| 1. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D intake and BMI during pregnancy in relation to child's growth and weight status from birth to 8 years: a large national cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To examine the associations between maternal vitamin D intake and childhood growth and risk of overweight up to 8 years. We further examined the effect modification by maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). Design Prospective population-based pregnancy cohort study. Setting The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Participants In total, 58 724 mothers and 66 840 singleton children, with information on maternal vitamin D intake during the pregnancy and minimum one postnatal anthropometric measurement. Outcome measures Predicted weight and height growth trajectories and velocities from 1 month to 8 years, rapid growth during infancy and toddlerhood, and risk of overweight in preschool and school age. Results Overall, maternal vitamin D intake was associated with lower weight trajectory, lower odds of rapid weight growth and higher odds of childhood overweight. In children of mothers with prepregnancy normal weight, maternal vitamin D intake was negatively associated with weight trajectory and lower OR of a rapid weight growth during the first year, compared with reference (<5 mu g/day). Children of mothers with normal weight, with maternal vitamin D intakes of 10-15 and >15 mu g/day, also had 0.86 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.97) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.99) lower odds for overweight at 3 years, compared with reference. In contrast, in children of mothers with prepregnancy overweight (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)), vitamin D intake was positively associated with weight trajectory. Children of mothers with overweight, with maternal vitamin D intake of 5-9.9 mu g/day, also had (1.09 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.18) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.23)) higher odds for overweight at 5 years and 8 years, compared with reference. Conclusions Maternal vitamin D intake affects postnatal growth and is inversely associated with childhood overweight in children of mothers with normal weight. Associations between maternal vitamin D intake and child growth and risk of overweight varied by prepregnancy BMI.
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| 2. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D status and risk of childhood overweight at 5 years of age in two Nordic cohort studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - 2296-861X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionMaternal vitamin D status during pregnancy has been suggested to have a role in childhood adiposity development, but results are conflicting. Our aims were to investigate [1] the relationships between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) during pregnancy and the child's body mass index (BMI) and risk of overweight at 5 years of age, and [2] maternal pre-pregnancy BMI as effect modifier for these associations. MethodsData sources included a subsample from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa sub-cohort; N = 2,744) and the Swedish GraviD cohort study (N = 891). Maternal 25OHD was analyzed in gestational week 18 in the MoBa sub-cohort and week 10 in the GraviD cohort. In the MoBa sub-cohort, parents reported their child's documented measures of weight and length or height from the health card at routine check-up. In the GraviD cohort, this information was collected directly from medical records. Childhood overweight (including obesity) was identified using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between maternal 25OHD and child's BMI and risk of overweight at 5 years of age in each cohort separately, and in a pooled dataset. ResultsIn the pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD <30 nmol/L was associated with lower BMI in children at 5 years of age, but not with risk of overweight. Interaction analysis showed that the association was predominant among children of mothers with pre-pregnancy BMI & GE;25 kg/m(2). ConclusionLow maternal vitamin D status, particularly in mothers with overweight or obesity, predicted lower BMI in their five-year-old children. However, there was no evidence of an effect on overweight in these children.
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| 3. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal vitamin D status in relation to infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years of age in two prospective pregnancy cohorts
- 2022
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Ingår i: Obesity Science & Practice. - : Wiley. - 2055-2238. ; 8:5, s. 670-681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Early childhood growth can affect the child's health status later in life. Maternal vitamin D status has been suggested to affect early childhood growth. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the role of maternal vitamin D status on growth trajectories during infancy. By using growth mixture modeling (GMM), maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy can be investigated in relation to different classes of infant growth trajectories. Objectives: To examine the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and classes of infant body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories. Methods: Mother-child pairs were included from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa, n = 2522) and the Swedish GraviD cohort (n = 862). Maternal 25OHD in pregnancy was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Children's weights and heights were registry-based. GMM identified classes of infant BMI growth trajectories up to 2 years. The association between maternal 25OHD and infant BMI class by cohort was estimated using a log-link generalized linear model. Mixed model analysis estimated the pooled association including both cohorts. Results: Two infant BMI classes were identified, stable normal and stable high. In MoBa, maternal 25OHD <50 and 50-75 nmol/L were associated (RR 2.70, 95% CI 1.26-5.77 and RR 2.56, 95% CI 1.20-5.47) with a higher risk of the infant stable high BMI class, compared with 25OHD >75 nmol/L. In GraviD, no association was found. In pooled analysis, maternal 25OHD <= 75 nmol/L was non-significantly associated with a higher risk of the stable high BMI growth class. Conclusions: Maternal 250HD <= 75 nmol/L may be associated with a higher class of BMI growth trajectory during infancy.
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| 4. |
- Amberntsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D intake and determinants of vitamin D status during pregnancy in The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition. - 2296-861X. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNorwegian data on vitamin D status among pregnant women indicate a moderate to high prevalence of insufficient vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations & LE;50 nmol/L). There is a lack of population-based research on vitamin D intake and determinants of 25OHD in pregnant women from northern latitudes. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate total vitamin D intake from both diet and supplements, (2) to investigate determinants of vitamin D status, and (3) to investigate the predicted response in vitamin D status by total vitamin D intake, in pregnant Norwegian women. MethodsIn total, 2,960 pregnant women from The Norwegian Environmental Biobank, a sub-study within The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), were included. Total vitamin D intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire in gestational week 22. Concentrations of plasma 25OHD was analyzed by automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method in gestational week 18. Candidate determinant variables of 25OHD were chosen using stepwise backward selection and investigated using multivariable linear regression. Predicted 25OHD by total vitamin D intake, overall and stratified by season and pre-pregnancy BMI, was explored using restricted cubic splines in an adjusted linear regression. ResultsOverall, about 61% of the women had a total vitamin D intake below the recommended intake. The main contributors to total vitamin D intake were vitamin D supplements, fish, and fortified margarine. Higher 25OHD concentrations were associated with (in descending order of the beta estimates) summer season, use of solarium, higher vitamin D intake from supplements, origin from high income country, lower pre-pregnancy BMI, higher age, higher vitamin D intake from foods, no smoking during pregnancy, higher education and energy intake. During October-May, a vitamin D intake according to the recommended intake was predicted to reach sufficient 25OHD concentrations >50 nmoL/L. ConclusionThe findings from this study highlight the importance of the vitamin D intake, as one of few modifiable determinants, to reach sufficient 25OHD concentrations during months when dermal synthesis of vitamin D is absent.
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| 5. |
- Dawson, Michael N., et al.
(författare)
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A second horizon scan of biogeography: Golden ages, Midas touches, and the Red Queen
- 2016
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Ingår i: Frontiers of Biogeography. - : University of California. - 1948-6596. ; 8:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are we entering a new 'Golden Age' of biogeography, with continued development of infrastructure and ideas? We highlight recent developments, and the challenges and opportunities they bring, in light of the snapshot provided by the 7th biennial meeting of the International Biogeography Society (IBS 2015). We summarize themes in and across 15 symposia using narrative analysis and word clouds, which we complement with recent publication trends and 'research fronts'. We find that biogeography is still strongly defined by core sub-disciplines that reflect its origins in botanical, zoological (particularly bird and mammal), and geographic (e.g., island, montane) studies of the 1800s. That core is being enriched by large datasets (e.g. of environmental variables, 'omics', species' occurrences, traits) and new techniques (e.g., advances in genetics, remote sensing, modeling) that promote studies with increasing detail and at increasing scales; disciplinary breadth is being diversified (e.g., by developments in paleobiogeography and microbiology) and integrated through the transfer of approaches and sharing of theory (e.g., spatial modeling and phylogenetics in evolutionary-ecological contexts). Yet some subdisciplines remain on the fringe (e.g., marine biogeography, deep-time paleobiogeography), new horizons and new theory may be overshadowed by popular techniques (e.g., species distribution modelling), and hypotheses, data, and analyses may each be wanting. Trends in publication suggest a shift away from traditional biogeography journals to multidisciplinary or open access journals. Thus, there are currently many opportunities and challenges as biogeography increasingly addresses human impacts on, and stewardship of, the planet (e.g., Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services). As in the past, biogeographers doubtless will continue to be engaged by new data and methods in exploring the nexus between biology and geography for decades into the future. But golden ages come and go, and they need not touch every domain in a discipline nor affect subdisciplines at the same time; moreover, what appears to be a Golden Age may sometimes have an undesirable 'Midas touch'. Contexts within and outwith biogeography-e.g., methods, knowledge, climate, biodiversity, politics-are continually changing, and at times it can be challenging to establish or maintain relevance. In so many races with the Red Queen, we suggest that biogeography will enjoy greatest success if we also increasingly engage with the epistemology of our discipline.
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| 15. |
- Bountouvi, Evangelia, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Data in Patients with Niemann-Pick Type C Disease Under Combined High Intrathecal and Low Intravenous Dose of 2-hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Innovations in clinical neuroscience. - 2158-8333. ; 18:1-3, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Niemann-Pick Type C disease (NPC) is a rare, incurable, autosomal-recessive, lysosomal storage disorder with protean and progressive neurovisceral manifestations characterized by accumulation of intracellular unesterified cholesterol. The investigational use of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in the treatment of NPC has shown promising results in improving life expectancy and reducing neurological damage in this patient population. This case report describes two children with the neurological form of NPC: a 5-year-old male patient in advanced stage of the disease and an 11-year-old female patient in moderately advanced stage. Despite treatment with the enzyme inhibitor, miglustat, both patients continued to exhibit severe neurodegeneration. High intrathecal (900mg) and low intravenous (350-500mg/kg) doses of HP-β-CD (Trappsol®Cyclo™) were administrated twice monthly to the patients in addition to miglustat therapy. The patients were monitored clinically as well as by imaging, laboratory, and biomarker (e.g., total tau protein [T-tau]; phosphorylated tau [P-tau]; neurofilament light [NFL], oxysterols) studies over a period of 16 to 22 months. The combination therapy of miglustat and HP-β-CD resulted in disease stabilization in both patients. The combination therapy demonstrated a good safety profile, and no adverse effects on hearing were observed. Additionally, CSF biomarkers appeared useful in monitoring neuronal damage. Large, randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Giovanoulis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of exposure to phthalate esters and DINCH in urine and nails from a Norwegian study population
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 151, s. 80-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phthalate esters (PEs) and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) used as additives in numerous consumer products are continuously released into the environment, leading to subsequent human exposure which might cause adverse health effects. The human biomonitoring approach allows the detection of PEs and DINCH in specific populations, by taking into account all possible routes of exposure (e.g. inhalation, transdermal and oral) and all relevant sources (e.g. air, dust, personal care products, diet). We have investigated the presence of nine PE and two DINCH metabolites and their exposure determinants in 61 adult residents of the Oslo area (Norway). Three urine spots and fingernails were collected from each participant according to established sampling protocols. Metabolite analysis was performed by LC-MS/MS. Metabolite levels in urine were used to back-calculate the total exposure to their corresponding parent compound. The primary monoesters, such as monomethyl phthalate (MMP, geometric mean 89.7 ng/g), monoethyl phthalate (MEP, 104.8 ng/g) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP, 893 ng/g) were observed in higher levels in nails, whereas the secondary bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and DINCH oxidative metabolites were more abundant in urine (detection frequency 84-100%). The estimated daily intakes of PEs and DINCH for this Norwegian population did not exceed the established tolerable daily intake and reference doses, and the cumulative risk assessment for combined exposure to plasticizers with similar toxic endpoints indicated no health concerns for the selected population. We found a moderate positive correlation between MEP levels in 3 urine spots and nails (range: 0.56-0.68). Higher frequency of personal care products use was associated with greater MEP concentrations in both urine and nail samples. Increased age, smoking, wearing plastic gloves during house cleaning, consuming food with plastic packaging and eating with hands were associated with higher levels in urine and nails for some of the metabolites. In contrast, frequent hair and hand washing was associated with lower urinary levels of monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (5-OH-MEHP), respectively.
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| 18. |
- Giovanoulis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-pathway human exposure assessment of phthalate esters and DINCH
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 112, s. 115-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phthalate esters are substances mainly used as plasticizers in various applications. Some have been restricted and phased out due to their adverse health effects and ubiquitous presence, leading to the introduction of alternative plasticizers, such as DINCH. Using a comprehensive dataset from a Norwegian study population, human exposure to DMP, DEP, DnBP, DiBP, BBzP, DEHP, DINP, DIDP, DPHP and DINCH was assessed by measuring their presence in external exposure media, allowing an estimation of the total intake, as well as the relative importance of different uptake pathways. Intake via different uptake routes, in particular inhalation, dermal absorption, and oral uptake was estimated and total intake based on all uptake pathways was compared to the calculated intake from biomonitoring data. Hand wipe results were used to determine dermal uptake and compared to other exposure sources such as air, dust and personal care products. Results showed that the calculated total intakes were similar, but slightly higher than those based on biomonitoring methods by 1.1 to 3 times (median), indicating a good understanding of important uptake pathways. The relative importance of different uptake pathways was comparable to other studies, where inhalation was important for lower molecular weight phthalates, and negligible for the higher molecular weight phthalates and DINCH. Dietary intake was the predominant exposure route for all analyzed substances. Dermal uptake based on hand wipes was much lower (median up to 2000 times) than the total dermal uptake via air, dust and personal care products. Still, dermal uptake is not a well-studied exposure pathway and several research gaps (e.g. absorption fractions) remain. Based on calculated intakes, the exposure for the Norwegian participants to the phthalates and DINCH was lower than health based limit values. Nevertheless, exposure to alternative plasticizers, such as DPHP and DINCH, is expected to increase in the future and continuous monitoring is required.
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| 19. |
- Niss, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Polyglutamine expanded Ataxin-7 alters FUS localization and function in a SCA7 cell model
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases, such as Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7, are caused by the expansion of a CAG/polyglutamine repeat in a disease specific gene/protein. Misfolding and aggregation of the expanded protein can be observed in all polyQ disorders and sequestration of vital proteins into the aggregates formed have been suggested as a common pathological mechanism. FUS, an RNA binding protein, is frequently observed in polyglutamine aggregates. However, whether or not FUS disruption contributes to polyQ pathology is not clear.To address this question we used confocal microscopy, cell fractionation, filter traps and western blot, to study how FUS localization and function is affected by the SCA7 disease protein ataxin-7 (ATXN7). We found that aggregates formed by polyQ expanded ATXN7 were to a high degree also FUS positive and FUS re-distributed into the insoluble cell fraction together with mutant ATXN7. Moreover, a shift in abundance of FUS from the nucleus to the cytoplasm was observed and associated with altered levels of FUS regulated mRNAs in mutant ATXN7 expressing cells. However, some of the affected mRNAs are also regulated by the RNA binding protein TDP-43, which we could also show co-localized with ATXN7 aggregates using microscopy. Moreover, increased phosphorylation of serine 409/410 in TDP-43, which has been linked to TDP-43 neurotoxicity, could be observed in mutant ATXN7 expressing cells. Taken together, these findings lead us to conclude that disruption of FUS and also TDP-43 could potentially play a role in SCA7 pathology.
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| 20. |
- TEDDY study group, The, et al.
(författare)
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The environmental determinants of diabetes in the young (TEDDY) study: Study design
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 8:5, s. 286-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary objective of this multicenter, multinational, epidemiological study is the identification of infectious agents, dietary factors, or other environmental exposures that are associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Factors affecting specific phenotypic manifestations such as early age of onset or rate of progression or with protection from the development of T1DM will also be identified. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an observational cohort study in which newborns who are younger than 4 months and have high-risk human leukocyte antigen alleles in the general population or are first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients affected with T1DM will be enrolled. Six clinical centers in the USA and Europe will screen 361 588 newborns, of which it is anticipated that 17 804 will be eligible for enrollment with just over 7800 followed. Recruitment will occur over 5 yr, with children being followed to the age of 15 yr. Identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and result in new strategies to prevent, delay, or reverse T1DM.
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| 21. |
- Vivier, Pierre-Hugues, et al.
(författare)
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Standardization of pediatric uroradiological terms : A multidisciplinary European glossary
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-5131 .- 1873-4898. ; 13:6, s. 641-650
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To promote the standardization of nephro-uroradiological terms used in children, the European Society of Pediatric Radiology uroradiology taskforce wrote a detailed glossary. This work has been subsequently submitted to European experts in pediatric urology and nephrology for discussion and acceptance to improve the quality of radiological reports and communication among different clinicians involved in pediatric urology and nephrology.
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| 22. |
- Vivier, Pierre-Hugues, et al.
(författare)
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Standardization of pediatric uroradiological terms : a multidisciplinary European glossary
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pediatric Radiology. - : SPRINGER. - 0301-0449 .- 1432-1998. ; 48:2, s. 291-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To promote the standardization of nephro-uroradiological terms used in children, the European Society of Paediatric Radiology uroradiology taskforce wrote a detailed glossary. This work has been subsequently submitted to European experts in pediatric urology and nephrology for discussion and acceptance to improve the quality of radiological reports and communication between different clinicians involved in pediatric urology and nephrology.
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| 23. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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