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Sökning: WFRF:(Persson Rutger G)

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1.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Prediction of hip and hand fractures in older persons with or without a diagnosis of periodontitis
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 48:3, s. 552-556
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% had a hip/hand fracture in 3 years. Calcaneus PIXI T-values < - 1.6 identified osteoporosis in 28.2% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 3.3:1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.7, p < 0.001). Older persons with osteoporosis had more severe periodontitis (p < 0.01). Periodontitis defined by >= 30% of sites with >= 5 mm distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and bone level (ABL) was found in 18.7% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 1.8:1 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.3, p < 0.05). Adjusted for age, the odds ratio of a hip/hand fracture in older persons with osteoporosis (PIXI T-value <-2.5) and periodontitis was 12.2:1 (95% CI: 3.5, 42.3, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Older persons with osteoporosis and periodontitis have an increased risk for hip/hand fractures.
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2.
  • Aghazadeh, Ahmad, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of bone defect morphology on the outcome of reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International journal of implant dentistry. - : Springer. - 2198-4034. ; 6:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To assess if (I) the alveolar bone defect configuration at dental implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis is related to clinical parameters at the time of surgical intervention and if (II) the outcome of surgical intervention of peri-implantitis is dependent on defect configuration at the time of treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, 45 individuals and 74 dental implants with ≥ 2 bone wall defects were treated with either an autogenous bone transplant or an exogenous bone augmentation material. Defect fill was assessed at 1 year.RESULTS: At baseline, no significant study group differences were identified. Most study implants (70.7%, n = 53) had been placed in the maxilla. Few implants were placed in molar regions. The mesial and distal crestal width at surgery was greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.001). Probing depths were also greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.01). Defect fill was correlated to initial defect depth (p < 0.001). Defect fill at 4-wall defects was significant (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: (I) The buccal-lingual width of the alveolar bone crest was explanatory to defect configuration, (II) 4-wall defects demonstrated more defect fill, and (III) deeper defects resulted in more defect fill.
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3.
  • Wallin Bengtsson, Viveca, et al. (författare)
  • Carotid calcifications in panoramic radiographs are associated with future stroke or ischemic heart diseases : a long-term follow-up study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 23:3, s. 1171-1179
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To assess if carotid calcifications detected in panoramic radiographs are associated with future events of stroke, and/or ischemic heart diseases over 10-13 years in individuals between 60 and 96 years.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Baseline (2001-2004) panoramic radiographs were assessed for evidence of carotid calcifications from individuals with no previous history of stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases. A radiopaque nodular mass adjacent to the cervical vertebrae, at or below the intervertebral space C3-C4, was interpreted as carotid calcification. Annual medical records were searched for ICD 10 codes through 2014.RESULTS: Signs of carotid calcification was demonstrated in 238/635 (37.5%) of the study individuals. Signs of carotid calcification was associated with future stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases (χ2 = 9.1, OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2, 2.2, p < 0.002). In individuals 60-72 years, a significant association between radiographic signs of carotid calcification and stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases (χ2 = 12.4, OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.5, 4.0, p < 0.000) (adjusted for high blood pressure, diabetes type 2, BMI; OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1, 3.5, p = 0.03). Individuals (60-72 years) with radiographic evidence of carotid calcifications had a mean cumulative stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases survival time of 12.1 years compared to those without such evidence (13.0 years) (log rank Mantel-Cox χ2 = 10.7, p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of carotid calcifications in panoramic radiographs is associated with an event of stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases in 60-96-year-old individuals.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Radiographic evidence of carotid calcifications is associated with stroke and/or ischemic heart diseases. Patients with signs of carotid calcifications should therefore be referred for medical examination.
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4.
  • Brito, Fernanda, et al. (författare)
  • Subgingival microflora in inflammatory bowel disease patients with untreated periodontitis.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 25:2, s. 239-245
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To analyze the subgingival microflora composition of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with untreated chronic periodontitis and compare them with systemically healthy controls also having untreated chronic periodontitis.METHOD: Thirty IBD patients [15 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 15 with ulcerative colitis (UC)] and 15 control individuals participated in the study. All patients had been diagnosed with untreated chronic periodontitis. From every patient, subgingival plaque was collected from four gingivitis and four periodontitis sites with paper points. Samples from the same category (gingivitis or periodontitis) in each patient were pooled together and stored at -70 °C until analysis using a checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for 74 bacterial species.RESULTS: Multiple-comparison analysis showed that the groups differed in bacterial counts for Bacteroides ureolyticus, Campylobacter gracilis, Parvimonas micra, Prevotella melaninogenica, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, and Treponema denticola (P<0.001). CD patients had significantly higher levels of these bacteria than UC patients either in gingivitis or in periodontitis sites (P<0.05). CD patients harbored higher levels of P. melaninogenica, S. aureus, S. anginosus, and S. mutans compared with controls both at gingivitis and at periodontitis sites (P<0.05). UC patients harbored higher levels of S. aureus (P=0.01) and P. anaerobius (P=0.05) than controls only in gingivitis sites.CONCLUSION: Our study showed that even with similar clinical periodontal parameters, IBD patients harbor higher levels of bacteria that are related to opportunistic infections in inflamed subgingival sites that might be harmful for the crucial microbe-host interaction.
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5.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis : a single-blinded randomized longitudinal clinical study. II. Microbiological results
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 37:6, s. 563-573
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • P>Background Peri-implantitis is common in patients with dental implants. We performed a single-blinded longitudinal randomized study to assess the effects of mechanical debridement on the peri-implant microbiota in peri-implantitis lesions. Materials and Methods An expanded checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assay encompassing 79 different microorganisms was used to study bacterial counts before and during 6 months following mechanical treatment of peri-implantitis in 17 cases treated with curettes and 14 cases treated with an ultrasonic device. Statistics included non-parametric tests and GLM multivariate analysis with p < 0001 indicating significance and 80% power. Results At selected implant test sites, the most prevalent bacteria were: Fusobacterium nucleatum sp., Staphylococci sp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Helicobacter pylori, and Tannerella forsythia. 30 min. after treatment with curettes, A. actinomycetemcomitans (serotype a), Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus anginosus, and Veillonella parvula were found at lower counts (p < 0.001). No such differences were found for implants treated with the ultrasonic device. Inconsistent changes occurred following the first week. No microbiological differences between baseline and 6-month samples were found for any species or between treatment study methods in peri-implantitis. Conclusions Both methods failed to eliminate or reduce bacterial counts in peri-implantitis. No group differences were found in the ability to reduce the microbiota in peri-implantitis.
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6.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Periodontitis and perceived risk for periodontitis in elders with evidence of depression.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:8, s. 691-6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Depression and periodontitis are common conditions in older adults. There is some evidence that these two conditions may be related.AIMS: To study a population of dentate elders and assess the prevalence of depression, self-assessment of risk for periodontitis and tooth loss, in relation to periodontal disease status.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were obtained from 701 older subjects (mean age 67.2 years (SD+/-4.6), of whom 59.5% were women. Self-reports of a diagnosis of depression, scores of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and self-assessment of risk for future tooth loss and periodontitis were compared with a diagnosis of periodontitis based on probing depth, and bone loss assessed from panoramic radiographs. Other systemic diseases and smoking habits were also determined and studied in relation to depression.RESULTS: A history of depression was reported by 20% of the subjects. GDS scores >/=8 were reported by 9.8% of the elders. Periodontitis was identified in 48.5% of the subjects. Depression was associated with heart attack (p<0.05), stroke (p<0.01), high blood pressure (p<0.02), all combined cardiovascular diseases (p<0.001), chronic pain (p<0.01), osteoarthritis (p<0.001), and osteoporosis (p< 0.001) but not with periodontitis (p=0.73). Subjects with depression had a higher self-reported risk score for future tooth loss (p<0.02). No group difference emerged for self-perceived risk for periodontitis. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a past history of tooth loss (p<0.001), self-perceived risk for periodontitis (p<0.02), the number of years with a smoking habit (p<0.02), and male gender (p<0.02) were associated with a diagnosis of periodontitis but neither measure of depression could be included in an explanatory model for periodontitis.CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of depression (self-report or by GDS) is not associated with risk for periodontitis in older subjects but is associated with tooth loss and chronic conditions associated with pain.
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7.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of ethnicity, gender, and marital status on periodontal and systemic health of older subjects in the Trials to Enhance Elders' Teeth and Oral Health (TEETH).
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 75:6, s. 817-23
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the association between periodontitis risk, gender, and marital status in older adults. The purpose of this study was to assess if the oral health status of older subjects could be explained by differences in: 1) marital status; 2) gender; and 3) ethnicity.METHODS: Clinical and radiographic periodontal oral conditions were studied in 701 older subjects from the TEETH clinical trial. Medical conditions as well as ethnic and marital status and smoking habits were considered.RESULTS: A total of 89 married couples were identified; 40.7% of these were of European descent and 48.1% of Chinese descent. The mean age was 67.7 years (SD +/- 4.7). The men were older than the women (mean difference: 1.5 years, SD +/- 4.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5 to 2.5, P<0.01). No significant differences in periodontal conditions were found between spouses or by marital status. Chinese descent was associated with a higher risk for periodontitis, regardless of marital status (odds ratio: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.04, P<0.03).CONCLUSIONS: 1) Married couples have similar social habits, similar oral health perceptions, and similar patterns of periodontal disease. 2) Dental studies including married couples do not bias data for married subjects as such. 3) Marital status has a limited impact on periodontal health but may have a greater impact on several systemic conditions, especially in widowed, divorced, or never married women. 4) Older Chinese subjects perceive themselves as being at lower risk for periodontitis but have more objective signs of periodontitis than older subjects of European descent.
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8.
  • Persson, Rigmor E, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older subjects. : Focus on diabetes mellitus
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:3, s. 207-13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: An increased risk for periodontitis has been associated both with type-1 or insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and with type-2 or non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM).AIMS: 1) To describe and analyze periodontal conditions in older low-income ethnic diverse subjects with or without a diagnosis of diabetes. 2) To assess to what extent diabetes mellitus is associated with periodontal status, and 3) how periodontitis ranks as a coexisting disease among other diseases in subjects with diabetes mellitus.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Radiographic signs of alveolar bone loss were studied in 1101 older subjects 60-75 years old (mean age 67.6, SD+/-4.7). The number of periodontal sites and the proportions of teeth with probing depth (PD) > or =5 mm, clinical attachment levels (CAL) > or =4 mm were studied in a subset of 701 of the subjects.RESULTS: IDDM was reported by 2.9% and NIDDM by 9.2% of the subjects. The number of remaining teeth did not differ by diabetic status. The number of sites with PD > or =5 mm and the proportion of PD with > or =5 mm was significantly smaller in the non-diabetic group (chi2=46.8, p<0.01, and chi2=171.1, p<0.001, respectively). Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate group differences for the number and proportions of sites with CAL > or =4 mm and for radiographic findings of alveolar bone loss. Combining all periodontal parameters revealed that the Mantel-Haenszel common odds of having IDDM/NIDDM and periodontitis was 1.8 : 1 (95% CI: 1.1-3.1, p<0.03). The common odds ratio estimate of an association between heart disease and diabetes was 3.6 : 1 (95% CI: 2.1-2.6, p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Probing depth differences between IDDM/NIDDM vs. non-diabetic subjects may reflect the presences of pseudo-pockets and not progressive periodontitis in many subjects with diabetes mellitus. Periodontitis is not a predominant coexisting disease in older subjects with diabetes mellitus.
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9.
  • Persson, Rigmor E, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older subjects. I. Focus on osteoporosis.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 29:9, s. 796-802
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis (OPOR) is a common chronic disease, especially in older women. Patients are often unaware of the condition until they experience bone fractures. Studies have suggested that OPOR and periodontitis are associated diseases and exaggerated by cytokine activity. Panoramic radiography (PMX) allows studies of mandibular cortical index (MCI), which is potentially diagnostic for OPOR.AIMS: i). To study the prevalence of self-reported history of OPOR in an older, ethnically diverse population, ii). to assess the agreement between PMX/MCI findings and self-reported OPOR, and iii). to assess the likelihood of having both a self-reported history of OPOR and a diagnosis of periodontitis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: PMX and medical history were obtained from 1084 subjects aged 60-75 (mean age 67.6, SD +/- 4.7). Of the films, 90.3% were useful for analysis. PMXs were studied using MCI. The PMXs were used to grade subjects as not having periodontitis or with one of three grades of periodontitis severity.RESULTS: A positive MCI was found in 38.9% of the subjects, in contrast to 8.2% self-reported OPOR. The intraclass correlation between MCI and self-reported OPOR was 0.20 (P < 0.01). The likelihood of an association between OPOR and MCI was 2.6 (95%CI: 1.6, 4.1, P < 0.001). Subjects with self-reported OPOR and a positive MCI had worse periodontal conditions (P < 0.01). The Mantel-Haentzel odds ratio for OPOR and periodontitis was 1.8 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.5, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of positive MCI was high and consistent with epidemiological studies, but only partly consistent with a self-reported history of osteoporosis with a higher prevalence of positive MCI in Chinese women. Horizontal alveolar bone loss is associated with both positive self-reported OPOR and MCI.
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10.
  • Persson, Rigmor E, et al. (författare)
  • Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older subjects. II. Focus on cardiovascular diseases.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 29:9, s. 803-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Panoramic radiographs (PMX)s may provide information about systemic health conditions.AIMS: i). To study clinical periodontal conditions and collect self-reported health status in a cohort of 1084 older subjects; ii). to study signs of alveolar bone loss and carotid calcification from panoramic radiographs obtained from these subjects; and iii). to study associations between study parameters.MATERIAL AND METHODS: PMXs from 1064 adults aged 60-75 (mean age 67.6, SD +/- 4.7) were studied. Signs of alveolar bone loss, vertical defects, and molar furcation radiolucencies defined periodontal status. Medical health histories were obtained via self-reports. Signs of carotid calcification were identified from panoramic radiographs.RESULTS: The PMX allowed assessment of 53% of the films (Seattle 64.5% and Vancouver 48.4%). A self-reported history of a stroke was reported by 8.1% of men in Seattle and 2.9% of men in Vancouver (P < 0.01). Heart attacks were reported by 12% of men in Seattle and 7.2% in Vancouver (N.S.). PMX evidence of periodontitis was found in 48.5% of the subjects, with carotid calcification in 18.6%. The intraclass correlation score for PMX findings of carotid calcification and stroke was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.10-0.35, P < 0.001). The odds ratio for PMX carotid calcification and periodontitis was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.3-3.2, P < 0.001), and for PMX carotid calcification and stroke 4.2 (95% CI: 1.9-9.1, P < 0.001). The associations disappeared when smoking was accounted for. A history of a heart attack was associated with stroke, gender, age, and PMX scores of alveolar bone loss.CONCLUSIONS: PMXs may provide valuable information about both oral conditions and signs of carotid calcification, data that are consistent with self-reported health conditions. Alveolar bone loss as assessed from PMXs is associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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11.
  • Roos-Jansåker, Ann-Marie, et al. (författare)
  • Long-term stability of surgical bone regenerative procedures of peri-implantitis lesions in a prospective case-control study over 3 years
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 38:6, s. 590-597
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • P>Objectives To evaluate the extent of bone fill over 3 years following the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis with bone grafting with or without a membrane. Material and Methods In a non-submerged wound-healing mode, 15 subjects with 27 implants were treated with a bone substitute (Algipore (R)) alone and 17 subjects with 29 implants were treated with the bone substitute and a resorbable membrane (Osseoquest (R)). Implants with radiographic bone loss >= 1.8 mm following the first year in function and with bleeding and/or pus on probing were included. Following surgery, subjects were given systemic antibiotics (10 days) and rinsed with chlorhexidine. After initial healing, the subjects were enrolled in a strict maintenance programme. Results Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate changes in bone fill between 1 and 3 years both between and within procedure groups. The mean defect fill at 3 years was 1.3 +/- (SD) 1.3 mm if treated with the bone substitute alone and 1.6 +/- (SD) 1.2 mm if treated with an adjunct resorbable membrane, (p=0.40). The plaque index decreased from approximately 40-10%, remaining stable during the following 2 years. Conclusion Defect fill using a bone substitute with or without a membrane technique in the treatment of peri-implantitis can be maintained over 3 years.
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12.
  • Widén, Cecilia, et al. (författare)
  • Antibacterial activity of berry juices, an in vitro study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - Oxon : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 73:7, s. 539-543
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activities of blackcurrant and sea buckthorn juices on bacteria associated with gingival inflammation.Materials and methodsThe growth of selected bacteria (Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus gordonii, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was studied in vitro on agar plates. The content of phenols in the different extracts was measured with HPLC-ESI-MS.ResultsThe spectrometric analysis identified that the highest level of the single phenols studied was found for ferulic acid (113 μg/ml) in blackcurrant juice. Sea buckthorn contained low levels of selected phenols. Total bacterial inhibition for all bacterial species studied was found at 20% berry juice concentration with pH varying between 4.1-5.4.ConclusionsThe present study identified that in vitro bacterial growth on agar plates was inhibited by blackcurrant and sea buckthorn juices and that low juice pH explains bacterial in vitro growth. This may have clinical implications in biofilm development, reducing the risks for both tooth decay and gingivitis.
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13.
  • Widén, Cecilia, et al. (författare)
  • Consumption of bilberries controls gingival inflammation
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 16:5, s. 10665-73
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Bioactive molecules in berries may be helpful in reducing the risk of oral diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of bilberry consumption on the outcome of a routine dental clinical parameter of inflammation, bleeding on probing (BOP), as well as the impact on selected biomarkers of inflammation, such as cytokines, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in individuals with gingivitis. Study individuals who did not receive standard of care treatment were allocated to either a placebo group or to groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g bilberries daily over seven days. The placebo group consumed an inactive product (starch). A study group, receiving standard of care (debridement only) was also included to provide a reference to standard of care treatment outcome. Cytokine levels were assayed using the Luminex MagPix system. The mean reduction in BOP before and after consumption of test product over 1 week was 41% and 59% in the groups that consumed either 250 or 500 g of bilberries/day respectively, and was 31% in the placebo group, and 58% in the standard of care reference group. The analysis only showed a significant reduction in cytokine levels in the group that consumed 500 g of bilberries/day. A statistically significant reduction was observed for IL-1b (p = 0.025), IL-6 (p = 0.012) and VEGF (p = 0.017) in GCF samples in the group that consumed 500 g of bilberries daily. It appears that berry intake has an ameliorating effect on some markers of gingival inflammation reducing gingivitis to a similar extent compared to standard of care.
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14.
  • Wyatt, C C L, et al. (författare)
  • Chlorhexidine and preservation of sound tooth structure in older adults : A placebo-controlled trial
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Caries Research. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 41:2, s. 93-101
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Trial to Enhance Elderly Teeth Health (TEETH) was designed to test the impact of regular rinsing with a 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution on tooth loss, and the causes of tooth loss (caries, periodontal disease and trauma) were also investigated. This paper reports on the effectiveness of a 0.12% CHX solution for controlling caries using a tooth surface (coronal and root) survival analysis. A total of 1,101 low income elders in Seattle (United States) and Vancouver (Canada), aged 60-75 years, were recruited for a double-blind clinical trial and assigned to either a CHX (n = 550) or a placebo (n = 551) mouth rinse. Subjects alternated between daily rinsing for 1 month, followed by weekly rinsing for 5 months. All sound coronal and root surfaces at baseline were followed annually for up to 5 years. At each follow-up examination, those tooth surfaces with caries, restored, or extracted were scored as 'carious'. The hazard ratio associated with CHX for a sound surface to become filled, decayed, or extracted was 0.87 for coronal surfaces (95% confidence interval: 0.71-1.14, p = 0.20) and 0.91 for root surfaces (95% confidence interval: 0.73-1.14, p = 0.41). These findings suggest that regular rinsing with CHX does not have a substantial effect on the preservation of sound tooth structure in older adults.
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15.
  • Baumgartner, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of the stone age diet on gingival conditions in the absence of oral hygiene.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 80:5, s. 759-768
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the oral microbiota and clinical data in subjects without access to traditional oral hygiene methods and who ate a diet available in the Stone Age.METHODS: Ten subjects living in an environment replicating the Stone Age for 4 weeks were enrolled in this study. Bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival and plaque indices, and probing depth (PD) were assessed at baseline and at 4 weeks. Microbiologic samples were collected at the mesio-buccal subgingival aspects of all teeth and from the dorsum of the tongue and were processed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization methods.RESULTS: No subject had periodontitis. Mean BOP decreased from 34.8% to 12.6% (P <0.001). Mean gingival index scores changed from 0.38 to 0.43 (not statistically significant) and mean plaque scores increased from 0.68 to 1.47 (P <0.001). PD at sites of subgingival sampling decreased (mean difference: 0.2 mm; P <0.001). At week 4, the total bacterial count was higher (P <0.001) for 24 of 74 species, including Bacteroides ureolyticus, Eikenella corrodens, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum naviforme, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Staphylococcus aureus (two strains), Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus anginosis, and Streptococcus mitis. Bacterial counts from tongue samples were higher at baseline (P <0.001) for 20 species, including Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans; serotype a), and Streptococcus spp.CONCLUSIONS: The experimental gingivitis protocol is not applicable if the diet (e.g., Stone Age) does not include refined sugars. Although plaque levels increased, BOP and PD decreased. Subgingival bacterial counts increased for several species not linked to periodontitis, whereas tongue bacterial samples decreased during the study period.
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16.
  • Fischer, Carolin C, et al. (författare)
  • Influence of the menstrual cycle on the oral microbial flora in women : a case-control study including men as control subjects.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 79:10, s. 1966-1973
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • UNLABELLED: Changes in the levels of female sex hormones during the menstrual cycle may cause cyclic differences in subgingival bacterial colonization patterns. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle cause changes in the oral microbiota.METHODS: Bacterial plaque samples were collected in 20 systemically and periodontally healthy women using no hormonal contraceptives (test group) over a period of 6 weeks. Twenty age-matched systemically and periodontally healthy men were assigned to the control group. Samples were processed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assay, and 74 species were analyzed.RESULTS: No cyclic pattern of bacterial colonization was identified for any of the 74 species studied in women not using hormonal contraceptives. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) (Y4) was common at the beginning of menstruation (mean: 32%) and increased during the following 2 weeks (36%) in women (P <0.05). No cyclic differences in bacterial presence were found among the men (P values varied between 0.14 and 0.98). Men presented with significantly higher bacterial counts for 40 of 74 species (P <0.001), including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but not Porphyromonas gingivalis (P = 0.15) or Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) (P = 0.42).CONCLUSIONS: During a menstruation period, cyclic variation in the subgingival microbiota of periodontally healthy women of child-bearing age who were not using oral hormonal contraceptives could not be confirmed. Male control subjects presented with higher levels of many species but also without a cyclic pattern.
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17.
  • Gonda, Tomoya, et al. (författare)
  • Predictors of multiple tooth loss among socioculturally diverse elderly subjects
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 26:2, s. 127-134
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: This study identifies clinical factors that predict multiple tooth loss in a socioculturally diverse population of older adults.Materials and Methods: A total of 193 participants from English-, Chinese-, or Punjabi-speaking communities in Vancouver, British Columbia, with low incomes and irregular use of dental services were followed for 5 years as part of a clinical trial of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The participants were interviewed and examined clinically, including panoramic radiographs, at baseline and annually for 5 years. Binary logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between incidence of multiple (≥ 3) tooth loss in older people with various biologic, behavioral, prosthodontic, and cultural variables over 5 years.Results: Multiple tooth loss, which was distributed similarly among the groups in the trial, occurred in 39 (20%) participants over 5 years. The use of removable prostheses was the best predictor of loss, followed by the number of carious surfaces and number of sites with gingival attachment loss > 6 mm. The pattern of prediction was consistent across the three linguocultural groups.Conclusion: The use of removable dentures was the dominant predictor of multiple tooth loss in the three communities, but that tooth loss was not significantly associated with the cultural heritage of the participants.
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18.
  • Gonda, Tomoya, et al. (författare)
  • Predictors of multiple tooth loss among socioculturally diverse elderly subjects
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - : Quintessence Publishing Company. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 26:2, s. 127-134
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: This study identifies clinical factors that predict multiple tooth loss in a socioculturally diverse population of older adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 193 participants from English-, Chinese-, or Punjabi-speaking communities in Vancouver, British Columbia, with low incomes and irregular use of dental services were followed for 5 years as part of a clinical trial of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The participants were interviewed and examined clinically, including panoramic radiographs, at baseline and annually for 5 years. Binary logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between incidence of multiple (≥ 3) tooth loss in older people with various biologic, behavioral, prosthodontic, and cultural variables over 5 years. Results: Multiple tooth loss, which was distributed similarly among the groups in the trial, occurred in 39 (20%) participants over 5 years. The use of removable prostheses was the best predictor of loss, followed by the number of carious surfaces and number of sites with gingival attachment loss > 6 mm. The pattern of prediction was consistent across the three linguocultural groups. Conclusion: The use of removable dentures was the dominant predictor of multiple tooth loss in the three communities, but that tooth loss was not significantly associated with the cultural heritage of the participants.
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19.
  • Kiyak, H Asuman, et al. (författare)
  • Ethnicity and oral health in community-dwelling older adults.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: General dentistry. - 0363-6771. ; 50:6, s. 513-518
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Epidemiological studies consistently have found differences in oral health status between white and non-white elders. This has been attributed primarily to lack of access to dental care, especially preventive services. The study reported here examined psychosocial factors in an attempt to explain these differences.
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20.
  • Lessem, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Are cardiac transplant patients more likely to have periodontitis? A case record study.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology. - 1466-2094. ; 4:3, s. 95-100
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In several large epidemiological studies chronic periodontitis has been implicated as an additional risk factor, independent of other risk factors, for the development of ischaemic heart disease. The underlying mechanism is thought to be a localised infection giving rise to an inflammatory host response, and some experimental data agree with this hypothesis. Recently, however, some studies have questioned the post dated relationship between the two diseases. The current case-record study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of chronic periodontitis and the severity of such periodontal disease in a heart transplant population, assuming the latter represented a relatively severely compromised cardiovascular patient population. The study demonstrated that 76% of the patients had various degrees of periodontal disease prior to undergoing a heart transplant. Thus, it is possible that a relationship between cardiovascular disease and periodontal disease exists, but further, large intervention studies will be needed to confirm such a conclusion.
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21.
  • Lessem, Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Are cardiac transplant patients more likely to have periodontitis? A case record study.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology. - : FDI World Dental Press Ltd. - 1466-2094. ; 4:3, s. 95-100
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In several large epidemiological studies chronic periodontitis has been implicated as an additional risk factor, independent of other risk factors, for the development of ischaemic heart disease. The underlying mechanism is thought to be a localised infection giving rise to an inflammatory host response, and some experimental data agree with this hypothesis. Recently, however, some studies have questioned the post dated relationship between the two diseases. The current case-record study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of chronic periodontitis and the severity of such periodontal disease in a heart transplant population, assuming the latter represented a relatively severely compromised cardiovascular patient population. The study demonstrated that 76% of the patients had various degrees of periodontal disease prior to undergoing a heart transplant. Thus, it is possible that a relationship between cardiovascular disease and periodontal disease exists, but further, large intervention studies will be needed to confirm such a conclusion.
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22.
  • Mäntylä, Päivi, et al. (författare)
  • Subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associates with the risk of coronary artery disease
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 40:6, s. 583-590
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim We investigated the association between angiographically verified coronary artery disease (CAD) and subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola. Materials and Methods The cross-sectional study population (n = 445) comprised 171 (38.4%) patients with Stable CAD, 158 (35.5%) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 116 (26.1%) with no significant CAD (No CAD). All patients participated in clinical and radiological oral health examinations. Pooled subgingival bacterial samples were analysed by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization assays. Results In all study groups, the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and T. denticola indicated a significant (p ≤ 0.001) linear association with the extent of alveolar bone loss (ABL), but A. actinomycetemcomitans did not (p = 0.074). With a threshold level of bacterial cells 1 × 105 A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more prevalent in the Stable CAD group (42.1%) compared to the No CAD group (30.2%) (p = 0.040). In a multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis using this threshold, A. actinomycetemcomitans positivity associated with Stable CAD (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.00–3.35, p = 0.049), but its level or levels of other bacteria did not. Conclusions The presence of subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans associates with an almost twofold risk of Stable CAD independently of alveolar bone loss.
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23.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Cardiovascular disease and periodontitis : an update on the associations and risk
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 35:8 Suppl, s. 362-379
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Associations between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases have been recognized.MATERIAL AND METHODS: New literature since the last European Workshop on Periodontology has been reviewed.RESULTS: The lack of reliable epidemiological data on disease prevalence makes an assessment of the associations and risks between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases difficult. Two recent meta-analysis reports have identified associations between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (odds ratios: 1.1-2.2). Different surrogate markers for both disease entities, including serum biomarkers, have been investigated. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid intima media thickness have in some studies been linked to periodontitis. Studies are needed to confirm early results of improvements of such surrogate markers following periodontal therapy. While intensive periodontal therapy may enhance inflammatory responses and impair vascular functions, studies are needed to assess the outcome of periodontal therapies in subjects with confirmed cardiovascular conditions. Tooth eradication may also reduce the systemic inflammatory burden of individuals with severe periodontitis. The role of confounders remain unclear.CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis may contribute to cardiovascular disease and stroke in susceptible subjects. Properly powered longitudinal case-control and intervention trials are needed to identify how periodontitis and periodontal interventions may have an impact on cardiovascular diseases.
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24.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Prediction of hip and hand fractures in older persons with or without a diagnosis of periodontitis
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2763 .- 8756-3282. ; 48:3, s. 552-556
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% had a hip/hand fracture in 3 years. Calcaneus PIXI T-values < - 1.6 identified osteoporosis in 28.2% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 3.3:1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.7, p < 0.001). Older persons with osteoporosis had more severe periodontitis (p < 0.01). Periodontitis defined by >= 30% of sites with >= 5 mm distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and bone level (ABL) was found in 18.7% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 1.8:1 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.3, p < 0.05). Adjusted for age, the odds ratio of a hip/hand fracture in older persons with osteoporosis (PIXI T-value <-2.5) and periodontitis was 12.2:1 (95% CI: 3.5, 42.3, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Older persons with osteoporosis and periodontitis have an increased risk for hip/hand fractures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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25.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • Tannerella forsythia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in subgingival bacterial samples from parous women.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 79:3, s. 508-516
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Information on the subgingival microbiota in parous women is limited. The present study assessed 74 bacterial species at periodontal sites.METHODS: Subgingival bacterial plaque was collected from women > or =6 months after delivery. Bacteria were assessed by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Gingivitis was defined as > or =20% of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontitis was defined as radiographic evidence of bone loss and probing depths > or =5.0 mm.RESULTS: A total of 197 women (mean age: 29.4 +/- 6.8 years; range: 18 to 46 years) were included in the study. Gingivitis was identified in 82 of 138 subjects without evidence of periodontitis (59.4%). Periodontitis was found in 59 women (32%). Higher bacterial levels in subjects with gingivitis compared to those without evidence of gingivitis were observed for Actinomyces neuii, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Corynebacterium pseudogenitalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella bivia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P <0.001 for each). Higher bacterial levels in subjects with periodontitis compared to those without periodontitis (BOP not accounted for) were found for 32 of 79 species (P <0.001) including Lactobacillus iners, Haemophilus influenzae, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Prevotella bivia, P. aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Binary univariate logistic regression analysis identified that P. aeruginosa (P <0.001) and T. forsythia (P <0.05) were independently predictive of periodontal status. The odds ratio of having P. aeruginosa at levels > or =1 x 10(5) in the sample and periodontitis was 3.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.6 to 5.9; P <0.001).CONCLUSION: In addition to P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, a diverse microbiota, including P. aeruginosa, P. endodontalis, P. bivia, and S. aureus, can be found in subgingival plaque samples from women of child-bearing age with periodontitis.
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26.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of a low-frequency chlorhexidine rinsing schedule on the subgingival microbiota (the TEETH clinical trial).
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 78:9, s. 1751-1758
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Information on the efficacy of chlorhexidine (CHX) rinsing on the subgingival microbiota is limited. This study tested if intermittent CHX rinsing over 5 years had an impact on the subgingival microbiota.METHODS: Subgingival plaque samples were analyzed by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method in a double-blind randomized CHX rinse study.RESULTS: A total of 210 subjects were included. The mean age of the subjects was 71.7 (+/- 4.1) years, and 56.2% were women. Evidence of alveolar bone loss was found in 39% of subjects. Bacterial loads were not correlated significantly with probing depth. At year 5, subjects in the CHX rinse group with no evidence of bone loss presented with lower total bacterial counts than control subjects with no bone loss. The levels of the following bacteria were significantly lower in the CHX group: Lactobacillus acidophilus (P <0.05), Eikenella corrodens (P <0.05), Fusobacterium nucleatum sp. nucleatum (P <0.01), Treponema denticola (P <0.05), Leptotrichia buccalis (P <0.05), and Eubacterium saburreum (P <0.05). No differences in bacterial loads were found between CHX and control rinse subjects with alveolar bone loss.CONCLUSIONS: Older subjects with or without periodontitis carry a large variety of bacteria associated with periodontitis. Intermittent rinsing with CHX may provide a preventive benefit in reducing levels of bacteria but only in subjects without alveolar bone loss.
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27.
  • Persson, G. Rutger, et al. (författare)
  • The vaginal microflora in relation to gingivitis
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: BMC infectious diseases. - 1471-2334. ; 9, s. 6-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Gingivitis has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcome (APO). Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been associated with APO. We assessed if bacterial counts in BV is associated with gingivitis suggesting a systemic infectious susceptibilty.METHODS: Vaginal samples were collected from 180 women (mean age 29.4 years, SD +/- 6.8, range: 18 to 46), and at least six months after delivery, and assessed by semi-quantitative DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization assay (74 bacterial species). BV was defined by Gram stain (Nugent criteria). Gingivitis was defined as bleeding on probing at >or= 20% of tooth sites.RESULTS: A Nugent score of 0-3 (normal vaginal microflora) was found in 83 women (46.1%), and a score of > 7 (BV) in 49 women (27.2%). Gingivitis was diagnosed in 114 women (63.3%). Women with a diagnosis of BV were more likely to have gingivitis (p = 0.01). Independent of gingival conditions, vaginal bacterial counts were higher (p < 0.001) for 38/74 species in BV+ in comparison to BV- women. Counts of four lactobacilli species were higher in BV- women (p < 0.001). Independent of BV diagnosis, women with gingivitis had higher counts of Prevotella bivia (p < 0.001), and Prevotella disiens (p < 0.001). P. bivia, P. disiens, M. curtisii and M. mulieris (all at the p < 0.01 level) were found at higher levels in the BV+/G+ group than in the BV+/G- group. The sum of bacterial load (74 species) was higher in the BV+/G+ group than in the BV+/G- group (p < 0.05). The highest odds ratio for the presence of bacteria in vaginal samples (> 1.0 x 104 cells) and a diagnosis of gingivitis was 3.9 for P. bivia (95% CI 1.5-5.7, p < 0.001) and 3.6 for P. disiens (95%CI: 1.8-7.5, p < 0.001), and a diagnosis of BV for P. bivia (odds ratio: 5.3, 95%CI: 2.6 to 10.4, p < 0.001) and P. disiens (odds ratio: 4.4, 95% CI: 2.2 to 8.8, p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Higher vaginal bacterial counts can be found in women with BV and gingivitis in comparison to women with BV but not gingivitis. P. bivia and P. disiens may be of specific significance in a relationship between vaginal and gingival infections.
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28.
  • Persson, Rigmor E, et al. (författare)
  • Smoking, a weak predictor of periodontitis in older adults.
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 32:5, s. 512-517
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: The impact of smoking habits on periodontal conditions in older subjects is poorly studied.AIMS: To assess if a history of smoking is associated with chronic periodontitis and medical history in older subjects.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical and dental history was collected from 1084 subjects 60-75 years of age. Smoking history information was obtained from self-reports. Periodontal variables [clinical probing depth (PD)>/=5.0 mm, clinical attachment levels (CALs) >/=4.0 mm], and radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss were assessed.RESULTS: 60.5% had never smoked (NS), 32.0% were former smokers (FS) (mean smoke years: 26.1 years, SD+/-13.1), and 7.5% were current smokers (CS) (mean smoke years 38.0 years, (SD+/-12.1). The proportional distribution of CAL >/=4.0 mm differed significantly by smoking status (NS and CS groups) (mean difference: 12.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-22.6, p<0.02). The Mantel-Haenszel common odds ratio between smoking status (CS+FS) and periodontitis (>20% bone loss) was 1.3 (p<0.09, 95% CI: 0.9-2.0) and changed to 1.8 (p<0.02, 95% CI: 1.3-2.7) with 30 years of smoking as cutoff. A weak correlation between number of years of smoking and CAL>/=4.0 mm was demonstrated (r(2) values 0.05 and 0.07) for FS and CS, respectively. Binary logistic forward (Wald) regression analysis demonstrated that the evidence of carotid calcification, current smoking status, gender (male), and the number of remaining teeth were explanatory to alveolar bone loss.CONCLUSIONS: A clinically significant impact on periodontal conditions may require 30 years of smoking or more. Tooth loss, radiographic evidence of carotid calcification, current smoking status, and male gender can predictably be associated with alveolar bone loss in older subjects.
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29.
  • Pradhan-Palikhe, Pratikshya, et al. (författare)
  • Subgingival bacterial burden in relation to clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - 1943-3670. ; 84:12, s. 1809-1817
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study characterizes the association between subgingival bacterial profile and periodontal parameters in patients assigned to coronary angiography because of cardiologic problems, which may affect the oral microbiota.METHODS: Pooled subgingival bacterial samples were collected from 477 dentate individuals during the oral examinations, along with periodontal probing depth (PD) and assessments of bleeding on probing (BOP) and radiographic alveolar bone loss (ABL). The checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assay was used to determine the levels of 29 oral bacteria, which were divided into three bacterial complexes.RESULTS: All bacterial combinations from the etiologic bacterial group and each species from the red complex were significantly associated (P <0.001) with grade of ABL. The prevalence of the etiologic bacterial group and the level of each species were also associated strongly with the proportion of sites with PD 4 to 5 mm and ≥ 6 mm, BOP, and ABL, except Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Levels of Gram-negative oral bacteria correlated significantly with those of Gram-positive species (r = 0.840, P <0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, the prevalence of the etiologic bacterial group, levels of Gram-negative bacteria and Treponema denticola, and the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and T. denticola associated significantly with ABL, whereas other bacterial complexes and levels of Gram-positive species did not.CONCLUSIONS: Although levels of Gram-negative and -positive species paralleled periodontal parameters, only the species considered etiologic were associated with ABL.
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30.
  • Ravon, Nicolas A, et al. (författare)
  • Signs of carotid calcification from dental panoramic radiographs are in agreement with Doppler sonography results.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 30:12, s. 1084-1090
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Duplex ultrasonography (DS) is a frequently used noninvasive method for assessing carotid artery stenosis. The level of agreement between panoramic radiographs (PMX) findings of radiopacities in the area of C3-C4 and DS results has not been established.AIMS: (1) to examine the level of agreement between DS results and PMX signs of carotid calcification and (2) to evaluate the association between periodontitis and DS results.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty-three subjects who had received a DS assessment at the University of Washington Medical Center within 36 months volunteered for a periodontal examination, including assessments of probing pocket depth (PPD), attachment level (PAL), evidence of bleeding on probing and bone loss from PMX. Two examiners independently analyzed the radiographs for evidence of carotid calcifications. The distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to bone level (BL) CEJ-BL was used to assess alveolar bone loss as a criteria for periodontitis.RESULTS: Twenty-nine subjects (34.9%) presented with positive DS readings. The Mantel-Haentszel common odds ratio estimate for a positive DS score and periodontitis (> 30% of teeth with distance CEJ-BL > or = 4.0 mm) was 38.4 (95% CI: 10.6-138.7, p < 0.0001). For nonsmokers only (n = 72) the odds ratio was 43.0 (95% CI: 16.7-1178.0, p < 0.0001). Evidence of bleeding on probing was 16% of sites both in the DS-positive and -negative subjects. Subjects with a positive DS result had significantly more teeth with clinical evidence of attachment loss > or = 5.0 mm (p < 0.001). The odds ratio of having periodontitis (CEJ-BL > or = 4.0 mm at > or = 30% of the teeth) and medical records confirmed diagnosis of either a stroke or an infarct or both was 7.8 (95% CI: 2.6-23.8, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with positive DS readings of the carotid arteries due to calcified arterial plaque are accurately detected by means of conventional PMX. The likelihood of being DS positive and having radiographic evidence of periodontitis is high. A dose-response relationship between the extent of carotid calcification and severity of periodontitis was demonstrated, supporting the hypothesis of an association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases.
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31.
  • Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • A history of frequent dental care reduces the risk of tooth loss but not periodontitis in older subjects
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 35:2, s. 69-76
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: Information on the significance of dental care in older adults is limited. We hypothesized that regular dental visits has an effect on the number of remaining teeth and periodontal conditions in older subjects. Materials and Methods: 1020 randomly selected individuals age 60 - 96 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care Blekinge received a comprehensive oral health examination. Results: Dentate women and men had, on average 18.4 teeth (SD +7.6,) and 18.9 teeth (SD + 7.5) respectively (NS). In the youngest group (60 and 66 years old) with less than one dental visit per year, 37 % had >20 teeth, compared with 73 % among those with at least annual visits. Among the old-old, comparable figures were 1.8 % and 37% respectively. Across age groups, bleeding on probing was 23 %. When adjusting for age, and number of teeth GLM univariate analysis failed to demonstrate an effect of dental visit frequency on alveolar bone loss (p = 0.18), the number of periapical lesions (p = 0.65), or the number of endodontically treated teeth ( p = 0.41). Frequent dental visitors had more teeth than infrequent visitors (p = 0.001). Conclusions:Tooth loss and alveolar bone loss severity increase with age. Individuals with regular dental visits retained more teeth but the frequency of dental visits had no impact on plaque deposits, gingival inflammation, or alveolar bone levels.
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32.
  • Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Access to dental care reduces the risk of tooth loss in older subjects
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Europerio 6. ; , s. 149-
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The significance of access to dental care on oral conditions in older subjects is limited. We hypothesized that dental care control for aging effects on oral and periodontal conditions. Materials and methods: 1020 randomly selected subjects between age 60 and 96 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care Blekinge study received comprehensive medical and dental examinations. Results: Dentate women and men had, on average,18.4 teeth (S.D. ± 7.6), and 18.9 teeth (S.D.±7.5) (P = 0.37) respectively. In the youngest age group with infrequent dental visits 37% had > 20 teeth, and 73% had > 20 teeth if they had annual visits. Among old-old infrequent dental visitors 1.8% had > 20 teeth and 37% had > 20 teeth with annual visits. Across age groups, the overall % bleeding on probing was 23%. When adjusting for age, GLM univariate analysis failed to demonstrate an effect of frequency of dental visits and ABL scores (P = 0.18) but frequent dental visitors had significantly more teeth than infrequent visitors (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Tooth loss and extent of alveolar bone loss increase with age. Frequent dental visits seem to preserve teeth but has no impact on the amounts of deposits, gingival inflammation, or alveolar bone levels.
  •  
33.
  • Renvert, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Access to dental care reduces the risk of tooth loss in older subjects
  • 2009
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: The significance of access to dental care on oral conditions in older subjects is limited. We hypothesized that dental care control for aging effects on oral and periodontal conditions. Materials and methods: 1020 randomly selected subjects between age 60 and 96 from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care Blekinge study received comprehensive medical and dental examinations. Results: Dentate women and men had, on average,18.4 teeth (S.D. ± 7.6), and 18.9 teeth (S.D.±7.5) (P = 0.37) respectively. In the youngest age group with infrequent dental visits 37% had > 20 teeth, and 73% had > 20 teeth if they had annual visits. Among old-old infrequent dental visitors 1.8% had > 20 teeth and 37% had > 20 teeth with annual visits. Across age groups, the overall % bleeding on probing was 23%. When adjusting for age, GLM univariate analysis failed to demonstrate an effect of frequency of dental visits and ABL scores (P = 0.18) but frequent dental visitors had significantly more teeth than infrequent visitors (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Tooth loss and extent of alveolar bone loss increase with age. Frequent dental visits seem to preserve teeth but has no impact on the amounts of deposits, gingival inflammation, or alveolar bone levels.
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34.
  • Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Analysis of periodontal risk profiles in adults with or without a history of myocardial infarction
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 31:1, s. 19-24
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: An association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been suggested.AIMS: To study whether a combination of clinical variables in a functional risk diagram enhanced the ability to differentiate between subjects with or without an immediate history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).MATERIAL AND METHODS: A functional periodontal pentagon risk diagram (PPRD) with five periodontal risk vectors was created. The surface of individual PPRDs was calculated using data from 88 subjects with recent AMI and 80 matched control subjects with no history of AMI.RESULTS: Age, gender, number of remaining teeth (mean value: 21.1 versus 21.6 teeth), smoking status, and pocket probing depth (PPD) distribution did not differ by group. Gingival recession was greater in control subjects (mean difference: 5.7, SD: +/- 1.9, p<0.01, 95% CI: 1.8-9.6). Bone loss > or = 4.0 mm was at all levels studied was significantly greater in subjects with AMI and bone loss > or = 50% (> or = 4 mm) was the best individual predictor of AMI (beta = 2.99, p < 0.000, 95% CI: 7.5-53.4). Only PPRD scores were associated with AMI status when factors not included in the PPRD were studied (beta = 22.1, SE: 5.9, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 10.3-33.7). The best association between AMI status and study variables was the combination of > or = 4 mm of bone loss > or = 50%, proportion of bleeding on probing (%BOP), %PPDs > or = 6 mm, and tooth loss (Nagelkirke r2 = 0.46).CONCLUSIONS: The combination of five periodontal parameters in a PPRD added predictive value, suggesting that comprehensive data should be used in studies of associations between periodontitis and heart diseases. Radiographic evidence of bone loss was the best individual parameter.
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35.
  • Renvert, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Analysis of periodontal risk profiles in adults with or without a history of myocardial infarction
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 31:1, s. 19-24
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: An association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases has been suggested. AIMS: To study whether a combination of clinical variables in a functional risk diagram enhanced the ability to differentiate between subjects with or without an immediate history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A functional periodontal pentagon risk diagram (PPRD) with five periodontal risk vectors was created. The surface of individual PPRDs was calculated using data from 88 subjects with recent AMI and 80 matched control subjects with no history of AMI. RESULTS: Age, gender, number of remaining teeth (mean value: 21.1 versus 21.6 teeth), smoking status, and pocket probing depth (PPD) distribution did not differ by group. Gingival recession was greater in control subjects (mean difference: 5.7, SD: +/- 1.9, p<0.01, 95% CI: 1.8-9.6). Bone loss > or = 4.0 mm was at all levels studied was significantly greater in subjects with AMI and bone loss > or = 50% (> or = 4 mm) was the best individual predictor of AMI (beta = 2.99, p < 0.000, 95% CI: 7.5-53.4). Only PPRD scores were associated with AMI status when factors not included in the PPRD were studied (beta = 22.1, SE: 5.9, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 10.3-33.7). The best association between AMI status and study variables was the combination of > or = 4 mm of bone loss > or = 50%, proportion of bleeding on probing (%BOP), %PPDs > or = 6 mm, and tooth loss (Nagelkirke r2 = 0.46). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of five periodontal parameters in a PPRD added predictive value, suggesting that comprehensive data should be used in studies of associations between periodontitis and heart diseases. Radiographic evidence of bone loss was the best individual parameter.
  •  
36.
  • Renvert, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Heel DXA T-scores and panoramic radiographs in the prediction of hip and hand fractures
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Europerio 6. ; , s. 9-
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: We assessed if DXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) and panoramic radiographs were predictive of hip and or hand fractures over 3 years in older subjects. Methods: DXA heel measurements and mandibular panoramic bone scores (MPBS) from panoramic radiographs were performed in 418 women (mean age: 77.5 years, S.D ± 9.3 and 370 men (mean age: 76.4, S.D ± 9.5). Results: 4.5% subjects (34/788) had a hip and 3.7% (27/788) a hand fracture. A DXA T -score < - 2.5 (osteoporosis) in women and men was found in 16.3% and 8.1% respectively. Subjects with osteoporosis had fewer remaining teeth (mean diff: 4.4, 95% CI: 2.3–6.5, P < 0.001). A DXA T-score < -2.5 was predictive of a hip or hand fracture odds ratio 2.6:1(95%CI: 1.3-5.3, P < = 0.008). The odds ratio (OR) that a MPBS = 1 agreed with a DXA T-score <- 2.5 was 5.4:1 (95% CI: 2.6 – 11.4.2, P <0.001; Cochran c2 = 36.5, P < 0.001). The MPBS score = 1 had an OR of 3.3:1 (95%CI: 1.9–5.9, P < 0.001) in fracture prediction. Conclusions: The MPBS scores were consistent with the DXA T scores. Both methods have similar predictive value in assessing risk for future hip and hand fractures in older subjects. Subjects with osteoporosis had fewer remaining teeth.
  •  
37.
  • Renvert, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Heel DXA T-scores and panoramic radiographs in the prediction of hip and hand fractures
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : wiley.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Introduction: We assessed if DXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) and panoramic radiographs were predictive of hip and or hand fractures over 3 years in older subjects. Methods: DXA heel measurements and mandibular panoramic bone scores (MPBS) from panoramic radiographs were performed in 418 women (mean age: 77.5 years, S.D ± 9.3 and 370 men (mean age: 76.4, S.D ± 9.5). Results: 4.5% subjects (34/788) had a hip and 3.7% (27/788) a hand fracture. A DXA T -score < - 2.5 (osteoporosis) in women and men was found in 16.3% and 8.1% respectively. Subjects with osteoporosis had fewer remaining teeth (mean diff: 4.4, 95% CI: 2.3–6.5, P < 0.001). A DXA T-score < -2.5 was predictive of a hip or hand fracture odds ratio 2.6:1(95%CI: 1.3-5.3, P < = 0.008). The odds ratio (OR) that a MPBS = 1 agreed with a DXA T-score <- 2.5 was 5.4:1 (95% CI: 2.6 – 11.4.2, P <0.001; Cochran c2 = 36.5, P < 0.001). The MPBS score = 1 had an OR of 3.3:1 (95%CI: 1.9–5.9, P < 0.001) in fracture prediction. Conclusions: The MPBS scores were consistent with the DXA T scores. Both methods have similar predictive value in assessing risk for future hip and hand fractures in older subjects. Subjects with osteoporosis had fewer remaining teeth.
  •  
38.
  • Renvert, Stefan, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Osteoporosis and periodontitis in older subjects participating in the Swedish National Survey on Aging and Care (SNAC-Blekinge)
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 69:4, s. 201-207
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective. We assessed the relationships between (I) ultrasonography calcaneus T-scores (PIXI) and mandibular cortex characteristics on oral panoramic radiographs in older subjects; and (II) osteoporosis and periodontitis. Material and methods. We examined 778 subjects (53% women) aged 59-96 years. Periodontitis was defined by alveolar bone loss assessed from panoramic radiographs. Results. PIXI calcaneus T-values <=-2.5 (osteoporosis) were found in 16.3% of women and in 8.1% of men. PIXI calcaneus T-values <-1.6 (osteoporosis, adjusted) were found in 34.2% of women and in 21.4% of men. The age of the subjects and PIXI T-values were significantly correlated in women (Pearson's r = 0.37, P < 0.001) and men (Pearson's r = 0.19, P < 0.001). Periodontitis was found in 18.7% of subjects defined by alveolar bone level >= 5 mm. Subjects with osteoporosis defined by adjusted PIXI T-values had fewer remaining teeth [mean difference 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.1 to -6.5, P < 0.001]. The crude odds ratio (OR) of an association between the panoramic assessment of mandibular cortex erosions as a sign of osteoporosis and the adjusted T-value (T-value cut-off <-1.6) was 4.8 (95% CI 3.1-7.2, P < 0.001; Pearson chi(2) = 60.1, P < 0.001). A significant OR between osteoporosis and periodontitis was only found in women for the T-value cut-off <=-2.5 (crude OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.3, P < 0.03). Conclusions. An association between osteoporosis and periodontitis was only confirmed in women. The likelihood that the mandibular cortex index agrees with adjusted PIXI T-values is significant.
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39.
  • Renvert, Stefan, et al. (författare)
  • Tooth loss and periodontitis in older individuals : results from the Swedish national study on aging and care.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : American Academy of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 84:8, s. 1134-1144
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Due to the increasing number of older people, there is a need for studies focused on this population. The aims of the present study are to assess oral and systemic conditions in individuals aged 60 to 95 years with access to dental insurance. Methods: Probing depths (PDs), tooth loss, alveolar bone levels, and systemic health were studied among a representative cohort of older individuals. Results: A total of 1,147 individuals in young-old (aged 60 or 67 years), old (aged 72 or 78 years), and old-old (aged ≥81 years) age groups were enrolled, including 200 individuals who were edentulous, in this study. Annual dental care was received by 82% of dentate individuals. Systemic diseases were common (diabetes: 5.8%; cardiovascular diseases: 20.7%; obesity: 71.2%; elevated C-reactive protein [CRP]: 98.4%). Serum CRP values were unrelated to periodontal conditions. Rates of periodontitis, defined as ≥30% of sites with a distance from cemento-enamel junction to bone of ≥5 mm, were 11.2% in women in the young-old age group and 44.9% in men in the old-old age group. Individuals in older age groups had a higher likelihood of periodontitis defined by bone loss and cutoff levels of PD ≥5 mm (odds ratio: 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 2.5; P <0.01). A total of 7% of individuals in the old-old age group had ≥20 teeth and no periodontitis. Systemic diseases, dental use, or smoking were not explanatory, whereas age and sex were explanatory for periodontitis. Conclusions: The prevalence of periodontitis increased with age. Sex seems to be the dominant explanatory factor for periodontitis in older individuals. Despite frequent dental visits, overall oral health in the oldest age cohort was poor.
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40.
  • Swoboda, Jessica, et al. (författare)
  • Predictors of oral health quality of life in older adults.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry. - 0275-1879. ; 26:4, s. 137-144
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • There is limited information regarding oral health status and other predictors of oral health-related quality of life. An association between oral health status and perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL) might help clinicians motivate patients to prevent oral diseases and improve the outcome of some dental public health programs. This study evaluated the relationship between older persons' OHQOL and their functional dentition, caries, periodontal status, chronic diseases, and some demographic characteristics. A group of 733 low-income elders (mean age 72.7 [SD = 4.71, 55.6% women, 55.1% members of ethnic minority groups in the U.S. and Canada) enrolled in the TEETH clinical trial were interviewed and examined as part of their fifth annual visit for the trial. OHQOL was measured by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); oral health and occlusal status by clinical exams and the Eichner Index; and demographics via interviews. Elders who completed the four-year assessment had an average of 21.5 teeth (SD = 6.9), with 8.5 occluding pairs (SD = 4.6), and 32% with occlusal contacts in all four occluding zones. Stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to predict total GOHAI and its subscores (Physical, Social, and Worry). Functional dentition was a less significant predictor than ethnicity and being foreign-born. These variables, together with gender, years since immigrating, number of carious roots, and periodontal status, could predict 32% of the variance in total GOHAI, 24% in Physical, 27% in Social, and 21% in the Worry subscales. These findings suggest that functional dentition and caries influence older adults' OHQOL, but that ethnicity and immigrant status play a larger role.
  •  
41.
  • Zeigler, Cecilia C, et al. (författare)
  • Microbiota in the oral subgingival biofilm is associated with obesity in adolescence.
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - 1930-739X. ; 20:1, s. 157-164
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To test the hypothesis whether microbiota in oral biofilm is linked with obesity in adolescents we designed this cross-sectional study. Obese adolescents (n = 29) with a mean age of 14.7 years and normal weight subjects (n = 58) matched by age and gender were examined with respect to visible plaque index (VPI%) and gingival inflammation (bleeding on probing (BOP%)). Stimulated saliva was collected. They answered a questionnaire concerning medical history, medication, oral hygiene habits, smoking habits, and sociodemographic background. Microbiological samples taken from the gingival crevice was analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. The sum of bacterial cells in subgingival biofilm was significantly associated with obesity (P < 0.001). The link between sum of bacterial cells and obesity was not confounded by any of the studied variables (chronic disease, medication, VPI%, BOP%, flow rate of whole saliva, or meal frequency). Totally 23 bacterial species were present in approximately threefold higher amounts, on average, in obese subjects compared with normal weight controls. Of the Proteobacteria phylum, Campylobacter rectus and Neisseria mucosa were present in sixfold higher amounts among obese subjects. The association between obesity and sum of bacterial cells in oral subgingival biofilm indicates a possible link between oral microbiota and obesity in adolescents.
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42.
  • Ademovski, Seida Erovic, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis : a case series
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 43:5, s. 445-452
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on intra-oral halitosis 3 months after therapy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-eight adults with intra-oral halitosis were included in a case series. Intra-oral halitosis was evaluated at baseline, and at 3 months after treatment using the organoleptic scores (OLS), Halimeter® , and a gas chromatograph.RESULTS: Significant reductions for OLS (p < 0.01), total sum of volatile sulphur compounds (T-VSC) (p < 0.01) and methyl mercaptan (MM) (p < 0.05) values were found after treatment. Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) levels were not significantly reduced. The numbers of probing pockets 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm were significantly reduced as a result of therapy (p < 0.001). Bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque indices were also significantly reduced (p < 0.001). For the 34 individuals with successful periodontal treatment (BOP<20% and a ≥50% reduction of total pocket depth) reductions in OLS (p < 0.01) and T-VSC scores (p < 0.01) were found. Eleven individuals were considered effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis presenting with a T-VSC value <160 ppb, a H2 S value <112 ppb and a MM value <26 ppb.CONCLUSION: Non-surgical periodontal therapy resulted in reduction of OLS, MM and T-VSC values 3 months after therapy. Few individuals were considered as effectively treated for intra-oral halitosis.
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43.
  • Adriaens, Laurence M, et al. (författare)
  • Does pregnancy have an impact on the subgingival microbiota?
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 80:1, s. 72-81
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: We investigated clinical and subgingival microbiologic changes during pregnancy in 20 consecutive pregnant women > or =18 years not receiving dental care.METHODS: Bacterial samples from weeks 12, 28, and 36 of pregnancy and at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum were processed for 37 species by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Clinical periodontal data were collected at week 12 and at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum, and bleeding on probing (BOP) was recorded at sites sampled at the four time points.RESULTS: The mean BOP at week 12 and postpartum was 40.1% +/- 18.2% and 27.4% +/- 12.5%, respectively. The corresponding mean BOP at microbiologic test sites was 15% (week 12) and 21% (postpartum; not statistically significant). Total bacterial counts decreased between week 12 and postpartum (P <0.01). Increased bacterial counts over time were found for Neisseria mucosa (P <0.001). Lower counts (P <0.001) were found for Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Eubacterium saburreum, Fusobacterium nucleatum naviforme, Fusobacterium nucleatum polymorphum, Leptotrichia buccalis, Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros), Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella melaninogenica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Selenomonas noxia, and Veillonella parvula. No changes occurred between weeks 12 and 28 of pregnancy. Counts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), and Treponema denticola did not change. Counts of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia at week 12 were associated with gingivitis (P <0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Subgingival levels of bacteria associated with periodontitis did not change. P. gingivalis and T. forsythia counts were associated with BOP at week 12. A decrease was found in 17 of 37 species from week 12 to postpartum. Only counts of N. mucosa increased.
  •  
44.
  • Agerbaek, Mette R, et al. (författare)
  • Comparisons of bacterial patterns present at implant and tooth sites in subjects on supportive periodontal therapy. I. Impact of clinical variables, gender and smoking.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 17:1, s. 18-24
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: (I) To compare the oral microflora at implant and tooth sites in subjects participating in a periodontal recall program, (II) to test whether the microflora at implant and tooth sites differ as an effect of gingival bleeding (bleeding on probing (BOP)), or pocket probing depth (PPD), and (III) to test whether smoking and gender had an impact on the microflora.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected from 127 implants and all teeth in 56 subjects. Microbiological data were identified by the DNA-DNA checkerboard hybridization.RESULTS: PPD> or =4 mm were found in 16.9% of tooth, and at 26.6% of implant sites (P<0.01). Tooth sites with PPD> or =4 mm had a 3.1-fold higher bacterial load than implant sites (mean difference: 66%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 40.7-91.3, P<0.001). No differences were found for the red, orange, green, and yellow complexes. A higher total bacterial load was found at implant sites with PPD> or =4 mm (mean difference 35.7 x 10(5), 95% CI: 5.2 (10(5)) to 66.1 (10(5)), P<0.02 with equal variance not assumed). At implant sites, BOP had no impact on bacterial load but influenced the load at tooth sites (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: BOP, and smoking had no impact on bacteria at implant sites but influenced the bacterial load at tooth sites. Tooth sites harbored more bacteria than implant sites with comparable PPD. The 4 mm PPD cutoff level influenced the distribution and amounts of bacterial loads. The subject factor is explanatory to bacterial load at both tooth and implant sites.
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45.
  • Agerbaek, Mette R, et al. (författare)
  • Microbiological composition associated with interleukin-1 gene polymorphism in subjects undergoing supportive periodontal therapy.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 77:8, s. 1397-1402
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Interleukin-1 gene polymorphism (IL-1 gene) has been associated with periodontitis. The present study examined the subgingival microbiota by IL-1 gene status in subjects undergoing supportive periodontal therapy (SPT).METHODS: A total of 151 subjects with known IL-1 gene status (IL-1A +4845/IL-1B -3954) (IL-1 gene) were included in this study. Clinical data and subgingival plaque samples (40 taxa) were collected. These taxa were determined by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method.RESULTS: Gender, smoking habits (n-par tests), age, and clinical periodontal conditions did not differ by IL-1 gene status. IL-1 gene-negative subjects had a higher total bacterial load (mean difference, 480.4 x 10(5); 95% confidence interval [CI], 77 to 884 x 10(5); P <0.02). The levels of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (mean difference, 30.7 x 10(5); 95% CI, 2.2 to 59.5 x 10(5); P <0.05), Eubacterium nodatum (mean difference, 4.2 x 10(5); 95% CI, 0.6 to 7.8 x 10(5); P <0.02), Porphyromonas gingivalis (mean difference, 17.9 x 10(5); 95% CI, 1.2 to 34.5 x 10(5); P <0.05), and Streptococcus anginosus (mean difference, 4.0 x 10(5); 95% CI, 0.2 to 7.2 x 10(5); P <0.05) were higher in IL-1 gene-negative subjects, an observation specifically found at sites with probing depths <5.0 mm.CONCLUSIONS: Bleeding on probing did not differ by IL gene status, reflecting clinical SPT efficacy. IL-1 gene-negative subjects had higher levels of periodontal pathogens. This may suggest that among subjects undergoing SPT, a lower bacterial load is required in IL-1 gene-positive subjects to develop the same level of periodontitis as in IL-1 gene-negative subjects.
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46.
  • Aghazadeh, Ahmad, et al. (författare)
  • A single-center randomized controlled clinical trial on the adjunct treatment of intra-bony defects with autogenous bone or a xenograft : results after 12 months
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:7, s. 666-673
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Limited evidence exists on the efficacy of regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis Materials and methods Subjects receiving antibiotics and surgical debridement were randomly assigned to placement of autogenous bone (AB) or bovine derived xenograft (BDX) with placement of a collagen membrane. The primary outcome was: evidence of radiographic bone fill and the secondary outcomes included reductions of probing depth (PD) bleeding on probing (BOP) and suppuration. Results 22 subjects were included in the AB and 23 subjects in the BDX group. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate differences for 38/39 variables assessed at baseline. At 12 months, significant better results were obtained in the BDX group for bone levels (p < 0.001), BOP (p = 0.004), PI (p = 0.003), and suppuration (p < 0.01). When adjusting for number of implants treated per subject, a successful treatment outcome PD≤ 5.0 mm, no pus, no bone loss and BOP at 1/4 sites the likelihood of defect fill was higher in the BDX group (LR: 3.2, 95 % CI: 1.0 to 10.6, p < 0.05). Conclusions Bovine xenograft provided more radiographic bone fill than autogenous bone. The success for both surgical regenerative procedures was limited. Decreases in PD, BOP, and suppuration were observed.
  •  
47.
  • Aghazadeh, Ahmad, et al. (författare)
  • A single-centre randomized controlled clinical trial on the adjunct treatment of intra-bony defects with autogenous bone or a xenograft : results after 12 months
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley Blackwell. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 39:7, s. 666-673
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Limited evidence exists on the efficacy of regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis. Material and Methods Subjects receiving antibiotics and surgical debridement were randomly assigned to placement of autogenous bone (AB) or bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) and with placement of a collagen membrane. The primary outcome was evidence of radiographic bone fill and the secondary outcomes included reductions of probing depth (PD) bleeding on probing (BOP) and suppuration. Results Twenty-two subjects were included in the AB and 23 subjects in the BDX group. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate differences for 38/39 variables assessed at baseline. At 12 months, significant better results were obtained in the BDX group for bone levels (p < 0.001), BOP (p = 0.004), PI (p = 0.003) and suppuration (p < 0.01). When adjusting for number of implants treated per subject, a successful treatment outcome PD = 5.0 mm, no pus, no bone loss and BOP at 1/4 or less sites the likelihood of defect fill was higher in the BDX group (LR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.010.6, p < 0.05). Conclusions Bovine xenograft provided more radiographic bone fill than AB. The success for both surgical regenerative procedures was limited. Decreases in PD, BOP, and suppuration were observed.
  •  
48.
  • Aghazadeh, Ahmad, et al. (författare)
  • Impact of bone defect morphology on the outcome of reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Implant Dentistry. - : Springer. - 2198-4034. ; 6:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To assess if (I) the alveolar bone defect configuration at dental implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis is related to clinical parameters at the time of surgical intervention and if (II) the outcome of surgical intervention of peri-implantitis is dependent on defect configuration at the time of treatment.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, 45 individuals and 74 dental implants with ≥ 2 bone wall defects were treated with either an autogenous bone transplant or an exogenous bone augmentation material. Defect fill was assessed at 1 year.RESULTS: At baseline, no significant study group differences were identified. Most study implants (70.7%, n = 53) had been placed in the maxilla. Few implants were placed in molar regions. The mesial and distal crestal width at surgery was greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.001). Probing depths were also greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.01). Defect fill was correlated to initial defect depth (p < 0.001). Defect fill at 4-wall defects was significant (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: (I) The buccal-lingual width of the alveolar bone crest was explanatory to defect configuration, (II) 4-wall defects demonstrated more defect fill, and (III) deeper defects resulted in more defect fill.
  •  
49.
  • Aghazadeh, Ahmad, et al. (författare)
  • Reconstructive treatment of peri-implant defects - Results after three and five years
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 33:11, s. 1114-1124
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the long-term efficacy of reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis intraosseous defects. Material and Methods Peri-implant intraosseous defects were augmented using either an autogenous bone graft (AB) or a bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) in combination with a collagen membrane. Maintenance was provided every third month. Results In the AB group, 16 patients with 25 implants remained at year five. In the BDX group, 23 patients with 38 implants remained. Between baseline and year 5, bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) scores were reduced in both groups (p < .001). In the AB and BDX groups, mean PPD between baseline and year five was reduced by 1.7 and 2.8 mm, respectively. The difference between groups was significant (p < .001). In the AB group, the mean bone level change at implant level between baseline and years three and five was-0,2 and -0.7 mm, respectively. In the BDX group, the mean bone level change at implant level between baseline and years three and five was 1.6 and 1.6 mm, respectively. The difference between the groups was significant (p < .001). Successful treatment (no bone loss, no probing pocket depth (PPD) > 5 mm, no suppuration, maximum one implant surface with bleeding on probing (BOP) at year five) was obtained in 9/25 implants (36%) in the AB group and in 29/37 implants (78.3%) in the BDX group. Conclusions Reconstructive surgical treatment of peri-implant defects using BDX resulted in more predictable outcomes than using autogenous bone over 5 years.
  •  
50.
  • Akimoto, K, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of titanium implants placed into simulated extraction sockets : a study in dogs
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 14:3, s. 351-360
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gap width on bone healing around implants placed into simulated extraction socket defects of varying widths in 10 mongrel dogs. All premolars were removed and the alveolar ridges were reduced to a width of 7 mm. Nine weeks later, a total of 80 implants, 10 mm long by 3.3 mm wide, were placed into osteotomy sites prepared to 3 different diameters in the coronal half, simulating extraction sockets. Three experimental sites, with gap sizes of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.4 mm, were created; the control sites had no gap. The depth of each defect was measured at the time of implant placement. All implants were stable at the time of placement. The dogs were euthanized 12 weeks after implant placement, and blocks containing the implants and adjacent bone were submitted for histologic evaluation. Clinically, all control and test sites healed, with complete bone fill in the defect. Percentages of bone-to-implant contact were measured histologically. As the gap widened, the amount of bone-to-implant contact decreased, and the point of the highest bone-to-implant contact shifted apically. These changes were statistically significant (P < .001). No statistically significant differences in bone-to-implant contact were found between the sites when the apical 4 mm of implants were compared. Within the limits of this study, the simulated extraction socket defects healed clinically, with complete bone fill, regardless of the initial gap size. However, the width of the gap at the time of implant placement had a significant impact on the histologic percentage and the height of bone-to-implant contact.
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