| 1. |
- Bergsten, Eva L., 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical and psychosocial work conditions among baggage handlers in six Swedish airports
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Flight baggage handlers are mainly engaged in sorting luggage or cargo, loading and unloading it to and from the airplanes. The Vocational Training and Working Environment Council, TYA - formed by employer’s and employee’s organizations in the transportation sector - initiated a scientific study in 2009 to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and their suspected determinants in six Swedish airports involving a total of about 1000 handlers in 14 cargo- and handling companies. Encouraged by an initial literature review, the present field study was designed to contain qualitative, questionnaire-based, and observational surveys of working conditions, as well as extensive direct measurements of postures using full-shift inclinometry. This paper reports the design and results of the questionnaire part of the study.MethodAll baggage handlers working at least half-time (n=1044) were encouraged to fill in an extensive questionnaire handed out at the workplace by a research team member. In general the researcher collected the questionnaires at the same occasion. The questionnaire addressed general health, work capacity and physical exposures in relevant handling tasks. It also included a modified version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Nordic Council of Minister’s Questionnaire (NMQ) on disorders, and the SOFI-questionnaire measuring perceived fatigue.ResultsThe response rate was 73%. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the back, shoulders and wrists during the last 12 months was 70%, 60% and 45%. Positive effects of devices used for reducing perceived physical load were confirmed. The handlers expressed a low confidence in the leadership, and insufficient feedback, information and influence at work. Fatigue particularly occurred in the dimensions lack of energy and physical discomfort.DiscussionThe observed prevalence of low back pain (70%) is high, and in parity with results among nurses in Sweden (64%; Josephson et al. 1997) and China (56%; Smith et al. 2004). Further examination of questionnaires, interviews and direct posture measurements will identify determinants to consider for intervention to reduce the prevalence of disorders among the baggage handlers.Josephson M, et al. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:681-685.Smith DR, et al. Occup Med 2004;54:579-582
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hamberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Utbud och efterfrågan på religiösa "marknader"
- 2002
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Ingår i: Religion och sociologi : ett fruktbart möte : festskrift till Göran Gustafsson (Religio, ISSN: 0280-5723 ; 55). - 0280-5723.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Linde, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Researchers and Open Data : Attitudes and Culture at Blekinge Institute of Technology
- 2015
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Ingår i: <em>New Avenues for Electronic Publishing in the Age of Infinite Collections and Citizen Science: Scale, Openness and Trust</em>. - : IOS Press. - 9781614995616
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During March 2015, the Blekinge Institute of Technology library carried out an interview survey comprising around 36 senior researchers and postdocs mainly in engineering sciences, with the objective to get a picture of how research data is managed at BTH and to find out what the researcher attitudes are to sharing data. The survey showed that most researchers in the study were positive to sharing research data but lacked any experience of making data management plans and had little or no knowledge of data preservation or of sharing open data. Uncertainties about data ownership are also an issue.
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| 5. |
- Mathioudaki, Argyri, Ph.D student, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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The sex-stratified genetic architecture of ankylosing spondylitis
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sexual dimorphism is an emerging feature of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic rheumatic condition affecting upto three times more men than women. Using 691 individuals from a Swedish case-control cohort, we revealed thatsex biases are also a hallmark of AS genetic predisposition, and that this multifactorial disease is in part driven byboth rare and common variants. We identified SNPs via the targeted re-sequencing of 7 270 coding and non-codingloci, and assessed novel patterns of association with both single marker and aggregate loci SKAT tests. The malespecific RUNX3 locus (including rs7414934, OR=2.58, p=1.7x10-5) and female specific MICB SKAT locus (27variants, p=1.2x10-6; rs3828903, OR=4.62, p=6.2x10-13) exceeded discovery thresholds. Multiple risk variants fromeach locus were shown to be functionally active in immune (Jurkat), skin (HaCat) and bone (SaOS-2) cell lines.Differential patterns of genetic predisposition may point to alternative disease mechanisms in male and femalepatients. Genetic and functional analyses demonstrated that risk alleles should not be considered in isolation and thatassociated variants would likely affect gene regulation across multiple tissues. This work illustrates the need toconsider the contribution of sex to the genetics of AS and the duality that individual loci may play in the key clinical outcomes of disease.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Oscarsson Tibblin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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To continue or discontinue aspirin in the perioperative period: a randomized, controlled clinical trial
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-0912 .- 1471-6771. ; 104:3, s. 305-312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) are a common cause of deathafter non-cardiac surgery. Despite evidence for the benefitof aspirin for secondary prevention, it is often discontinuedin the perioperative period due to the risk of bleeding. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlledtrial in order to compare the effect of low-dose aspirin withthat of placebo on myocardial damage, cardiovascular, and bleedingcomplications in high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Aspirin (75 mg) or placebo was given 7 days before surgery andcontinued until the third postoperative day. Patients were followedup for 30 days after surgery. Results: A total of 220 patients were enrolled, 109 patients receivedaspirin and 111 received placebo. Four patients (3.7%) in theaspirin group and 10 patients (9.0%) in the placebo group hadelevated troponin T levels in the postoperative period (P=0.10).Twelve patients (5.4%) had an MACE during the first 30 postoperativedays. Two of these patients (1.8%) were in the aspirin groupand 10 patients (9.0%) were in the placebo group (P=0.02). Treatmentwith aspirin resulted in a 7.2% absolute risk reduction [95%confidence interval (CI), 1.3–13%] for postoperative MACE.The relative risk reduction was 80% (95% CI, 9.2–95%).Numbers needed to treat were 14 (95% CI, 7.6–78). No significantdifferences in bleeding complications were seen between thetwo groups. Conclusions: In high-risk patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, perioperativeaspirin reduced the risk of MACE without increasing bleedingcomplications. However, the study was not powered to evaluatebleeding complications.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Thorin, Eva, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Optimization of the Växtkraft Biogas Production Plant
- 2011
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Ingår i: ICAE2011 - International Conference on Applied Energy. ; , s. 1833-1844
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- All over the world there is a strong interest and also potential for biogas production fromorganic residues as well as from different crops. However, to be commercially competitive withother types of fuels, efficiency improvements of the biogas production process are needed. In this paper the results of the project BioGasOpt, Performance optimization of the Växtkraft biogas production plant and surrounding system, are summarized. The project is performed in cooperation between Mälardalen University, the biogas plant Svensk Växtkraft AB, the membrane filtration company Mercatus Engineering AB and the farm Nibble Lantbruk AB.In the Växtkraft biogas plant organic wastes from households and restaurants are mixed and digested with crops from graze land. Four areas of importance for the performance of the plant are addressed in the BioGasOpt project: treatment of the feed material to enhance the fermentation rate, transport performance of gas and nutrients in the reactor, limitation of the ballast of organics in the water stream recirculated in the process, and use of the biogas plant residues at farms.The results indicate a potential to increase the biogas yield from the process with up to 40 % with pre-treatment of the feed and including membrane filtration in the process. The possibilities to improve the mixing in the digester also show a significant potential for even higher biogas yields. Modelling of the biogas process for better process control is also identified as a possible way to further improve the biogas yield. However, model development taking into account what input data is possible to get at a biogas plant in operation is needed.Further, the results from the project show that the residues from biogas production can be used as fertilizers but that the emission of N2O from the fertilised soil is dependent on the soil type and spreading technology.
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| 14. |
- Thorin, Eva, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Performance optimization of the Växtkraft biogas production plant
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 97, s. 503-508
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All over the world there is a strong interest and also potential for biogas production from organic residues as well as from different crops. However, to be commercially competitive with other types of fuels, efficiency improvements of the biogas production process are needed. In this paper, results of improvements studies done on a full scale co-digestion plant are presented In the plant organic wastes from households and restaurants are mixed and digested with crops from graze land. The areas for improvements of the plant addressed are treatment of the feed material to enhance the digestion rate, limitation of the ballast of organics in the water stream recirculated in the process, and use of the biogas plant residues at farms. Results from previous studies on pre-treatment and membrane filtration of recirculated process water are combined for estimation of the total improvement potential. Further, the possibility to use neural networks to predict biogas production using historical data from the full-scale biogas plant was investigated. Results from investigation of using the process residues as fertilizer are also presented. The results indicates a potential to increase the biogas yield from the process with up to over 30 % with pre-treatment of the feed and including membrane filtration in the process. Neural networks have the potential to be used for prediction of biogas production. Further, it is shown that the residues from biogas production can be used as fertilizers but that the emission of N2O from the fertilised soil is dependent on the soil type and spreading technology.
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| 15. |
- Weijnitz, Per, et al.
(författare)
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MT goes farming : comparing two machine translation approaches on a new domain
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'04). - Paris, France : ELRA - European Language Resources Association. ; , s. 2043-2046
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the paper we present detailed analyses of two machine translation systems when applied to documents of a previously unseen domain: agricultural texts from the European Union. The two systems compared are a statistical machine translation (SMT) system using the freely available ISI ReWrite Decoder (Germann 2003a), and the rule-based machine translation system MATS (Sågvall Hein et al. 2002). For the purpose of evaluation we use a sentence-aligned Swedish-English corpus of approximately 75,000 words per language, where 90% are used for training and 10% are used for evaluation. In the paper we discuss the outcome of automatic evaluation and the results of our manual quality assessment.
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| 16. |
- Weijnitz, Per, et al.
(författare)
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The machine translation system MATS : past, present & future
- 2004
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a status report of the rule-based machine translation system MATS (Sågvall Hein et al., 2002). It describes the development into its current state, which has recently been focused on extending the linguistic resources to new domains and improving robustness. Incases where an input sentence is not fully processable by the system, partial results are taken care of and used in producing a translationby complementary methods. A road-map for future development is also sketched.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Ageberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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15-Year Follow-up of Neuromuscular Function in Patients With Unilateral Nonreconstructed Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Initially Treated With Rehabilitation and Activity Modification: A Longitudinal Prospective Study.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The American journal of sports medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3365 .- 0363-5465. ; 35:12, s. 2109-2117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It has been suggested that neuromuscular function is of importance in the overall outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Hypothesis: Good neuromuscular function can be achieved and maintained over time in subjects with ACL injury treated with rehabilitation and activity modification but without reconstructive surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients (42 women and 58 men) with acute ACL injury at a nonprofessional, recreational or competitive activity level were assessed 1, 3, and 15 years after injury. Their mean age at inclusion was 26 years (range, 15-43 years). All patients initially underwent rehabilitation and were advised to modify their activity level, especially by avoiding contact sports. Patients with recurrent giving-way episodes or secondary meniscal injuries that required fixation were subsequently excluded and underwent reconstruction of the ACL. Sixty-seven patients (71% of those available for follow-up) with unilateral nonreconstructed injury remained at the 15-year follow-up. Fifty-six of these 67 patients were examined with the single-legged hop test for distance and knee muscle strength. The limb symmetry index (LSI), calculated by dividing the result for the injured leg by that of the uninjured leg and multiplying by 100, was used for comparisons over time (paired t test). Results: The LSI for the single-legged hop test was higher at the 3-year follow-up (mean, 98.5%; standard deviation [SD], 7.6%) than at the 15-year follow-up (mean, 94.8%; SD, 10.5%) (mean difference, -3.7%; 95% confidence interval [Cl], -6.1% to -1.2%; P = .004). The LSI for isometric extension was higher at the 15-year follow-up (mean, 97.2%; SD, 13.7%) than at the 1-year follow-up (mean, 88.2%; SD, 15.4%) (mean difference, 9.0%; 95% Cl, 3.7% to 14.4%; P = .001). At the 15-year follow-up, between 69% and 85% of the patients had an LSI >= 90%. Conclusions: Good functional performance and knee muscle strength can be achieved and maintained over time in the majority of patients with ACL injury treated with rehabilitation and early activity modification but without reconstructive surgery.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Ahlin, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of a written protocol for management of central venous access devices : a theoretical and practical education, including bedside examinations.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Infusion Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1533-1458 .- 1539-0667. ; 29:5, s. 253/294 quiz-259/296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objectives of this study were to evaluate registered nurses' (RN) compliance with a local clinical central venous access device (CVAD) protocol after completing an educational program and to determine RNs' perception of the program. Seventy-five RNs working in hematology participated in the educational part of the program. Sixty-eight RNs were examined while changing CVAD dressings or placing a Huber needle into a port on actual patients. Sixty percent of the RNs passed the examination and reported that the program increased their knowledge. The results indicated that the educational program could be recommended for use when implementing a new clinical protocol.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Gunnel, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary incontinence - why refraining from treatment? : a population based study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 39:4, s. 301-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate why persons with urinary incontinence (UI) refrain from seeking care and treatment.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A population-based study was undertaken in which a public health survey and a specific UI questionnaire were sent to 15 360 randomly selected residents (age 18-79 years) of Orebro County, Sweden. For all persons reporting UI, the expressed wish for treatment or no treatment was analyzed in relation to relevant variables from both inquiry forms using binary logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The response rate was 64.5%. UI was reported by 2194 persons, 1724 of whom comprised the study population. A statistically significant association was found between the degree of UI and a desire for treatment. Persons who did not experience daily leakage and those who did not perceive the leakage as troublesome or having an affect on their daily life mostly stated that they did not desire treatment. Socioeconomic or other health-related factors were not associated with desiring or not desiring treatment for UI.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that it is the perceived severity of UI that determines whether afflicted persons desire treatment or not. Other factors, relating to seeking healthcare in general, were not found to be of importance. Interventions to identify those in need of treatment for UI should primarily be directed towards those with severe symptoms.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Large Housing Estates in Stockholm and Jönköping, Sweden : Opinions of residents on recent developments
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- RESTATE is the acronyme for Restructuring Large-scale Housing Estates in European Cities: Good Practices and New Visions for Sustainable Neighbourhoods and Cities. All the participants in this project share the basic underlying conviction: if the problems of these large-scale housing estates are not resolved, they will increasingly hinder the good economic functioning of cities. The study draws on estates in ten European countries: France, Germany, Hungury, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Most results in this report are based on a survey carried out in the estates. The opinions and experiences of the inhabitants of the estates stand to the fore in this survey. This report is concerned with two Swedish cities, Stockholm and Jönköping; the same kind of information for estates in other countries in the RESTATE project can be found in parallel reports.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Andersson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Large Housing Estates in Sweden. Overview of developments and problems in Jönköping and Stockholm
- 2003
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- All over Europe massive numbers of people live in large-scale housing estates built after the Second World War. The estates were carefully planned, but now often manifest a mulitude af problems. They house large numbers of low-income households, the unemployment rates are above average and in some countries they have become concentration areas for ethnic minorities. Many estates are becoming increasingly associated with crime and social exclusion. The circumstances on the estates and policy initiatives associated with these are focus of the RESTATE-project. RESTATE is the acronym for Restructuring Large-scale Housing Estates in European Cities: Good Practices and New Visions for Sustainable Neighbourhoods and Cities. The study draws on estates in ten European countries: France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The present report deals specifically with large housing estates in two cities in Sweden: Jönköping och Stockholm. The basic questions are about physical structure, demographic-, economic- and socio-cultural developments. The same kind of information for estates in other countries in the RESTATE-project can be found in the parallel reports
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| 26. |
- Andrén, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Öppna prioriteringar inom nya områden : logopedi, nutritionsbedömning, habilitering och arbetsterapi
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det finns fortfarande ett behov av att öka kunskapen om och stödja den praktiska tillämpningen av riksdagens riktlinjer för öppna prioriteringar inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård. Flera förslag på hur ett sådant stöd kan se ut har tagits fram de senaste åren. Spridning av goda exempel är ett sådant förslag, metodstöd ett annat (PrioriteringsCentrum 2007). En mer påtaglig form av metodstöd är den nationella modell som vuxit fram för att konkretisera innebörden i riktlinjerna (Carlsson m fl 2007). Den får idag anses som välbeprövad inom ett flertal områden och har bidragit till att samsynen och kommunicerbarheten kring prioriteringar har ökat i landet. Erfarenheter visar dock att det behövs pedagogisk vägledning i hur modellen kan tillämpas. För att möta upp efterfrågan på sådant metodstöd erbjuder Prioriteringscentrum handledning i grupp. Den första handledningsgruppen är nu avslutad och det är deltagarnas prioriteringsarbeten som presenteras i denna rapport i syfte att sprida konkreta exempel på försök att tillämpa prioriteringsriktlinjerna.I rapporten presenteras fyra prioriteringsarbeten med fokus på: Regionsamverkan inom arbetsterapi Logopedi Yrkesspecifika prioriteringar på väg till teamet Från projekt till integrerat redskapExemplet med prioriteringar i regionsamverkan utgörs av det prioriteringsarbete som genomförts i det s k femklövernätverket bestående av en samverkansgrupp för arbetsterapeuter i ledningsposition på sjukhusen i Uppland, Västmanland, Södermanland, Gävleborg och Dalarna. Arbetet var ett försök att skapa gemensamma prioriteringar i regionen för ett sjukdomsområde som kändes relevant. Valet kom att falla på arbetsterapi inom reumatologi. Arbetet har sedan huvudsakligen bedrivits i en projektgrupp, bestående av en representant från varje sjukhus där arbetet växlat mellan arbete på hemmaplan och avstämningsträffar i projektgruppen.Försöket har visat att det finns en samsyn inom regionen kring prioriteringar inom arbetsterapi och reumatologi. Säkerheten i prioriteringarna har ökat i och med att fem arbetsterapiorganisationer tillsammans bidragit med ett stort underlagsmaterial bl a genom att delge varandra sina kliniska erfarenheter. Förutsättningarna för en mer likartad vård i regionen har ökat. Arbetet har också gett upphov till frågor om i vilka situationer det är att föredra att prioriteringsarbete bedrivs lokalt, regionvis och/eller nationellt.
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| 27. |
- Anttila, Sten, et al.
(författare)
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Program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är angeläget att finna metoder för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Det finns tecken på att psykisk ohälsa hos barn kan ha ökat under de senaste decennierna och strukturerade insatser för att komma till rätta med problemen blir allt vanligare såväl inom kommunal verksamhet som inom hälso- och sjukvård. Interventionen utgörs av så kallade program som är standardiserade och finns beskrivna i manual eller motsvarande. Här sammanfattas det vetenskapliga underlaget för två typer av program: dels de som främst syftar till att förebygga utagerande beteenden hos barn och ungdomar, dels de som i första hand syftar till att förebygga inåtvända problem som ångest, depression och självskadebeteende. Program som har en allmänt hälsobefrämjande effekt, t ex för att förebygga drogmissbruk och våldshandlingar ingår följaktligen inte. Programmen är avsedda att ha effekt, inte bara direkt efter att programmet har avslutats utan även i framtiden. Rapporten har tagits fram på förfrågan av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien och UPP-centrum (Utvecklingscentrum för barns psykiska hälsa) vid Socialstyrelsen. Båda har efterfrågat en systematisk litteraturöversikt för att klarlägga nyttan med att använda program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn. Slutsatser: - Av 33 bedömda standardiserade och strukturerade insatser (program) som syftar till att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn har sju ett begränsat vetenskapligt stöd i den internationella litteraturen. Det är föräldrastödsprogrammen Incredible Years och Triple P, familjestödsprogrammet Family Check-Up samt skolprogrammen Good Behavior Game, Coping Power, Coping with Stress och FRIENDS. Effekterna är med få undantag små. Studierna är utförda i andra länder. Eftersom effekterna sannolikt varierar med sociala och kulturella sammanhang är det oklart i vilken utsträckning som programmen kan överföras till Sverige med bibehållen effekt. Programmen kan också behöva anpassas så att de överensstämmer med svenska värderingar och syn på barns rätt. - I Sverige används ett hundratal olika program för att förebygga psykisk ohälsa hos barn, i huvudsak av utagerande typ. Inget av dem har utvärderats i Sverige i randomiserade studier med minst sex månaders uppföljning. Programmen De otroliga åren (översatt från Incredible Years), Triple P och Family Check-Up har enligt internationella studier begränsat vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Programmen KOMET, COPE, SET, StegVis, Beardslees familjeintervention, Connect och DISA har undersökts i minst en kontrollerad studie vardera men har inte tillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd för förebyggande effekt. Övriga program som används i Sverige är inte vetenskapligt utprövade som preventionsprogram. - Program som bygger på att ungdomar med utagerande problem träffas i grupp kan öka risken för normbrytande beteenden. Andra negativa effekter för såväl program för utagerande som för inåtvända problem är tänkbara men ofullständigt belysta. - Det behövs randomiserade studier som undersöker om de program som används har förebyggande effekt i svenska populationer och inte medför risker. Det behövs också hälsoekonomiska studier som undersöker om programmen är kostnadseffektiva.
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| 28. |
- Aspvall, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Från datorernas värld
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nämnaren. - 0348-2723. ; 34:2, s. 44-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Axelsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The genetic consequences of dog breed formation-Accumulation of deleterious genetic variation and fixation of mutations associated with myxomatous mitral valve disease in cavalier King Charles spaniels
- 2021
-
Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 17:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selective breeding for desirable traits in strictly controlled populations has generated an extraordinary diversity in canine morphology and behaviour, but has also led to loss of genetic variation and random entrapment of disease alleles. As a consequence, specific diseases are now prevalent in certain breeds, but whether the recent breeding practice led to an overall increase in genetic load remains unclear. Here we generate whole genome sequencing (WGS) data from 20 dogs per breed from eight breeds and document a similar to 10% rise in the number of derived alleles per genome at evolutionarily conserved sites in the heavily bottlenecked cavalier King Charles spaniel breed (cKCs) relative to in most breeds studied here. Our finding represents the first clear indication of a relative increase in levels of deleterious genetic variation in a specific breed, arguing that recent breeding practices probably were associated with an accumulation of genetic load in dogs. We then use the WGS data to identify candidate risk alleles for the most common cause for veterinary care in cKCs-the heart disease myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). We verify a potential link to MMVD for candidate variants near the heart specific NEBL gene in a dachshund population and show that two of the NEBL candidate variants have regulatory potential in heartderived cell lines and are associated with reduced NEBL isoform nebulette expression in papillary muscle (but not in mitral valve, nor in left ventricular wall). Alleles linked to reduced nebulette expression may hence predispose cKCs and other breeds to MMVD via loss of papillary muscle integrity.
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| 30. |
- Balciuniene, Jorune, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for digenic inheritance of nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss in a Swedish family
- 1998
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 63:3, s. 786-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated a Swedish family with nonsyndromic progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Thirteen candidate loci for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss were tested for linkage in this family. We found significant LOD scores (>3) for markers at candidate locus DFNA12 (11q22-q24) and suggestive LOD scores (>2) for markers at locus DFNA2 (1p32). Our results for markers on chromosome 11 narrowed down the candidate region for the DFNA12 locus. A detailed analysis of the phenotypes and haplotypes shared by the affected individuals supported the notion that two genes segregated together with hearing impairment in the family. Severely affected family members had haplotypes linked to the disease allele on both chromosomes 1 and 11, whereas individuals with milder hearing loss had haplotypes linked to the disease allele on either chromosome 1 or chromosome 11. These observations suggest an additive effect of two genes, each gene resulting in a mild and sometimes undiagnosed phenotype, but both together resulting in a more severe phenotype.
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| 31. |
- Bartonek, Asa, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of heel lifts during standing in children with motor disorders
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Gait & Posture. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-6362 .- 1879-2219. ; 34:3, s. 426-431
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heel wedges may influence standing posture but how and to what extent are unknown. Thirty-two children with motor disorders - 16 with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and 16 with cerebral palsy (CP) - and 19 control children underwent a three-dimensional motion analysis. Unassisted standing during 20s with shoes only and with heel lifts of 10,20 and 30 mm heights was recorded in a randomized order. The more weight-bearing limb or the right limb was chosen for analysis. In both the AMC and CP groups, significant changes were seen between various heel lifts in ankle, knee and pelvis, and in the control group in the ankle only. Between orthosis and non-orthosis users significant differences were seen between different heel lift conditions in ankle, knee and trunk in the AMC group and in the ankle in the CP group. Pelvis position changed toward less anterior tilt with increasing heel height, but led to increasing knee flexion in most of the children, except for the AMC Non-Ort group. Children with AMC and CP represent different motor disorders, but the heel wedges had a similar influence on pelvis, hip and knee positions in all children with CP and in the AMC orthosis users. A challenge is to apply heel heights adequate to each individual's orthopaedic and neurologic conditions to improve biomechanical alignment with respect to all body segments.
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| 32. |
- Bauch, Thilo, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
High critical temperature superconductor Josephson junctions for quantum circuit applications
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Physica Scripta. ; T137, s. 014006-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent findings of macroscopic quantum properties in high critical temperature superconductor (HTS) Josephson junctions (JJs) point toward the need to revise the role of zero energy quasi-particles in this novel superconductor. We will discuss the possibility of designing superconducting artificial atoms in a transmon configuration to study the low energy excitation spectra of HTS. We have engineered high quality grain boundary JJs on low dielectric constant substrates. By fabricating submicron junctions, we extract values of capacitance and Josephson critical current densities that satisfy the main transmon design requirements. Moreover, the measured critical current noise power extrapolated at 1 Hz gives a dephasing time of 25 ns, which indicates that the observation of macroscopic quantum coherent effects in HTS JJ is a feasible task.
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| 33. |
- Berglund, Eva C., et al.
(författare)
-
Genome dynamics of Bartonella grahamii in micro-populations of woodland rodents
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 11, s. 152-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Rodents represent a high-risk reservoir for the emergence of new human pathogens. The recent completion of the 2.3 Mb genome of Bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent blood-borne bacteria in wild rodents, revealed a higher abundance of genes for host-cell interaction systems than in the genomes of closely related human pathogens. The sequence variability within the global B. grahamii population was recently investigated by multi locus sequence typing, but no study on the variability of putative host-cell interaction systems has been performed. Results: To study the population dynamics of B. grahamii, we analyzed the genomic diversity on a whole-genome scale of 27 B. grahamii strains isolated from four different species of wild rodents in three geographic locations separated by less than 30 km. Even using highly variable spacer regions, only 3 sequence types were identified. This low sequence diversity contrasted with a high variability in genome content. Microarray comparative genome hybridizations identified genes for outer surface proteins, including a repeated region containing the fha gene for filamentous hemaggluttinin and a plasmid that encodes a type IV secretion system, as the most variable. The estimated generation times in liquid culture medium for a subset of strains ranged from 5 to 22 hours, but did not correlate with sequence type or presence/absence patterns of the fha gene or the plasmid. Conclusion: Our study has revealed a geographic microstructure of B. grahamii in wild rodents. Despite near-identity in nucleotide sequence, major differences were observed in gene presence/absence patterns that did not segregate with host species. This suggests that genetically similar strains can infect a range of different hosts.
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| 34. |
- Berglund, Eva C., et al.
(författare)
-
Run-off replication of host-adaptability genes is associated with gene transfer agents in the genome of mouse-infecting Bartonella grahamii
- 2009
-
Ingår i: PLoS genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 5:7, s. e1000546-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genus Bartonella comprises facultative intracellular bacteria adapted to mammals, including previously recognized and emerging human pathogens. We report the 2,341,328 bp genome sequence of Bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent Bartonella species in wild rodents. Comparative genomics revealed that rodent-associated Bartonella species have higher copy numbers of genes for putative host-adaptability factors than the related human-specific pathogens. Many of these gene clusters are located in a highly dynamic region of 461 kb. Using hybridization to a microarray designed for the B. grahamii genome, we observed a massive, putatively phage-derived run-off replication of this region. We also identified a novel gene transfer agent, which packages the bacterial genome, with an over-representation of the amplified DNA, in 14 kb pieces. This is the first observation associating the products of run-off replication with a gene transfer agent. Because of the high concentration of gene clusters for host-adaptation proteins in the amplified region, and since the genes encoding the gene transfer agent and the phage origin are well conserved in Bartonella, we hypothesize that these systems are driven by selection. We propose that the coupling of run-off replication with gene transfer agents promotes diversification and rapid spread of host-adaptability factors, facilitating host shifts in Bartonella.
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| 35. |
- Bergqvist, Björn, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of microwave radiation on permeability of liposomes. Evidence against non-thermal leakage
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8006 .- 0304-4165. ; 1201:1, s. 51-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the permeability of unilamellar phosphatidylcholine liposomes has been studied. Leakage of 5(6)-calboxyfluorescein from the liposomes was measured using spectrofluorimetry after exposure to either microwaves or thermal heating for 5-20 min intervals. The exposure temperature, 37.6 +/- 0.5 degrees C, was well above the phase transition temperature of the lipid membrane. The microwave exposure did not result in any non-thermal increase in permeability above that produced by thermal heating. This study refutes the results reported by Saalman et al. [1] in which an increased liposome permeability due to microwave exposure was reported. The refined analysis in the present study shows that this increased liposome permeability was not a non-thermal microwave effect.
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| 36. |
- Bergsten, Eva L., et al.
(författare)
-
Skadefria cargo- och flygplanslastare - slutrapport
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SammanfattningArbetsmiljöprojektet Skadefria cargo- och flygplanslastare har utförts på uppdrag av Svenska Transportarbetareförbundet och Svenska Flygbranschen med syfte att kartlägga flygplanslastarnas arbetsförhållanden och att komma med förslag på förbättringsåtgärder för att minska belastningsrelaterade skador och sjukdomar i branschen.Projektledningsgruppen har bestått av fem personer: Eva Bergsten, ergonom, anställd av projektet; Erik Alphonse, projektledare, TYA; Reidar Pettersson, arbetsmiljökonsult, Arbetsmiljölotsen; Svend Erik Mathiassen, professor, Centrum för belastningsskadeforskning vid Högskolan i Gävle; och Dan Holmberg, regionalt skyddsombud, Transportarbetareförbundet.Projektet som omfattade 14 bolag (11 handling, 3 cargo) på sex flygplatser (Arlanda, Malmö, Göteborg, Växjö, Skavsta och Arvidsjaur) startades våren 2010 och avslutades våren 2012, efter en inledande pilotstudie våren 2010 som finansierades av TYA. Inom projektet har 1 039 enkäter distribuerats med frågor om psykosociala arbetsförhållanden, upplevd arbetsbelastning, trötthet och besvär. Svarsfrekvensen var 72 procent. Heldagsmätningar av arbetsställningar för rygg och armar har genomförts på 5-6 lastare per flygplats samtidigt som lastarna filmats och fyllt i dagböcker. Fokusgrupper har intervjuats och data om till exempel sjukskrivningar och olyckstillbud har samlats in från företagen.Parallellt med den vetenskapliga delen har projektet haft en praktisk del med fyra arbetsgrupper bestående av representanter från både arbetsgivar- och arbetstagarsidan. Grupperna har träffats två gånger per termin och jobbat inom områdena: I) fysisk belastning och arbetsskadestatistik, II) arbetsorganisation, schemaläggning och psykosocial arbetsmiljö, III) hjälpmedel och metoder samt IV) utbildning och utveckling.Våra resultat visar att besvärsfrekvenserna i muskler och leder är relativt höga. Det finns arbetsmoment i lastaryrket som är ogynnsamma och som ökar risken för besvär, framför allt i axlar/skuldra, rygg och handleder/händer. De arbetsuppgifter som en lastare har skiljer sig inte så mycket åt mellan de olika flygplatserna, men det finns betydande skillnader i hur ofta och hur länge uppgifterna förekommer. Vid vissa flygplatser är således flyglastararbetet mera varierat än vid andra, vilket förmodligen har en betydelse för risken att utveckla besvär.Överlag fanns det hjälpmedel för de mest belastande arbetsmomenten, men också brister i hur dessa används.Inom den psykosociala arbetsmiljön visade projektet på ett behov av att förbättra ledarskapet och lastarnas inflytande i planering och genomförande av det egna arbetet. Bättre feedback i form av stöd och uppmuntran från ledare efterfrågades också.Arbetsgrupperna, som löpande delgavs resultaten från den vetenskapliga kartläggningen, utvecklade i enlighet med projektets målsättning ett antal åtgärdsförslag, med stöd i kartläggningen. Förslagen, som presenteras i denna rapport, är av generell natur. Flera av förslagen omfattar ett flertal möjliga delåtgärder och initiativ, som naturligtvis måste anpassas för och prioriteras av det enskilda bolaget utifrån dess egna förutsättningar. Mot bakgrund av våra projektresultat vill vi dock generellt rekommendera samtliga bolag att lägga en viss prioritet på de psykosociala arbetsförhållandena i sitt förbättringsarbete. Det fanns även uppenbara möjligheter att förbättra den fysiska belastningsprofilen, särskilt genom att bredda arbetsinnehållet på vissa flygplatser, och genom en mera effektiv användning av tekniska hjälpmedel. Samtidigt är det viktigt att framhålla att lastaryrket även har många goda sidor i form av ett rörligt och spännande arbete med ett bra socialt klimat.Vår bedömning är att de förslag till förändringar i arbetsmiljö och arbetsvillkor som föreslås i denna rapport skulle leda till en bättre arbetsmiljö men sannolikt också kunna påverka effektiviteten i arbetet i positiv riktning.Projektet Skadefria cargo- och flygplanlastare är föremål för en avhandling vilket betyder att vidare analyser av insamlade data kommer att ske. Resultaten kommer framöver att publiceras i vetenskapliga tidsskrifter.
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| 37. |
- Bergström Lind, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Immunoaffinity Enrichments Followed by Mass Spectrometric Detection for Studying Global Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Proteome Research. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1535-3893 .- 1535-3907. ; 7:7, s. 2897-2910
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphorylation of protein tyrosine residues regulates important cell functions and is, when dysregulated, often crucially involved in oncogenesis. It is therefore important to develop and evaluate methods for identifying and studying tyrosine phosphorylated (P-Tyr) proteins. P-Tyr proteins are present at very low concentrations within cells, requiring highly selective enrichment methods to be detected. In this study, we applied immunoaffinity as enrichment step for P-Tyr proteins. Five selected anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies (monoclonal antibodies 4G10, PY100, PYKD1, 13F9 and one polyclonal antiserum) were evaluated with respect to their capability to enrich P-Tyr proteins from cell extracts of the K562 leukemia cell line. The enrichment resulted in the detection of a group of proteins that potentially were tyrosine-phosphorylated (putative P-Tyr proteins). High accuracy identification of actual P-Tyr sites were performed using a highly selective and sensitive liquid chromatography Fourier transform mass spectrometer (LC-FTMS) setup with complementary collision activated dissociation (CAD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD) fragmentations. 4G10 and PY100 antibodies recognized the greatest number of putative P-Tyr proteins in initial screening experiments and were therefore further evaluated and compared in immunoaffinity enrichment of both P-Tyr proteins and peptides. Using the 4G10 antibody for enrichment of proteins, we identified 459 putative P-Tyr proteins by MS. Out of these proteins, 12 were directly verified as P-Tyr proteins by MS analysis of the actual site. Using the PY100 antibody for enrichment of peptides, we detected 67 P-Tyr peptides (sites) and 89 putative P-Tyr proteins. Generally, enrichment at the peptide level made it difficult to reliably determine the identity of the proteins. In contrast, protein identification following immunoaffinity enrichment at the protein level gave greater sequence coverage and thus a higher confidence in the protein identification. By combining all available information, 40 proteins were identified as true P-Tyr proteins from the K562 cell line. In conclusion, this study showed that a combination of immunoaffinity enrichment using multiple antibodies of both intact and digested proteins in parallel experiments is required for best possible coverage of all possible P-Tyr proteins in a sample.
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| 38. |
- Bjarsch, Carin, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Söka & värdera. Nätbaserad introduktion till informationssökning och informationshantering
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med rapporten är att berätta om projektgruppens arbete med att utveckla webbkursen Söka & värdera: Grundkurs i informationssökning och informationshantering. Målgrupp för webbkursen är alla nyantagna studenter vid Göteborgs universitet. Nya studenter kommer till GU med varierande kunskaper i informationssökning och informationshantering. Idag når bibliotekets undervisning långt ifrån alla studenter. En kurs på webben ger ökad flexibilitet och tillgänglighet och därmed möjlighet att nå fler studenter. Söka & värdera syftar till att lägga en gemensam kunskapsgrund för nyantagna studenter vad gäller informationssökning och informationshantering. Kursen fungerar också som utgångspunkt för universitetsbibliotekets fortsatta, ämnesanpassade fördjupningskurser. Därmed får studenterna möjlighet att rusta sig bättre för sina högskolestudier. Ett effektmål blir alltså att kursen bidrar till att höja kvaliteten i grundutbildningen och underlättar genomströmningen. Kursinnehållet täcker de generiska kompetenser som omfattas av Högskolelagen och som brukar sammanfattas som informationskompetens: förmågan att söka, kritiskt värdera och (etiskt) hantera information. Webbkursen är också en del av universitetsbibliotekets arbete med GU:s handlingsplan mot fusk/plagiering. Webbkursen lanserades i september 2011 och har sedan dess presenterats i flera sammanhang och fått ett positivt mottagande. Dessutom har fyra studentgrupper fått testa och utvärdera kursen. Kursen Söka & värdera gör det möjligt för institutioner/fakulteter att försäkra sig om att alla studenter erbjuds möjlighet att tillägna sig grundläggande kunskaper om informationssökning, informationshantering och akademisk hederlighet. För att nå alla nya studenter vid Göteborgs universitet behövs ett GU-gemensamt beslut att göra kursen obligatorisk.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Bodin, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Olika perspektiv på föremål. Materiell kultur hos obesuttna ca 1900
- 2005
-
Ingår i: META: Medeltidsarkeologisk tidskrift. - 0348-7903. ; :1, s. 3-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper an excavation of a croft from the late 19th - early 20th century is presented. The artefact-material material i discussed and compared with information from contomporary written record. The artefact material and the writte documents yielded different kinds of information.
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| 42. |
- Bruce, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Physical Tuning of Cellulose-Polymer Interactions Utilizing Cationic Block Copolymers Based on PCL and Quaternized PDMAEMA
- 2013
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the aim was to prepare and evaluate a block copolymer that can be used as a compatabilizer in cellulose fiber-reinforced biocomposites. It as an amphiphilic block copolymer consisting of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), made with ring-opening polymerization (ROP), and a shorter segment of poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) that was synthesized with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The PDMAEMA-part was made in one single length, while the PCL-part was varied in three different lengths; in total were three block copolymers prepared. In the last step of the synthesis, the PDMAEMA-part was quaternized that turns it into a cationically charged chain – a polyelectrolyte. The block copolymers were then able to form cationic micelles in water, from where they can adsorb, under mild conditions, to anionic surfaces such as silicon oxide and cellulose-model surfaces. This provides the surface with a more hydrophobic character shown with contact angle measurements. Finally, with atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements, it was demonstrated that there is a clear entanglement behavior obtained between the block copolymers and a PCL surface at about 60 °C, which is of importance for the information regarding the adhesive interface in a future biocomposite.
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| 43. |
- Bruce, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Preparation and evaluation of a block copolymer compatibilizer for biocomposite applications
- 2012
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the concept of using a free polymer as a compatibilzer in biocomposite applications has been evaluated with focus on the polymer poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), commonly used in conventional grafting onto/from cellulose. A block copolymer consisting of PCL and a shorter segment of poly(di(methylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) was made combining ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The length of the PDMAEMA-part was kept constant, and the PCL-part was varied in three different lengths, yielding three separate block copolymers. As a final step, the PDMAEMA-part was quaternized, which resulted in cationically charged chains –polyelectrolytes. The charged part could then be used as an electrostatic linker allowing the PDMAEMA-PCL copolymer to be adsorbed onto negatively charged cellulose model surfaces. Finally, these cellulose model surfaces were evaluated regarding for example amount of polymer adsorbed and hydrophobic character, investigated with techniques such as quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and contact angle measurements.
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| 44. |
- Bruce, Carl, et al.
(författare)
-
Preparation and evaluation of well-defined di- and triblock copolymers based on poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] and poly(ε-caprolactone)
- 2014
-
Ingår i: ACS National Meeting.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, di- and triblock copolymers based on poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) have been prepared. The PDMAEMA length was kept constant for both di- and triblock copolymers, while in the diblock copolymers the PCL length was varied in three different lengths, yielding three separate block copolymers. For the triblock blockcopolymers, on the other hand, also the PCL blocks were of the same length yielding one ABA- and one BAB-type block copolymer. In the next step, the PDMAEMA-part was quaternized to yield polyelectrolytes with either one or two charged block(s). In the final step, difference in adsorption behavior onto a negatively charged cellulose surface and subsequent alteration of surface properties was investigated. Overall, the polymers were evaluated in solid state, in solution, in water dispersion, and on cellulose surfaces with techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, size exclusion chromatography, dynamic light scattering and quartz crystal microbalance.
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| 45. |
- Carlsson, C.A., et al.
(författare)
-
An instrument for measuring ambient dose equivalent, H*(10)
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Radiation Protection Dosimetry. - 0144-8420 .- 1742-3406. ; 67:1, s. 33-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design and calibration of a small and simple instrument for measuring the ambient dose equivalent, H*(10), in photon fields is described. Comprising a thermoluminescence LiF dosemeter inside a 20 mm diameter PMMA sphere, it is capable of measuring the ambient dose equivalent with a nearly isotropic response. In the interval 0.1-100 mSv and for the energy range 30 keV to 1.25 MeV the energy response is within -31% and +15% relative to that of 137Cs gamma radiation (662 keV). In practical use, it is therefore sufficient to calibrate the instrument in a 137Cs gamma field using the corresponding conversion coefficient H*(10)/Kair taken from tabulations. The possibility of using the instrument to monitor the ambient dose equivalent for energies above 1.25 MeV is discussed and indicates that the range of applicability can be extended to 4.4 MeV with an energy response within -10% relative to 662 keV.
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| 46. |
- Carlsson, Eva, 1959, et al.
(författare)
-
Communicative and pedagogical strategies in nurses' and surgeons' discharge consultations with patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 74:12, s. 2840-2850
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To describe the structure, content, and the communicative and pedagogic strategies in discharge consultations between patients and professionals after colorectal cancer surgery. Background Both nurses and surgeons play an important role in preparing patients for discharge from hospital following surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). Design An explorative quantitative and qualitative research based on analysis of transcriptions of 13 audio-taped discharge consultations between patients and nurses and patients and surgeons conducted between January - March 2012. Methods In the quantitative analysis, the structure of each consultation was described in phases, subtopics, and main topics. The proportion of the main topics in relation to the whole conversation was counted in percentages. The text from the consultations was then analysed qualitatively with the support from Ricoeur's theory of interpretation. Results The language constituted the essence in the consultations regardless of other communicative and pedagogical strategies. The pedagogic strategies used were explanation model, information transfer, task orientation, and dialogue. Topics occurring in the consultations were Operation, Symptoms, Medication, Thromboprophylaxis, Recovery after surgery, Bowel function, Spreading, and Follow-up. The surgeons and nurses used similar topics, but the surgeons used more communicative and pedagogic strategies. Conclusion Language was fundamental for communication and independent of the communicative and pedagogical strategies. Using preparedness communication more consistent in discharge consultation can help patients to better understand the recovery process after CRC surgery and regain control over their life. It is important that the consultations build on the patient as an active and learning person.
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| 47. |
- Carlsson, Eva, 1959, et al.
(författare)
-
Development and validation of the preparedness for Colorectal Cancer Surgery Questionnaire: PCSQ-pre 24
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 25, s. 24-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The aims of the study were to develop and psychometrically evaluate a patient-reported outcome instrument for the measurement of preoperative preparedness in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. Methods This study was conducted in two stages: a) instrument development (item generation, construction of items and domains), empirical verification and b) instrument evaluation. A questionnaire with 28 items measuring preparedness for surgery was developed covering four domains and was tested for content validity with an expert panel and with patients. Psychometric testing of the questionnaire was conducted on 240 patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer. Results The scale content validity index of the preparedness items was 0.97. The final version consisted of 24 items measuring 4 subscales: Searching for and making use of information, Understanding and involvement in the care process, Making sense of the recovery process and Support and access to medical care. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good model fit with standardized factor loadings ranging from 0.58 to 0.97. A well-fitting second-order factor model provided support for a total preparedness score with second-order factor loadings ranging from 0.75 to 0.93. The ordinal alpha values of the four latent factors ranged from 0.92 to 0.96, indicating good internal consistency. The polyserial correlations with the total score were 0.64 (p<0.01) for the overall preparedness question and 0.37 (p<0.01) for overall well-being. Conclusion The Swedish Preparedness for Colorectal Cancer Surgery Questionnaire for use in the preoperative phase demonstrated good psychometric properties based on a sound conceptualization of preparedness. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Carlsson, Eva, 1959, et al.
(författare)
-
Structure and content in consultations with patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer
- 2013
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 17:6, s. 820-826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore the structure and content of pre-planned consultations as part of the care and treatment of patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. Methods: The study was based on 50 transcripts of audio-recorded pre-planned consultations between seven patients and 36 healthcare professionals from the time of diagnosis, pre-operative consultation, discharge consultation and pathology report in a colorectal unit. Results: The spread of consultation time between professions was considerable. Total mean consultation time for patients during the care process (7 consultations/patient) was 111 mm (range 83-191). The mean consultation time for surgeons was 18 min (7-40), anaesthesiologists 12 min (5-18) and nurses 14 min (5-49). Patients took up 40% of the word space, healthcare professionals used 59% and significant others 1%. Word space changed in such a way that the patient became more active towards the final consultation. Neither during the diagnosis consultation nor during the pre-operative consultation did the patients meet the operating surgeon. Six major subjects emerged: general health, diagnosis, surgical procedure, pre-operative preparations, recovery and treatment and follow-up. Conclusions: There is a need for clearer structure in the consultations. Most consultations lacked a clear introduction to the subject of the conversation. The study makes it possible to develop methods and structure for supporting conversations in which the patient is given space to help with the difficult issues present after undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. The study also contributes to providing knowledge of how to organise surgical consultations in order to optimise person-centeredness, teamwork and clinical efficiency. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 50. |
- Cedergren, Karin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Biepitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-x 0-pi Josephson junctions
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Superconductor Science and Technology. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-2048 .- 1361-6668. ; 23:3, s. Article Number: 034027-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present measurements performed on YBa2Cu3O7-x '0' and '0-pi' Josephson junctions fabricated using the biepitaxial technique with SrTiO3 as substrate and CeO2 as seed layer. Measurements of the critical current as a function of external magnetic field clearly show complementary behavior of the two kinds of junctions. Our results unambiguously show that the d-wave nature of the order parameter dominates the current transport across the junctions despite the faceting on the microscale along the grain boundary line.
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