| 1. |
- Barranco, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Levels of activity of superoxide dismutase in seminal plasma do not predict fertility of pig AI-semen doses
- 2019
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Ingår i: Theriogenology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0093-691X .- 1879-3231. ; 140, s. 18-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a major antioxidant enzyme in boar seminal plasma (SP). This study evaluated how SP-SOD affected sperm attributes when semen of boars of various breeds, included in commercial artificial insemination (Al)-programs, was extended and liquid-stored at 17 degrees C for AI; as well as their in vivo fertility (farrowing rate and litter size of 10,952 AI-sows). SP-SOD-activity was assessed in 311 ejaculates (100 boars) while sperm motility (by CASA), viability and intracellular H2O2 generation in viable spermatozoa (by flow cytometry) were measured at 0 and 72 h of liquid storage. SP-SOD activity was not affected by breed but differed (P amp;lt; 0.001) between boars (n = 50), ranging from 1.16 +/- 0.11 to 7.02 +/- 0.75 IU/mL. Semen Al-doses (n =44) hierarchically grouped (P amp;lt; 0.001) with low SP-SOD activity showed lower (P amp;lt; 0.05) sperm motility and intracellular H2O2 at 72 h of liquid storage. Fertility did not differ between AI-boars (n = 39) hierarchically grouped (P amp;lt; 0.001) with high or low SP-SOD activity. In conclusion, SP-SOD activity is boar dependent and positively related with sperm functionality of liquid stored semen AI-doses. However, this positive effect is not reflected on in vivo fertility post-AI. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Barranco, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Seminal Plasma Modulates miRNA Expression by Sow Genital Tract Lining Explants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biomolecules. - : MDPI. - 2218-273X. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The seminal plasma (SP) modulates the female reproductive immune environment after mating, and microRNAs (miRNAs) could participate in the process. Considering that the boar ejaculate is built by fractions differing in SP-composition, this study evaluated whether exposure of mucosal explants of the sow internal genital tract (uterus, utero-tubal junction and isthmus) to different SP-fractions changed the profile of explant-secreted miRNAs. Mucosal explants retrieved from oestrus sows (n = 3) were in vitro exposed to: Medium 199 (M199, Control) or M199 supplemented (1:40 v/v) with SP from the sperm-rich fraction (SRF), the post-SRF or the entire recomposed ejaculate, for 16 h. After, the explants were cultured in M199 for 24 h to finally collect the media for miRNA analyses using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 Array (Affymetrix). Fifteen differentially expressed (False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05 and Fold-change ≥ 2) miRNAs (11 down- versus 4 up-regulated) were identified (the most in the media of uterine explants incubated with SP from post-SRF). Bioinformatics analysis identified that predicted target genes of dysregulated miRNAs, mainly miR-34b, miR-205, miR-4776-3p and miR-574-5p, were involved in functions and pathways related to immune response. In conclusion, SP is able to elicit changes in the miRNAs profile secreted by female genital tract, ultimately depending SP-composition.
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| 3. |
- Cánovas, Rocio, et al.
(författare)
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Cytotoxicity Study of Ionophore-Based Membranes : Toward On Body and in Vivo Ion Sensing
- 2019
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Ingår i: ACS Sensors. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2379-3694. ; 4:9, s. 2524-2535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the most complete study to date comprising in vitro cytotoxicity tests of ion-selective membranes (ISMs) in terms of cell viability, proliferation, and adhesion assays with human dermal fibroblasts. ISMs were prepared with different types of plasticizers and ionophores to be tested in combination with assays that focus on the medium-term and long-term leaching of compounds. Furthermore, the ISMs were prepared in different configurations considering (i) inner-filling solution-type electrodes, (ii) all-solid-state electrodes based on a conventional drop-cast of the membrane, (iii) peeling after the preparation of a wearable sensor, and (iv) detachment from a microneedle-based sensor, thus covering a wide range of membrane shapes. One of the aims of this study, other than the demonstration of the biocompatibility of various ISMs and materials tested herein, is to create an awareness in the scientific community surrounding the need to perform biocompatibility assays during the the very first steps of any sensor development with an intended biomedical application. This will foster meeting the requirements for subsequent on-body application of the sensor and avoiding further problems during massive validations toward the final in vivo use and commercialization of such devices.
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| 4. |
- Cuartero, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable Potentiometric Sensors for Medical Applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 19:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wearable potentiometric sensors have received considerable attention owing to their great potential in a wide range of physiological and clinical applications, particularly involving ion detection in sweat. Despite the significant progress in the manner that potentiometric sensors are integrated in wearable devices, in terms of materials and fabrication approaches, there is yet plenty of room for improvement in the strategy adopted for the sample collection. Essentially, this involves a fluidic sampling cell for continuous sweat analysis during sport performance or sweat accumulation via iontophoresis induction for one-spot measurements in medical settings. Even though the majority of the reported papers from the last five years describe on-body tests of wearable potentiometric sensors while the individual is practicing a physical activity, the medical utilization of these devices has been demonstrated on very few occasions and only in the context of cystic fibrosis diagnosis. In this sense, it may be important to explore the implementation of wearable potentiometric sensors into the analysis of other biofluids, such as saliva, tears and urine, as herein discussed. While the fabrication and uses of wearable potentiometric sensors vary widely, there are many common issues related to the analytical characterization of such devices that must be consciously addressed, especially in terms of sensor calibration and the validation of on-body measurements. After the assessment of key wearable potentiometric sensors reported over the last five years, with particular attention paid to those for medical applications, the present review offers tentative guidance regarding the characterization of analytical performance as well as analytical and clinical validations, thereby aiming at generating debate in the scientific community to allow for the establishment of well-conceived protocols.
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| 5. |
- Fuoco, Tiziana, PhD, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing the Real-Time Hydrolytic Degradation of a Library of Biomedical Polymers by Combining Traditional Assessment and Electrochemical Sensors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 22:2, s. 949-960
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed an innovative methodology to overcome the lack of techniques for real-time assessment of degradable biomedical polymers at physiological conditions. The methodology was established by combining polymer characterization techniques with electrochemical sensors. The in vitro hydrolytic degradation of a series of aliphatic polyesters was evaluated by following the molar mass decrease and the mass loss at different incubation times while tracing pH and L-lactate released into the incubation media with customized miniaturized electrochemical sensors. The combination of different analytical approaches provided new insights into the mechanistic and kinetics aspects of the degradation of these biomedical materials. Although molar mass had to reach threshold values for soluble oligomers to be formed and specimens' resorption to occur, the pH variation and L-lactate concentration were direct evidence of the resorption of the polymers and indicative of the extent of chain scission. Linear models were found for pH and released L-lactate as a function of mass loss for the Llactide-based copolymers. The methodology should enable the sequential screening of degradable polymers at physiological conditions and has potential to be used for preclinical material's evaluation aiming at reducing animal tests.
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| 6. |
- Guinovart, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Potentiometric sensors using cotton yarns, carbon nanotubes and polymeric membranes
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 0003-2654 .- 1364-5528. ; 138:18, s. 5208-5215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple and generalized approach to build electrochemical sensors for wearable devices is presented. Commercial cotton yarns are first turned into electrical conductors through a simple dyeing process using a carbon nanotube ink. These conductive yarns are then partially coated with a suitable polymeric membrane to build ion-selective electrodes. Potentiometric measurements using these yarn-potentiometric sensors are demonstrated. Examples of yarns that can sense pH, K+ and NH4+ are presented. In all cases, these sensing yarns show limits of detection and linear ranges that are similar to those obtained with lab-made solid-state ion-selective electrodes. Through the immobilization of these sensors in a band-aid, it is shown that this approach could be easily implemented in a wearable device. Factors affecting the performance of the sensors and future potential applications are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Novell, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Paper-Based Ion-Selective Potentiometric Sensors
- 2012
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 84:11, s. 4695-4702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new approach to develop ultra low-cost, robust, rugged, and disposable potentiometric sensors is presented. A suspension of carbon nanotubes in a water-surfactant mixture (carbon nanotubes ink) is applied on conventional filter papers to turn them into conductive papers, which are then used as a substrate to build ion-selective electrodes. The electrodes are made by drop casting a membrane on a small circular area of the conductive paper. In this way, the carbon nanotubes act as both electric conductors and ion-to-electron transducers of the potentiometric signal. Electrodes for sensing K +, NH 4 +, and pH were built and tested using this approach, and the results were compared with classical solid-state ion selective electrodes using carbon nanotubes as transducers and glassy carbon as a substrate. In all cases, the analytical performance (sensitivity, linear ranges, limits of detection, selectivity, etc.) of these disposable paper electrodes was similar to that obtained for the more conventional type of ion-selective-electrodes. This opens new avenues for very low-cost platforms for generation of chemical information.
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| 8. |
- Parrilla, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable All-Solid-State Potentiometric Microneedle Patch for Intradermal Potassium Detection
- 2019
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 91:2, s. 1578-1586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new analytical all-solid-state platform for intradermal potentiometric detection of potassium in interstitial fluid is presented here. Solid microneedles are modified with different coatings and polymeric membranes to prepare both the potassium-selective electrode and reference electrode needed for the potentiometric readout. These microneedle-based electrodes are fixed in an epidermal patch suitable for insertion into the skin. The analytical performances observed for the potentiometric cell (Nernstian slope, limit of detection of 10(-4.9) potassium activity, linear range of 10(-4.2) to 10(-1.1), drift of 0.35 +/- 0.28 mV h(-1)), together with a fast response time, adequate selectivity, and excellent reproducibility and repeatability, are appropriate for potassium analysis in interstitial fluid within both clinical and harmful levels. The potentiometric response is maintained after several insertions into animal skin, confirming the resiliency of the microneedle-based sensor. Ex vivo tests based on the intradermal detection of potassium in chicken and porcine skin demonstrate that the microneedle patch is suitable for monitoring potassium changes inside the skin. In addition, the dimensions of the microneedles modified with the corresponding layers necessary to enhance robustness and provide sensing capabilities (1000 mu m length, 45 degrees tip angle, 15 mu m thickness in the tip, and 435 mu m in the base) agree with the required ranges for a painless insertion into the skin. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments showed that the patch can be used for at least 24 h without any side effect for the skin cells. Overall, the developed concept constitutes important progress in the intradermal analysis of ions related to an electrolyte imbalance in humans, which is relevant for the control of certain types of diseases.
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| 9. |
- Parrilla, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable Potentiometric Ion Patch for On-Body Electrolyte Monitoring in Sweat : Toward a Validation Strategy to Ensure Physiological Relevance
- 2019
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 91:13, s. 8644-8651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, the reproducibility and a double validation of on-body measurements provided by new wearable potentiometric ion sensors (WPISs) is presented. Sweat collected during sport practice was first analyzed using the developed device, the pH-meter, and ion chromatography (IC) prior to onbody measurements (off-site validation). Subsequently, the accuracy of onbody measurements accomplished by the WPISs was evaluated by comparison with pH-meter readings and IC after collecting sweat (every 10-12.5 min) during sport practice. The developed device contains sensors for pH, Cl-, K+, and Na+ that are embedded in a flexible sampling cell for sweat analysis. The electrode array was fabricated employing MWCNTs (as an ion-to-electron transducer) and stretchable materials that have been exhaustively characterized in terms of analytical performance, presenting Nernstian slopes within the expected physiological range of each ion analyte (Cl-, 10-100 mM; 10-10 mM; and Na+, 10- 100 mM and pH, 4.5-7.5), drift suitable for midterm exercise practice (0.3 +/- 0.2 mV h(-1)), fast response time, adequate selectivity for sweat measurements, and excellent reversibility. Besides that, the designed sampling cell avoids any sweat contamination and evaporation issues while supplying a passive sweat flow encompassing specifically the individual's perspiration. The interpretation of ion concentration profiles may permit the identification of personal dynamic patterns in sweat composition while practicing sport.
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| 10. |
- Parrilla, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Wearable potentiometric ion sensors
- 2019
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 110, s. 303-320
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wearable potentiometric ion sensors (WPISs) have become an exciting analytical platform that combines chemical, material and electronic efforts to supply physiological information during certain human activities. The real possibility of wearing an analytical device with diverse configurations-sweatband, patches, garments-without disturbing the welfare of the carrier has enabled potentiometric ion sensors both as health quality and sport performance controllers. Recent studies show a large involvement of WPISs in the following of critical biomarkers (timely or continuously), such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium and chloride, which are present at relatively high concentrations in sweat (similar to mM levels). Certainly, the non-invasive nature of WPISs and other significant features, e.g., simplicity and cost-effectiveness, have broadened new horizons in relation to applied analytical chemistry. This has been pointed out in the literature over the last decade with the predominance of two analytical outcomes: (i) the improvement of sport performance as a result of continuous detection of ions in sweat (health status of the individual) while decreasing physiological complications (injuries, muscle cramps, fatigue and dehydration) during practice; and (ii) advancements in clinical diagnostics and preventive medicine as a consequence of the monitoring of the health status of patients suffering from any kind of disorder. Beyond the undeniable importance of the integration of WPISs to satisfy current societal needs, the following crucial questions about misleading and missing analytical features need to be answered: To what extent is WPIS technology a reliable analytical tool for the quantification of ions? Is cross-validation the current bottleneck toward further progress? Which are the fundamental steps involving the ion-selective electrode side that would benefit WPIS outcomes? Why is sweat the main (and almost the only) biological fluid to be monitored by WPISs? What is the best sampling strategy to be incorporated into WPIS devices for on-body monitoring of sweat? Which precision limits should be considered to assure a reliable decision-making process? Accordingly, this review focuses on the progression of WPISs from an analytical perspective-merely our vision of the field-within the period between 2010 and 2018. An updated search using specific keywords (wearable, ion, potentiometry, sensor) provided 43 contributions, which are herein highlighted, with a sustainable acceleration over the last three years. Thus, this review describes the current state of WPIS technology, the construction of wearable all-solid-state potentiometric sensors, critical requirements of potentiometric sensors to be fulfilled in a wearable configuration and key features regarding the ideal implementation of WPISs as reliable messengers of physiological information in real scenarios.
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| 11. |
- Wiorek, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Epidermal Patch with Glucose Biosensor : pH and Temperature Correction toward More Accurate Sweat Analysis during Sport Practice
- 2020
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 92:14, s. 10153-10161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an epidermal patch for glucose analysis in sweat incorporating for the first time pH and temperature correction according to local dynamic fluctuations in sweat during on-body tests. This sort of correction is indeed the main novelty of the paper, being crucial toward reliable measurements in every sensor based on an enzymatic element whose activity strongly depends on pH and temperature. The results herein reported for corrected glucose detection during on-body measurements are supported by a two-step validation protocol: with the biosensor operating off- and on-bodily, correlating the results with UV-vis spectrometry and/or ion chromatography. Importantly, the wearable device is a flexible skin patch that comprises a microfluidic cell designed with a sweat collection zone coupled to a fluidic channel in where the needed electrodes are placed: glucose biosensor, pH potentiometric electrode and a temperature sensor. The glucose biosensor presents a linear range of response within the expected physiological levels of glucose in sweat (10-200 mu M), and the calibration parameters are dynamically adjusted to any change in pH and temperature during the sport practice by means of a new "correction approach". In addition, the sensor displays a fast response time, appropriate selectivity, and excellent reversibility. A total of 9 validated on-body tests are presented: the outcomes revealed a great potential of the wearable glucose sensor toward the provision of reliable physiological data linked to individuals during sport activity. In particular, the developed "correction approach" is expected to impact into the next generation of wearable devices that digitalize physiological activities through chemical information in a trustable manner for both sport and healthcare applications.
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