| 1. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Between Private Interests and the State : Corporatist Strategies in the Swedish Railway Council, 1902–67
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Transport History. - : Sage Publications. - 0022-5266 .- 1759-3999. ; 36:2, s. 151-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the strategies employed by the Swedish RailwayCouncil to influence national railway policy from 1902 to 1967. The Council was a corporatist arrangement and functioned as a broker betweenindustrial and regional interests and the public railways. The resultsshow that though the Council's policy influence in many cases wasmarginal, there were occasions when the members could use the Council asa tool to influence railway policy, most notably the division of thenetwork into profitable and unprofitable lines, with different forms ofgovernment subsidies. The Council's influence gained from a shift inarguments from that tariffs should be high enough to deliver a return onthe invested capital, to an emphasis on having tariffs that could supportnational and regional economic development, even if it created commerciallosses. When Swedish transport policy shifted in the 1960s, the Railway Council gradually lost its importance and eventually dissolved.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Between private interests and the state : corporatist strategies in the Swedish railway council, 1902-1967
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport History. - : Sage Publications. - 0022-5266 .- 1759-3999. ; 36:2, s. 151-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the strategies employed by the Swedish Railway Council to influence national railway policy from 1902 to 1967. The Council was a corporatist arrangement and functioned as a broker between industrial and regional interests and the public railways. The results show that though the Council's policy influence in many cases was marginal, there were occasions when the members could use the Council as a tool to influence railway policy, most notably the division of the network into profitable and unprofitable lines, with different forms of government subsidies. The Council's influence increased through a shift in arguments, from a position that tariffs should be high enough to deliver a return on the invested capital, to an emphasis on having tariffs that could support national and regional economic development, even if it created commercial losses. When Swedish transport policy shifted in the 1960s, the Railway Council gradually lost its importance and eventually dissolved.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Fredrik, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The vision thing : Actors, decision-making and lock-in effects in Swedish road safety policy since the 1990s
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigates the introduction of and consequences of the “Vision Zero” (Nollvisionen) that was part of a law passed in 1997 and called for a radical reduction of deaths caused by road traffic. We try to answer the question why the Vision Zero has failed to reach its goals for the last ten years. The introduction of the Vision Zero can be explained with a combination of changes in traffic policy and welfare policy, together with a reorganization of the transport sector that created new opportunities for old interest groups. Our main conclusion is that the strong idealistic and visionary political goals in the Vision Zero are in line with a Swedish tradition of over-arching visionary national goals for the transport sector in general. Idealistic goals suppressed critical objections, but at the same time there were insufficient resources for investments and lack of approval for the policy from actors within the sector, which can create lock-in effects and actually prevent effective policies from being implemented. This might explain the relative ineffectiveness of the policy, and the slim chances of the Vision Zero to ever being achieved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bondelind, Mia, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Setting Up a Numerical Model of a DAF Tank: Turbulence, Geometry, and Bubble Size
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE. - 0733-9372. ; 136:12, s. 1424-1434
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the modeling framework and identifies a number of parameters relevant when setting up a computational fluid dynamics simulation of a dissolved air flotation (DAF) tank. The selection of a turbulence model, the choice between performing two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) simulations, the effects of the design of the flow geometry and the influence of the size of the air bubbles are addressed in the paper. The two-phase flow of air and water is solved in the Eulerian-Lagrangian frame of reference. The realizable k- model with nonequilibrium wall functions is suggested as a compromise between a need to effectively resolve the flow and the cost of the simulations. There is a discussion on the conditions for which the steady-state simulations are appropriate. We demonstrate that a steady 2D model can simulate a stratified flow pattern. Our results show that 2D models require adjustments in geometry (e.g., substitution of the outlet pipes to an outlet distributed over the total width of the tank) and in the parameters governing the flow in order to account for the true 3D nature of some of the flow patterns. In addition, we show that the bubble size has a larger influence on the flow in the separation zone than in the contact zone.
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| 6. |
- Bondelind, Mia, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Single- and two-phase numerical models of Dissolved Air Flotation: Comparison of 2D and 3D simulations
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4359 .- 0927-7757. ; 365:1-3, s. 137-144
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work single- and two-phase flow numerical models of a pilot DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) tank are presented. In the latter framework, the mixture in the tank consists of water and air bubbles. The motion of air bubbles is resolved within the Lagrangian frame of reference. Interaction between bubbles is neglected in the present model. To account for turbulence in the tank, the realizable k– model is selected as a compromise between a need to correctly resolve the flow and the computational cost of the calculations. To validate the numerical simulations the results are compared with experimental results of an independent research group.The paper discusses the choice between performing two (2D)- or three-dimensional (3D) simulations of a flotation process. Our simulations show that a 3D hydrodynamic model of the flow pattern can well reproduce the single-phase flow in the pilot tank. Despite the major changes in the flow pattern that occur when the second phase (air bubbles) is introduced, the validated single-phase model provides a useful tool in the process of setting up the two-phase model. We show in the paper that a 2D two-phase model cannot resolve successfully the flow in the contact zone, whereas major flow characteristics in the separation zone can, to some extent, be described by a 2D approach (e.g. the stratification of the flow). In addition, two-phase simulations demonstrate that a 3D model is sensitive to the distribution of air and water from the needle valves, which, in turn, influences the stability of the solution obtained.
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| 7. |
- Chuquimia, Olga D., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular analyses of fecal bacteria and hydrodynamic modeling for microbial risk assessment of a drinking water source
- 2020
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Ingår i: Water (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4441 .- 2073-4441. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safe water is a global concern, and methods to accurately monitor quality of water are vital. To assess the risks related to bacterial pathogen load in Lake Vomb that provides drinking water to the southern part of Sweden, this study combined molecular analyses of enterobacteria and bacterial pathogens in water using quantitiative real-time PCR with hydrodynamic modeling and quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). A real-time PCR assay to detect enterobacteria was set up by primers targeting ssrA. Between February 2015 and May 2016, presence of ssrA gene copies as well as Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and EHEC O157 DNA was analyzed by real-time PCR at several locations in the catchment of Lake Vomb and its tributaries Bjorkaan, Borstbacken, and Torpsbacken. Bjorkaan had the highest detected concentrations of the ssrA gene and, according to the results of hydrodynamic modeling, contributed most to the contamination of the water intake in the lake. None of the water samples were positive for genes encoding EHEC O157 and Campylobacter spp., while invA (Salmonella spp.) was present in 11 samples. The QMRA showed that the suggested acceptable risk level (daily probability of infection <2.7 x 10-7) is achieved with a 95% probability, if the Salmonella concentrations in the water intake are below 101 bacteria/100 mL. If a UV-disinfection step is installed, the Salmonella concentration at the water intake should not exceed 106 bacteria/100 mL.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Adapting to liberalization : government procurement of interregional passenger transports in Sweden, 1989–2008
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport Geography. - : Elsevier. - 0966-6923 .- 1873-1236. ; 24, s. 182-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how the last two decades of Swedish deregulation and liberalization of railwaysand airlines have affected the government procurement of interregional passenger transports in sparselypopulated areas. Regarding railways, our investigation shows that the area traditionally targeted forregional policy received in 2008 slightly more government procured traffic in personal kilometers perpopulation share than in 1989. As for civil aviation, the number of passengers travelling between theStockholm-Arlanda airport and airports in the regional development area had increased substantiallyduring the same period. This continuity of territorial cohesion suggests that while the new procurementpolicies were based on a general ambition to deregulate and liberalize the markets, they still allowed for areproduction and assimilation of certain elements in the previous policy.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Fredriksson, Åsa, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of aging and reproduction on protein quality control in soma and gametes of Drosophila melanogaster
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Aging Cell. - : Wiley. - 1474-9718. ; 11:4, s. 634-643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In organisms with a somagerm demarcation, the germline must be preserved such that harmful damage is not transmitted to the offspring. Keeping the progeny free of damage may be achieved by gametes enjoying elevated, and/or more functional, homeostatic maintenance systems. This possibility was approached here by testing whether the soma and maturating oocytes (eggs) dissected from female Drosophila melanogaster in reproductive ages display differential capacities for protein quality control and whether these capacities change during aging and mating. Eggs exhibited a high capacity to prevent protein aggregation, strong capacity for 26S proteasome-dependent degradation and reduced levels of oxidatively damaged (carbonylated) proteins compared to the soma. The capacity to prevent protein aggregation was not affected in either soma or eggs by age and/or mating, while the 26S proteasome capacity declined in the soma but was maintained in the eggs of aged females. However, the levels of carbonylated proteins increased with age in both soma and eggs, and this increase was more pronounced in females allowed to mate continuously. Furthermore, the levels of carbonylated proteins in the eggs of mated flies correlated negatively with the propensity of the eggs to develop into an adult fly. In young flies, mating caused a decrease in 26S proteasome capacity and an increase in protein carbonylation in the soma, but not in the eggs. These results are in line with trade-off theories of aging where aging is considered a consequence of investment in reproduction over somatic maintenance.
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| 11. |
- Jacobsson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Förtidsbörd största perinatala problemet [Preterm delivery an overview on epidemiology, pathophysiology and consequences for the individual and the society]
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 116
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preterm delivery in Sweden constitutes 5.7 % of all deliveries, which is among the lowest rates in the world. There has not been any increase in the proportion of iatrogenic preterm deliveries during the last decades.The main hypothesis concerning the causality of preterm delivery is still that of the ascending infection from the vagina to the uterus and inflammation resulting in contractions, rupture of membranes and delivery. The mechanisms behind parturition at term are still elusive and this is also true for preterm delivery. The genetic contribution to preterm delivery is about 25-30 %. The first genes that are associated with preterm delivery and gestational duration have recently been published. Huge progress has been made in care of preterm born infants. Sweden has among the lowest rates of mortality and morbidity in the world, especially in the lowest gestational weeks. New modes of care, family-centered care and hospital-assisted home care, have empowered the parents and reduced the cost for care.
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| 12. |
- Lantz, Gunnar, 1984-
(författare)
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An indirect route to equality : taxing consumers to build the Swedish welfare state
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The question of who paid for the welfare state in postwar Sweden has been subject to extensive debate. Many have focused on the comparatively high, and steeply progressive, taxes on income. Others have claimed that low and middle earners paid disproportionately more, pointing to the comparatively high revenue share of value added tax (VAT) for instance. No convincing assessment has been made of the extent to which consumption taxes counteracted the progressivity of income taxes. The thesis presents new estimates based on tax assessments and household surveys, which show that consumption taxes did offset tax progressivity considerably. Moreover, they were important even before the VAT. There was not a sharp break, but a gradual transition from excise and customs duties to general sales tax to VAT. The VAT meant a shifting of the weight more towards the lower end of the income distribution.This insight begs the question of what caused such a fiscal arrangement. What made postwar Sweden’s labour governments favour a tax that fell disproportionately on low earners, a core part of their constituency? Through an analysis of policy documents, the author shows that the governing Social Democrats were well aware of the dilemma. The party leaders used general consumption taxes explicitly as a ‘lesser evil’ component in a strategy for expanding the public sector and welfare systems. That aspect has previously been neglected when telling the story of this formative era. The thesis demonstrates that it deserves to be brought into a central place in that story.Corporatism remains a valid explanatory factor. The business community had an influence on determining the details of the general sales tax, albeit not the overall level. Tax reliefs on certain important inputs such as building materials and were granted after a series of appeals. The author argues that the transition from sales tax to VAT can be seen as a final solution to these protests about business inputs being unfairly taxed. The will of the domestic business community was of a more immediate importance for the switch to VAT than any potential tendency of compliance towards supranational organisations such as the EEC pushing the government to follow their edicts concerning VAT, as has otherwise been suggested.The political left in Sweden was initially against the general sales tax because of its burden on low earners. The political right opposed the general sales tax because it would increase the overall tax take, and risked becoming an all too convenient revenue machine for the government. The left changed position and began framing it as a tool for realising welfare state expansion. The right reframed it as a tool for keeping the progressivity of taxation down.
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| 13. |
- Lindgren, Eva, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Driving from the center to the periphery? : The diffusion of private cars in Sweden, 1960-1975
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport History. - : Manchester University Press. - 0022-5266 .- 1759-3999. ; 31:2, s. 164-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diffusion of private cars in Sweden has not yet been examined in a national long-run perspective covering all individuals. This article enquires whether the diffusion of private cars followed the overall socioeconomic and geographical changes in Sweden from 1960 to 1975. In particular, it asks if ownership per capita followed changes in incomes or changes in population density (urbanisation). In the 1960s Swedish traffic and regional policy aimed at making the car an instrument of national integration and regional equality, and making it available throughout the country. This article tracks the effects of that policy. The analysis is based on Swedish parish-scale census material that includes all car owners for the years 1960, 1970 and 1975. The conclusion is that income levels were more important than other explanations for the diffusion of private cars in Sweden between 1960 and 1975. National policy goals regarding cars as means of regional integration and equalisation were not fulfilled up to 1975.
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| 14. |
- Lindgren, Eva, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Two Sides of the same Coin? : Private car ownership in Sweden and Norway since 1950
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Routledge. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 57:2, s. 172-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norwegian private car density has lagged behind the Swedish and did not reach same national levels until the late 1980s, despite the same GDP per capita levels. Can both the time lag and the diffusion process be explained with national differences in income, institutions, infrastructure and population settlements? Or have regional differences in income and population density affected the outcome? The aim of this article is to compare car diffusion in Norway and Sweden in order to find explanations for the national and regional patterns of car diffusion. The conclusion is that car diffusion in Norway and Sweden displays two sides of same coin; the national levels converged, but the process did not follow the same regional pattern. Regional differences in income and population density have in general been a significant explanation for car density in Sweden, but not in Norway.
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| 15. |
- Mannberg, Andrea, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Do tax incentives affect households' adoption of ‘green’ cars? : A panel study of the Stockholm congestion tax
- 2014
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 74, s. 286-299
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policymakers have made several attempts to introduce local and national policies to reduce CO2 emissions and stimulate the consumer adoption of alternative fuel vehicles (ethanol/E85 cars). The purpose of this paper is to analyze how a local policy measure impacts the composition of the car fleet over time. More specifically, we take advantage of the natural experiment setting caused by the introduction of the Stockholm congestion tax (2006) to analyze how the tax affected purchases of ethanol cars that were exempted from the tax. To estimate effects, we employ a Difference-in-differences methodology. By using a comprehensive database of the car fleet and car owners, sociodemographic and geographic factors are analyzed, which is unique in the existing literature. Our results suggest that the congestion tax had a significant impact on ethanol car purchases although the effect fades away over time. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between the level of education and ethanol car purchases. Previous adoption of an ethanol car is found to be the strongest predictor of ethanol car purchases. Finally, data indicate that Stockholmers substantially increased purchases of ethanol cars half a year before the introduction of the congestion tax, which we refer to as an anticipation effect.
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| 16. |
- Mannberg, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Påverkar skatteundantag hushållens benägenhet att köpa miljöbilar? En studie av Stockholms trängselskatt
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 43:1, s. 32-39
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sedan januari 2006 är in- och ut-passage genom tullarna i Stockholm belagt med en avgift för bilister. Som ett led i riksdagens mål att helt eliminera utsläppen av växthusgaser 2050 och ha en bilpark oberoende av fossila bränslen 2030 (Regeringens proposition 2008/09:162) undantogs sk miljöbilar från trängselskatten mellan 2006 och 2009. I denna studie har vi undersökt om undantaget av miljöbilar från trängselskatten i Stockholm påverkade sannolikheten att köpa etanolbil (E85). Våra resultat visar att undantaget för etanolbilar i trängselskatten hade en signifikant effekt på etanolbilsförsäljningeni Stockholm.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Pettersson, Thomas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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A barrier to sustainable transports? : Path dependence and the Swedish tax deduction for commuting
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport History. - : Sage Publications. - 0022-5266 .- 1759-3999. ; 44:1, s. 79-98
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explore the decisions in Parliament about the Swedish tax deduction for commuting since the 1980s. The aim is to explain the continuity of the tax regulation despite several attempts from motions in Parliament and public investigations to reform it towards environmental goals, e.g., reduced emissions of CO2. When reforms have been proposed, the political majority in Parliament has regardless of political colour voted against and retreated to the original motives for the tax deduction; economic growth and the enlargement of regional labour markets. The interests of Swedish mass motorisation succeeded in finding the arguments to slow down reforms and at the same time reinforce the path dependency by adding new legitimacy to the regulation. If the attempts to reform the tax deduction had been part of a broader reform of the transport sector and the tax system, they might have succeeded in breaking with the old path.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Pettersson, Thomas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Consequences of Academic Accountability – The Implementation of a Web-Based Time Management System at a Swedish University
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2013. - Chesapeake, VA : Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education. - 9781939797056 ; , s. 1666-1681
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planning the use of university faculty time and allocating it to various commitments can be challenging since university teachers typically have a complex mix of different tasks. In this context, some Swedish universities have turned towards time management software solutions as tools for planning department activities. This paper describes the implementation of a web-based time management system at a Swedish university, and discusses its consequences for workforce planning and teachers’ workload.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Pettersson, Thomas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Hur kan forskningsmiljön och den akademiska profilen stärkas i Örnsköldsvik?
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med förstudien har varit att undersöka förutsättningarna för att stärka den akademiska profilen i Örnsköldsvik. Uppdraget kommer från Örnsköldsviks kommun, Världsklass 2015. Uppdraget har genomförts av Thomas Pettersson och Robert Sörensson vid Umeå universitet. Det har genomförts ett open space med temat forskningsmiljöer i Örnsköldsvik och en hearing med berörda intressenter. Det pågår även ett arbete med att utveckla innovationscentra. Resultaten av dessa aktiviteter bildar en utgångspunkt för denna förstudie. Förstudien visar på följande slutsatser:Det finns en bred samsyn hos olika intressen om behovet att både stärka den akademiska profileringen utåt, samt att bygga upp mötesplatser för akademiker i Örnsköldsvik.Studien visar tydligt att det finns en god grund för en stärkt akademisk profilering i Örnsköldsvik, eftersom det i kommunen finns flera olika forskningsintensiva verksamheter och totalt 95 disputerade personer verksamma. Örnsköldsvik har också en relativt hög andel akademiker av arbetskraften jämfört med 19 andra kommuner / regioner med liknande socioekonomiska förutsättningar.Studien visar på olika sätt att nå dessa målsättningar.Mötesplatser som både skapar samverkan och stärker profileringen utåt kan vara virtuella, fysiska eller en kombination av båda.Fyra olika strategier identifieras utifrån exempel i omvärlden, med fokus på virtuella, fysiska, externa eller interna mötesplatser.Förslag på studiebesök lämnas: Akademi Båstad, Strömstad akademi, Akademi norr, Innovationskontor Norr, samt exempel på en fysisk mötesplats för en specifik grupp av doktorander med placering i Örnsköldsvik.Nyckelord: demografi, utbildning, humankapital, sysselsättning, Örnsköldsvik, kluster, triple helix, innovation, forskningsmiljö.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Pettersson, Thomas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Kampen om skogsråvaran : Köpsågverkens situation i Västerbotten
- 2023
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Ingår i: Västerbotten förr & nu. - Umeå. - 2003-6698.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Köpsågverk, det vill säga relativt små privata sågverk som inte äger skog, har sedan mellankrigstiden hamnat i kläm mellan å ena sidan råvaruförsörjning och timmerpriser och å andra sidan avsättningsvillkoren på främst regionala men också nationella och internationella marknader. Utvecklingen i hela den svenska skogsindustrin präglades särskilt under 1950- och 1960-talen av hårdare internationell konkurrens som i sin tur drev fram ökad koncentration, ny produktionsteknik, samt stordriftsproduktion med större kapitalinsats. För att hantera konkurrensen har de små köpsågverken försökt organisera sina intressen för att framför allt påverka tillgång och prisnivå på råvaran. Vi vill här beskriva hur köpsågverk i Västerbotten samarbetat inom ramen för den svenska skogsindustrins utveckling mot mer kapitalintensiv produktion och en allt starkare koncentration av verksamheterna. Hur såg kampen om skogsråvaran ut i praktiken?
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| 28. |
- Pettersson, Thomas, 1968-
(författare)
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Women CEOs and chairpersons in knowledge intensive industries : the case of biotech and ICT in Sweden 2000-2010
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Humanities and Social Sciences. Latvia. - Riga : University of Latvia Press. - 1022-4483. ; 21:1, s. 4-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the development of the share of women CEOs and chairpersons in knowledge intensive industries in Sweden from 2000 to 2010. The Swedish national development, covering all limited companies with a CEO, is compared to case studies of the biotech and the ICT industries, with differences in female participation in the highly educated key workforce. The results indicate an increased female representation over time on the national level, but with differences between industries, which can be related to a combination of national political pressure for increased gender equality, and industry specific differences in education level among men and women in the key workforces of the industries.
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| 29. |
- Skog, Daniel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Time Management in Higher Education - A Challenge for Academic Leaders
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The Hawaiian Conference on Education 2016: Official Conference Proceedings. - Nagoya : International Academic Forum. ; , s. 89-98
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planning the use of university faculty time and allocating it to various tasks can be challenging since university teachers typically have a complex mix of different tasks that also often change. In this context, some Swedish universities have turned towards time management software solutions as tools for planning department activities. This paper describes the introduction of such a web-based time management system at a Swedish university, and reports from a system evaluation comprising interviews with department leaders and staff planners. The empirical material implies that the advent of time management systems in higher education give rise to challenges for academic leaders aiming for efficiency, transparency and control, while trying to maintain flexibility and autonomy among faculty members.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Wetterlund, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Smart Waste Treatment in the Circular Economy
- 2024
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This project has targeted utilisation of infrastructure for organic waste treatment in Sweden, in particular sewage sludge, to achieve increased production of high-value materials and energy carriers, reduced use of primary resources, and improved economic performance. We have investigated the sewage sludge management system as a socio-technical system facing a change, with integral connections to the energy and waste systems.In conclusion, there is no silver bullet for the future of sewage sludge management. Indeed, it would have to be a full clip of silver bullets, as we found that a mishmash of different barriers –technical, economic, legal, and related to public perception – creates uncertainty that hinders progress regarding both sustainable long-term strategies and technological advancement. The Swedish sewage sludge management is largely fragmented, highlighting the need to shift directionto a more holistic approach. This can help actors address common issues rather than focussing solely on activity-specific problems. Introducing new legislation could be a key step, as the current specific legislation on sewage sludge has a seemingly insignificant role for today’s sludge management, compared to other legislation and the voluntary certification.We have formulated six overall research highlights, to outline both published results and meta-conclusions based on combined insights. Each highlight is described separately in this report.
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