| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Gard, G, et al.
(författare)
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Stress and qualification of computer work
- 1989
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Ingår i: Work with display units 89: Selected papers from the second international conference of work with display units (Eds. L Berlinguet, D Berthelette.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Jan, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties and factor structure of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in obese men and women. Results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study.
- 2000
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. - 0307-0565. ; 24:12, s. 1715-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the construct validity of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in obese men and women. SUBJECTS: A total of 4377 middle-aged, obese subjects in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study. METHODS: The total sample was randomly split into two data subsets and psychometric testing was performed separately in each sample. Multitrait/multi-item analysis was conducted to test scaling assumptions and factor analysis was used to test the factor structure. Measures of mental well-being (MACL, HAD) were used for testing criterion-based validity. RESULTS: The Cognitive Restraint factor was consistently reproduced and scaling analysis demonstrated strong item-scale discriminant validity, while the item-scale convergent validity was unsatisfactory. The internal structure of the Disinhibition scale was weak. Most Disinhibition and Hunger items grouped in one global factor labeled Uncontrolled Eating. A third cluster containing items on Emotional Eating was also identified. The obtained three-factor structure was cross-validated and replicated across subgroups by gender, age and BMI. CONCLUSION: The original TFEQ factor structure was not replicated. A short, revised 18-item instrument was constructed, representing the derived factors of Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating and Emotional Eating. The most efficient items were used to boost both the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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The perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection and health-related quality of life among organ transplant recipients
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 20:1-2, s. 274-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. This study was primarily aimed for developing and testing a valid and reliable instrument that measures perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection after organ transplantation. A second aim was to report descriptive data regarding graft rejection and Health-Related Quality of Life. Background. The most serious risk connected with transplantations besides infection is graft rejection. Design. Non experimental, descriptive involving instrument development and psychometric assessment. Method. Questionnaires about perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection and Health-Related Quality of Life were mailed to 229 OTRs between 19-65 years old. The items were formed from a previous interview study. Patients were transplanted with a kidney, a liver or a heart and/or a lung. All patients with follow-up time of one year +/- three months and three years +/- three months were included. Results. With an 81% response rate, the study comprised of 185 OTRs, who had received either a kidney (n = 117), a liver (n = 39) or heart or lung (n = 29). Three homogenous factors of perceived threat for graft rejection were revealed, labelled 'intrusive anxiety', 'graft-related threat' and 'lack of control'. Tests of internal consistency showed good item-scale convergent and discriminatory validity. A majority of the OTRs scored low levels for 'intrusive anxiety'. The kidney transplant recipients experienced more 'graft-related threat' by acute graft rejection than those transplanted with a liver, heart or lung. Conclusion. In conclusion, this study suggests that it is possible to measure the perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection in three homogenous factors. Relevance to clinical practice. The instrument perceived threat of the risk for graft rejection, might be usable to measure the impact of fear of graft rejection, to predict needs of pedagogical intervention strategies to reduce fear and to improve Health-Related Quality of Life related to graft rejection.
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| 6. |
- Persson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Interleukin 1-beta gene polymorphisms and risk of gastric cancer in Sweden.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7708 .- 0036-5521. ; 44:3, s. 339-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection stimulates the production of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, a pro-inflammatory cytokine and suppressor of gastric acid secretion. As both inflammation and hypochlorhydria, which might facilitate proximal colonization of H. pylori and other bacterial species alike, have been implicated in gastric carcinogenesis, much attention has been directed to functional genetic polymorphisms that affect the production of IL-1 beta. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of these polymorphisms.
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| 7. |
- Persson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the adsorption of o-phthalate on boehmite (γ-AlOOH), aged γ-Al2O3, and goethite (α-FeOOH)
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 206:1, s. 252-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is concerned with the adsorption of o-phthalate (1,2-benzenedicarboxylate) at the water-metal (hydr)oxide interface. Previously published infrared spectroscopic, potentiometric, and adsorption data characterizing the boehmite (gamma-AlOOH) system are compared with new data collected for o-phthalate adsorption on aged gamma-Al2O3 and goethite (alpha-FeOOH). The study focuses on identifying bonding mechanisms, stoichiometries, and stabilities of the formed complexes, and comparing these among the three systems. Furthermore, the effects of ionic strength and composition of the ionic medium are investigated. The infrared spectroscopic data provided direct, molecular-level evidence for the existence of two dominating surface complexes on all three solids. One was shown to be a deprotonated outer-sphere species and the other was an inner-sphere surface complex. The inner-sphere complexes on the three solids were structurally related, and they were tentatively assigned to a mononuclear, chelating structure involving both carboxylate groups. The outer-sphere complexes were shown to increase in relative importance at high pH and low ionic strengths, while low pH and high ionic strengths favored the inner-sphere complexes. The information gained from the infrared spectroscopic investigations was used as qualitative input in the formulation of the surface complexation models. New models, based on the extended constant capacitance approach, were presented for the o-phthalate/aged gamma-Al2O3 and o-phthalate/goethite systems.
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| 8. |
- Rosén, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular characterization of a saline-soluble lectin from a parasitic fungus : Extensive sequence similarities between fungal lectins
- 1996
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 238:3, s. 822-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been proposed that the interactions between several parasite and pathogenic fungi and their hosts are mediated by soluble lectins present in the fungus. We have cloned and analyzed a gene encoding such a lectin (AOL) from the nematophagous fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora (deuteromycete). The deduced primary structure of the AOL gene displayed an extensive similarity (identity 46.3%) to that of a gene encoding a lectin (ABL) recently isolated from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (basidiomycete), but not to any other fungal, microbial, plant, or animal lectins. The similarities between AOL and ABL were further demonstrated by the observation that an antibody specific for AOL cross-reacted with ABL. Together with data showing that AOL has a binding specificity that is similar to that of ABL [Rosen, S., Bergstrom, J., Karlsson, K.-A., and Tunlid, A. (1996) Eur. J. Biochem. 238, 830-837], these results indicate that AOL and ABL are members of a novel family of saline- soluble lectins present in fungi. Southern blots indicated that there is only one AOL gene in the genome encoding a subunit (monomer) of the lectin. The primary structure of AOL did not show the presence of a typical N-terminal signal sequence. Comparison of the deduced primary structure with the molecular mass of AOL as determined by electrospray mass spectrometry (16153 Da), indicated that AOL has an acetylated N-terminal but no other post- translational modifications, and that a minor isoform is formed by deamidation. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy suggested that the secondary structure of AOl contains 34% β-sheets, 21% α-helix, and 45% turns and coils.
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| 9. |
- Rydén, Anna, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Obesity-related coping and distress and relationship to treatment preference.
- 2001
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Ingår i: The British journal of clinical psychology / the British Psychological Society. - 0144-6657. ; 40:2, s. 177-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The primary purpose was to define obesity-related strategies for coping with psychological problems connected with obesity. We also wanted to identify obesity-related distress and explore the effect of coping on distress. Thirdly, we wanted to investigate differences in coping and distress related to choice of surgery or conventional treatment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional data from patients in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) intervention study. METHODS: An obesity-related questionnaire concerning coping and distress was created and evaluated in 2510 patients from the SOS study, using multitrait, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis procedures. RESULTS: Three coping factors were defined. Social Trust and Fighting Spirit were problem-focused, whereas Wishful Thinking was emotion-focused. Surgical candidates displayed lower levels of problem-focused and higher levels of emotion-focused coping. We also identified two distress factors: Intrusion and Helplessness. Wishful Thinking was positively related to distress, and Social Trust and Fighting Spirit were inversely related, thus explaining the higher levels of distress reported by the surgical candidates. CONCLUSIONS: In our sample, emotion-focused coping proved maladaptive and was associated with increased distress. Problem-focused coping, however, was adaptive and associated with reduced distress. These findings partly explain psychological morbidity and should be taken into consideration in the treatment of obese people.
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| 10. |
- Zackrisson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Two-year results from a Swedish study on conventional versus accelerated radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - The ARTSCAN study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 100:1, s. 41-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Studies on accelerated fractionation (AF) in head and neck cancer have shown increased local control and survival compared with conventional fractionation (CF), while others have been non-conclusive. In 1998 a national Swedish group decided to perform a randomised controlled clinical study of AF. Materials and methods: Patients with verified squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx (except glottic T1-T2, N0) and hypopharynx were included. Patients with prior chemotherapy or surgery were excluded. Patients were randomised to either CF (2Gy/day, 5days/week for 7 weeks, total dose 68Gy) or to AF (1.1Gy+2.0Gy/day, 5days/week for 4.5weeks, total dose 68Gy). An extensive quality assurance protocol was followed throughout the study. The primary end point was loco-regional tumour control (LRC) at two years after treatment. RESULTS: The study was closed in 2006 when 750 patients had been randomised. Eighty-three percent of the patients had stages III-IV disease. Forty eight percent had oropharyngeal, 21% laryngeal, 17% hypopharyngeal and 14% oral cancers. There were no significant differences regarding overall survival (OS) or LRC between the two regimens. The OS at two years was 68% for AF and 67% for CF. The corresponding figures for LRC were 71% and 67%, respectively. There was a trend towards improved LRC for oral cancers treated (p=0.07) and for large tumours (T3-T4) (p=0.07) treated with AF. The AF group had significantly worse acute reactions, while there was no significant increase in late effects. Conclusion: Overall the AF regimen did not prove to be more efficacious than CF. However, the trend towards improved results in AF for oral cancers needs to be further investigated.
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| 11. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A 3.0 mu s room temperature excited state lifetime of a bistridentate Ru-II-polypyridine complex for rod-like molecular arrays
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 128:39, s. 12616-12617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A bistridentate RuII-polypyridine complex [Ru(bqp)2]2+ (bqp = 2,6-bis(8'-quinolinyl)pyridine) has been prepared, which has a coordination geometry much closer to a perfect octahedron than the typical Ru(terpyridine)2-type complex. Thus, the complex displays a 3.0 mus lifetime of the lowest excited metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) state at room temperature. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the longest MLCT state lifetime reported for a RuII-polypyridyl complex at room temperature. The structure allows for the future construction of rod-like, isomer-free molecular arrays by substitution of donor and acceptor moieties on the central pyridine units. This makes it a promising photosensitizer for applications in molecular devices for artificial photosynthesis and molecular electronics.
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| 12. |
- Abrahamsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Steric influence on the excited-state lifetimes of ruthenium complexes with bipyridyl-alkanylene-pyridyl ligands.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : ACS. - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 47:9, s. 3540-3548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structural effect on the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited-state lifetime has been investigated in bis-tridentate Ru(II)-polypyridyl complexes based on the terpyridine-like ligands [6-(2,2'-bipyridyl)](2-pyridyl)methane (1) and 2-[6-(2,2'-bipyridyl)]-2-(2-pyridyl)propane (2). A homoleptic ([Ru(2)(2)](2+)) and a heteroleptic complex ([Ru(ttpy)(2)](2+)) based on the new ligand 2 have been prepared and their photophysical and structural properties studied experimentally and theoretically and compared to the results for the previously reported [Ru(1)(2)](2+). The excited-state lifetime of the homoleptic Ru-II complex with the isopropylene-bridged ligand 2 was found to be 50 times shorter than that of the corresponding homoleptic Ru-II complex of ligand 1, containing a methylene bridge. A comparison of the ground-state geometries of the two homoleptic complexes shows that steric interactions involving the isopropylene bridges make the coordination to the central Ru-II ion less octahedral in [Ru(2)(2)](2+) than in [Ru(1)(2))(2+). Calculations indicate that the structural differences in these complexes influence their ligand field splittings as well as the relative stabilities of the triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer ((MLCT)-M-3) and metal-centered ((MC)-M-3) excited states. The large difference in measured excited-state lifetimes for the two homoleptic Ru-II complexes is attributed to a strong influence of steric interactions on the ligand field strength, which in turn affects the activation barriers for thermal conversion from (MLCT)-M-3 states to short-lived (MC)-M-3 states.
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| 13. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the quality of the dyadic relationship in first-time parents: development of a new instrument.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of family nursing. - Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE Publications. - 1074-8407 .- 1552-549X. ; 11:1, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this research was to psychometrically evaluate the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), modified for use with new, first-time parents by extending the items of communication, sensuality, and sexuality. A total of 820 Swedish respondents, 6 months after the birth of their first child, participated in the study. Psychometric evaluation was conducted with factor analysis. The obtained factor structure was tested with multitrait analysis program. Thirty-three items were found to fit into a five-factor solution, explaining 50% of the total variance. Descriptive data revealed that most new parents were satisfied with their intimate relationship in general, but dissatisfied with their sexual lives. The modified DAS, now called the Quality of Dyadic Relationship Instrument includes 33 items and seems to be a useful, updated measurement for assessing quality of the intimate relationship in new first-time parents.
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| 14. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Fatigue after myocardial infarction : Relationships with indices of emotional distress, and sociodemographic and clinical variables
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Practice. - 1322-7114 .- 1440-172X. ; 16:4, s. 326-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fatigue and depressive symptoms are relatively common among patients recovering from myocardial infarction (MI). The symptoms of depression and fatigue overlap. The present study aimed at identifying patient fatigue and at examining the incidence of fatigue, particularly without coexisting depression, after MI. The sample comprised 204 consecutive patients who had completed the questionnaires Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory–20 after MI (1 week and 4 months). The results showed that fatigue had decreased after 4 months compared with the time of MI onset. Compared with the general population, patients reported significantly higher levels of fatigue. Furthermore, fatigue was associated with depression, but 33% of the sample reported fatigue without coexisting depression after 4 months. In order to prevent or treat patients' symptoms of fatigue after MI, the concepts of fatigue and depression should be assessed separately so as to exclude overlapping effects.
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| 15. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Illness perceptions after myocardial infarction: relations to fatigue, emotional distress, and health-related quality of life.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 1550-5049. ; 25:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Research Objective: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is impaired in patients after a myocardial infarction (MI), and fatigue and depression are common health complaints among these patients. Patients' own beliefs about their illness (illness perceptions) influence health behavior and health outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine illness perception and its association with self-reported HRQoL, fatigue, and emotional distress among patients with MI. Subjects and Methods: The sample consisted of 204 patients who had had MI and who completed the questionnaires during the first week in the hospital and 4 months after the MI. The questionnaires used were the Illness Perception Questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results: Patient's illness perception changed over time from a more acute to a more chronic perception of illness, and beliefs in personal and treatment control of MI had decreased. Furthermore, these negative beliefs were associated with worse experiences of fatigue and lowered HRQoL. Conclusions: Patients' illness perceptions influence health outcomes after an MI. Supporting MI patients in increasing their perception of personal control could be a primary nursing strategy in rehabilitation programs aimed at facilitating health behavior, decreasing experiences of fatigue, and increasing HRQoL.
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| 16. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Living with incomprehensible fatigue after recent myocardial infarction.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of advanced nursing. - : Wiley. - 1365-2648 .- 0309-2402. ; 64:5, s. 459-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This paper is a report of a study of what fatigue means to patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI) and how they manage to deal with the consequences of this symptom. BACKGROUND: After MI, fatigue is a frequent and distressing symptom. In nursing practice and in everyday conversations, the term 'tiredness' has a broad meaning that is often used synonymously with fatigue. Fatigue may be defined as a state along an adaptation continuum with tiredness and exhaustion as distinct states at the ends of the continuum. METHOD: In accordance with a constructivist grounded theory method, 19 patients were interviewed four months after having a MI. The informants were chosen from a larger sample of patients admitted to a coronary care unit during the period October 2005 to September 2006. FINDINGS: Living with incomprehensible fatigue was identified as the central theme, which described what fatigue meant to patients 4 months after their MI and how they handled it. The core category was labelled incomprehensible fatigue. Two of the categories refer to consequences: being restricted and feeling defeated and one category describes management: fumbling coping strategies. Finally, one category concerns the outcome: moderate relief of fatigue. CONCLUSION: Nursing interventions could focus on identifying and reducing stressors as well as on increasing patients' ability to cope with stressors. Further research should focus on identifying stressors and useful coping strategies after MI, knowledge that could be used to prevent aggravation of fatigue.
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| 17. |
- Alsén, Pia, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' illness perception four months after a myocardial infarction.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:5A, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore patients' illness perception of myocardial infarction four months after a myocardial infarction. BACKGROUND: An important task for research on recovery from myocardial infarction is to understand the factors that influence an individual's adherence to secondary preventive strategies. Perceptual, cognitive and motivational factors have been found to influence adherence to a secondary preventive regimen. METHOD: Twenty-five patients were interviewed four months after a myocardial infarction. In accordance with grounded theory methodology, data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously. RESULTS: The findings can be understood in light of two core categories: 'trust in oneself ' vs. 'trust in others'; belief in one's own efforts to control the illness; and 'illness reasoning', lines of thought about illness identity. In searching for relationships, six categories describing variation in illness perceptions of a myocardial infarction emerged: (i) 'sign of a chronic condition - feasible to influence'; (ii) 'sign of a chronic condition - uncontrollable'; (iii) 'acute event that can recur - feasible to influence'; (iv) 'acute event that can recur - uncontrollable'; (v) 'unthinkable acute event'; and (vi) 'non-recurring acute event'. CONCLUSION: The more reflective patients perceived the heart attack as a sign of a chronic condition; they also devoted time for reasoning about the possible causes of their illness. This is in contrast to patients who were less reflective and viewed their myocardial infarction as an acute event, which they avoided thinking about. The findings contribute to our understanding of variation in illness perceptions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The examination of how individuals perceive myocardial infarction may help health-care professionals individualize secondary preventive strategies, thereby improving adherence to health-care regimens. Nurse-patient discussions could begin with identification of the patient's variations of reflectiveness concerning his/her illness.
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| 18. |
- Andersson, Inger, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - 0162-220X. ; 32:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective study was to describe health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients during the first year after stem cell transplantation (SCT) who were undergoing reduced intensive conditioning (RIC) compared with patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning (MAC). Fifty-seven patients (25 for MAC and 32 for RIC) were enrolled in the study. HRQOL was assessed at 6 occasions during the first year after SCT using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire and the 19-item treatment-specific module High-Dose Chemotherapy. Both groups reported most symptoms and worst functioning 1 month after SCT, but there were substantial differences. The MAC group deteriorated considerably in 20 symptom scales compared with 8 in the RIC group (score differences <10; P values ranged from .001 to .05). Dry mouth, sore mouth, appetite loss, and change of taste were among the most frequent symptoms in both groups. Thereafter, the functioning improved and the symptom scores decreased and returned to baseline in both groups, except dry mouth, which remained a worse problem for the MAC group. Overall, the RIC group regained health and QOL faster than the MAC group did. However, there were no significant differences in global QOL between the groups 1 year after SCT.
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| 19. |
- Andersson, Inger, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Health related quality of life in stem cell transplantation: clinical and psychometric validation of the questionnaire module, High Dose Chemotherapy (HDC-19).
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 47:2, s. 275-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the HDC-19, a module questionnaire for assessing symptoms and problems of patients undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT) following high-dose chemotherapy (HDC). It consists of 19 questions and was developed for use in conjunction with EORTC QLQ-C30. Psychometric evaluations were performed according to guidelines recommended by the EORTC. The principal component analyses suggested that nine of the HDC-19 items could be reduced to four components (sexual functioning, future health perspectives, skin irritations and joint/muscle pain). Multitrait scaling analysis showed that most item-scale correlation coefficients met the standards of convergent (>0.40) and discriminant validity. Test-retest reliability coefficients between assessments at inclusion and admission were high, indicating that perceived health status remained virtually unchanged during this period. As expected, correlations between admission and one month after transplantation were considerably lower. The internal consistency of the multi-item scales was also satisfactory, (Cronbach's alpha 0.59-0.87). Overall, the known-groups comparisons showed smaller differences between designated groups than expected. As expected, changes in the HDC-19 mirrored changes in QLQ-C30 'global quality of life'. These results lend support to the validity of the HDC-19 as a supplementary questionnaire for assessing specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) issues relevant for SCT patients.
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| 20. |
- Andersson, Inger, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' perception of health-related quality of life during the first year after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1365-2354 .- 0961-5423. ; 20:3, s. 368-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little attention has been paid to examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) the first year post-transplant, despite that this period is crucial for returning to normal life and functioning and to prevent delayed psychosocial adjustment. The purpose of the present study was to describe HRQoL after autologous versus allogeneic stem cell transplantations during the first year post-transplant. The allogeneic group was further divided into two groups: allogeneic stem cell transplantation after reduced intensive conditioning and allogeneic stem cell transplantation after myeloablative conditioning. All together 202 patients were enrolled in the study. HRQoL was assessed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the treatment-specific module High-Dose Chemotherapy (HDC-19). The questionnaires were filled out at six occasions (from inclusion to 12 months after transplantation). The reduced intensive conditioning group seemed to recover in the same way as the autologous group and these two groups were closer in their scoring compared with the myeloablative conditioning group. One month after the transplantation there were no significant differences in change scores between the autologous and reduced intensive conditioning group, and 1 year after the transplantation levels of symptoms and functioning were back to baseline or better. The myeloablative conditioning group, who perceived more symptoms and lower levels of functioning during the whole period, was still impaired in 10 out of 29 scales 1 year after the transplantation and no significant improvements compared with baseline were observed for this group.
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Lars-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Ice adhesion to rubber materials
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. - 0169-4243 .- 1568-5616. ; 8:2, s. 117-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the interfacial shear strength between ice and rubbers. Different rubber materials containing only a polymer and curing agent (peroxide) were tested with regard to surface wettability and interfacial shear strength. The effect of different grades and amounts of carbon black filler was also studied. The wettability was determined from contact angles, using water and diiodomethane as test liquids, measured on carefully cleaned and mirror smooth rubber sheets.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Bergh, Anne-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Well-Being Questionnaire in a sample of patients with diabetes type 1.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : Sage Publications Ltd.. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 28:2, s. 137-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present investigation was to further test the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Well-Being Questionnaire (WBQ) in order to determine whether it could be suitable for measuring health-related quality of life among type 1 diabetic patients. METHODS: In total, 94 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for the study and of these 85% participated. Reliability was tested with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the internal validity by means of principal component analysis and multitrait analysis. To test the external validity, comparisons were made with two other questionnaires, the Short form-36 and a Swedish Mood Adjective Check List. RESULTS: The results show that, above all, the Swedish version of the WBQ measures psychological well-being, and thus must also be complemented with scales that measure other consequences of the illness and/or treatment, i.e. physical symptoms. The questionnaire has low discriminatory validity between subscales, which casts doubt on the appropriateness of using the four subscales as separate measures. The two scales measuring anxiety and depression are not sensitive enough for use among type 1 diabetics without complications and high or normal levels of psychological well-being. CONCLUSIONS: The Well-Being Questionnaire alone does not give any more information about subjective health status among type 1 diabetic patients than, for example, the generic SF-36.
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| 24. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Brink, Eva, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with myocardial infarction : Evaluation of a coping questionnaire
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:4, s. 792-800
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coping with myocardial infarction: evaluation of a coping questionnaire The negative effects of emotional distress on the recovery following myocardial infarction make it important to study coping strategies in this situation. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and the validity of a 10 dimensions questionnaire labelled The General Coping Questionnaire (GCQ). The structure of the questionnaire was based on a previous interview study with 26 persons with different diseases. The 10 dimensions are called self-trust, problem-reducing actions, change of values, social trust, minimization, fatalism, resignation, protest, isolation and intrusion. The present study comprised 114 first-time myocardial infarction patients (37 women, 77 men). Five months after myocardial infarction, they answered questions about health-related quality of life, health complaints, sense of coherence and the GCQ. A multi-trait/multi-item analysis showed good item-scale convergent and discriminatory validity when the GCQ was reduced from 47 to 40 items. In conclusion, the results showed that the 40-item GCQ is a well-structured and reliable questionnaire for measuring coping strategies in myocardial infarction patients.
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| 29. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Daily assessment of stressful events and coping among post-menopausal women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy : Original article
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 18:5, s. 507-516
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was twofold: to examine what type of daily stressful events post-menopausal woman with breast cancer experience during adjuvant chemotherapy and how bothersome these are and to identify coping strategies used by these women used to manage such stressful events. The patient group comprised 75 consecutively invited women (≥55 years of age) at two university hospitals and one county hospital in Sweden. The Daily Coping Assessment was used to collect data over time. Data were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Six categories of stressful events were identified: 'nausea and vomiting', 'fatigue', 'other symptoms', 'isolation and alienation', 'fear of the unknown' and 'being controlled by the treatment'. The first three categories were subsumed under the domain physical problems and the latter three under psychosocial problems. Almost 30% of the diary entries recorded no stressful event. Physical problems were three times as frequent as psychosocial problems. 'Nausea/vomiting' was the most frequently observed stressful event (21.6%). 'Isolation and alienation' and 'fear of the unknown' were less frequent, but when they occurred they were rated as the most distressing. Several coping strategies were used to manage each stressful event. The most common strategies were acceptance, relaxation and distraction. Religion was rarely used as a coping strategy.
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| 30. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Health-related quality of life during adjuvant treatment for breast cancer among postmenopausal women
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 12:3, s. 180-189
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was twofold: first, to describe changes of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) during the adjuvant treatment among postmenopausal women with breast cancer; second, in the same population to identify the best predictors of Overall Quality of Life (QoL) after treatment, from perceived functioning, symptoms, emotional distress and clinical/demographic variables measured at baseline. The study group was 150 women (>= 55 years of age) scheduled for adjuvant chemotherapy (CT, n=75) or radiotherapy (RT, n=75). They were examined before (baseline), during and after completing the treatment. Data about QoL, perceived functioning, symptoms and emotional distress were collected with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-QLQ-C30, BR23 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires. The general finding was that the adjuvant treatments were associated with decrease in overall QoL, physical and role functioning, anxiety and body image, as well as with increase in fatigue, dyspnoea, pain, nausea/vomiting, constipation and systemic therapy side effects measured over time. For women receiving CT, better emotional functioning and less pain at baseline predicted better overall QoL at the end of the treatment. For women receiving RT, better physical and emotional functioning, less breast symptoms and lower tumour stage at baseline predicted better overall QoL at the end of the treatment.
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| 31. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Patient-reported stressful events and coping strategies in post-menopausal women with breast cancer
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 25:2, s. 324-333
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper was to explore what stressful events post-menopausal women with primary or recurrent breast cancer experience, how bothersome these events were and which coping strategies these women used. Data were collected from 131 patients diagnosed with primary or recurrent breast cancer. The Daily Coping Assessment was used. Thematic analysis was applied to form themes of stressful events. Six types of stressful events were extracted. The most frequently experienced events for women with primary cancer and those with recurrent cancer were distressing bodily symptoms'. The most bothersome event among primary cancer was everyday concerns' and in the recurrent group, distressing psychological reactions'. The most commonly used strategies were acceptance', distraction' and relaxation'. This study shows that women in different parts of the cancer trajectory differ in what they perceive to be stressful events when reporting them in their own words in a diary. The differences have an impact on the subsequent coping strategies they used.
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| 32. |
- Browall, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of age on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and symptoms among postmenopausal women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 47:2, s. 207-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Elderly women with breast cancer are often not given adjuvant chemotherapy (CT). One reason for this is that older women are believed to have more problems in tolerating side-effects of CT. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of age on health related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptoms in postmenopausal women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant CT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty consecutive postmenopausal patients planned for CT were invited. Seventy-five agreed to participate (age 55-77 years). The patients completed two cancer-specific HRQoL questionnaires, The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of cancer (EORTC) EORTC-QLQ-C30, the EORTC-QLQ-BR23, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) before, during, and 4 months after completion of treatment. The design was descriptional and longitudinal. Correlations were examined between age and change in HRQoL variables. RESULTS: No significant correlations were found between age and any of the assessed HRQoL domains or symptom scales, except for dyspnoea and sexual functioning. Age was inversely correlated to change in dyspnoea from baseline through follow-up, whereas older women perceived their sexual functioning significantly lower at baseline. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that among postmenopausal patients in the age range 55-77 years consecutively selected for adjuvant CT age was not a predictor of decreased HRQoL. This supports the argument that age should not be used in isolation in decisions about adjuvant CT for breast cancer in elderly women.
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| 33. |
- Brännström, Inger, 1945-
(författare)
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Community participation and social patterning in cardiovascular disease intervention
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study addresses health policy and public health in the field of cardiovascular disease (CVD) on the local level in Sweden. The overall aim is to contribute to the assessment of structural and social conditions within public health by analysing participation processes and outcome patterns in a local health programme. The northern Swedish MONICA study served as a reference area. The research strategy has been to integrate quantitative and qualitative methodologies and, thereby, focus on different aspects of the health programme under study.The mortality rate was excessive in the study area of Norsjö relative to both provincial and national figures over a period of more than 10 years. This finding formed the basis for a tenyear comprehensive and community-based health programme towards the prevention of CVD and diabetes.Even in this seemingly homogeneous area it was found that socio-economic circumstances were associated with the public health. Almost half of the study population had hypercholesterolaemia (;>6.5 mmol/1), 19% of men and 25% of women were smokers and 30% and 29%, respectively, had high blood pressure. Age had a strong impact on all outcome measures. After adjustments for age and social factors it was found that the relative risk of having hypercholesterolaemia dropped significantly in both sexes during the six years of intervention. The probability of being a smoker was significantly reduced only in highly educated groups. No statistically significant change over time could be found for the risk of suffering high blood pressure. In the reference area of northern Sweden there were no changes over time for any of the selected risk factors. The likelihood of self-assessed good health decreased with increasing risk factor load, with the exception of hypercholesterolaemia , in all social strata.The authorities, including the health and medical staff, were the main actors on the mediastage. Men in manual occupations were least affected by the media coverage. The actors and the public as well as the media viewed the health programme as orientated towards individual lifestyles. Community participation was mainly defined by the actors based on the medical and health planning approach. Differences in interpretations, social interests, personal conflicts and ideological constraints among the actors at local level were observed. Some critical attitudes towards the organization and management of the health programme were also noted among the citizens. However, a majority of the public wanted the health programme to continue. The present study underlines the importance of considering age, gender and social differences in the planning and evaluation of CVD preventive programmes.
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| 34. |
- Ceccato, Vania, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Differential Economic Performance (DEP) in the periphery: evidence from Swedish rural areas
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Spatial Development. - 1650-9544. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding Differential Economic Performance (DEP) at the local andregional level is a key element in devising practical strategies and programmes forsustainable regional development in different contexts. This paper contributes to theunderstanding of the factors underlying persistent differences in DEP between rurallocalities. The basic hypothesis is that the DEP of rural areas can be explained by acombination of ‘tangible’ and ‘less tangible’ factors and the way in which these interactin specific national, regional and local contexts. Natural and human resources,infrastructure, economic structure and investments are together with institutions,networks and community values the most decisive factors that help to characterise DEPfor the Swedish case studies. Findings show that such factors not only define the differentopportunities and constraints for local development, but also illustrate how effective thelocal and regional system is in tapping into resources and opportunities and inameliorating constraints. This sheds light on the importance of taking a broaderperspective regarding policies towards regional development, making them much morefocused on contextual and environmental aspects than uni-faceted, sectoral measures. Thepaper also provides a discussion of the implications of the results for policy and gives anaccount of new research questions for future studies.
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| 35. |
- Ceccato, Vania, et al.
(författare)
-
Dynamics of rural areas : an assessment of clusters of employment in Sweden
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 18:1, s. 49-63
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are numerous examples in the empirically based literature, which argue in favour of the importance of firms' agglomeration in space as a way of creating and sustaining economic competitive advantages. One way to identify the degree of agglomeration of economic activity is through identification of the trends in clustering patterns relating to employment. The objective of this paper is thus to investigate patterns of clustering in both traditional and modern branches of the economy for two Swedish rural study regions (two leading areas and two lagging ones), assessing their location in relation to national economic dynamics. Standardised Employment Rates (SERs) are calculated and mapped using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for thirty-seven economic branches. The Getis-Ord statistic is used to identify clusters of employment. The findings show that the study areas are to different degrees included in most of the clusters of the traditional branches, but not in a uniform way. Well performing areas often tend to be included in clusters composed of traditional private businesses, whilst lagging areas tend to be part of clusters in which the public sector is responsible for employment. This is particularly so in the sparsely populated areas of North Sweden. Most of the robust clusters relating to the modern branches of the economy are concentrated in the larger urban areas of Sweden, though in some cases, also in other larger regional urban centres. The most surprising result was perhaps that clusters of employment within such modern branches are relatively over-represented in certain parts of some lagging areas. A fact that may reflect the effects of regional policy measures on the decentralisation of R&D and post secondary education. Maps showing SERs and patterns of employment using clustering analysis often reflect the boundaries of functional regions, the degree of economic specialisation. and the dynamism of a region in a national context. All or which suggests that such a methodology can be utilised in the new toolbox designed to help aid the process of regional policy programme evaluations.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Ceccato, Vania, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Forskning om och för landsbygds- och glesbygdsutveckling
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakademiens Tidskrift. - Stockholm : Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakademien. - 0023-5350. ; 139:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Clausén, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterisation of gallium(III)-acetate complexes in aqueous solution: A potentiometric, EXAFS, IR and molecular orbital modelling study
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Society Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1472-7773 .- 1364-5447. ; , s. 2559-64
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aqueous gallium(III)-acetate system was studied in 0.6 M Na(Cl) at 25 °C using a multi-technique approach, including potentiometry, IR spectroscopy, EXAFS spectroscopy and molecular orbital calculations. The potentiometric data were satisfactorily explained by a model which includes one mononuclear and one binuclear complex. The corresponding equilibrium constants defined according to the reactionsGa3++ HAc GaAc2++ H+2Ga3++ HAc + 2H2O Ga2(OH)2Ac3++ 3H+are log –1,1,1=–2.08 ± 0.09 and log –3,2,1=–5.65 ± 0.06, respectively. The latter complex has a stoichiometry identical to that previously identified in the aluminium(III)-acetate system. Also in agreement with this system, the IR and EXAFS data strongly indicates that this complex consists of two edge-sharing Ga octahedra bridged with an acetate ion, and should be formulated [Ga2(µ-OH)2(µ-O2CCH3)]3+. This interpretation is further supported by the molcular orbital calculations.
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| 40. |
- Clausén, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Spectroscopic studies of aluminum and gallium complexes with oxalate and malonate in aqueous solution
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Structure. ; 648:3, s. 225-35
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The local structures of Ga(III) in aqueous oxalate and malonate complexes were studied by means of Ga K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy. Irrespective of the number and type of coordinated ligands, the EXAFS results showed very regular first coordination shells consisting of six oxygen atoms. Scattering paths from more distant atoms revealed that both oxalate and malonate form mononuclear chelate structures where one oxygen from each carboxylate group binds to Ga(III). Again, very little variation in bond distances and no changes in coordination modes were detected as the number of ligands coordinated to Ga(III) was varied. Based on the very close resemblance of IR spectra of oxalate and malonate complexes of Al(III), and the corresponding complexes of Ga(III), it is believed that the local structures of the Al(III) complexes are similar to those of the Ga(III) complexes in terms of ligand coordination modes and distortions. This conclusion was corroborated by results from theoretical frequency calculations.
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| 41. |
- Clausén, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Spectroscopic studies of aqueous gallium(III) and aluminum(III) citrate complexes
- 2005
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY. - : Elsevier BV. - 0162-0134. ; 99:3, s. 716-26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aqueous gallium(III) citrate complexes have been studied in the 10(-2) M concentration range with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and FTIR techniques. From EXAFS data, one mononuclear and one oligomeric species were identified at different Ga(III) to citrate ratios. The first shell of the mononuclear complex was found to be distorted, with average Ga-O bond lengths of 1.95 and 2.06 Angstrom, in agreement with the solid-state structure of Ga(Cit)(2)(3-) (Cit = citrate). Also the oligomeric species was found to have a distorted first shell, with average Ga-O bond lengths of 1.95 and 2.04 Angstrom. This complex was found to contain two Ga-Ga distances at 3.03 and 3.56 Angstrom, typical for edge and corner sharing GaO6 octahedra, respectively. The gallium(III) and aluminum(III) citrate systems were compared by means of FTIR, and were found to be analogous. The IR results suggest that the bond lengths derived from EXAFS for the 1:2 gallium(III) citrate complex also provide a good estimate of the corresponding distances in the mononuclear 1: 1 complex. Direct coordination of citrate to the metal ions in the oligomeric gallium(III) citrate complex was indicated from both EXAFS and IR results, and this complex is stoichiometrically analogous to the Al-3(H(-1)Cit)(3)(OH)(H2O)(4-) complex, which has been structurally determined. However, while the formation of the aluminum trimer has been shown to be slow, the gallium trimer was significantly more labile with a rate of formation indicated to be in the order of seconds or faster.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Elfström, Magnus L., et al.
(författare)
-
General and condition-specific measures of coping strategies in persons with spinal cord lesion.
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Psychology, Health & Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1354-8506 .- 1465-3966. ; 10:3, s. 231-242
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined psychometric properties and validity of a general (Ways of Coping Questionnaire; WCQ) and a condition-specific (Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire; SCL CSQ) measure of coping strategies. The sample included 181 community-residing traumatically spinal cord lesioned persons aged 16-85 years. Multi-trait/multi-item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and multiple regression were used. Reliability and validity estimates were acceptable in most instances for the SCL CSQ, whereas the validity of the WCQ was inadequate. The SCL CSQ showed a significant relationship with the overall quality of life outcome measure, whereas the WCQ did not. We recommend condition-specific measures of coping strategies, and that the combination with coping style measures be tested in medical populations.
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| 45. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with regard to clinical parameters and smoking: a descriptive and comparative study.
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Thorax. - 0040-6376. ; 51:8, s. 825-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Self-assessment questionnaires which measure the functional and affective consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) give valuable information about the effects of the disease and may serve as important tools with which to evaluate treatment. METHODS: A cross sectional comparative study was performed between patients with COPD (n = 68), stratified according to pulmonary function, and a healthy control group (n = 89). A battery of well established clinical and quality of life measures (the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD)) was used to examine in which functional and affective aspects the patient group differed from the control group and how these measures related to pulmonary function and smoking habits. RESULTS: Compared with the controls, COPD affected functional status in most areas, not just those requiring physical activity. Forty six patients with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) below 50% predicted showed particularly high levels of dysfunction in ambulation, eating, home management, and recreation/ pastimes (SIP). Despite this, their level of psychosocial functioning and mood status was little different from that of the healthy controls. Among the patients, a subgroup reported substantial psychological distress, but mood status was only weakly, or not at all, related to pulmonary function. Smoking habits did not affect functional status or well being. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life is not significantly affected in patients with mild to moderate loss of pulmonary function, possibly due to coping and/or pulmonary reserve capacity. This suggests that generic self-assessment questionnaires are of limited value for detecting the early consequences of COPD. However, in later stages of the disease they are sensitive enough to discriminate between patients with different levels of pulmonary dysfunction. The low correlations between the indices of pulmonary function and the indices of affective status suggest that well being depends, to a large extent, on factors outside the clinical domain.
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| 46. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
-
Health-related quality of life in COPD: why both disease-specific and generic measures should be used.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - 0903-1936. ; 18:1, s. 69-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although research has consistently demonstrated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) impairs health-related quality of life (HRQL), little agreement has been evidenced regarding the factors identified as contributing to impaired HRQL. The aim was to study such factors using well established generic and specific HRQL instruments. The patients (n=68) were stratified by forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to represent a wide range of disease severity. Pulmonary function, blood gases and 6-min walking distance test (6MWD) were assessed. HRQL instruments included: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Mood Adjective Check List. The strength of the impact of COPD on HRQL was represented along a continuum ranging from lung function, functional status (physical and psychosocial) to wellbeing. Although correlations between FEV1 versus SGRQ total and SIP overall scores (r=-0.42 and -0.32) were stronger than previously reported, multiple regression analyses showed that lung function contributed little to the variance when dyspnoea-related limitation, depression scores and 6MWD were included in the models. These three factors were important to varying degrees along the whole range of HRQL. Physiological, functional and psychosocial consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are only poorly to moderately related to each other. The present study concludes that a comprehensive assessment of the effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requires a battery of instruments that not only tap the disease-specific effects, but also the overall burden of the disease on everyday functioning and emotional wellbeing.
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| 47. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation programme in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled study.
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine. - 0036-5505. ; 31:4, s. 207-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 < 50% pred.) were randomized to a rehabilitation group and a control group. The rehabilitation group took part in an individualized multidisciplinary, outpatient 12-month rehabilitation programme. Exercise training was intensive during the first 6 weeks and was then gradually replaced by an individual home-training programme and booster sessions. Controls received the usual outpatient care. Positive effects were found in terms of maximum symptom-limited exercise tolerance and walking distance (13.5 and 12.1% increase, respectively) in the rehabilitation group compared with the controls. Quality of life measurements showed minor beneficial effects on the Sickness Impact Profile, indicating a higher level of activity. No effect was seen on the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire or the Mood Adjective Check List. Patients expressed their enthusiasm for the rehabilitation programme in a study-specific questionnaire.
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| 48. |
- Engström, Carl-Peter, 1945, et al.
(författare)
-
Reliability and validity of a Swedish version of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire.
- 1998
-
Ingår i: The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology. - 0903-1936. ; 11:1, s. 61-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was designed to measure quality of life (QoL) in obstructive pulmonary disease. Its reliability, validity and sensitivity have been demonstrated. The aim was to develop a Swedish version of the SGRQ and to confirm its scaling and clinical properties. The SGRQ was adapted for Swedish conditions following a translation-backtranslation procedure. The psychometric and clinical evaluation included 68 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Supplementary QoL, clinical and physiological data were collected. A follow-up study was performed 1 yr later. Correlation analysis used a multitrait-multimethod model. Internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity were documented by performing a multitrait analysis. The results confirmed expected levels of associations. Correlation coefficients between the SGRQ total score and the Sickness Impact Profile Total score (a generic health measure), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and 6 min walking distance were 0.69, -0.42 and -0.61 respectively. The pattern of correlations in the Swedish data set was very similar to that of the original. The stability of the SGRQ scores was confirmed at follow-up after 1 yr. The reliability was satisfactory, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients >0.80 for the SGRQ and its subdimensions. In conclusion, the Swedish version of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire is reliable, valid and compares well with the corresponding tests of the original version.
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| 49. |
- Falk, Hanna, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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A psychometric evaluation of a Swedish version of the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia (QUALID) scale.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics / IPA. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 19:6, s. 1040-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the validity, reliability and responsiveness of a Swedish translation of the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia (QUALID) Scale. METHOD: A total of 169 elderly residents at 19 dementia special care units in eight long-term care facilities in the Gothenburg city region participated in the study. Assessments were made by 107 proxy informants. RESULTS: Results showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficients 0.74), acceptable inter-rater reliability between informants (0.69), and high test-retest reliability (0.86). As hypothesized, QUALID scores were also associated with those from other quality-of-life (QoL) indices (criterion validity), as well as with use of psychoactive drugs, and with tests of cognitive impairment (clinical validity). The responsiveness of the questionnaire was also acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: As important clinical decisions may derive from perceived QoL effects, it is vital that the QoL data be reliable, valid and sensitive to change. Our evaluations of the psychometric properties of the Swedish QUALID indicate that it satisfactorily meets the need for an instrument to assess QoL in late-stage dementia in Sweden, in a wide range of settings and applications.
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| 50. |
- Falk, Hanna, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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A sense of home in residential care
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 27:4, s. 999-1009
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moving into a residential care facility requires a great deal of adjustment to an environment and lifestyle entirely different from that of one's previous life. Attachment to place is believed to help create a sense of home and maintain self-identity, supporting successful adjustment to contingencies of ageing. The purpose of this study was to deepen our understanding of processes and strategies by which older people create a sense of home in residential care. Our findings show that a sense of home in residential care involves strategies related to three dimensions of the environment – attachment to place, to space and attachment beyond the institution – and that the circumstances under which older people manage or fail in creating attachment, consist of psychosocial processes involving both individual and shared attitudes and beliefs. Assuming that attachment is important to human existence regardless of age, attention must be paid to optimize the circumstances under which attachment is created in residential care, and how nursing interventions can help speed up this process due to the frail and vulnerable state of most older residents.
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