| 1. |
- Beţiu, Alina Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-dependent effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on mitochondrial respiration of human platelets
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. - 0300-8177.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are widely used over-the-counter medications to reduce fever, pain, and inflammation. Although both drugs are safe in therapeutic concentrations, self-medication is practiced by millions of aged patients with comorbidities that decrease drug metabolism and/or excretion, thus raising the risk of overdosage. Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as an important pathomechanism underlying the organ toxicity of both drugs. Assessment of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in peripheral blood cells is a novel research field Cu several applications, including characterization of drug toxicity. The present study, conducted in human platelets isolated from blood donor-derived buffy coat, was aimed at assessing the acute, concentration-dependent effects of each drug on mitochondrial respiration. Using the high-resolution respirometry technique, a concentration-dependent decrease of oxygen consumption in both intact and permeabilized platelets was found for either drug, mainly by inhibiting complex I-supported active respiration. Moreover, ibuprofen significantly decreased the maximal capacity of the electron transport system already from the lowest concentration. In conclusion, platelets from healthy donors represents a population of cells easily available, which can be routinely used in studies assessing mitochondrial drug toxicity. Whether these results can be recapitulated in patients treated with these medications is worth further investigation as potential peripheral biomarker of drug overdose.
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| 2. |
- Bețiu, Alina M., et al.
(författare)
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Cell‐permeable succinate rescues mitochondrial respiration in cellular models of amiodarone toxicity
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 22:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amiodarone is a potent antiarrhythmic drug and displays substantial liver toxicity in hu-mans. It has previously been demonstrated that amiodarone and its metabolite (desethylamioda-rone, DEA) can inhibit mitochondrial function, particularly complexes I (CI) and II (CII) of the elec-tron transport system in various animal tissues and cell types. The present study, performed in human peripheral blood cells, and one liver‐derived human cell line, is primarily aimed at assessing the concentration‐dependent effects of these drugs on mitochondrial function (respiration and cellular ATP levels). Furthermore, we explore the efficacy of a novel cell‐permeable succinate prodrug in alleviating the drug‐induced acute mitochondrial dysfunction. Amiodarone and DEA elicit a con-centration‐dependent impairment of mitochondrial respiration in both intact and permeabilized platelets via the inhibition of both CI‐ and CII‐supported respiration. The inhibitory effect seen in human platelets is also confirmed in mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and HepG2 cells. Additionally, amiodarone elicits a severe concentration‐dependent ATP depletion in PBMCs, which cannot be explained solely by mitochondrial inhibition. The succinate prodrug NV118 alleviates the respiratory deficit in platelets and HepG2 cells acutely exposed to amiodarone. In conclusion, amiodarone severely inhibits metabolism in primary human mitochondria, which can be counteracted by in-creasing mitochondrial function using intracellular delivery of succinate.
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| 3. |
- Bețiu, Alina M., et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial Effects of Common Cardiovascular Medications : The Good, the Bad and the Mixed
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 23:21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mitochondria are central organelles in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system via the integration of several physiological processes, such as ATP generation via oxidative phosphorylation, synthesis/exchange of metabolites, calcium sequestration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production/buffering and control of cellular survival/death. Mitochondrial impairment has been widely recognized as a central pathomechanism of almost all cardiovascular diseases, rendering these organelles important therapeutic targets. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to occur in the setting of drug-induced toxicity in several tissues and organs, including the heart. Members of the drug classes currently used in the therapeutics of cardiovascular pathologies have been reported to both support and undermine mitochondrial function. For the latter case, mitochondrial toxicity is the consequence of drug interference (direct or off-target effects) with mitochondrial respiration/energy conversion, DNA replication, ROS production and detoxification, cell death signaling and mitochondrial dynamics. The present narrative review aims to summarize the beneficial and deleterious mitochondrial effects of common cardiovascular medications as described in various experimental models and identify those for which evidence for both types of effects is available in the literature.
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