| 1. |
- Hudson, Lawrence N., et al.
(författare)
-
The PREDICTS database : a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 4:24, s. 4701-4735
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Aktaş, Vezir, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating Turkish university students’ attitudes towards refugees in a time of Civil War in neighboring Syria
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Current Psychology. - : Springer. - 1046-1310 .- 1936-4733. ; 40:2, s. 553-562
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thousands of refugees have immigrated to Turkey because of the current Civil War in neighboring Syria. This is causing tensions between refugees and locals. These increasingly negative attitudes towards the incoming victims of conflict are of particular interest. The present study, therefore, aimed at determining the premises of the emergence of such negative attitudes. The research sample consisted of university students who all studied at various faculties at Cumhuriyet University in the Turkish province of Sivas. Data were collected by the Attitude Scale Towards Refugees, the Patriotism Attitude Scale, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the Cirhinlioğlu Religiosity Scale. Data were analyzed by Independent Sample t-tests as well as using Stepwise Regression Analyses. Results showed that the feeling of empathy correlated negatively with negative attitudes towards refugees, while blind patriotism, religiosity, and having nationalist/conservative orientations, correlated positively. Men were found to be more negative than women. The feeling of empathy was the most prominent factor in predicting the nature of attitudes towards refugees. Religious doctrine and distancing oneself from conservative and patriotic perspectives appeared to be effective in potentially preventing the development of negative attitudes. In conclusion, research results are discussed in the light of relevant literature.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Aktaş, Vezir, et al.
(författare)
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Taking to the streets : A study of the street academy in Ankara
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Educational Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0007-1005 .- 1467-8527. ; 68:3, s. 365-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In wide-ranging attacks on academic freedom in Turkey in recent years, thousands of academics have lost their university positions. At the end of 2016 oppositional academics, many of whom were dismissed from their positions for having signed a peace petition, established a Street Academy as an alternative way to reach out to both students and the public in Ankara. In this study we analyse the experiences of these street academy lecturers from the perspective of Social Representation Theory. Our main aims were to explore teaching experience perceptions and representations and, in addition, also the opportunities and challenges generated by this alternative academy. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews with five female and five male street academy lecturers. The results of a qualitative thematic analysis revealed that the way participants explained their experiences could be organised into three major themes and several subordinate themes. One of the most salient results was that participating in the street Academy had become a way to defend academic freedom. More generally suggested results demonstrated that teaching in this new setting, outside of the universities and away from customised learning environments, was quite a novel experience. The possible implications of street academy lecturers? experiences are discussed.
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| 6. |
- Bondarik, Marina, et al.
(författare)
-
Talent for the knowledge economy? A case study of Russia and the search for key people for economic growth
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The transition from a locally planned economy to a global knowledge economy in Russia features several conflicts between the old and the new. At the center of Russian restructuring stands the young talented. Considering the significance of talent for economic growth it is important to explore how talent is understood and managed by different Russian types of organizations. A group of experts (N = 46) were therefore selected to participate in the study representing government, business, and education. Data were gathered by means of semi-structured interviews on location in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia. The study was descriptive in nature and a straightforward qualitative content analysis, as constituted by the categorization of data, was employed. Results showed that all stakeholders identified talent as both high-achieving and creative. They also recognized structural difficulties in implementing talent support. Also, different groups had different understandings of the nature and societal purpose of talent. This article is concluded with focusing issues, derived from the data analysis, important to consider when establishing talent-dependent organizations or businesses in current Russia.
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| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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School, Learning and Mental Health : A systematic review
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten presenterar resultaten från en systematisk översikt av forskning om skola, lärande och barns psykiska hälsa. Kungliga Vetenskapsakademiens Hälsoutskottet har givit uppdraget att genomföra en sådan översikt till en arbetsgrupp som har arbetat med uppdraget från hösten 2008 till mars 2009. Det första syftet med översikten är att genomföra en kartläggning av forskning inom det breda fält som behandlar frågor om skola, lärande och barns och ungdomars psykiska hälsa. Det andra syftet är att genomföra en narrativ syntes av forskning som undersökt orsaksförhållanden mellan psykisk hälsa å ena sidan och skolresultat och lärande å den andra sidan. Det tredje syftet är att redovisa resultat från forskning som har studerat svenska barns och ungdomars erfarenheter och upplevelser av skola och undervisningssituationer. För att uppnå de första två syftena genomfördes systematiska litteratursökningar i bibliografiska databaser av artiklar publicerade i vetenskapliga internationella tidskrifter inom olika discipliner. Det tredje syftet undersöktes med litteratursökningar av kvalitativa svenska studier i bibliografiska databaser. Slutsatser På grundval dels av kartläggningen av forskning om skola, lärande och psykisk hälsa, dels av de två fördjupade översikterna kan följande slutsatser dras: • Omfattningen av forskning som undersöker relationerna mellan olika aspekter av skola och psykisk hälsa är begränsad och i synnerhet gäller detta forskning som undersöker organisationsfaktorer och undervisnings-faktorer, aktiviteter, läroplaners utformning, resurser, specialpedagogiskt stöd, och olika former av betyg och bedömning. • Tidiga svårigheter i skolan och i synnerhet läs- och skrivsvårigheter kan orsaka internaliserande och externaliserande psykiska problem. • Svårigheter i skola och psykiska problem tenderar att vara stabila över tid. • Skolrelaterade hälsoproblem tenderar att minska när eleverna börjar på gymnasiet och får tillgång till nya områden av aktiviteter, roller och valmöjligheter. • Att genomföra stora ansträngningar utan att detta leder till resultat är relaterat till utveckling av depression. Problem i skolan med skolresultat och prestationer orsakar inter-naliserande symptom för flickor under tonåren. • Det finns samband mellan olika typer av psykiska problem och de är också relaterade till ett brett spektrum av somatiska och psykosomatiska symptom. • Internaliserande och externaliserande psykiska problem har negativa effekter på skolprestationer genom mekanismer som är delvis ålders- och genusspecifika. • Kompetenser och prestationer i skolan är relaterade till psykisk hälsa. • Goda resultat i skolan har en positiv effekt på självuppfattning. • En god självuppfattning bidrar inte direkt till bättre resultat, men andra faktorer som är relaterade till självuppfattning (motivation och upplevd inre/yttre kontroll) påverkar lärande och resultat • Relationer med klasskamrater och lärare bidrar till processer som kopplar skolmisslyckande till psykisk ohälsa. Relationer med kamrater och lärare kan också skydda mot utvecklingen av psykiska problem. • Jämförelser med klasskamrater påverkar självuppfattningen, med effekter som varierar beroende på gruppsammansättning och typ av skola.
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| 8. |
- Juslin, P.N, et al.
(författare)
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Emotional communication
- 2002
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Ingår i: The science and psychology of music performance. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 0195138104 ; , s. 219-236
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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A voice of sanity in the arid land of dogmatic systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal for Talent Development and Creativity. - : The International Centre for Innovation in Education (ICIE). - 2291-7179. ; 3:2, s. 65-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 11. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Ability Climates : The forgotten cultural factor in promoting gifted education
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intellectually gifted individuals are increasingly seen as the problem solvers of the future who are to secure societal prosperity and welfare. However, little attention has been paid to the fact that there may exist cultural obstacles in promoting intellectual giftedness in any given culture when setting such educational targets. If certain abilities are not highly valued in a given culture, it seems unlikely that increasing an interest in education focused on excellence in these abilities would be as successful as hoped. The abilities needed for economical growth and continued welfare are not necessarily the abilities valued by the people who are expected to pursue such training. Successful implementation is likely to dependent on the culturally dominant ability climate. The presentation focuses on a recent study of ability climates in 29 European countries as based on socially represented notability. The analysis of data yielded three types of European ability climates: A uniform ability climate; a divergent ability climate, and a diverse ability climate; each of which was characterized by clusters of abilities that seemed to be particularly valued in a given European country. Only nine of the participating countries appeared to feature an ability climate conducive to intellectual pursuits.
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| 12. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Accountable talent : Under and overachievement as investible human capital
- 2017. - 1
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Ingår i: Gifted underachiever. - Hauppage, NY : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781536124293 - 9781536123968 ; , s. 1-32
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The notion of underachievement seems often accepted uncritically at face value by educatorsand policy-makers alike. Few consider the origins of the terms and the culturalvalues motivating them. This chapter, therefore, aims at contextualizing how underachievement,and by extension, inevitably also overachievement and talent, are currentlyunderstood in educational settings to demonstrate that both definition and applicationare coupled with market oriented industry management strategies, and that these, inturn, are tied to current socioeconomic ideology and discourse. Individual considerationand empowerment by means of education are no longer favored values in society. Globalizedworld economy and the ideologies sustaining it, have made explicit demands onwhat education must be and do. The meaning and nature of both underachievement andoverachievement, therefore, have changed dramatically in a relatively short period oftime, prompted by policy changes based on a number of doubtful assumptions, all arguedto prompt both school systems and societal systems’ development into excellence. However,in scrutinizing research done on underachievement, overachievement, and talentsince the 1990s, this demonstrating how meanings and their underpinning values havediscretely changed, it is quite possible to conclude that it is perhaps better for most studentsand employees to remain unexcellent rather than to potentially sacrifice health andsanity being more or less forcefully assimilated into a culture of excellence.
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| 13. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Adding emotion to the gifted musical mind : Towards a model of gifted musical thinking
- 2010
-
Ingår i: The International Journal of Creativity and Problem Solving. - 1598-723X. ; 20:2, s. 85-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much research has explored cognitive functions and the nature of information processing since the cognitive revolution began with the advent of computers. With the establishing of music psychology attention was directed also to the cognition and processing of music. However, the initial reluctance of Science to avoid the study of emotions became a problem especially in studying music as a cultural phenomenon, with the inherent ability to trigger strong affective responses. For future research into music behavior to arrive at a more complete understanding of musical giftedness and what separates general music information processing from gifted music information processing, a heuristic model of gifted musical thinking, including affective behavior, bringing domain constituents together, is much needed. This is therefore the objective of this article, namely to review relevant research and in so doing propose a differentiated model of gifted musical thinking by outlining cognitive function and bringing the most probable constituents of such musical thinking together, drawing from Persson’s (2009) multidimensional model of musical giftedness, which adds the significance of affective responses and emotive skills to the construct of musical giftedness.
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| 14. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Agility and function, or rule-ridden management and structural slavery : Disentangling the complexity of human nature, work, and policy making
- 2022
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite its ubiquity few outside the corridors of power are concerned with policy. We become acutely aware, however, when policy is dysfunctional. If dysfunctional why are such policies increasing in numbers anyway? Departing from well-known facts of social evolution this book explains why, and also how flawed policy is tied to political inertia and the UN’s Sustainability Agenda. If some of the challenges that the World is facing can be resolved by well-designed policy, a proposal is also made how policy makers must reason to create functional policy in line with human nature.
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| 15. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Ambitious humanity : the uses and abuses of competing
- 2021
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few fields of study offer so many contradictions and such fervent conviction as competition. Not many would question that the human species is intrinsically competitive, but the understanding of what this means and how it impacts everything from local schools to the global economy differs to the extreme. It is the objective of this study to synthesise a multitude of research and other literature in search of what could be considered reasonably true in scrutinising claims made that competition is always useful and beneficial. It has even been argued that competing is necessary for the continued progress of human society at all levels of endeavour. But such assertions of benefits are often curiously made together with findings that contradict them. In most cases contradiction rarely leads to discouraging the strategic use of competition. The objective of this study, therefore, is also practical in the sense that there is a need to educate [sic] the social science community about the inescapable reality of phylogenetic evolution and how it affects every aspect of human behaviour in general and competitive behaviour in particular. A critical analysis of published research is difficult to understand unless the evolutionary origins of ambition, its conditions and effects on human existence are explained first. Competition is the dispassionate engine which drives phylogenetic evolution for all known living organisms. It is difficult to say anything valid about human behaviour without considering it. The result of the analysis is disheartening. Few assertions of claimed benefits stand up to the knowledge base of biology and our evolutionary history. Most fail because they are studied, or operationalised, on the assumption that competitive processes, even if essentially detrimental, are always subject to control and can therefore be used instrumentally in all social settings for every conceivable endeavour and always in aconstructive way. No practitioner, and very few scholars in the social sciences, take the randomness by which we sometimes behave into account, or that much of human behaviour is motivated by biological algorithms generating largely automatic and unaware behaviour. We do not always know when we compete or why. Competition as an evolutionary function does not easily translate into intellectually engineered strategies, especially not if they involve intellectual and creative endeavours. The only domain in which competing remains reasonably true to its evolutionary origin and function in organised and formalised society is in the pursuit of physical prowess such as in sports. Competition has by natural selection over eons of time been designed to be primarily physical. This study concludes by comparing argued benefits as probable, occasional, doubtful or improbable to known facts of evolution in order to suggest what we may have understood correctly and what we most likely have misunderstood entirely.
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| 16. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Begåvning och samhälle i paradoxernas samtid
- 2023
-
Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- År 2017 skrev jag boken Annorlunda land: särbegåvningens psykologi (Almqvist & Wiksell) som är en sammanställning av vad man då visste om begåvning i allmänhet och särbegåvning i synnerhet. Denna text är en uppföljning av denna som på ett populärvetenskapligt sätt ger en mycket personlig bild av dagens kunskapsläge med ett fokus på den problematik som existerar både för den begåvade i samhället och för den begåvade som elev, student eller som fokus för forskning. Boken kanske bäst kan beskrivas som en guidad tur genom det komplexa landskap av forskning som begåvning utgör och berättar om de observationer jag har gjort under tre decennier i jämförelse med vad forskningen har att säga. Utan att dyka alltför djupt i den enorma mängd forskning som numera finns reder ut vad som är forskning och vad som snarare är ideologiska floskler. Jag utgår inte bara från psykologisk och pedagogisk forskning när denna är tillämpbar, jag utgår i lika stor utsträckning från olika naturvetenskaper. Viktiga hållpunkter i texten blir de praktiska konsekvenserna av normalfördelningen och hur dessa har rationaliserats bort från skolan, utbildning och arbetsliv. Jag jämför Sverige med EU och vågar mig på att ge en generell definition av begåvning och diskuterar varför ingen hittills har lyckats producera en stabil definition som alla kan vara överens om, trots det över 100 definitioner som redan finns. Numera kan man inte heller förstå begåvning i samhället om man inte också förstår den globala ekonomin och de principer på vilka denna vilar. Begåvning är mycket eftersökt i samhället, men på ett sätt som inte går att förena med verkligheten. Avslutningsvis ger jag råd för hur man hjälper extremt begåvade individer i lovets olika skeden. Det står utom allt tvivel att de sällan kan göra samma val som står till buds för resten av befolkningen.
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| 17. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Big, bad and stupid or big, good and smart? : a three-year participant observational field study of the male bodybuilder stereotype and its consequences
- 2004
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research aims at exploring the male bodybuilder stereotype by establishingwhether there indeed exists a stereotypical response pattern inbeing confronted with this type of athlete. If so, which is the content of thisstereotype? Is there also a cross-cultural fit to such a pattern? The study issocio-biologically oriented and designed mainly as a participant-observationfield study in varying Swedish settings over a period of three years. An internationalsample proper of bodybuilders (N = 22) from four Western countriesfor comparison participated by means of a questionnaire derived fromthe observational data (average age M = 36.6, SD = 6.9; average weight M =113.6 kilos, SD = 12.4 kilos and average height M = 177.6 cm, SD = 3.7 cm).The data were subjected to a content analysis focusing on categorising inaccordance with socio-biological assumptions as well as by the responses’assumed intent and type. Results suggest a distinctive pattern to responseswhich, in addition, appear cross-culturally valid (the agreement index was .84).The male bodybuilder stereotype may be outlined as a series of dichotomousdimensions, which vary by emphasis in accordance with culture but apparentlynot in nature: 1) Someone to envy or someone to admire; 2) Someone to beafraid of or someone to make friends with; 3) Someone unintelligent or someonedetermined and skilled; 4) Someone to harass or someone to desire; and 5)Someone embarrassing or someone to be proud of. A sub-sample of Swedishparticipants only (n = 13) is dealt with separately, since the Swedish researchcontext appears to have several unique features. Possible implications of the studyare discussed as well as future research.
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| 18. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Brilliant performers as teachers : A case study of common sense teaching in a conservatoire setting
- 1996
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Music Education. - : SAGE Publications. - 0255-7614 .- 1744-795X. ; 28:1, s. 25-36
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports an exploratory study into applied music teaching at a tertiary level. The study was staged as a case study where the case comprises one performance teacher of piano and nine students. The focus of the study is how a performance teacher with no formal training fares in the training of musical performers, how students respond, and what are the particular successful or unsuccessful issues in what could feasibly be termed ‘commonsense teaching’. The data were gathered through participant observation, informal interviews and questionnaires. The findings suggest, after content analysis, that the distinction between the role of the instrumental teachers and the role of the expert performer is an essential distinction. In spite of good intentions the participating teacher failed to provide a successful instructional strategy. The article concludes by tentatively proposing some instructional considerations for applied music teaching, as drawn from the case study.
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| 19. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Challenges to the basis of giftedness and talent education
- 2019
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the notion of someone being extraordinary in the most positive of terms is ancient, the more contemporary understanding of giftedness and talented is mainly American with roots in the 1970s Cold War United States. Since then, for good and for worse, American scholarship has dominated its research and practice. Although the study is now pursued globally, and for the same reasons which once triggered it in the United States, research follows, or is entirely built upon, American theories, models, practices, and more surprisingly, also American values. With the emergence of big data, however, behavioural genetics, epigenetics, the continued revelations of evolutionary research—all of which have emerged in the natural sciences after the launch of gifted American education—have left much, if not all, of the foundations on which giftedness and talent has so far been understood wanting. As much as there is a need to support gifted individuals in society by all means possible, few take into account that giftedness in the light of evolutionary dynamics is a dysfunctional social phenomenon. Scholars, practitioners and political leaders alike are often uninformed of, or even insensitive to, the consequences of solid recent findings in other disciplines than education and psychology. This keynote will address a few of the available evidence which are challenging both our current understanding of gifted education as well as the largely American cultural basis of how giftedness and talent have been defined to date. The general ambition of the world economy is to make every effort to harness talent worldwide for economic growth. However, this is an impossible objective with little or no support in objective empirical research if pursued in a large scale under a neoliberal ideology and its instruments of social and economic control.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Destined to lead the world? Great leaders, fashionable nonsense, and the origins and possible future of leadership
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Leadership in gifted education. - Hauppauge, NY : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781536142877 ; , s. 1-47
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is the possession of formidable abilities, skills, a creative flair, and considerable intellectual prowess, a path to successful leadership? The brief answer is no. While leadership is a human universal, few theories and management procedures include a biological and genetic foundation for explaining and facilitating leadership behavior and practice. Gifted individuals, irrespective of how ethical, intelligent, and wise, are highly unlikely to reach the pinnacles of power and influence. They are too different in comparison to most others. Should they manage to move upwards in the social hierarchy despite of this, they arrive at the top as changed individuals. The force of evolution, social status, as well as degree of power and influence, change the behavior of an individual physiologically affecting both perception and personal characteristics prompting a leader to become less ethical and more coercive as well as manipulative. This chapter focuses on the evolutionary origins of leadership and discusses obstacles to operationalize transformational leadership in large groups and populations. While a consistent ethical and compassionate leadership is largely a futile endeavor on a large scale, it is nevertheless feasible on a much smaller scale with a group of fewer than about 250 individuals. Glamour, fame, and worldwide recognition, as attributes of an ethical and wise Great Leader to nations, large organizations, or multinational businesses, contrary to the hopes and wishes of many, are not available for our best and brightest—and never will be, unless Homo Sapiens is somehow reprogrammed by evolution. The possible implications of this for gifted leadership training is discussed.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Distress or satisfaction? : Talent management in higher education worldwide
- 2017
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this report was to explore the degree to which academic staff worldwide havebeen satisfied with their work in higher education, and whether they have experienced a workenvironment conducive to creative and innovative output in teaching and research. Makinghigher education instrumental in increasing innovative output by marketisation, massification,performativity and accountability, is an explicit objective in the emerging global knowledgeeconomy. The premise underlying the study was that creative and innovative outputs areintrinsically tied to, and dependent upon, supportive and benevolent work environments. Theresearch was designed as a systematised literature review of 91 selected empirical articles andliterature reviews in multiple languages, published from 1996 until the present, representing34 countries on all continents. The analysis suggests that academics worldwide tend not tofare well under new public management, being the knowledge economy’s favoured tool ofcontrol and implementation. Contrary to expectation, however, neoliberal policies and newpublic management seem not necessarily need to be blamed for stress and workdissatisfaction. It would appear that it is rather the academic leadership and its managementwho have a key role in deciding the health and wellbeing of their staff.
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| 29. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Educating for a cosmopolitan ethos in education : Adapting expectations to reality
- 2022
-
Ingår i: The International Journal for Talent Development and Creativity. - : The International Centre for Innovation in Education (ICIE). - 2291-7179 .- 2563-6871. ; 10:1-2, s. 77-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cosmopolitanism is an ancient Greek notion which in modern times has found its way into educational practice. It expresses a moral responsibility toward everyone irrespective of cultural background, looks or ability. However, it is an ideology difficult to operationalise and convey in education if the objective is to change learners’ attitudes for the future benefit of mankind. There are several obstacles standing in the way such as concurrent but incompatible value systems, the rise of individual empowerment for global economic growth and most important perhaps, the evolutionary basis of human nature. It is, for example, not possible to encourage competitive behaviour and simultaneously aim at imparting moral values. It is difficult to effectively teach a cosmopolitan mindset, but this is not to say that we should not try. Drawing from the research of multiple disciplines the conclusion of this article is inevitably paradoxical. While the effort to strive for moral cosmopolitanism is a good one, it is also not a one that is entirely possible. We must adjust expectations rather than trying to find miraculous methods by which to enable a better World through general tolerance and acceptance everywhere. Sadly, the latter is not possible. We can at best expect to have a local impact made possible by dialogue.
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| 30. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Erudite, insightful and immensely important : A commentary on V. P. Glavenau's criticial article 'The Psychology of Creativity - A critical Reading'
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Creativity. Theories-Research-Applications. - Bialystok, Poland : Walter de Gruyter. - 2354-0036. ; 2:1, s. 17-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glăveanu’s target article is indeed timely and thought provoking. This commentary argues that Glăveanu needs not to be criticised in regard to stances taken, but rather be encouraged to expand his scope further. I suggest that this should be done by addressing the need for inter-disciplinary knowledge synthesis and also by recognising and exploring the social dynamics (and politics) of the academic world. Researchers need to be knowledgeable with regard to both in order to further an understanding of creativity and also to apply research findings responsibly.
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| 31. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
-
Ett förord till en förträfflig bok
- 2017
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Ingår i: Särskilt begåvade elever. - Stockholm : Gothia Förlag AB. - 9789177410010
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Europe, Gifted Education
- 2009
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Giftedness, Creativity, and Talent. - Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications. - 9781412949712
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 33. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Evolved human giftedness : Reclaiming science from ideology, dogmatism, and self-serving bias
- 2018. - 1
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- The lack of consensus of how to define both giftedness and talent has haunted both practice and research for a long time. Increasing understanding, usually the hallmark of science, is largely missing. This book explores likely reasons for stagnation. This is by no means unique to this particular field. The problems are more troubling for giftedness and talent scholars, however, than for researchers and practitioners in other areas of scholarly pursuit. The reason is a worldwide demand for high-achieving behavior and performance as a direct result of the New World Order. The global knowledge economy has demanding objectives but frequently fails to understand how to implement them by any other means than by legislation and policy. This has unfortunate consequences for society. To understand why the research field has turned largely inert one must understand, and also acknowledge, the dynamics of social evolution which, for the sake of group cohesion, will always prompt dogmatism, bias, and unaware choices in response to the demands of environment. Importantly, rising to scholarly fame and recognition unavoidably has a corrupting influence because of physiological changes occurring to the one being subject to such change. The resulting challenge to scholars and practitioners is, therefore, a formidable one. Not only does the research field need to rethink much of its currently accepted knowledge, gifted education will also need to reinvent itself. If not, it risks fading into oblivion due to the emerging possibilities of widely available artificially induced performance enhancement, which is creating new standards of achievement in both education and on the labor market.
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| 34. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Experiences of intellectually gifted students in an egalitarian and inclusive educational system : A survey study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal for the Education of the Gifted. - 0162-3532 .- 2162-9501. ; 33:4, s. 536-569
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study was launched in an educational setting where giftedness is not officially rec- ognized to explore intellectually gifted students’ experience of family background and support, their age and means of identification, the degree of support received in school, and the understanding they experienced from a primary to a tertiary education level. In all, 287 members of the Swedish branch of Mensa (216 men and 71 women), all with IQ scores equal to or higher than the 98th percentile, constituted the research group. A survey design was used and provided as an Internet-based questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed as within-group dispersions, whereas qualitative data were subjected to a straightforward content analysis. Results show cause for con- cern. In particular, primary school appeared to be a hostile environment. However, conditions improved somewhat as participants moved from primary to secondary school and again from secondary to tertiary education. However, the participants remained far from satisfied at any level of the education system. Four problem areas were identified in the study as constituting the gifted students’ compounded dilemma in an egalitarian, regular, and inclusive school system
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Exploring the meaning of gender : Evaluating and revising the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) for a Swedish research context (BSRI-SE)
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This research evaluates the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) for use in a Swedish setting, and in the process of so doing also compares the distribution of American and Swedish gender roles as elicited by the inventory. A sample of 118 individuals (48 males and 70 females) was used in order to arrive at norms better suited to a Swedish context than those provided by Bem (1974). Reliability and factor analyses were performed and a revised version of the inventory, with acceptable psychometric properties for the Swedish sample, was arrived at and termed BSRI-SE. Comparisons between the original American and the Swedish sample show that differences in the way that femininity, masculinity, androgyny and undifferentiated gender are distributed are not statistically significant. Raw score data for the BSRI-SE, as well as the scoring sheet, are provided for continued standardisation of the inventory. Methods for classification and further research are discussed.
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| 37. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Extreme intellectual ability and the dynamics of social inclusion
- 2020
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Ingår i: The International Journal for Talent Development and Creativity. - : The International Centre for Innovation in Education (ICIE). - 2291-7179 .- 2563-6871. ; 8:1-2, s. 97-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While it is easy to include gifted into society individuals representing the social functions of maintenance or entertainment, it is much more challenging to fully include brilliant intellectuals, who can potentially change society and its power structure by their insights. This paper presents the theory and research underpinning various aspects social evolutionary dynamics in relation to many years of giftedness and talent scholarship to understand the dynamics of social inclusion; and the social inclusion of gifted and talented individuals in particular. As based on well-established empirical research from a multitude of disciplines, the conclusion of this paper was that societal attitudes toward the intellectually gifted may, to some extent, certainly be influenced for the better by social policy as well as by the education of the general public. However, importantly, existing research suggested that educating the gifted and talented themselves is also necessary. They too need an understanding of who they are in the light of social evolutionary dynamics; they need to learn why the world around them sometimes reacts aversively even though they are brilliant, and generally benevolent and socially responsible and they constitute considerable, yet often ignored, assets to all of society as a whole.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Förord
- 2010
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Giftedness, talent, and human evolution : A framework for understanding extreme behavior
- 2021
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Ingår i: Conceptions of giftedness and talent. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030568689 - 9783030568696 ; , s. 281-294
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number of theories and conceptions endeavoring to understand gifted and talented behavior are surprisingly numerous because of different scholarly convictions, practices impacted by culture, and motives to study and further the achievement potential of this relatively small but extraordinary group of individuals. In spite of intense study all over the world, we do not seem to be much closer to a common understanding of what giftedness and talent are in the scholarly community. This chapter does not present yet another theory, but it does propose a framework of important issues to consider in trying to forge all current theories and conceptions together motivating scholars to seek consensus on the basis of well-established knowledge in biology and evolutionary theory. These offer fundamental and scientifically uncontroversial knowledge shedding important light on the subject matter of education, psychology, and other social sciences and their derived practices. An evolutionary understanding offers new perspectives and will inevitably create a more sustainable knowledge base for understanding the social significance of giftedness, talent, and its education in a collective society by setting boundaries to what is likely to be possible, and perhaps of greater importance, to also suggest what is, in fact, impossible. The latter is likely to limit the impact of cultural and ideological biases on scholarship and educational practices.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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High ability and dreams of innovation and prosperity in the emerging global knowledge economy : A critical analysis of changing orientations in research and practice
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal for Talent Development and Creativity. - Paris, France : International Centre for Innovation in Education (ICIE). - 2291-7179. ; 2:2, s. 15-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are the gifted and talented destined for greatness in a neoliberally oriented knowledge economy? This is undoubtedly an important question for scholars, teachers, and parents advocating the value of gifted education to policy makers and employers worldwide. This review of literature from a multitude of relevant disciplines attempts to answer this question in drawing from political ideology, economic history, human universal behaviour, and principles of social evolution to the extent that we currently understand them. The analysis showed that while high ability is well underway to take centre stage globally in terms of stakeholder interest, the analysis also suggested that hopes projected onto the highly able are often illusory. The social dynamics characterizing the knowledge economy appears unlikely to accept potential contributions of the highly able, since it is not in the nature of a neoliberal economy to offer the necessary conditions needed for creative and innovative efforts. Given that these conclusions are reasonably correct, clearly much of gifted education, its research and raison d’ȇtre, will need to be reconsidered and new objectives and fields of research be explored.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Intellectually Gifted Individuals' Career Choices and Work Satisfaction : A descriptive study
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gifted and Talented International. - Winnipeg, Canada : World Council for Gifted and Talented Children (WCGTC). - 1533-2276. ; 24:1, s. 11-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study set out to investigate which career path a group of intellectually gifted individuals chose, if any. How did they actually like their work, and what were the reasons for satisfaction or dissatisfaction with their chosen career? In all, 287 Mensa members (216 men and 71 women) constituted the research group. Their average age was 34.4 years (SD = 8.8) and all had obtained IQ scores equal to or higher than the 98th percentile. The study was designed as a survey operationalized as an Internet-based questionnaire using the SPSS Dimensions software. A shortened version of the Work and Life Attitudes Survey (Warr, Cook & Wall, 1979) was included as part of the questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed as dispersions within the research group whereas qualitative data were content-analyzed using the so-called VSAIEEDC Model. Results show that participants tended to pursue careers mainly in Technology, Science and Social Work and to a lesser degree in Practical and Aesthetic work. Work satisfaction for all these fields was shown to be average. However, for individuals choosing to start their own company and, or assume leading managerial positions, satisfaction with work and career is very high. This article focuses on possible reasons for differences between subgroups in the sample and discusses a possible way forward to improve work satisfaction for intellectually gifted individuals at work, where needed.
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| 50. |
- Persson, Roland S., 1958-
(författare)
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Kulturförståelse i ett globaliserat samhälle
- 2010. - 1st
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den pågående globaliseringen ökar hela tiden behovet inte bara av att söka sig nya marknader, studera på andra orter och att arbeta och bo i andra länder. I allt ökande grad behövs också en kännedom om hur kulturer skiljer sig åt vad gäller värderingar, könsroller, maktförhållanden, ideal, regler, relationer och så vidare. I arbets- och vardagslivet har kulturkompetens blivit en nödvändighet. Boken vänder sig till alla som yrkesmässigt på olika sätt samspelar med andra kulturers representanter kortare eller längre tid, hemma eller utomlands. Den bygger på inrapporterad erfarenhet av en grupp personer från andra länder än Sverige som på olika sätt interagerat med Sverige och svenskarna. Fakta har emellertid huvudsakligen hämtats från en mycket omfattande vetenskaplig bas som representerar psykologi, sociologi, antroplogi, etnografi, management, pedagogik och i någon mån även psykiatri.
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