| 1. |
- Back Danielsson, Ing-Marie, 1964-
(författare)
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Masking Moments : The Transitions of Bodies and Beings in Late Iron Age Scandinavia
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores bodily representations in Late Iron Age Scandinavia (400–1050 AD). Non-human bodies, such as gold foil figures, and human bodies are analysed. The work starts with an examination and deconstruction of the sex/gender categories to the effect that they are considered to be of minor value for the purposes of the thesis. Three analytical concepts – masks, miniature, and metaphor – are deployed in order to interpret how and why the chosen bodies worked within their prehistoric contexts.The manipulations the figures sometimes have undergone are referred to as masking practices, discussed in Part One. It is shown that masks work and are powerful by being paradoxical; that they are vehicles for communication; and that they are, in effect, transitional objects bridging gaps that arise in continuity as a result of events such as symbolic or actual deaths.In Part Two miniaturization is discussed. Miniaturization contributes to making worlds intelligible, negotiable and communicative. Bodies in miniatures in comparison to other miniature objects are particularly potent. Taking gold foil figures under special scrutiny, it is claimed that gold, its allusions as well as its inherent properties conveyed numinosity. Consequently gold foil figures, regardless of the context, must be understood as extremely forceful agents.Part Three examines metaphorical thinking and how human and animal body parts were used in pro-creational acts, resulting in the birth of persons. However, these need not have been human, but could have been the outcomes of turning a deceased into an ancestor, iron into a steel sword, or clay into a ceramic urn, hence expanding and transforming the members of the family/household. Thus, bone in certain contexts acted as a transitional object or as a generative substance.It is concluded that the bodies of research are connected to transitions, and that the theme of transformation was one fundamental characteristic of the societies of study.
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| 3. |
- Bratt, Peter, 1954-
(författare)
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Makt uttryckt i jord och sten : Stora högar och maktstrukturer i Mälardalen under järnåldern
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on power structures in the Mälaren basin during the Iron Age, and how these structures change over time. In the viewpoint of the author, constructing large mounds was an important way for the elite in the Mälaren basin to distinguish themselves from other groups in the region during the relevant period. By studying how the mounds differ in size and contents in relation to the norm, at least two different social strata can be discerned. The lower stratum was more similar to warriors than heads of power, and vice versa. The burial mounds from the Late Iron Age are almost always located in burial-grounds which belong to villages and farms, and which often extend back to the transition between the Roman Iron Age and the Migration period. It was not until the early Vendel period that cremation and mound building became the standard burial practice for the elite in the Mälaren basin. The analysis also reveals that large mounds were built mainly in the early Vendel period (AD 550–700) and the late Viking Age (tenth century).To find out how the elite used the large mounds in their social strategies, the author conducts a landscape-archaeological analysis in which the locations and visual effects of the mounds in the landscape are described and interpreted. The landscape analysis clearly shows that the mound-building elite in the Mälaren basin preferred to have their farms situated close to major communication routes, especially at important junctions in the landscape. The analysis further shows that some of the great mounds served as meeting places for the Thing. On the other hand, the mounds seldom coincide with cult places. The latter are often situated on the periphery of settlement complexes with mounds rather than at the sites of the mounds themselves.Finally, the author sets the results of the landscape analysis in a culture-historical context. The discussion centres on when and why large mounds were built in the Mälaren basin during the Iron Age. In addition, the author discusses the role of the mound-building elite and their relationship to other elite groups in the political development, which ranged from small local dominions in the Migration period to the early medieval Christian kingdom.
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| 4. |
- Fåhraeus, F., et al.
(författare)
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Flyktinglägret från 1940-talet på Lovö
- 2005
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Ingår i: Eleonora-Posten: Lovö hembygdsförenings tidning. - 1651-6508. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Petré, Bo, 1943-
(författare)
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Arkeologi på Lovö : Stenålder, bronsålder, järnålder – 5000 år i forntiden
- 2024. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Institutionen för arkeologi och antikens kultur bedrev mellan åren 1958 och 2007 sina seminariegrävningar på olika gravfält Lovö, Lovö sn, Uppland. De flesta gravfält blev med tiden totalutgrävda vilket givit ett rikt, sammanhållet material för vidare forskning. Denna bok är en sammanställning av de tidigare tio i serien och syftar till att ge en kort överblick över tidigare forskning och nuvarande forskningsläge.
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| 13. |
- Petré, Bo
(författare)
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Bebyggelsearkeologiska exempel från Mälardalen
- 1987
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Ingår i: Bebyggelsearkeologiska exempel. Mälarområdet, Skåne, Östergötland. - : Institutionen för arkeologi, Stockholm. ; , s. 14-27
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
- Petré, Bo
(författare)
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Familjen under yngre järnåldern
- 1998
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Ingår i: Forntid i ny dager. - : Raster i samarbete med Stockholms läns museum. - 9187214822 ; , s. 168-176
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Petré, Bo, 1942-
(författare)
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Gravfältet Raä 16, Söderby, Lovö sn, Up. : Ett familjegravfält från yngre järnålder. Rapport, analys, tolkning
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Department of Archaeology at Stockholm University has 1978-87 carried out seminar excavations at the cemetery Raä 16, Söderby, on Lovö, located west of Stockholm. The cemetery consists of 28 (29) graves dated to 550-850 AD. A model for inheritance in a nuclear family, tested on the material, shows that a nuclear family consists of 3-6 individuals. Söderby farm has four cemeteries from Late Iron Age. They can be interpreted as separate family cemeteries from the population who lived at the Söderby village.
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| 23. |
- Petré, Bo
(författare)
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Järn redan på bronsåldern
- 1989
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Ingår i: Forskning och framsteg. - 0015-7937. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 33. |
- Regner, Elisabet, 1973-
(författare)
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Den reformerade världen : Monastisk och materiell kultur i Alvastra kloster från medeltid till modern tid
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1143 a Cistercian abbey was founded in the parish of Västra Tollstad in the province of Östergötland in Eastern Middle Sweden. The abbey of Alvastra and the role of the Cistercian monasteries in medieval Swedish society forms the main subject of this thesis. This thesis is based on an analysis of architecture, artefacts and graves recovered during the excavations of Alvastra, and analogies are made with the abbeys of Varnhem, Gudhem and Vreta but also with urban and rural areas in the region. The abbeys are studied in long-term perspective, using archaeology to study not only monastic life but the Reformation and post-dissolution periods.The primary results of the thesis concern the later history of Alvastra, which is poorly known from written sources. The archaeological material in many ways highlights the 14th century as an important period in the history of the abbey of Alvastra. New monastic buildings were erected that in both form and function directly related to secular society. The use of international currency increased, as did the use of imported pottery. Burial practices changed, particularily in regards to the spatial distribution of graves. Several if not all of these changes may be interpreted as part of a transformation of the relationship between the abbey and secular society. The relationship between the abbey and secular society became closer, which was manifested in architecture, artefacts and burials. This may be seen as an attempt by the abbey to adapt monastic culture to changing religious ideals, but it caused secular perceptions of the abbey to change.By opening the abbey to seculars and making lay people a part of the Cistercian brotherhood, the monks adapted a traditional structure to changing circumstances. At the same time, the very relationship with the seculars changed. The position and authority of the Cistercians stemmed in large part from their distance and isolation from lay society. Monastic culture did not provide the tools for understanding religious change in terms that allowed the monasteries to survey the consequences of their actions in terms of the social and religious position of the abbey.
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| 34. |
- Soltanalian, Mojtaba
(författare)
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Signal Design for Active Sensing and Communications
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Man-made active sensing systems such as active radar and sonar have been a vital part of our civilization's advancement in navigation, defense, meteorology, and space exploration. Modern active sensing systems rely heavily on the significant progress in the science and technology of communications made within the last century. Not surprising, the fast growing communications technology has changed each and every aspect of our everyday lives. This thesis is concerned with signal design for improving the performance of active sensing and communication systems: The target detection and estimation performance of the active sensing systems can be considerably improved by a judicious design of the probing signals. Similarly, signal design has a crucial role in the implementation and efficiency of communication systems.Signal optimization for active sensing and communications usually deals with various measures of quality. This thesis focuses on several quality measures including (i) correlation and spectral metrics, (ii) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mean-square error (MSE) performance metrics, (iii) information-theoretic criteria, (iv) sparsity-related metrics, and (v) beam-pattern matching metrics. The associated problems are studied and several novel algorithms are proposed to tackle the generally difficult arising problems.
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| 35. |
- Tang, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Information-theoretic waveform design for MIMO radar detection in range-spread clutter
- 2021
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Ingår i: Signal Processing. - : Elsevier. - 0165-1684 .- 1872-7557. ; 182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses the problem of waveform design for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar detection in the presence of range-spread clutter. Owing to the intractability of waveform design based on maximizing the detection probability, the design metric employs the relative entropy between the probability density functions of the observations under the two hypotheses (viz., the target is present/absent). We consider several practical constraints on the waveforms, including energy constraint, peak-to-average power ratio constraint, similarity constraint, and both constant-modulus and similarity constraints. We propose a minorization-maximization approach to tackle the non-convex waveform design problem. We show that the proposed algorithm has guaranteed and fast convergence of objective values. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 36. |
- Thedéen, Susanne, 1966-
(författare)
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Gränser i livet - gränser i landskapet : Generationsrelationer och rituella praktiker i södermanländska bronsålderslandskap
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with issues relating to the cosmological dimensions of landscapes, the cultural construction of age and the long-term changes in passage rituals and mortuary practices in the Bronze Age societies of Södermanland in East Central Sweden. A gender perspective forms the underlying theoretical framework, while the study as a whole is particularly interested in power relations between generations as an impetus for societal change. Burials from cairns and cemeteries, as well as heaps of fire-cracked stones, rock-carvings and ritual hoards from two Bronze Age Landscapes in Södermanland are used as examples and to illustrate the interpretations presented in this study.It is proposed that perceptions of landscapes and cosmology were created by placing cairns and stone settings at liminal places or boundaries in the landscape, while heaps of fire-cracked stones were situated at focal points. Places where rock-carvings are found, nearby rapids or on islands along river courses, are interpreted as birth-places, and stem from origin myths about the birth of the first humans at these sites. It is proposed that birth, life and death as cosmological principles may be perceived in the landscape and are related to different kinds of waters.In addition, it is suggested that the cultural construction of age is expressed in spatial terms where adults - both men and women - with special abilities and esoteric knowledge related to passage rituals, were buried in cairns. Infants, whose relationship with these adults was special, were instead buried in the heaps of fire-cracked stones. It is also considered that, among other things, the absence of swords in burials implies that the societies of East Central Sweden probably had a social organization that was distinct from the societies of southern Scandinavia. Regarding long-term changes in ritual practices it is suggested that ritual tools used in mortuary practices change from flint daggers in the Late Neolithic, to razors and tweezers during the Bronze Age. Further changes occurred in the Late Bronze Age, when pins were introduced into the ritual practices. Regarding age and gender, osteological estimates show that both adult men and women participated in passage rituals. With the transition to pins we also see changes in who dealt with passage rituals and it is rather young women who were responsible for this sphere in the later period. As children also become visible - both in burials and at rock-carving sites – during the Late Bronze Age, this is interpreted as signalling shifts in power relations between genders and generations in favour of women and younger people.
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| 37. |
- Wahlberg, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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New Square-Root Factorization of Inverse Toeplitz Matrices
- 2010
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Ingår i: IEEE Signal Processing Letters. - : IEEE. - 1070-9908 .- 1558-2361. ; 17:2, s. 137-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Square-root (in particular, Cholesky) factorization of Toeplitz matrices and of their inverses is a classical area of research. The Schur algorithm yields directly the Cholesky factorization of a symmetric Toeplitz matrix, whereas the Levinson algorithm does the same for the inverse matrix. The objective of this letter is to use results from the theory of rational orthonormal functions to derive square-root factorizations of the inverse of an positive definite Toeplitz matrix. The main result is a new factorization based on the Takenaka-Malmquist functions, that is parameterized by the roots of the corresponding auto-regressive polynomial of order. We will also discuss briefly the connection between our analysis and some classical results such as Schur polynomials and the Gohberg-Semencul inversion formula.
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| 38. |
- Wahlberg, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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On estimation of cascade systems with common dynamics
- 2009
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Ingår i: 15th IFAC Symposium on System Identification, SYSID 2009. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 1116-1120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research on identification of cascade systems has revealed some intriguing variance results for the estimated transfer functions of the subsystems. Such structures are common in most engineering applications. Even so, little is known about quality properties for structured estimated models of cascade systems. The objective of this paper is to analyze the underlying mechanism for some non-intuitive variance results when the true subsystems have common dynamics. It turns out that a simple FIR example of two cascaded subsystems can be used to understand the basic issues. The cascade system identification problem for this case corresponds to solving a second order equation in a least squares sense constraining the roots to be real. The difficult case is when the second order equation has double roots (the discriminant Δ is zero), which holds when the transfer functions of the subsystems are equal. In this case a more proper statistical analysis should be done conditional on the sign ofΔ If only the second output signal is used for estimation the result is that Δ > 0 gives estimates with poor statistical properties (variance of order ∂ (1/√N)), while Δ <0 will automatically constrains the roots to be real and double and hence this case gives variance of order ∂(1/N). If both output signals are used for estimation the unconditional variance of the estimate of the first system does not depend, on the average, on the output from the second system. A simulation example shows that the statistical properties also in this case are much better than predicted by average variance analysis if Δ < 0. For this simple example, it is hence possible to monitor the quality of the estimate by studying the sign of Δ. Traditional variance analysis only considers the average effects and hence misses this two mode (good or bad) situation.
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| 39. |
- Wahlberg, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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On estimation of the gain of a dynamical system
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 Digital Signal Processing and Signal Processing Education Meeting, DSP/SPE 2011. - : IEEE. - 9781612842271 ; , s. 364-369
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze and compare methods to estimate the 2-gain ( ∞-norm) of a stable linear dynamical system, that is the maximum of the absolute value of the corresponding frequency response. The standard approach is to estimate a parametric model of the system, which then is used for gain calculation. An asymptotic error variance expression for ∞-norm estimates based on finite impulse response (FIR) models is presented. We then study the problem of finding the minimum variance excitation signal that satisfies a given error variance bound for the FIR model gain estimate. It is shown that a sinusoidal signal with frequency equal to the peak frequency of the system is minimum variance optimal. The second approach to gain estimation is based on iterative experiments, and is inspired by numerical methods eigenvalue calculation. The asymptotic statistical properties of such gain estimation methods are compared to the FIR model approach. A transparent expression for the additional variance cost of using iterative experiments is derived. Finally, we present some ideas for input sequence estimation based on iterative experiments.
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| 40. |
- Wahlberg, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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On optimal input signal design for frequency response estimation
- 2010
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Ingår i: 49TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC). - : IEEE. - 9781424477463 ; , s. 302-307
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies optimal input excitation design for parametric frequency response estimation. The objective is to minimize the uncertainty of functions of the frequency response estimate at a specified frequency ω while limiting the power of the input signal. We focus on least-squares estimation of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) models and minimum variance input design. The optimal input problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem (semi-definite program) in the second order statistics of the input signal. We analytically characterize the optimal solution for first order FIR systems with two parameters, and perform a numerical study to obtain insights in the optimal solution for higher order models. The optimal solution is compared to the case when a sinusoidal input signal, with frequency ω and amplitude that gives the same accuracy as the optimal input, is used as excitation signal. For first order FIR models with two parameters the input signal power can be reduced at best by a factor of two by using the optimal input signal compared with such a sinusoidal input signal. Numerical studies show that less is in general gained for higher order systems, for which a sinusoidal input signal with frequency ω often is optimal. We consider estimation of the ℋ ∞-norm of a stable linear system, that is the maximum of the absolute value of the corresponding frequency response. An asymptotic error variance expression for ℋ∞-norm estimates is derived.
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