| 1. |
- Labit, B., et al.
(författare)
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Dependence on plasma shape and plasma fueling for small edge-localized mode regimes in TCV and ASDEX Upgrade
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved. Within the EUROfusion MST1 work package, a series of experiments has been conducted on AUG and TCV devices to disentangle the role of plasma fueling and plasma shape for the onset of small ELM regimes. On both devices, small ELM regimes with high confinement are achieved if and only if two conditions are fulfilled at the same time. Firstly, the plasma density at the separatrix must be large enough (ne,sep/nG ∼ 0.3), leading to a pressure profile flattening at the separatrix, which stabilizes type-I ELMs. Secondly, the magnetic configuration has to be close to a double null (DN), leading to a reduction of the magnetic shear in the extreme vicinity of the separatrix. As a consequence, its stabilizing effect on ballooning modes is weakened.
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| 2. |
- Ferrario, M., et al.
(författare)
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IRIDE : Interdisciplinary research infrastructure based on dual electron linacs and lasers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 740, s. 138-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the scientific aims and potentials as well as the preliminary technical design of RUDE, an innovative tool for multi-disciplinary investigations in a wide field of scientific, technological and industrial applications. IRIDE will be a high intensity "particles factory", based on a combination of high duty cycle radio-frequency superconducting electron linacs and of high energy lasers. Conceived to provide unique research possibilities for particle physics, for condensed matter physics, chemistry and material science, for structural biology and industrial applications, IRIDE will open completely new research possibilities and advance our knowledge in many branches of science and technology. [RIDE is also supposed to be realized in subsequent stages of development depending on the assigned priorities.
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| 3. |
- Pucella, G., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the FTU results
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 62:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the 2018 IAEA FEC Conference, FTU operations have been devoted to several experiments covering a large range of topics, from the investigation of the behaviour of a liquid tin limiter to the runaway electrons mitigation and control and to the stabilization of tearing modes by electron cyclotron heating and by pellet injection. Other experiments have involved the spectroscopy of heavy metal ions, the electron density peaking in helium doped plasmas, the electron cyclotron assisted start-up and the electron temperature measurements in high temperature plasmas. The effectiveness of the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy system has been demonstrated and the new capabilities of the runaway electron imaging spectrometry system for in-flight runaways studies have been explored. Finally, a high resolution saddle coil array for MHD analysis and UV and SXR diamond detectors have been successfully tested on different plasma scenarios.
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| 6. |
- Fujii, J., et al.
(författare)
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Identifying the Electronic Character and Role of the Mn States in the Valence Band of (Ga,Mn)As
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 111:9, s. 097201-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report high-resolution hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy results on (Ga,Mn)As films as a function of Mn doping. Supported by theoretical calculations we identify, for both low (1%) and high (13%) Mn doping values, the electronic character of the states near the top of the valence band. Magnetization and temperature-dependent core-level photoemission spectra reveal how the delocalized character of the Mn states enables the bulk ferromagnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)As.
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| 7. |
- King, James A., et al.
(författare)
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Trends in hospitalisation rates for inflammatory bowel disease in western versus newly industrialised countries : a population-based study of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 2468-1253. ; 4:4, s. 287-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hospitalisation rates for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) vary across the world. We aimed to investigate temporal patterns of hospitalisation for IBD in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).Methods: From the OECD database, we assessed IBD-related hospitalisation rates (expressed as annual rates per 100 000 inhabitants) for 34 countries from 1990 to 2016. We calculated mean hospitalisation rates for the period 2010-15 and used joinpoint regression models to calculate average annual percentage changes with 95% CIs.Findings: Mean hospitalisation rates for IBD from 2010 to 2015 were highest in North America (eg, 33.9 per 100 000 in the USA), Europe (eg, 72.9 per 100 000 in Austria), and Oceania (eg, 31.5 per 100 000 in Australia). Hospitalisation rates for IBD were stabilising or decreasing over time in many countries in these regions but increasing in others. Countries in Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean had the lowest IBD-related hospitalisation rates but the greatest increases in rates over time. For example, Turkey had an annual hospitalisation rate of 10.8 per 100 000 inhabitants and an average annual percentage change of 10.4% (95% CI 5.2-15.9). Similarly, Chile had an annual hospitalisation rate of 9.0 per 100 000 inhabitants and an average annual percentage change of 5.9% (4.9-7.0).Interpretation: Hospitalisation rates for IBD are high in western countries but are typically stabilising or decreasing, whereas rates in many newly industrialised countries are rapidly increasing, which reflects the known increase in IBD prevalence in these countries. Potential explanations for these trends include changes in the epidemiology of IBD, health-care delivery, and infrastructure in these countries, as well as overall country-specific patterns in hospitalisations and differences between countries in data collection methods.
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| 8. |
- Panaccione, G., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of surface-bulk screening competition in the electron-doped Nd2-xCexCuO4 cuprate using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 77:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report core level and valence band photoemission results obtained for Nd2-xCexCuO4 (x = 0.15) single crystals and films by using both soft and hard x rays, hence, with tunable depth sensitivity. When using hard x rays only, we observe distinct and energy separated structures in the main 2p(5)3d(9)L peak of Cu 2p(3/2) and 2p(1/2) core levels, including the well screened features located at the high kinetic energy side, which were recently reported by Taguchi et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 177002 (2005)]. By varying the photoelectron takeoff angle, we analyze the difference in the screening properties between surface and bulk, and we demonstrate the depth dependence of the electronic properties by following the evolution of the bulk-related peak. The possible influence of the surface conditions on the Cu 2p spectral features is also discussed.
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| 11. |
- Panaccione, G., et al.
(författare)
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Coherent peaks and minimal probing depth in photoemission spectroscopy of Mott-Hubbard systems
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 97:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have measured hard x-ray photoemission spectra of pure vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) across its metal-insulator transition. We show that, in the metallic phase, a clear correlation exists between the shakedown satellites observed in the vanadium 2p and 3p core-level spectra and the coherent peak measured at the Fermi level. Comparing experimental results and dynamical mean-field theory calculations, we estimate the Hubbard energy U in V2O3 (4.20 +/- 0.05 eV). From our bulk-sensitive photoemission spectra we infer the existence of a critical probing depth for investigating electronic properties in strongly correlated solids.
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| 13. |
- Caron, Bénédicte, et al.
(författare)
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IOIBD Recommendations for Clinical Trials in Ulcerative Proctitis : the PROCTRIAL Consensus
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 20:11, s. 2169-2627.e1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Clinical trials evaluating biologics and small molecules in patients with ulcerative colitis are predominantly excluding ulcerative proctitis. The objective of the PROCTRIAL (Definition and endpoints for ulcerative PROCtitis in clinical TRIALs) initiative was to develop consensus statements for definitions, inclusion criteria, and endpoints for the evaluation of ulcerative proctitis in adults.METHODS: Thirty-five international experts held a consensus meeting to define ulcerative proctitis, and the endpoints to use in clinical trials. Based on a systematic review of the literature, statements were generated, discussed, and approved by the working group participants using a modified Delphi method. Consensus was defined as at least 75% agreement among voters.RESULTS: The group agreed that the diagnosis of ulcerative proctitis should be made by ileocolonoscopy and confirmed by histopathology, with the exclusion of infections, drug-induced causes, radiation, trauma, and Crohn's disease. Ulcerative proctitis was defined as macroscopic extent of lesions limited to 15 cm distance from the anal verge in adults. Primary and secondary endpoints were identified to capture response of ulcerative proctitis to therapy. A combined clinical and endoscopic primary endpoint for the evaluation of ulcerative proctitis disease activity is proposed. Secondary endpoints which should be evaluated include endoscopic remission, histological remission, mucosal healing, histologic endoscopic mucosal improvement, disability, fecal incontinence, urgency, constipation, and health-related quality of life.CONCLUSION: In response to the need for guidance on the design of clinical trials in patients with ulcerative proctitis, the PROCTRIAL consensus provides recommendations on the definition and endpoints for ulcerative proctitis clinical trials.
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| 14. |
- King, James A., et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of Celiac Disease Is Increasing Over Time : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 115:4, s. 507-525
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that defines the worldwide incidence of celiac disease (CD) and examines temporal trends.METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for population-based studies reporting the incidence of CD in the overall population, children, or adults. No limits were placed on year or language of publication. Studies solely examining at-risk populations (e.g., patients with type 1 diabetes) were excluded. Random-effects models were performed to meta-analyze sex- and age-specific incidence in the 21st century. Temporal trend analyses assessed the average annual percent change in CD incidence over time.RESULTS: Of 11,189 citations, 86 eligible studies were identified for inclusion, of which 50 were deemed suitable for analyses. In the 21st century, the pooled female incidence of CD was 17.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7, 21.1) (I-2= 99.5%) per 100,000 person-years, compared with 7.8 (95% CI: 6.3, 9.2) (I-2= 98.6%) in males. Child-specific incidence was 21.3 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI: 15.9, 26.7) (I-2= 99.7%) compared with 12.9 (95% CI: 7.6, 18.2) (I-2= 99.9%) in adults. Pooling average annual percent changes showed the incidence of CD to be increasing by 7.5% (95% CI: 5.8, 9.3) (I-2= 79.6%) per year over the past several decades.DISCUSSION: Incidence of CD is highest in females and children. Overall, the incidence has been significantly rising in the latter half of the 20th century and into the 21st century throughout the Western world. Population-based studies in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are needed to provide a comprehensive picture of the global incidence of CD.
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| 17. |
- Papalazarou, E., et al.
(författare)
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Valence-band electronic structure of V2O3 : Identification of V and O bands
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 80:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a comprehensive study of the photon energy dependence of the valence band photoemission yield in the prototype Mott-Hubbard oxide V2O3. The analysis of our experimental results, covering an extended photon energy range (20-6000 eV) and combined with GW calculations, allows us to identify the nature of the orbitals contributing to the total spectral weight at different binding energies, and in particular to locate the V 4s states at about 8 eV binding energy. From this comparative analysis, we conclude that the intensity of the quasiparticle photoemission peak, observed close to the Fermi level in the paramagnetic metallic phase upon increasing photon energy, does not have a significant correlation with the intensity variation in the O 2p and V 3d yield, thus, confirming that bulk sensitivity is an essential requirement for the detection of this coherent low-energy excitation.
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