| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Ahmad, Irma, et al.
(författare)
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High prevalence of persistent symptoms and reduced health-related quality of life 6 months after COVID-19
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The long-term sequelae after COVID-19 constitute a challenge to public health and increased knowledge is needed. We investigated the prevalence of self-reported persistent symptoms and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in relation to functional exercise capacity, 6 months after infection, and explored risk factors for COVID-19 sequalae.METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter, cohort study including 434 patients. At 6 months, physical exercise capacity was assessed by a 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1MSTST) and persistent symptoms were reported and HRQoL was evaluated through the EuroQol 5-level 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Patients with both persistent symptoms and reduced HRQoL were classified into a new definition of post-acute COVID syndrome, PACS+. Risk factors for developing persistent symptoms, reduced HRQoL and PACS+ were identified by multivariable Poisson regression.RESULTS: Persistent symptoms were experienced by 79% of hospitalized, and 59% of non-hospitalized patients at 6 months. Hospitalized patients had a higher prevalence of self-assessed reduced overall health (28 vs. 12%) and PACS+ (31 vs. 11%). PACS+ was associated with reduced exercise capacity but not with abnormal pulse/desaturation during 1MSTST. Hospitalization was the most important independent risk factor for developing persistent symptoms, reduced overall health and PACS+.CONCLUSION: Persistent symptoms and reduced HRQoL are common among COVID-19 survivors, but abnormal pulse and peripheral saturation during exercise could not distinguish patients with PACS+. Patients with severe infection requiring hospitalization were more likely to develop PACS+, hence these patients should be prioritized for clinical follow-up after COVID-19.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about peoples preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in peoples perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Westlund, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Rätt att bo kvar : en handbok i organisering mot hyreshöjningar och gentrifiering
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det här är en handbok som skrivits för att användas praktiskt i kampen om hyresrättens framtid. Boken har växt fram ur gemensamma erfarenheter av att ta strid mot renoveringar med höga hyreshöjningar som följd. Det har gett oss både kunskaper om lokal organisering och en övertygelse om vikten av att hyresgäster ska ha rätt till att påverka framtiden i de bostadsområden de bor i. De senaste åren har vi kunnat se hur hyreslägenheter renoveras med omfattande hyreshöjningar som följd. Konsekvenserna har blivit att många hyresgäster har tvingats flytta, ibland från bostadsområden de bott i under lång tid, då de inte längre har råd att betala hyran. Om inte hyresgäster går samman och kräver sina rättigheter kommer inget förändras och flera tusentals människor tvingas flytta. Den här handboken ska användas som ett praktiskt verktyg för lokal organisering. Vi som har gjort den här boken är engagerade i olika rörelser, några av oss är också forskare med inriktning mot bostad- spolitik och stadsutveckling. Boken har tillkommit genom en kollektiv process, där många varit inblandade för att bidra med sina erfarenheter och perspektiv. En lista med alla medverkande inklusive de rörelser som står bakom den här boken finns lägst bak.
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| 10. |
- af Bjerkén, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Noradrenaline is crucial for the substantia nigra dopaminergic cell maintenance
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurochemistry International. - : Elsevier. - 0197-0186 .- 1872-9754. ; 131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Parkinson's disease, degeneration of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons is accompanied by damage on other neuronal systems. A severe denervation is for example seen in the locus coerulean noradrenergic system. Little is known about the relation between noradrenergic and dopaminergic degeneration, and the effects of noradrenergic denervation on the function of the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra are not fully understood. In this study, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4) was injected in rats, whereafter behavior, striatal KCl-evoked dopamine and glutamate releases, and immunohistochemistry were monitored at 3 days, 3 months, and 6 months. Quantification of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-immunoreactive nerve fiber density in the cortex revealed a tendency towards nerve fiber regeneration at 6 months. To sustain a stable noradrenergic denervation throughout the experimental timeline, the animals in the 6-month time point received an additional DSP4 injection (2 months after the first injection). Behavioral examinations utilizing rotarod revealed that DSP4 reduced the time spent on the rotarod at 3 but not at 6 months. KCl-evoked dopamine release was significantly increased at 3 days and 3 months, while the concentrations were normalized at 6 months. DSP4 treatment prolonged both time for onset and reuptake of dopamine release over time. The dopamine degeneration was confirmed by unbiased stereology, demonstrating significant loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia nigra. Furthermore, striatal glutamate release was decreased after DSP4. In regards of neuroinflammation, reactive microglia were found over the substantia nigra after DSP4 treatment. In conclusion, long-term noradrenergic denervation reduces the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and affects the functionality of the nigrostriatal system. Thus, locus coeruleus is important for maintenance of nigral dopaminergic neurons.
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| 11. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andersson Granberg, Tobias, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting Volunteer Travel Time to Emergencies
- 2022
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Ingår i: ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. - 9788284270999 ; , s. 44-54
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model is developed, which can predict the travel time for volunteers that are dispatched as first responders to emergencies. Specifically, the case of lay responders to out of hospital cardiac arrest is studied. Positions from historical responses is used to estimate the real response times, which are used to train and evaluate the new travel time model. The new model considers the road network and the transport mode most likely used by the volunteers. The results for the new model are compared to a model used in an existing volunteer initiative. They show that the new model can make better predictions in 59.7% of the cases. This can be used directly as a base for improving the travel time estimates in existing volunteer initiatives, and to improve the input data to the continuously evolving volunteer resource management systems.
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| 14. |
- André, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
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Streptococcal M protein: Structural studies of the hypervariable region, free and bound to human C4BP
- 2006
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 45:14, s. 4559-4568
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes several diseases, including acute tonsillitis and toxic shock syndrome. The surface-localized M protein, which is the most extensively studied virulence factor of S. pyogenes, has an similar to 50-residue N-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) that plays a key role in the escape of the host immunity. Despite the extensive sequence variability in this region, many HVRs specifically bind human C4b-binding protein (C4BP), a plasma protein that inhibits complement activation. Although the more conserved parts of M protein are known to have dimeric coiled-coil structure, it is unclear whether the HVR also is a coiled coil. Here, we use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study the conformational properties of HVRs from M4 and M22 proteins in isolation and in complex with the M protein binding portion of C4BP. We conclude that the HVRs of M4 and M22 are folded as coiled coils and that the folded nucleus of the M4 HVR has a length of similar to 27 residues. Moreover, we demonstrate that the C4BP binding surface of M4-N is found within a region of four heptad repeats. Using molecular modeling, we propose a model for the structure of the M4 HVR that is consistent with our experimental information from NMR spectroscopy.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Arvidsson, Rickard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of Biodiesel - Hydrotreated oil from rape, oil palm or Jatropha
- 2008
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Ingår i: Annual Poster Exhibition at the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Mars 6th, 2008, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a need for fuels based on renewable resources that have acceptable emission profiles and that are functional for truck engines used in heavy vehicles. Volvo has participated in the CONCAWE/EUCAR/JRC WTW study, which analyzed a number of candidate fuels, several process routes to produce each fuel as well as different raw material choices. However, the CONCAWE study did not include any second generation hydrogenated vegetable oil type biodiesel. In the present study, Volvo and Chalmers investigate and benchmark hydrogenated vegetable oils. Different production routes from different proposed raw materials are investigated using life cycle assessment modeling. Raw materials considered are oil from rape seed (grown in Germany), palm oil (grown in Malaysia) and oil from the fruits of Jatropha curcas (grown in India). The raw material is converted into hydrogenated oil at a production site in northern Europe and used at the European market. Results regarding life cycle global warming potential and energy use are presented.
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| 17. |
- Arvidsson, Rickard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of hydrotreated vegetable oil from rape, oil palm and Jatropha
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 19:2-3, s. 128-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A life cycle assessment of hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) biofuel was performed. The study wascommissioned by Volvo Technology Corporation and Volvo Penta Corporation as part of an effort to gaina better understanding of the environmental impact of potential future biobased liquid fuels for cars andtrucks. The life cycle includes production of vegetable oil from rape, oil palm or Jatropha, transport of theoil to the production site, production of the HVO from the oil, and combustion of the HVO. The functionalunit of the study is 1 kWh energy out from the engine of a heavy-duty truck and the environmentalimpact categories that are considered are global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP),eutrophication potential (EP) and embedded fossil production energy. System expansion was used totake into account byproducts from activities in the systems; this choice was made partly to make thisstudy comparable to results reported by other studies. The results show that HVO produced from palmoil combined with energy production from biogas produced from the palm oil mill effluent has thelowest environmental impact of the feedstocks investigated in this report. HVO has a significantly lowerlife cycle GWP than conventional diesel oil for all feedstocks investigated, and a GWP that is comparableto results for e.g. rape methyl ester reported in the literature. The results show that emissions from soilcaused by microbial activities and leakage are the largest contributors to most environmental impactcategories, which is supported also by other studies. Nitrous oxide emissions from soil account for morethan half of the GWP of HVO. Nitrogen oxides and ammonia emissions from soil cause almost all of thelife cycle EP of HVO and contribute significantly to the AP as well. The embedded fossil production energywas shown to be similar to results for e.g. rape methyl ester from other studies. A sensitivity analysisshows that variations in crop yield and in nitrous oxide emissions from microbial activities in soil cancause significant changes to the results.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Berg, Jessica, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Kombinerade mobilitetstjänster på landsbygd och i mindre tätorter : resultat från förstudien KomILand
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att erbjuda olika typer av mobilitetstjänster för boende på landsbygd och i mindre tätorter kan ge ökad tillgänglighet och minskat behov av att resa med egen bil. Syftet med förstudien KomILand är att bereda uppstart för framtida demoprojekt för kombinerad mobilitet i landsbygder och i mindre tätorter med avseende på plats, användare, tjänster och finansiering. Flera aktiviteter har genomförts: Identifiering av geografiskt lämpliga områden; behovsanalys, identifiering av tjänstedesign och affärsmodeller samt mobilisering av lokalt och regionalt engagemang. Tjänster och affärsmodeller har tagits fram med hjälp av Osterwalder Business Model Canvas. Ett antal kriterier har tagits fram för vilka egenskaper en landsbygd eller mindre ort bör ha för att en kombination av flera mobilitetstjänster ska ha möjlighet att kunna fungera. De tjänster som tillsammans i ett tjänstepaket skulle kunna ingå i en kombinerad mobilitetstjänst för landsbygd har validerats teoretiskt i den fiktiva bygden Småtorp. En offentlig aktör bör tillhandahålla organisatoriska och digitala plattformar åt de lokala mottagarna samt KomILand-konsulenter. KomILand kan bidra med lönsamhet, sänka mobilitetskostnaderna för kunderna, bidra med nya kunder till kollektivtrafiken och leda till ökad hållbarhet för samhället, förutsatt att det finns en robust och kvalitativ kollektivtrafik i botten.
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| 20. |
- Berg, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Kombinerade mobilitetstjänster på landsbygd och i mindre tätorter– resultat från förstudien KomILand
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Different types of mobility services in small towns and rural areas can increase accessibility among theresidents and reduce the need to travel by one’s own car. The purpose of this pre-study is to preparefor future demonstration projects for combined mobility (CM) in small towns and rural areas byproviding data on location, users, services and financing. Several activities have been carried out:identification of geographically appropriate areas and ongoing projects worldwide; analysis of userneeds; identification of service design and business models; and mobilization of local and regionalinvolvement. Services and business models have been developed using The Osterwalder BusinessModel Canvas. Several characteristics have been identified that a small town or rural area should havein order for CM to function. Services that could be included in a service package in a CM rural servicehave been validated theoretically in the fictional town of Småtorp. A public actor needs to provideorganisational and digital platforms to local organisations, and KomILand-consultants. KomILand cancontribute profitability, reduce mobility costs for customers, contribute new customers to the publictransport operators, and lead to increased sustainability for society, if there is a robust and qualitativepublic transport system as a basis
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| 21. |
- Berger, Karoline, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Interleukin-6 Induces Stem Cell Propagation through Liaison with the Sortilin-Progranulin Axis in Breast Cancer.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancers. - 2072-6694. ; 15:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unraveling the complex network between cancer cells and their tumor microenvironment is of clinical importance, as it might allow for the identification of new targets for cancer treatment. Cytokines and growth factors secreted by various cell types present in the tumor microenvironment have the potential to affect the challenging subpopulation of cancer stem cells showing treatment-resistant properties as well as aggressive features. By using various model systems, we investigated how the breast cancer stem cell-initiating growth factor progranulin influenced the secretion of cancer-associated proteins. In monolayer cultures, progranulin induced secretion of several inflammatory-related cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, in a sortilin-dependent manner. Further, IL-6 increased the cancer stem fraction similarly to progranulin in the breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 monitored by the surrogate mammosphere-forming assay. In a cohort of 63 patient-derived scaffold cultures cultured with breast cancer cells, we observed significant correlations between IL-6 and progranulin secretion, clearly validating the association between IL-6 and progranulin also in human-based microenvironments. In conclusion, the interplay between progranulin and IL-6 highlights a dual breast cancer stem cell-promoting function via sortilin, further supporting sortilin as a highly relevant therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancer.
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| 22. |
- Bjorvang, Richelle D., et al.
(författare)
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Follicular fluid and blood levels of persistent organic pollutants and reproductive outcomes among women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are industrial chemicals resistant to degradation and have been shown to have adverse effects on reproductive health in wildlife and humans. Although regulations have reduced their levels, they are still ubiquitously present and pose a global concern. Here, we studied a cohort of 185 women aged 21-43 years with a median of 2 years of infertility who were seeking assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment at the Carl von Linne Clinic in Uppsala, Sweden. We analyzed the levels of 9 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 10 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 3 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and 8 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the blood and follicular fluid (FF) samples collected during ovum pick-up. Impact of age on chemical transfer from blood to FF was analyzed. Associations of chemicals, both individually and as a mixture, to 10 ART endpoints were investigated using linear, logistic, and weighted quantile sum regression, adjusted for age, body mass index, parity, fatty fish intake and cause of infertility. Out of the 30 chemicals, 20 were detected in more than half of the blood samples and 15 in FF. Chemical transfer from blood to FF increased with age. Chemical groups in blood crossed the blood-follicle barrier at different rates: OCPs > PCBs > PFASs. Hexachlorobenzene, an OCP, was associated with lower anti-Miillerian hormone, clinical pregnancy, and live birth. PCBs and PFASs were associated with higher antral follicle count and ovarian response as measured by ovarian sensitivity index, but also with lower embryo quality. As a mixture, similar findings were seen for the sum of PCBs and PFASs. Our results suggest that age plays a role in the chemical transfer from blood to FF and that exposure to POPs significantly associates with ART outcomes. We strongly encourage further studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of reproductive effects of POPs in humans.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Bolin, Sara, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Combined BET bromodomain and CDK2 inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 37:21, s. 2850-2862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. MYC genes are frequently amplified and correlate with poor prognosis in MB. BET bromodomains recognize acetylated lysine residues and often promote and maintain MYC transcription. Certain cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are further known to support MYC stabilization in tumor cells. In this report, MB cells were suppressed by combined targeting of MYC expression and MYC stabilization using BET bromodomain inhibition and CDK2 inhibition, respectively. Such combination treatment worked synergistically and caused cell cycle arrest as well as massive apoptosis. Immediate transcriptional changes from this combined MYC blockade were found using RNA-Seq profiling and showed remarkable similarities to changes in MYC target gene expression when MYCN was turned off with doxycycline in our MYCN-inducible animal model for Group 3 MB. In addition, the combination treatment significantly prolonged survival as compared to single-agent therapy in orthotopically transplanted human Group 3 MB with MYC amplifications. Our data suggest that dual inhibition of CDK2 and BET bromodomains can be a novel treatment approach for suppressing MYC-driven cancer.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Book, Frida, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Ecotoxicity screening of seven different types of commercial silica nanoparticles using cellular and organismic assays : Importance of surface and size
- 2019
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Ingår i: NanoImpact. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-0748. ; 13, s. 100-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that seven different types of commercial, biocide-free, colloidal silica products with mean particle sizes between 17 and 88 nm with 3 different surface chemistries (Na-stabilized, aluminized and silane-modified) are not toxic to the bacterium Pseudomonas putida, and the algae Raphidocelis subcapitata in the concentration range 5–500 mg/L. They are also not acutely toxic to Daphnia magna at concentrations up to 10,000 mg/L. Six silica particles are toxic to the gill cell line RTgill-W1 from Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), showing a clear concentration-response relationship with EC50 values between 13 and 92 mg/L. Toxicity in the fish cells decreases with increasing hydrodynamic size and is dependent on particle surface area. The average EC50 across the tested particles is 2.1 (±0.3) m2/L. Surface modifications clearly impact toxicity, with silane-modified particles showing no cytotoxicity. The reduced number of free silanol groups on the surface of the silane modified particle, in combination with an increased steric hindrance that prevents contact with the cells is a possible mechanism for the observed lack of toxicity. This is also in line with previous studies on silica nanoparticles in human toxicology. Overall, these findings show a generally low ecotoxicity of silica nanoparticles and indicate that silica particles of different sizes but identical surface chemistry could potentially be grouped into an assessment group under regulation such as REACH.
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| 30. |
- Bose, Aneesh, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmaceutical pollution disrupts the behaviour and predator–prey interactions of two widespread aquatic insects
- 2022
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Ingår i: iScience. - : Elsevier BV. - 2589-0042. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pharmaceutical pollution represents a rapidly growing threat to ecosystems worldwide. Drugs are now commonly detected in the tissues of wildlife and have the potential to alter the natural expression of behavior, though relatively little is known about how pharmaceuticals impact predator-prey interactions. We conducted parallel laboratory experiments using larval odonates (dragonfly and damselfly nymphs) to investigate the effects of exposure to two pharmaceuticals, cetirizine and citalopram, and their mixture on the outcomes of predator-prey interactions. We found that exposure to both compounds elevated dragonfly activity and impacted their predation success and efficiency in complex ways. While exposure to citalopram reduced predation efficiency, exposure to cetirizine showed varied effects, with predation success being enhanced in some contexts but impaired in others. Our findings underscore the importance of evaluating pharmaceutical effects under multiple contexts and indicate that these compounds can affect predator-prey outcomes at sublethal concentrations.
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| 31. |
- Botö, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Physical inactivity after stroke: Incidence and early predictors based on 190 individuals in a 1-year follow-up of the Fall Study of Gothenburg.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of rehabilitation medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081. ; 53:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the incidence of physical inactivity and factors prior to stroke and in acute stroke that are associated with physical inactivity 1 year after stroke Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort Patients: A total of 190 consecutively included individuals with acute stroke Methods: A follow-up questionnaire, relating to physical activity level using the Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Scale, was sent to participants in The Fall Study of Gothenburg 1 year after stroke. Predictors of physical inactivity at baseline were identified using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Physical inactivity 1 year after stroke was reported by 70 (37%) of the 190 patients who answered the questionnaire and was associated with physical inactivity before the stroke, odds ratio (OR) 4.07 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.69-9.80, p=0.002); stroke severity (assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), score 1-4), OR 2.65 (95% CI) 1.04-6.80, p=0.042) and fear of falling in acute stroke, OR 2.37 (95% CI 1.01-5.60, p=0.048).Almost 4 in 10 participants reported physical inactivity 1 year after stroke. Physical inactivity before the stroke, stroke severity and fear of falling in acute stroke are the 3 main factors that predict physical inactivity 1 year after stroke.
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| 32. |
- Boyi, Joy Ometere, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships between gene transcription and contaminant concentrations in Baltic ringed seals : A comparison between tissue matrices
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ringed seals (Pusa hispida) are slowly recovering in the eastern and northern parts of the Baltic Sea after years of hunting pressure and contaminant exposure. Still, consequences of anthropogenic activities such as contaminant exposure and increasing temperatures are stressors that continue to have deleterious effects on their habitat and health. Transcription profiles of seven health-related genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, endocrine disruption and stress were evaluated in blood, blubber, and liver of Baltic ringed seals in a multi-tissue approach. Selected persistent organic pollutants and total mercury concentrations were measured in blubber and liver, and muscle and liver of these animals, respectively. Concentrations of contaminants varied across tissues on a lipid weight basis but not with sex. mRNA transcript levels for all seven target genes did not vary between sexes or age classes. Transcript levels of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TR alpha), retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) correlated with levels of persistent organic pollutants. TR alpha transcript levels also correlated positively with mercury concentrations in the liver. Of the three tissues assessed in this multi-tissue approach, blubber showed highest transcription levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), thyroid stimulating hormone receptor beta (TSH beta), oestrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). The wide range of genes expressed highlights the value of minimally invasive sampling (e.g. biopsies) for assessing health endpoints in free-ranging marine wildlife and the importance of identifying optimal matrices for targeted gene expression studies. This gene transcript profile study has provided baseline information on transcript levels of biomarkers for early on-set health effects in ringed seals and will be a useful guide to assess the impacts of environmental change in Baltic pinnipeds for conservation and management.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Britt-Marie, Bäcklin, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal and Geographical Variation of Intestinal Ulcers in Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) and Environmental Contaminants in Baltic Biota during Four Decades
- 2021
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Ingår i: Animals. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2615. ; 11:10, s. 2968-2968
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of intestinal ulcers and parasites was investigated in 2172 grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) collected in the Baltic Sea and 49 grey seals collected outside the Baltic Sea (i.e., the Atlantic). An increase in frequency of ileocaeco-colonic ulcers was observed in the early 1980s, followed by a decrease in the mid-1990s. At the same time, there was an increase followed by a decrease in brominated flame retardants, Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and cadmium levels in herring (Clupea harengus), the most common prey item in Baltic grey seal diet, as well as in another top predator in the Baltic, the common guillemot (Uria aalge). The frequency of intestinal ulcers was significantly related to the intensity of acanthocephalan parasites, the age of the seal and the region of the Baltic Sea. Perforation of the intestinal wall was the cause of death in 26 of the investigated Baltic grey seals. In contrast, none of the investigated Atlantic grey seals had intestinal ulcers. They showed a thin colonic wall and very few acanthocephalan parasites. The high prevalence of intestinal ulcers and the high parasite intensity appear to be unique to the Baltic population of grey seals.
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| 35. |
- Brock, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Female desire in phallocentric industries : A duo-ethnographic interrogation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Organization. - : Sage Publications. - 1350-5084 .- 1461-7323.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The persistence of workplace inequality requires female subjects to examine their place in exploitative systems of production and consumption, and to identify means for emancipation beyond masculine dominant orders. In this paper we examine our past experiences as young women in the finance and oil industries, the phallocentric and extractive engines of global capitalism. We do this by employing a duo-ethnographic approach and a feminist reading of Jacques Lacan’s ideas on sexual difference, aiming to contribute to the literature on female identification in phallocentric organizations. Our analysis reveals how we oscillated between accepting subordinate feminine subject positions linked to emotional work and striving to access ‘universal’ masculine subject positions linked to success and achievement. At the same time, we both engaged with imaginaries of uniqueness and critique, control and success in order to keep functioning in our roles. Both our stories feature moments of rupture experienced as affective embodied responses, when our organizations placed ourselves or others at risk. We analyse these as moments when cracks were exposed in our fantasmatic survival strategies, leading to our eventual exit from these industries. We conclude that while a feminist Lacanian framework provides a useful lens for understanding processes of female identification in phallocentric organizations, the quest for female desire and subjectivity outside the masculine dominant order requires other (feminist) frameworks.
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| 36. |
- Browne, Katherine, et al.
(författare)
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How does policy coherence shape effectiveness and inequality? Implications for sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sustainable Development. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719. ; 31:5, s. 3161-3174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the formulation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, many promoted policy coherence as a key tool to ensure achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a way that “leaves no one behind.” Their argument assumed that coherent policymaking contributes to more effective policies and supports over-arching efforts to reduce inequality. As the 2030 Agenda reaches the halfway point, however, countries are falling short on many SDGs, particularly SDG 10 (reduce inequality). This study revisits the basic assumptions about policy coherence underpinning the SDGs. We systematically screened the peer-reviewed literature to identify 40 studies that provide evidence about whether coherent policymaking contributes to more effective outcomes and helps to reduce inequality. We find that coherent policymaking did not help reduce inequality in a majority of cases and made it worse in several. Our findings challenge the narrative that coherence is a necessary pre-condition for progress on the SDGs for all people.
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| 37. |
- Brunström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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From efficacy in trials to effectiveness in clinical practice : The Swedish Stroke Prevention Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Blood Pressure. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 25:4, s. 206-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blood pressure treatment has shown great efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in randomized controlled trials. If this is effective in reducing cardiovascular disease in the general population, is less studied. Between 2001 and 2009 we performed an intervention to improve blood pressure control in the county of Vasterbotten, using Sodermanland County as a control. The intervention was directed towards primary care physicians and included lectures on blood pressure treatment, a computerized decision support system with treatment recommendations, and yearly feed back on hypertension control. Each county had approximately 255000 inhabitants. Differences in age and incidence of cardiovascular disease were small. During follow-up, more than 400000 patients had their blood pressure recorded. The mean number of measurements was eight per patient, yielding a total of 3.4 million blood pressure recordings. The effect of the intervention will be estimated combining the blood pressure data collected from the electronic medical records, with data on stroke, myocardial infarction and mortality from Swedish health registers. Additional variables, from health registers and Statistics Sweden, will be collected to address for confounders. The blood pressure data collected within this study will be an important asset for future epidemiological studies within the field of hypertension.
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| 38. |
- Bäckberg, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Using in vitro receptor activity studies of synthetic cannabinoids to support the risk assessment of new psychoactive substances – A Swedish strategy to protect public health from harm
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0379-0738 .- 1872-6283. ; 348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past 15 years, close to 1000 of new psychoactive substances (NPS) have been reported in Europe and globally. At the time of identification, data on safety, toxicity and carcinogenic potential of many NPS are not available or very limited. To work more efficiently, a strategy and collaboration between the Public Health Agency of Sweden (PHAS) and the National Board of Forensic Medicine was established involving in vitro receptor activity assays to demonstrate neurological activity of NPS. This report summarizes the first results on the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), and subsequent actions taken by PHAS. A total of 18 potential SCRAs were selected by PHAS for in vitro pharmacological characterization. 17 compounds could be acquired and investigated for their activity on the human cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptors expressed together with the AequoScreen system in CHO-K1 cells. Dose-response curves were established using eight different concentrations in triplicates at three occasions with JWH-018 as reference. For the MDMB-4en-PINACA, MMB-022, ACHMINACA, ADB-BUTINACA, 5F-CUMYL-PeGACLONE, 5C-AKB48, NM-2201, 5F-CUMYL-PINACA, JWH-022, 5Cl-AB-PINACA, MPhP-2201, 5F-AKB57 the half maximal effective concentration values ranged from 2.2 nM (5F-CUMYL-PINACA) to 171 nM (MMB-022). EG-018 and 3,5-AB-CHMFUPPYCA were none-active. The results contributed to 14 of these compounds being scheduled as narcotics in Sweden. In conclusion, many of the emerging SCRAs are potent activators of the CB1 receptor in vitro, although some lack activity or are partial agonists. The new strategy proved useful when data on psychoactive effects of the SCRAs under investigation were not available or limited. © 2023 The Authors
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Carleo, Ilaria, et al.
(författare)
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The Multiplanet System TOI-421*
- 2020
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-3881 .- 0004-6256. ; 160:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the discovery of a warm Neptune and a hot sub-Neptune transiting TOI-421 (BD-14 1137, TIC 94986319), a bright (V = 9.9) G9 dwarf star in a visual binary system observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) space mission in Sectors 5 and 6. We performed ground-based follow-up observations-comprised of Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope transit photometry, NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging, and FIbre-fed Echelle Spectrograph, CORALIE, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, High Resolution echelle Spectrometer, and Planet Finder Spectrograph high-precision Doppler measurements-and confirmed the planetary nature of the 16 day transiting candidate announced by the TESS team. We discovered an additional radial velocity signal with a period of five days induced by the presence of a second planet in the system, which we also found to transit its host star. We found that the inner mini-Neptune, TOI-421 b, has an orbital period of P-b = 5.19672 +/- 0.00049 days, a mass of M-b = 7.17 +/- 0.66 M-circle plus, and a radius of R-b = R-circle plus, whereas the outer warm Neptune, TOI-421 c, has a period of P-c = 16.06819 +/- 0.00035 days, a mass of M-c = 16.42(-1.04)(+1.06)M(circle plus), a radius of R-c = 5.09(-0.15)(+0.16)R(circle plus), and a density of rho(c) = 0.685(-0.072)(+0.080) cm(-3). With its characteristics, the outer planet (rho(c) = 0.685(-0.0072)(+0.080) cm(-3)) is placed in the intriguing class of the super-puffy mini-Neptunes. TOI-421 b and TOI-421 c are found to be well-suited for atmospheric characterization. Our atmospheric simulations predict significant Ly alpha transit absorption, due to strong hydrogen escape in both planets, as well as the presence of detectable CH4 in the atmosphere of TOI-421 c if equilibrium chemistry is assumed.
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| 41. |
- Carlström, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-talk Between Nitrate-Nitrite-NO and NO Synthase Pathways in Control of Vascular NO Homeostasis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Antioxidants and Redox Signaling. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1523-0864 .- 1557-7716. ; 23:4, s. 295-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Inorganic nitrate and nitrite from endogenous and dietary sources have emerged as alternative substrates for nitric oxide (NO) formation in addition to the classic L-arginine NO synthase (NOS)-dependent pathway. Here, we investigated a potential cross-talk between these two pathways in the regulation of vascular function. Results: Long-term dietary supplementation with sodium nitrate (0.1 and 1mmol kg(-1) day(-1)) in rats caused a reversible dose-dependent reduction in phosphorylated endothelial NOS (eNOS) (Ser1177) in aorta and a concomitant increase in phosphorylation at Thr495. Moreover, eNOS-dependent vascular responses were attenuated in vessels harvested from nitrate-treated mice or when nitrite was acutely added to control vessels. The citrulline-to-arginine ratio in plasma, as a measure of eNOS activity, was reduced in nitrate-treated rodents. Telemetry measurements revealed that a low dietary nitrate dose reduced blood pressure, whereas a higher dose was associated with a paradoxical elevation. Finally, plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate increased in mice that were treated with a low dietary nitrate dose and decreased with a higher dose. Innovation and Conclusions: These results demonstrate the existence of a cross-talk between the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway and the NOS-dependent pathway in control of vascular NO homeostasis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 23, 295-306.
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| 42. |
- Causevic, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among Swedish-born and foreign-born MSM in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2458. ; 22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Little is known about transactional sex (TS) (selling and buying sex) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Sweden, especially among foreign-born MSM. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors of TS (ever and in the previous five years) among MSM living in Sweden and to determine if there is a difference between Swedish-born MSM and foreign-born MSM.Methods: Swedish data from a multicountry online banner survey (EMIS-2017) was used (n = 4443). Multivariable regression analysis was applied to analyse the data.Results: The prevalence of ever-selling sex among all MSM participants was 13.2% and 5.9% in the previous five years. Selling sex ever and in the previous five years was higher among foreign-born MSM (16% and 8.4%, respectively) than Swedish-born MSM (12.7% and 5.4%, respectively). Among all participants, younger age (aOR:3.19, 95% CI:1.57-6.45) and really struggling to live on current income (aOR:3.37, 95% CI:2.29-4.96) increased the odds of selling sex. Being foreign-born MSM (aOR:1.33, 95% CI:1.02-1.73) and having had sex with a woman in the previous 12 months increased the odds of selling sex (aOR:1.44, 95% CI:1.00-2.07). The prevalence of ever buying sex among MSM participants in Sweden was 10.8% and 6.7% in the previous five years, with the same trend among foreign-born MSM (11.6% and 6.9%, respectively) and Swedish-born MSM (10.7% and 6.6%, respectively). Higher education and not having a current partner increased the odds of buying sex. Younger age was protective for buying sex (aOR:0.05, 95% CI:0.02-0.14). Among the foreign-born MSM, the length of stay in Sweden decreased the odds of buying sex (aOR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99).Conclusions: The comparatively high prevalence of TS among MSM participants in Sweden, where buying sex is illegal, with a higher prevalence among foreign-born MSM participants, calls for sexual and reproductive health and rights interventions in this population. Increased attention, including HIV prevention programming and education, should be aimed at younger MSM, MSM struggling with their current income, and foreign-born MSM, as they are more likely to report selling sex.
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| 43. |
- Cousins, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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I nattviolens hage
- 2008
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Ingår i: Olsson, R. (red), Mångfaldsmarker. - Uppsala : Centrum för biologisk mångfald. - 9789189232297 ; , s. 9-28
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I en svensk naturbetesmark kan man hitta över 40 växtarter inom en enda kvadratmeter. Det är världsrekord. En stor del av de arter som finns i betesmarkerna förekommer inte i andra naturtyper. Idag återstår inte mer än en tiondel av den areal naturbetesmarker som fanns i Sverige för drygt 100 år sedan. Igenväxningen hotar inte bara en lång rad arter. Också stora kulturhistoriska värden och vårt vackra, variationsrika odlingslandskap står på spel. Fortsatt hävd förutsätter att det finns en levande landsbygd med bärkraftiga jordbruksföretag.
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| 44. |
- Cousins, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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I nattviolens hage
- 2008
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Ingår i: Olsson, R. (red), Mångfaldsmarker. - Uppsala : Centrum för biologisk mångfald. ; , s. 9-28
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I en svensk naturbetesmark kan man hitta över 40 växtarter inom en enda kvadratmeter. Det är världsrekord. En stor del av de arter som finns i betesmarkerna förekommer inte i andra naturtyper. Idag återstår inte mer än en tiondel av den areal naturbetesmarker som fanns i Sverige för drygt 100 år sedan. Igenväxningen hotar inte bara en lång rad arter. Också stora kulturhistoriska värden och vårt vackra, variationsrika odlingslandskap står på spel. Fortsatt hävd förutsätter att det finns en levande landsbygd med bärkraftiga jordbruksföretag.
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| 45. |
-
Dialogues : Dialogues, Valand Academy Yearbook 2015
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Publikationen 'Dialogues' består av texter, visuella gestaltningar, dokumentationer, fragment och utsnitt ur pågående forskningsprojekt under 2015. Bidragen är redaktionellt utvalda och kommer från studenter, lärare och forskare vid institutionen.
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| 46. |
- Diaz, Matias R., et al.
(författare)
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TOI-132 b: A short-period planet in the Neptune desert transiting a V=11.3 G-type star
- 2020
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Ingår i: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 493:1, s. 973-985
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Neptune desert is a feature seen in the radius-period plane, whereby a notable dearth of short period, Neptune-like planets is found. Here, we report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of a new short-period planet in the Neptune desert, orbiting the G-type dwarf TYC 8003-1117-1 (TOI-132). TESS photometry shows transit-like dips at the level of similar to 1400 ppm occurring every similar to 2.11 d. High-precision radial velocity follow-up with High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher confirmed the planetary nature of the transit signal and provided a semi-amplitude radial velocity variation of 11.38(-0.85)(+0.84) m s(-1), which, when combined with the stellar mass of 0.97 +/- 0.06 M-circle dot, provides a planetary mass of 22.40(-1.92)(+1.90) M-circle plus. Modelling the TESS light curve returns a planet radius of 3.42(-0.14)(+0.13) R-circle plus , and therefore the planet bulk density is found to be 3.08(-0.46)(+0.44) g cm(-3). Planet structure models suggest that the bulk of the planet mass is in the form of a rocky core, with an atmospheric mass fraction of 4.3(-2.3)(+1.2) percent. TOI-132 b is a TESS Level 1 Science Requirement candidate, and therefore priority follow-up will allow the search for additional planets in the system, whilst helping to constrain low-mass planet formation and evolution models, particularly valuable for better understanding of the Neptune desert.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Ekberg, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of cyclin A1 and cell cycle proteins in hematopoietic cells and acute myeloid leukemia and links to patient outcome
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 75:2, s. 106-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormal expression of several key regulators essential for G1/S transitions has been implicated in tumorigenesis. A critical role of cyclin A1 in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has previously been demonstrated in transgenic mice. Our present study focused on the expression and prognostic significance of cyclin A1 and a panel of cell cycle regulatory proteins including cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cyclin E, CDK1, CDK2, p21 and p27 in bone marrow samples from 40 patients with AML. Freshly isolated CD34+ hematopoietic cells and bone marrow samples from 10 healthy donors were also assessed for cell type- and subcellular-specific expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins. The level of cyclin A1 expression was the only factor that showed a significant correlation with patient outcome. In log-rank test stratified by levels of cyclin A1 expression, patients with high levels of cyclin A1 had significantly worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.012) compared to those with low levels. Further, patients with high levels of cyclin A1 had significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.028). Multivariate analysis indicated that cyclin A1 protein expression was an independent prognostic factor for predicting DFS (P = 0.035) and OS (P = 0.045). No correlation between cyclin A1 expression and age was found. However, expression of cyclin A2, cyclin B1, cyclin E, CDK1, CDK2, p21 and p27 did not show prognostic significance in these AML patients.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Ekvall-Hansson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Stroke and unsteadiness - A cross-sectional study from primary health care.
- 2014
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Ingår i: NeuroRehabilitation. - 1878-6448. ; 34:2, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dizziness is seldom the only symptom among patients who develop stroke but patients, hospitalized for vertigo are at higher risk of stroke than the general population. The proportions of patients who have remaining dizziness after a stroke seem to be unclear.
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