| 1. |
- Häggström, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidens säkerhetstjänst i totalförsvaret
- 2024
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mot bakgrund av en breddad och allt mer komplex hotbild mot Sverige och en ambition att stärka den svenska totalförsvarsförmågan har regeringen och Regeringskansliet på senare år skjutit till nya medel och försvarsanslag till det militära och civila försvaret, inklusive den militära Säkerhetstjänsten. De har även tagit fram ett antal nya lagar och regler som på olika sätt syftar till att vägleda säkerhetstjänstens verksamhet och stärka landets motståndskraft mot olika säkerhetshot inom ramen för totalförsvaret.Denna antologi har till uppgift att utifrån olika perspektiv analysera hur moderna hotbilder, ny teknik, lagstiftning, natomedlemskap och krav på samverkan med andra myndigheter och företag kommer påverka den militära säkerhetstjänstens och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänstens verksamhet i framtiden. Antologin är skriven av några av Sveriges ledande experter på området i syfte att beskriva de utmaningar som den militära säkerhetstjänsten och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänsten står inför samtidigt som totalförsvaret och krisberedskapen i Sverige återuppbyggs.Några av de frågor som ställs i antologin är hur och i vilken utsträckning det försämrade säkerhetsläget i vårt närområde, ny säkerhetsskyddslagstiftning, ambitionen att stärka det svenska totalförsvaret och Sveriges medlemskap i Nato kommer leda till att säkerhetstjänstens arbetsuppgifter förändras i framtiden? Slutsatserna från denna antologi är säkerhetstjänsten och säkerhetsunderrättelsetjänsterna i Sverige står inför ett paradigmskifte där det kommer vara nödvändigt att modernisera organisationen och implementera ny teknik för att anpassa sig till den digitala eran. Även vikten av intensifierad internationell samverkan kommer spela stor roll för säkerhetstjänstens möjligheter att bedriva ett effektivt arbete på nationell nivå i framtiden. Det multilaterala samarbetet är här för att stanna även om det är svårt och bygger på förtroenden mellan stater som inte alltid finns.
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| 2. |
- Larsson, Staffan, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Kortutbildade i kunskapsamhället
- 1991
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett forskningsprogram om forskning kring kortutbildades situation
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ahlbäck Öberg, Shirin, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Sverige behöver en oberoende riksrevision
- 1999
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Ingår i: TLM:Thélème. - Stockholm : Föreningen Thélème. - 1103-8926. ; :4, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Frågan om Inga-Britt Ahlenius förordnande håller på att hamna i personfixering medan det grundläggande problemet förblir olöst: Sverige har en alltför svag granskningsmakt. Vi behöver en verkligt oberoende riksrevision. Det skriver Olof Petersson professor i statsvetenskap, och fil dr Shirin Ahlbäck expert på statlig revision.
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| 6. |
- Altman, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged second stage of labor is associated with low Apgar score
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medicine, Solna. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is no consensus on the effects of a prolonged second stage of labor on neonatal outcomes. In this large Swedish population-based cohort study, our objective was to investigate prolonged second stage and risk of low Apgar score at 5 minutes. All nulliparous women (n= 32 796) delivering a live born singleton infant in cephalic presentation at ≥37 completed weeks after spontaneous onset of labor between 2008 and 2012 in the counties of Stockholm and Gotland were included. Data were obtained from computerized records. Exposure was time from fully retracted cervix until delivery. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Adjustments were made for maternal age, height, BMI, smoking, sex, gestational age, sex-specific birth weight for gestational age and head circumference. Epidural analgesia was included in a second model. The primary outcome measure was Apgar score at 5 minutes <7 and <4. We found that the overall rates of 5 minute Apgar score <7 and <4 were 7.0 and 1.3 per 1000 births, respectively. Compared to women with <1 hour from retracted cervix to birth, adjusted ORs of Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes generally increased with length of second stage of labor: 1-<2 hours: OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.19-2.66); 2- <3 hours: OR 1.66 (1.05-2.62); 3-<4 hours: OR 2.08 (1.29-3.35); and ≥4 hours: OR 2.71 (1.67-4.40). We conclude that prolonged second stage of labor is associated with an increased risk of low 5 minute Apgar score.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- André-Petersson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Social support and behavior in a stressful situation in relation to myocardial infarction and mortality: who is at risk? Results from prospective cohort study "men born in 1914," malmö, sweden.
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 13:4, s. 340-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coronary heart disease remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Much data support the view that social support is associated with coronary heart disease. Participants of the study "Men born in 1914," (414 men) were followed from a baseline measurement in 1982183 until the end of 1996. At baseline, the men answered a questionnaire on social support and participated in a stressful test where their behavior was categorized as adaptive or maladaptive. This study examined whether social support had a prospective impact on the incidence of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality when behavior in the stressful task was taken into consideration. The conclusion of the study was that unsatisfactory levels of social support is associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction (HR 2.40, CI 1.36-4.25, p = .003) and premature death (HR 1.99, CI 1.32-3.00, p = .001) but only in men who had shown maladaptive behavior in the test.
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| 9. |
- Axén, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation of peak-broadening effects arising when combining CE with MS.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 28:18, s. 3207-3213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, peak-broadening effects caused by nebulizing gas flow and lack of temperature control have been investigated for separation capillaries with three different inner diameters. The study was performed with serial UV/ESI-MS detection in an effort to distinguish between peak broadening arising in the separation and peak broadening arising in the ion source. The nebulizing gas was found to significantly affect both migration time and separation efficiency when using capillaries with 50 and 75 µm id. If the nebulizing gas is on during injection, the injection volume increases to such an extent that significant peak broadening is induced. Reducing the id to 25 µm minimizes the parabolic flow induced by the nebulizing gas. Results indicate that the nebulizing gas pressure can be optimized to minimize peak broadening in the ion source. A decrease in detection sensitivity, possibly related to the orthogonal design of the interface, was observed when the nebulizing gas pressure was increased. A tapered capillary tip was found to provide superior separation efficiency as well as sensitivity.
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| 10. |
- Axén, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Efforts to improve detection sensitivity for capillary electrophoresis coupled to atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. - : John Wiley & Sons Ltd. - 0951-4198 .- 1097-0231. ; 24:9, s. 1260-1264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrospray ionization performs best with volatile buffers. However, generally the best separation performance for capillary electrophoresis (CE) is achieved with non-volatile buffers. Hyphenation of CE with mass spectrometry (MS) utilizing atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) enables use of a wider range of separation buffers without compromising detection sensitivity. As APPI is considered to be mass flow sensitive, the use of a larger inner diameter separation capillary (75 microm) allows larger volumes to be injected, without decreased separation performance, thus providing improved sensitivity (approx. a factor of 10), compared to the use of a 25 microm capillary. However, nebulizing gas flow and position of capillary tip in the sprayer have to be carefully optimized to prevent excessive band broadening. Further improvement in sensitivity (approx. a factor of 2) was obtained by decreasing the distance between the sprayer and ionization region, indicating that a specially designed CE/APPI-MS interface for low flow rates will be favourable.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Blom, Hans-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Removal of RSE induced damages in silicon
- 1986
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Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559. ; 4:3, s. 752-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Cariou, Bertrand, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of tirzepatide on body fat distribution pattern in people with type 2 diabetes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Diabetes, obesity and metabolism. - : WILEY. - 1462-8902 .- 1463-1326.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo describe the overall fat distribution patterns independent of body mass index (BMI) in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the SURPASS-3 MRI substudy by comparison with sex- and BMI-matched virtual control groups (VCGs) derived from the UK Biobank imaging study at baseline and Week 52. MethodsFor each study participant at baseline and Week 52 (N = 296), a VCG of >= 150 participants with the same sex and similar BMI was identified from the UK Biobank imaging study (N = 40 172). Average visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT) and liver fat (LF) levels and the observed standard deviations (SDs; standardized normal z-scores: z-VAT, z-aSAT and z-LF) were calculated based on the matched VCGs. Differences in z-scores between baseline and Week 52 were calculated to describe potential shifts in fat distribution pattern independent of weight change. ResultsBaseline fat distribution patterns were similar across pooled tirzepatide (5, 10 and 15 mg) and insulin degludec (IDeg) arms. Compared with matched VCGs, SURPASS-3 participants had higher baseline VAT (mean [SD] z-VAT +0.42 [1.23]; p < 0.001) and LF (z-LF +1.24 [0.92]; p < 0.001) but similar aSAT (z-aSAT -0.13 [1.11]; p = 0.083). Tirzepatide-treated participants had significant decreases in z-VAT (-0.18 [0.58]; p < 0.001) and z-LF (-0.54 [0.84]; p < 0.001) but increased z-aSAT (+0.11 [0.50]; p = 0.012). Participants treated with IDeg had a significant change in z-LF only (-0.46 [0.90]; p = 0.001), while no significant changes were observed for z-VAT (+0.13 [0.52]; p = 0.096) and z-aSAT (+0.09 [0.61]; p = 0.303). ConclusionIn this exploratory analysis, treatment with tirzepatide in people with T2D resulted in a significant reduction of z-VAT and z-LF, while z-aSAT was increased from an initially negative value, suggesting a possible treatment-related shift towards a more balanced fat distribution pattern with prominent VAT and LF loss.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Options are a CEO's best friend : executive compensation in Swedish listed corporations
- 2014
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Ingår i: IUP Journal of Corporate Governance. - : Gale Group. - 0972-6853. ; 13:3, s. 40-71
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ownership influences both the level and composition of executive compensation. The present study examines this by adding identity of the owner and the owner's capacity to create a governance strategy to the traditional ownership concentration measure. Through a test on Swedish corporations listed as on 2008, it is found that the identity of the owner influences the level of compensation, and the concentration of ownership negatively influences the propensity to use options. This is interpreted as a sign that options are not so much an incentive instrument, aligning the CEO's interest with the absent owners' interest, but more of a recruitment instrument and an indication of CEO strength
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| 23. |
- Davidsson, Lars, 1974-
(författare)
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I linje med partiet? : Maktspel och lojalitet i den svenska riksdagen
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The preconditions for Swedish MPs’ (Members of Parliament) loyalty to their parliamentary party groups have been modified by two recent constitutional changes: the introduction of preference voting in the electoral system in 1998, and the 1997 reorganisation of the national budgetary process. The main purpose of this thesis is to determine the impact of these reforms on Swedish MPs’ inclination to defect from their party group’s interests. A theory is developed and its propositions empirically tested on the case of the Swedish Parliament. The theory states that the tasks of forming and upholding the party line are delegated from the party group to an elected leadership, and then re-delegated back to individual MPs. The party group leadership acts as a principal, monitoring the adherence of MPs as agents to party group interests in the fulfilment of these tasks. The nature of the interaction varies with the type of parliamentary activity, and the monitoring capacity of the leadership. This theory is strongly supported by Swedish data, and a comparative overview indicates that the theory may also be useful for analysing party loyalty in other parliamentary systems.The thesis uses a mixed methodology design, combining data from a survey study, an interview study, and a document study of Private Member Initiatives.The preference vote reform has increased MPs' willingness to defect, as well as actual defections from their party group’s interests. The effect is, however, mainly limited to electorally vulnerable MPs, who after the reform need to build a personal political profile. The budget reform has decreased defection on budgetary issues, but from a fairly low starting level. A third effect on party loyalty is found, in that the youngest generation MPs are significantly more prone to defect than their colleagues of older generations.
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| 24. |
- Dicksved, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus reuteri Maintains a Functional Mucosal Barrier during DSS Treatment Despite Mucus Layer Dysfunction
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri has been shown to prevent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. This is partly due to reduced P-selectin-dependent leukocyte-and platelet-endothelial cell interactions, however, the mechanism behind this protective effect is still unknown. In the present study a combination of culture dependent and molecular based T-RFLP profiling was used to investigate the influence of L. reuteri on the colonic mucosal barrier of DSS treated rats. It was first demonstrated that the two colonic mucus layers of control animals had different bacterial community composition and that fewer bacteria resided in the firmly adherent layer. During DSS induced colitis, the number of bacteria in the inner firmly adherent mucus layer increased and bacterial composition of the two layers no longer differed. In addition, induction of colitis dramatically altered the microbial composition in both firmly and loosely adherent mucus layers. Despite protecting against colitis, treatment with L. reuteri did not improve the integrity of the mucus layer or prevent distortion of the mucus microbiota caused by DSS. However, L. reuteri decreased the bacterial translocation from the intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes during DSS treatment, which might be an important part of the mechanisms by which L. reuteri ameliorates DSS induced colitis.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday activities for people with dementia in residential aged care : associations with person-centredness and quality of life.
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of older people nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1748-3743 .- 1748-3735. ; 9, s. 269-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Providing everyday activities is central to high quality residential aged care, but further research is needed on the association between activity participation, person-centred care and quality of life. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the point-prevalence of participation in everyday activities for residents with dementia within a national sample of Swedish residential aged care units and to explore if residents participating in everyday activities lived in more person-centred units and/or had higher quality of life as compared to residents not participating in everyday activities. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to collect valid and reliable questionnaire data on activity participation, unit person-centredness and quality of life in a sample of residents in residential aged care (n = 1266). RESULTS: Only 18% of residents participated in everyday activities such as making coffee, setting or clearing the table, cleaning or watering plants, 62% participated in outdoor walks, 27% participated in parlour games, and 14% and 13% participated in excursions and church visits, respectively. Those residents who had participated in everyday activities lived in more person-centred units, had significantly higher quality of life and higher cognitive scores as compared to those residents who had not participated in everyday activities. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the prevalence of resident participation in everyday activities was low, resident participation was significantly associated with unit person-centredness and resident quality of life. It seems that everyday activities that are routine and commonplace to residential aged care can be potent nursing interventions for promoting resident quality of life. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The study indicates that residents can benefit from participation in everyday activities that are commonly occurring in aged care practice. It seems that such everyday tasks and procedures can provide fruitful ways to make person-centred care happen in clinical practice, and ways to increasingly involve residents with cognitive impairment need to be further developed.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Esiasson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Demokrati som dialog
- 1995
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SNS Demokratiråd bildades 1994 i syfte att studera den svenska demokratins arbetsformer. Författarna fokuserar på ett antal centrala värden: demokrati som medborgarstyrelse, demokratin skall vara förenlig med rättsstatens krav och den skall vara handlingskraftig.För att se om den svenska demokratin uppfyller dessa krav undersöks tretton olika indikatorer, bl.a. hur valrörelserna fungerar, vem som har kontrollen över den politiska dagordningen, massmedias roll, medborgarnas tolerans och det politiska deltagandets utveckling.Boken avslutas med en bedömning av hur det svenska styrelseskicket lever upp till demokratins ideal, samt hur demokratin utvecklats under de senaste två decennierna.
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| 29. |
- Fjällström, Per-Olof, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Range Searching Methods for Contact Searching in Mechanical Engineering
- 1998
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Ingår i: International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications. - : World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.. - 0218-1959. ; 8:1, s. 67-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contact searching is an important and time-consuming part of computer simulation of certain deformation processes. Contact searching can be facilitated by orthogonal range searching. We have experimentally evaluated four methods for orthogonal range searching: the projection method, the cell method, the k-d tree method, and the range tree method. The results of our experiments indicate that two of these methods, the cell and k-d tree methods, have practical significance. The cell method is in most cases faster than the k-d tree method.
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| 30. |
- Fredriksson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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A component tracking algorithm for accelerated and improved liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method development
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1217:52, s. 8195-8204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for tracking of sample components during liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method development has been proposed. The method manages to, fully automatically and without user intervention, find the chromatographic peaks in the data sets, discriminate them to sample components and track them when the separation conditions have been changed. The algorithm utilises the resolution obtained from all considered data sets and has the ability to discriminate the non informative parts. The technique has a great sensitivity even in cases where a majority of the tracked components cannot easily be spotted by means of traditional total ion chromatogram (TIC) or base peak chromatogram (BPC) representations. The method was tested on an experimental sample using six different columns and an average of 79% of the suggested sample components could be successfully tracked at a minimum area of 0.05% of the main component in the sample. 66 components with 79–92% of the total suggested component area were able to be tracked between all data sets. The method could be used to rapidly investigate selectivity during different types of separation conditions.
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| 31. |
- Fredriksson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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An automatic peak finding method for LC-MS data using Gaussian second derivative filtering
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlag. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 32:22, s. 3906-3918
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A highly automated procedure for localising and characterising peaks in the chromatographic time domain of LC-MS data has been developed. The work was initiated by an identified need to facilitate the detection and tracking of chromatographic peaks during method development for the analysis of impurities in pharmaceutical products. The algorithm is mainly based on a digital filter for which the settings are automatically adapted to the data set under study. The procedure was evaluated for synthetic data sets with various S/N levels, peak widths and baseline properties. It was found that even for the worst case tested with S/N=10 and a high variability in the baseline, 94% of the simulated analytical peaks could be detected without producing any false-positive identifications. Furthermore, the number of correctly estimated peak heights and peak widths falling within a 10% error of the true values were 94 and 91%, respectively. For experimental data sets, peak height, and width estimations were more difficult, but the processed reconstructions showed an excellent agreement with the analytical signals of the raw data, and also a clearly improved visualisation in total ion- and base-peak chromatograms.
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| 32. |
- Fredriksson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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An objective comparison of pre-processing methods for enhancement of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1172:2, s. 135-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four data pre-processing methods have been applied with different settings to data sets obtained from the analysis of a pharmaceutical drug and its degradation products by liquid chromatography�mass spectrometry (LC�MS). The methods compared were the frequently used component detection algorithm (CODA) and three kinds of digital filters�matched filtration (MF), Gaussian second derivative (GSD) and Savitzky�Golay. The aim was to evaluate the performance and robustness of these methods for extracted ion chromatogram (XIC), total ion chromatogram (TIC) and base peak chromatogram (BPC) in the presence of different types of noise. In accordance with theory, the best improvements in signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the XICs were obtained with MF under the ideal case with random white noise. However, when highly coloured noise was present, it was found that no improvements in XIC S/N could be obtained with any of the pre-processing methods studied. GSD and CODA did, however, improve the S/N for both TIC and BPC. GSD and CODA also significantly reduced the background in the spectral domain, thereby facilitating the interpretation of the mass spectra. Another advantage associated with CODA and to some extent also with GSD is their data reduction ability.
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| 33. |
- Fredriksson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Combined use of algorithms for peak picking, peak tracking and retention modelling to optimize the chromatographic conditions for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of fluocinolone acetonide and its degradation products
- 2011
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-2670 .- 1873-4324. ; 704:1-2, s. 180-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A strategy for rapid optimization of liquid chromatography column temperature and gradient shape is presented. The optimization as such is based on the well established retention and peak width models implemented in software like e.g. DryLab and LC simulator. The novel part of the strategy is a highly automated processing algorithm for detection and tracking of chromatographic peaks in noisy liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data. The strategy is presented and visualized by the optimization of the separation of two degradants present in ultraviolet (UV) exposed fluocinolone acetonide. It should be stressed, however, that it can be utilized for LC-MS analysis of any sample and application where several runs are conducted on the same sample. In the application presented, 30 components that were difficult or impossible to detect in the UV data could be automatically detected and tracked in the MS data by using the proposed strategy. The number of correctly tracked components was above 95%. Using the parameters from the reconstructed data sets to the model gave good agreement between predicted and observed retention times at optimal conditions. The area of the smallest tracked component was estimated to 0.08% compared to the main component, a level relevant for the characterization of impurities in the pharmaceutical industry.
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| 34. |
- Fredriksson, Mattias
(författare)
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Efficient algorithms for highly automated evaluation of liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry data
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) has due to its superiorresolving capabilities become one of the most common analytical instruments fordetermining the constituents in an unknown sample. Each type of sample requires a specificset‐up of the instrument parameters, a procedure referred to as method development.During the requisite experiments, a huge amount of data is acquired which often need to bescrutinised in several different ways. This thesis elucidates data processing methods forhandling this type of data in an automated fashion.The properties of different commonly used digital filters were compared for LC‐MS datade‐noising, of which one was later selected as an essential data processing step during adeveloped peak detection step. Reconstructed data was further discriminated into clusterswith equal retention times into components by an adopted method. This enabled anunsupervised and accurate comparison and matching routine by which components fromthe same sample could be tracked during different chromatographic conditions.The results show that the characteristics of the noise have an impact on the performanceof the tested digital filters. Peak detection with the proposed method was robust to thetested noise and baseline variations but functioned optimally when the analytical peaks hada frequency band different from the uninformative parts of the signal. The algorithm couldeasily be tuned to handle adjacent peaks with lower resolution. It was possible to assignpeaks into components without typical rotational and intensity ambiguities associated tocommon curve resolution methods, which are an alternative approach. The underlyingfunctions for matching components between different experiments yielded satisfactoryresults. The methods have been tested on various experimental data with a high successrate.
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| 35. |
- Fredwall, Svein O., et al.
(författare)
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Fat infiltration in the thigh muscles is associated with symptomatic spinal stenosis and reduced physical functioning in adults with achondroplasia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. - : BMC. - 1750-1172. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSymptomatic spinal stenosis is a prevalent complication in adults with achondroplasia. Increased muscle fat infiltration (MFI) and reduced thigh muscle volumes have also been reported, but the pathophysiology is poorly understood. We explored whether the increased MFI and reduced thigh muscle volumes were associated with the presence of symptomatic spinal stenosis and physical functioning.MethodsMFI and thigh muscle volumes were assessed by MRI in 40 adults with achondroplasia, and compared to 80 average-statured controls, matched for BMI, gender, and age. In achondroplasia participants, the six-minute walk-test (6MWT), the 30-s sit-to-stand test (30sSTS), and a questionnaire (the IPAQ) assessed physical functioning.ResultsSymptomatic spinal stenosis was present in 25 of the participants (the stenosis group), while 15 did not have stenosis (the non-stenosis group). In the stenosis group, 84% (21/25) had undergone at least one spinal decompression surgery. The stenosis group had significantly higher MFI than the non-stenosis group, with an age-, gender and BMI-adjusted difference in total MFI of 3.3 percentage points (pp) (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04 to 6.3 pp; p = 0.03). Compared to matched controls, the mean age-adjusted difference was 3.3 pp (95% CI 1.7 to 4.9 pp; p < 0.01). The non-stenosis group had MFI similar to controls (age-adjusted difference - 0.9 pp, 95% CI - 3.4 to 1.8 pp; p = 0.51). MFI was strongly correlated with the 6MWT (r = - 0.81, - 0.83, and - 0.86; all p-values < 0.01), and moderately correlated with the 30sSTS (r = - 0.56, - 0.57, and - 0.59; all p-values < 0.01). There were no significant differences in muscle volumes or physical activity level between the stenosis group and the non-stenosis group.ConclusionIncreased MFI in the thigh muscles was associated with the presence of symptomatic spinal stenosis, reduced functional walking capacity, and reduced lower limb muscle strength. The causality between spinal stenosis, accumulation of thigh MFI, and surgical outcomes need further study. We have demonstrated that MRI might serve as an objective muscle biomarker in future achondroplasia studies, in addition to functional outcome measures. The method could potentially aid in optimizing the timing of spinal decompression surgery and in planning of post-surgery rehabilitation.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Havlicek, Jaroslav, et al.
(författare)
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Partition chromatography and mass spectrometry of tetrulose and pentuloses
- 1972
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Ingår i: Acta Chemica Scandinavica. ; 26, s. 2205-2215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Partition chromatography on ion exchange resins in aqueous ethanol is an excellent tool for the separation of tetrulose and pentuloses for both analytical and preparative purposes. The analysis of complex mixtures is facilitated by the fact that the ketoses are recorded by both the orcinol and periodate-formaldehyde methods whereas under proper conditions aldoses are only recorded in the orcinol channel. In gas chromatography the trimethylsilylated 3-pentuloses gave rise to only one prominent peak which as revealed by mass spectrometry corresponded to the keto form. Tetrulose and the 2-pentuloses gave two or more peaks. The 1,2-enediol derivative obtained from tetrulose was identical with that recorded for threose.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Jhund, Pardeep S., et al.
(författare)
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Dapagliflozin across the Range of Ejection Fraction in Patients with Heart Failure : A Patient-Level, Pooled Meta-Analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 28:9, s. 1956-1964
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whether the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of a range of morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients with heart failure regardless of ejection fraction is unknown. A patient-level pooled meta-analysis of two trials testing dapagliflozin in participants with heart failure and different ranges of left ventricular ejection fraction ($<$/=40% and $>$40%) was pre-specified to examine the effect of treatment on endpoints that neither trial, individually, was powered for and to test the consistency of the effect of dapagliflozin across the range of ejection fractions. The pre-specified endpoints were: death from cardiovascular causes; death from any cause; total hospital admissions for heart failure; and the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction or stroke (major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs)). A total of 11,007 participants with a mean ejection fraction of 44% (s.d. 14%) were included. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio (HR) 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-0.97; P = 0.01), death from any cause (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.99; P = 0.03), total hospital admissions for heart failure (rate ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.65-0.78; P $<$ 0.001) and MACEs (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-1.00; P = 0.045). There was no evidence that the effect of dapagliflozin differed by ejection fraction. In a patient- level pooled meta-analysis covering the full range of ejection fractions in patients with heart failure, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and hospital admissions for heart failure (PROSPERO: CRD42022346524).
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| 41. |
- Jonsson Cornell, Anna, Professor, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Författningsberedskap
- 2022. - 6
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Ingår i: Svensk författningspolitik. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144155272 ; , s. 355-380
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Kaniewska, M., et al.
(författare)
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Charge carrier traffic at self-assembled Ge quantum dots on Si
- 2012
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Ingår i: 6th International Silicon-Germanium Technology and Device Meeting, ISTDM 2012, Berkeley, 4-6 June 2012. - 9781457718625 ; , s. 70-71
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to their interesting size-dependent properties, semiconductor Quantum Dots (QDs) have many potential applications in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Ge QDs are particularly attractive because of the compatibility of Ge with Si technology and the ability to grow dislocation-free Ge QDs through the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode. Recently given examples include mm-wave circuit operation [1] with Ge QD Schottky diodes of 1.1 THz transit frequency or room temperature single electron memory [2] function of double (Si,Ge) dots. In this paper the voltage dependent occupation of states and their filling dynamics is investigated in two terminal device structures (Schottky barrier diode, p/n junction) by capacitance voltage (C-V) and deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) methods. Frequency scanned DLTS (FS-DLTS) was used, where the DLTS signal at a constant temperature is measured as a function of the repetition frequency of electrical pulses, f, with the emission voltage of the pulses, VR, as a parameter. Presenting DLTS spectra as a contour plot on a (f, VR)-plane, where contour lines with negative (positive) slope reflect signals related to thermal (tunnelling) transitions makes it possible to distinguish between these emission paths.
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| 43. |
- Kaniewska, M, et al.
(författare)
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Charge carrier traffic at self-assembled Ge quantum dots on Si
- 2013
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Ingår i: Solid-State Electronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-1101. ; 83, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Germanium quantum dots (QDs) have been characterized by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and capacitance versus voltage (C-V) technique. Two types of dots, grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at different temperatures, were investigated and assessed with respect to morphological properties. Samples with dots grown at 350 degrees C, were designed as n(++)-p-p(++) silicon junctions with the QDs positioned in the depleted p-region, while a second type of samples were Shottky diodes based on medium doped silicon with the QDs prepared at 550 degrees C and positioned in the Schottky depletion region. From the combined results of temperature scanned and frequency scanned DLTS, and by varying hole filling levels of the QD potentials, the energy distribution of states in the QD potentials were investigated. A wider distribution was found for the low-temperature QDs, probably related with a larger variation of size. By using a technique for separating tunneling and thermal hole emission, the average thermal activation energy for emitting holes to the valence band was found close to 0.40 eV for both types of QDs.
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| 44. |
- Kinsey, Dianne Caracuzzo, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing education and mental health care in Sweden : impressions from a faculty exchange with the University of Växjö
- 2001
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Ingår i: Nursing and Health Care Perspectives. - : National League for Nursing. - 1094-2831. ; 22:3, s. 136-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A SABBATICAL LEAVE during the spring of 1999 has led to an ongoing exchange program between CEDAR CREST COLLEGE, a small women's liberal arts college located in northeastern Pennsylvania, and the UNIVERSITY OF VÄXJÖ, a major regional university in southeastern Sweden. The author visited the University of Växjö to pursue her research interest in transcultural nursing and health care and to exchange information on nursing education and practice, with a focus on mental health nursing and health care. Her long-range goal was to develop further faculty and student exchanges.The first author instituted an ongoing exchange program for nursing students and faculty in a small women's liberal arts college in eastern Pennsylvania and a regional university in southeastern Sweden. A site visit to Sweden in 1999 initiated discussion of differences in educational methodologies and mental health care between Sweden and the United States. This visit served as the basis for continued interaction between the two institutions, including a faculty and student visit in 2001 that has broadened the scope of study beyond mental health care.
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| 45. |
- Linge, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
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Adverse muscle composition predicts all-cause mortality in the UK Biobank imaging study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. - : Wiley. - 2190-5991 .- 2190-6009. ; 12:6, s. 1513-1526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Adverse muscle composition (MC) as measured by magnetic resonance imaging has previously been linked to poor function, comorbidity, and increased hospitalization. The aim of this study was to investigate if adverse MC predicts all-cause mortality using data from UK Biobank. Methods There were 40 178 participants scanned using a 6 min magnetic resonance imaging protocol. Images were analysed for thigh fat-tissue free muscle volume and muscle fat infiltration (MFI) using AMRA (R) Researcher (AMRA Medical, Linkoping, Sweden). For each participant, a sex, weight, and height invariant muscle volume z-score was calculated. Participants were partitioned into four MC groups: (i) normal MC, (ii) only low muscle volume [<25th percentile for muscle volume z-score (population wide)], (iii) only high MFI [>75th percentile (population wide, sex-specific)], and (iv) adverse MC (low muscle volume z-score and high MFI). Association of MC groups with mortality was investigated using Cox proportional-hazard modelling with normal MC as referent (unadjusted and adjusted for low hand grip strength, sex, age, body mass index, previous diagnosis of disease (cancer, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease), lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and Townsend deprivation index). Results Muscle composition measurements were complete for 39 804 participants [52% female, mean (SD) age 64.2 (7.6) years and body mass index 26.4 (4.4) kg/m(2)]. Three hundred twenty-eight deaths were recorded during a follow-up period of 2.9 (1.4) years after imaging. At imaging, adverse MC was detected in 10.5% of participants. The risk of death from any cause in adverse MC compared with normal MC was 3.71 (95% confidence interval 2.81-4.91, P < 0.001). Only low muscle volume and only high MFI were independently associated with all-cause mortality [1.58 (1.13-2.21), P = 0.007, and 2.02 (1.51-2.71), P < 0.001, respectively]. Adjustment of low hand grip strength [1.77 (1.28-2.44), P < 0.001] did not attenuate the associations with any of the MC groups. In the fully adjusted model, adverse MC and only high MFI remained significant (P P = 0.020) while the association with only low muscle volume was attenuated to non-significance (P = 0.560). The predictive performance of adverse MC [1.96 (1.42-2.71), P < 0.001] was comparable with that of previous cancer diagnosis [1.93 (1.47-2.53), P < 0.001] and smoking [1.71 (1.02-2.84), P = 0.040]. Low hand grip strength was borderline non-significant [1.34 (0.96-1.88), P = 0.090]. Conclusions Adverse MC was a strong and independent predictor of all-cause mortality. Sarcopenia guidelines can be strengthened by including cut-offs for myosteatosis enabling detection of adverse MC.
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| 46. |
- Linge, Jennifer, et al.
(författare)
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Skewness in Body fat Distribution Pattern Links to Specific Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Profiles
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : ENDOCRINE SOC. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 09:3, s. 783-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Fat distribution pattern could help determine cardiometabolic risk profile. This study aimed to evaluate the association of balance/imbalance between visceral adipose tissue (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT), and liver fat (LF) with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UK Biobank prospective cohort study.Methods: Magnetic resonance images of 40 174 participants were analyzed for VAT, aSAT, and LF using AMRA (R) Researcher. To assess fat distribution patterns independent of body mass index (BMI), fat z-scores (z-VAT, z-aSAT, z-LF) were calculated. Participants without prevalent T2D/CVD (N = 35 138) were partitioned based on balance between (1) z-VAT and z-LF (z-scores = 0 as cut-points for high/low), (2) z-VAT and z-aSAT, and (3) z-LF and z-aSAT. Associations with T2D/CVD were investigated using Cox regression (crude and adjusted for sex, age, BMI, lifestyle, arterial hypertension, statin treatment).Results: T2D was significantly associated with z-LF (hazard ratio, [95% CI] 1.74 [1.52-1.98], P < .001) and z-VAT (1.70 [1.49-1.95], P < .001). Both remained significant after full adjustment. For z-scores balance, strongest associations with T2D were z-VAT > 0 and z-LF > 0 (4.61 [2.98-7.12]), z-VAT > 0 and z-aSAT < 0 (4.48 [2.85-7.06]), and z-LF > 0 and z-aSAT < 0 (2.69 [1.76-4.12]), all P < .001. CVD was most strongly associated with z-VAT (1.22 [1.16-1.28], P < .001) which remained significant after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, and lifestyle. For z-scores balance, strongest associations with CVD were z-VAT > 0 and z-LF < 0 (1.53 [1.34-1.76], P < .001) and z-VAT > 0 and z-aSAT < 0 (1.54 [1.34-1.76], P < .001). When adjusted for sex, age, and BMI, only z-VAT > 0 and z-LF < 0 remained significant.Conclusion: High VAT in relation to BMI (z-VAT > 0) was consistently linked to both T2D and CVD; z-LF > 0 was linked to T2D only. Skewed fat distribution patterns showed elevated risk for CVD (z-VAT > 0 and z-LF < 0 and z-VAT > 0 and z-aSAT < 0) and T2D (z-VAT > 0 and z-aSAT < 0).
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| 47. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Dicarboxylic acids produced by oxygen-alkali treatment of birch xylan
- 1975
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Ingår i: Acta Chem. Scand. B. ; 29:4, s. 526-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C-(2-Hydroxyethyl)tartronic acid is predominant among the dicarboxylic acids and its formation in 12 % yield makes it a major product from xylan. The structure indicates that it is formed from terminal, oxidized xylose units by beta-elimination at C-4 and subsequent benzilic acid rearrangement. It is proposed that 2-ulosonic acid end-groups or ulosono-1,5-lactone end-groups, related in structure to ascorbic acid, are formed as precursors.
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| 48. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen-alkali treatment of cellobiose
- 1975
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Ingår i: Acta Chem. Scand. B. ; 29:9, s. 975-980
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- C-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)tartronic acid is a major dicarboxylic acid formed during O2-NaOH and O2-NaHCO3 treatment of cellobiose. The observation that this acid is the main reaction product after alkali treatment ofascorbic acid in O2-free medium supports the conclusion that it is formed via an aglycon moiety related to ascorbic acid. Other dicarboxylic acids from cellobiose are oxalic, tartronic, deoxytetraric, C-(hydroxymethyl)tartronic, and succinic acids.The temperature, pH and additions of iron and cobalt salts strongly influence the product composition. The formation of aldobionic acids from cellobiose parallels the formationof aldonic acid end groups during oxygen bleaching of cellulose.
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| 49. |
- Löwendahl, Lars, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Phenolic compounds in kraft black liquor
- 1978
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Ingår i: Svensk Papperstidning. ; 81:12, s. 392-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prominent phenolic compounds with one aromatic ring in kraft black liquor were analysed by a combination of liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Extracted spruce meal was cooked both under mild, conventional conditions and under extremely severe conditions. In all, the analyzed phenolic compounds amounted to 0.6 kg per 100 kg of dry wood under conventional conditions. In addition to 2-methoxyphenol, vanillin and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone, several phenolic alcohols and carboxylic acids with the same aromatic substitution were isolated and identified. The yield of related 3,4- dihydroxyphenylsubstituted compounds increased under severe conditions.
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| 50. |
- Mattsson, Per-Olof, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetarlitteratur och modernism 1910–1960
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nordens litteratur. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144083322 ; , s. 301-338
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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