decisions were often based on bounded rationality where calculations were surprisingly absent in meetings and during discussions on energy measures.
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| 6. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding energy efficiency in Swedish residential building renovation: A practice theory approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 11, s. 247-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Examining renovation processes having reduced energy consumption as an explicit goal, this article considers how energy efficiency is made part of renovation processes, focusing on the planning and design phase. Interviews and participant observations of meetings have been conducted. Applying a framework developed in practice theory, we demonstrate the importance of understanding routines, technology, meanings, and knowledge in order to understand why renovation processes repeat themselves and why a renovation practice are hard to change. The analysis shows that the professionals were only engaged in decisions in relation to their own specialized areas, which benefited established solutions. The existing technical infrastructure, such as the HVAC shafts and the district heating system, largely determined what issues were up for discussion. It was clear that practical know-how were valued much higher than theoretical knowledge. The meaning of an energy efficient renovations for the professionals was to reduce the energy consumed as much as possible in every renovated building. With this in mind, we were surprised by how little energy efficiency was on the agenda. We can conclude that there was nothing in the studied processes that could trigger changes and dislodge the inertia of the practice. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding tenants’ responses to energy efficiency renovations in public housing in Sweden : From the resigned to the demanding
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4847. ; 6, s. 2619-2626
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on the experiences of tenants in renovation projects of public housing rental apartments in Sweden. Tenants’ perspectives are under-researched in the context of energy efficiency renovation projects, which is a considerable oversight given the many ways in which such projects impact their lives. The aim of the paper is to reveal rare qualitative insights into tenants’ experiences of, and attitudes towards, energy efficiency renovations in a public housing context and the extent to which they feel motivated and able to influence the renovation project. Participatory observations at tenant meetings were conducted as well as semi-structured phone interviews. An empirically driven typology is developed indicating that tenants have different interests and attitudes regarding energy efficiency renovations. Six different types are identified: the satisfied; the demanding, the conservative, the resigned, the sceptical and the resistant.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Reindl, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Energy efficiency in the building sector: a combined middle-out and practice theory approach
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management. - 2246-2929. ; 28, s. 3-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractThe building sector in Sweden and Europe is a major energy consumer, accounting for around 40% of total energy use. It is a challenge to optimize available technical and social strategies for the fragmented construction industry. Professionals such as architects and different building engineers play a crucial role in the technology adoption process.This study aims to contribute to the understanding of how and why energy efficiency and saving measures are implemented by different professionals. The paper combines perspectives focusing the “the middle” in an organisation and social practice theory (SPT) to develop a framework which can be used to enhance the understanding of how and why energy efficiency measures are adopted in building processes. By combining these theoretical perspectives it is possible to arrive at a deeper understanding of what needs to be changed in the planning and management process to achieve a highly energy efficient renovation.
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| 10. |
- Reindl, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring PV Adoption by Non-Residential Property Owners: Applying Social Practice Theory
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management. - 2246-2929. ; 41, s. 20-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the emergence of PV adoption practices among non-residential property owners in Sweden to deepen insights into PV diffusion and accelerate a renewable electricity transition. It applies a social practice theory approach to show how different practice elements need to come together to establish a PV adoption practice.Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted with private and public non-residential property owners in southern Sweden. The results show that about half of the property owners had PV systems installed for a long period and had developed a PV adoption practice. These property owners had energy and environmental goals formulated, interacted with tenants, established routines within the company, aggregated relevant knowledge, established trusted relationships with PV installers and considered PVs a mature technology that supported the PV adoption process. On the contrary, first-time installers and non-adopters without an established PV adoption practice were missing these elements.This study is the first step towards understanding PV adoption as a practice for non-residential property owners. It contributes to an analysis of the elements that are required for a PV adoption practice to emerge. The practical relevance of the study is that it can facilitate and support non-residential property owners to adopt PV systems and contribute to a renewable electricity transition.
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| 11. |
- Reindl, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Fastighetsägare som prosumenter – stödstrukturer och hinder
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Solceller har en viktig roll att fylla för att uppnå politiskt fattade mål om 100%hållbart elsystem. Det är rimligt att anta att det är i bebyggelsen som en storutbyggnad kommer att behöva ske eftersom det är existerande strukturermed nätanslutningar där det också finns möjlighet att använda den solel somproduceras. Fastighetsägare blir därmed en viktig aktörsgrupp att engagera.En relativt outforskad grupp är fastighetsägare till lokaler och det är dem somär fokuserade i detta projekt.Det övergripande syftet med detta projekt är att kartlägga och analyseraförutsättningar för att vi ska se en betydande ökning av antalet prosumenterhos privata och offentliga fastighetsägare av lokaler och vilken betydelse ensådan ökning kommer att få för elsystemens etablerade aktörer.Studien har genomförts i samverkan mellan Lunds universitet och EnergikontorSkåne. En litteraturstudie, en enkät och intervjuer har kombinerats ochdet är fastighetsägare med fastigheter i Skåne som varit i fokus.De vanligaste hindren för att installera solpaneler var kopplade till ekonomi,information och kunskap och administration. Även brist på lagringsmöjligheteroch affärsmodeller för hur kostnader och vinster ska fördelas bland hyresgästernämndes av flera. Vanliga drivkrafter som omnämndes var tillgången tillsubventioner, att det fanns ett miljöengagemang i företaget och möjlighetenatt minska framtida kostnader. I Sverige lyfte fastighetsägarna också frambyggnadsrenoveringar som en drivkraft, där en renovering skapade möjlighetenatt samtidigt installera solceller.Teknik omnämndes av viss som hinder och andra som möjlighet. En delfastighetsägare var entusiastiska över att testa den nya tekniken och såg solcellersom en enkel teknik. Andra fastighetsägare tyckte att tekniken kändessvår att ha i fastigheten. Ytterligare några vara oroliga att effektiviteten hossolcellerna skulle minska snabbare än vad säljarna uppgav eller att teknikensnart skulle bli föråldrad på grund av den snabba tekniska utvecklingen.
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| 12. |
- Reindl, Katharina, 1984-
(författare)
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Implementing energy measures in renovations for multi-family dwellings : Influence and practice of professionals
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aging buildings will sooner or later be in need of renovation, which opens opportunities to reduce energy use. Even if economically feasible energy measures or technologies exist, they are not always implemented, leading to an energy efficiency gap. This dissertation deals with how energy measures are handled and why they are enabled or disabled during the planning and design of renovations. During renovations, different kinds of building professionals are engaged, here referred to as middle professionals. The meeting practice of the professionals is investigated, with a focus on how the middle professionals exert influence from the middle-out and to the top and bottom, and how and why they enable or disable measures aimed at energy efficiency or reduction. Three renovation projects are followed in the municipality-owned housing company Stångåstaden, in Linköping, Sweden. The housing company’s goal is to reduce the amount of purchased energy by 25% by 2025. Methods applied during the research are semi-structured interviews, participant observations and document analysis. The conclusions show that energy measures were implemented, but more can be done in renovations. Predefined meeting agendas make the process efficient but not flexible, thus it can be difficult to introduce innovations and alternative ways of thinking into the process. The professionals usually selected measures they had used before. Energy calculations attracted little interest compared to the aggregated knowledge from previous projects, and experience and tacit knowledge were highly valued. This and more lead to a renovation process where it is difficult for energy to enter the current meeting practice.
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| 13. |
- Reindl, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Installing PV: Barriers and enablers experienced by non-residential property owners
- 2021
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Ingår i: Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-0321. ; 141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is huge potential to increase installation of photovoltaics (PV) using the roofs of non-residential buildings. While barriers to and enablers of the adoption of PV in residential buildings are well studied, this is not the case for non-residential buildings. This article is intended to fill this research gap by mapping barriers to and enablers of PV adoption by property owners of non-residential buildings. This was done through a literature review and an empirical study in Sweden using a survey and semi-structured interviews.Common barriers identified in earlier research and in the present Swedish empirical study include economic, information/knowledge, and administrative/organizational barriers. New barriers identified in this Swedish study include building construction, lack of electricity storage, and tenants’ existing electricity supply contracts. Enablers identified in this Swedish and in earlier research include subsidies, environmental concerns, and expense reduction. The Swedish material also revealed enablers not mentioned in earlier studies, such as the opportunity to earn money and taking advantage of third-party ownership.Mapping barriers and enablers in research and in practice is an important step to understand why a wider diffusion is not happening. It is also important for developing new, creative ways of approaching companies and as a base when developing policy interventions. This study contributes to such a mapping for the non-residential sector.
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